xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"
A measuring instrument shall provide a high level of metrological protection in order that any party affected can have confidence in the result of measurement, and shall be designed and manufactured to a high level of quality in respect of the measurement technology and security of the measurement data.
The requirements that shall be met by measuring instruments are set out below and are supplemented, where appropriate, by specific instrument requirements in Annexes MI-001 to MI-010 that provide more detail on certain aspects of the general requirements.
The solutions adopted in the pursuit of the requirements shall take account of the intended use of the instrument and any foreseeable misuse thereof.
The measurand is the particular quantity subject to measurement.
An influence quantity is a quantity that is not the measurand but that affects the result of measurement.
The rated operating conditions are the values for the measurand and influence quantities making up the normal working conditions of an instrument.
An influence quantity having a value within the limits specified in the appropriate requirement but outside the specified rated operating conditions of the measuring instrument. An influence quantity is a disturbance if for that influence quantity the rated operating conditions are not specified.
The critical change value is the value at which the change in the measurement result is considered undesirable.
A material measure is a device intended to reproduce or supply in a permanent manner during its use one or more known values of a given quantity.
A trading transaction is direct sales if:
the measurement result serves as the basis for the price to pay and;
at least one of the parties involved in the transaction related to measurement is a consumer or any other party requiring a similar level of protection and;
all the parties in the transaction accept the measurement result at that time and place.
Climatic environments are the conditions in which measuring instruments may be used. To cope with climatic differences between the Member States, a range of temperature limits has been defined.
A utility is regarded as a supplier of electricity, gas, heat or water.
Unless stated otherwise in the instrument-specific annexes, MPE is expressed as a bilateral value of the deviation from the true measurement value.
Where the instrument is intended to be used in a specified permanent continuous electromagnetic field the permitted performance during the radiated electromagnetic field-amplitude modulated test shall be within MPE.
The manufacturer shall specify the upper temperature limit and the lower temperature limit from any of the values in Table 1 unless otherwise specified in the Annexes MI-001 to MI-010, and indicate whether the instrument is designed for condensing or non-condensing humidity as well as the intended location for the instrument, i.e. open or closed.
Temperature Limits | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Upper temperature limit | 30 °C | 40 °C | 55 °C | 70 °C |
Lower temperature limit | 5 °C | – 10 °C | – 25 °C | – 40 °C |
Mechanical environments are classified into classes M1 to M3 as described below.
This class applies to instruments used in locations with vibration and shocks of low significance, e.g. for instruments fastened to light supporting structures subject to negligible vibrations and shocks transmitted from local blasting or pile-driving activities, slamming doors, etc.
This class applies to instruments used in locations with significant or high levels of vibration and shock, e.g. transmitted from machines and passing vehicles in the vicinity or adjacent to heavy machines, conveyor belts, etc.
This class applies to instruments used in locations where the level of vibration and shock is high and very high, e.g. for instruments mounted directly on machines, conveyor belts, etc.
The following influence quantities shall be considered in relation with mechanical environments:
Vibration;
Mechanical shock.
Electromagnetic environments are classified into classes E1, E2 or E3 as described below, unless otherwise laid down in the appropriate instrument-specific annexes.
This class applies to instruments used in locations with electromagnetic disturbances corresponding to those likely to be found in residential, commercial and light industrial buildings.
This class applies to instruments used in locations with electromagnetic disturbances corresponding to those likely to be found in other industrial buildings.
This class applies to instruments supplied by the battery of a vehicle. Such instruments shall comply with the requirements of E2 and the following additional requirements:
voltage reductions caused by energising the starter-motor circuits of internal combustion engines,
load dump transients occurring in the event of a discharged battery being disconnected while the engine is running.
The following influence quantities shall be considered in relation with electromagnetic environments:
Voltage interruptions,
Short voltage reductions,
Voltage transients on supply lines and/or signal lines,
Electrostatic discharges,
Radio frequency electromagnetic fields,
Conducted radio frequency electromagnetic fields on supply lines and/or signal lines,
Surges on supply lines and/or signal lines.
Voltage variation,
Mains frequency variation,
Power frequency magnetic fields,
Any other quantity likely to influence in a significant way the accuracy of the instrument.
Essential requirements specified in 1.1 and 1.2 shall be verified for each relevant influence quantity. Unless otherwise specified in the appropriate instrument-specific annex, these essential requirements apply when each influence quantity is applied and its effect evaluated separately, all other influence quantities being kept relatively constant at their reference value.
Metrological tests shall be carried out during or after the application of the influence quantity, whichever condition corresponds to the normal operational status of the instrument when that influence quantity is likely to occur.
According to the climatic operating environment in which the instrument is intended to be used either the damp heat-steady state (non-condensing) or damp heat cyclic (condensing) test may be appropriate.
The damp heat cyclic test is appropriate where condensation is important or when penetration of vapour will be accelerated by the effect of breathing. In conditions where non-condensing humidity is a factor the damp-heat steady state is appropriate.
The application of the same measurand in a different location or by a different user, all other conditions being the same, shall result in the close agreement of successive measurements. The difference between the measurement results shall be small when compared with the MPE.
The application of the same measurand under the same conditions of measurement shall result in the close agreement of successive measurements. The difference between the measurement results shall be small when compared with the MPE.
A measuring instrument shall be sufficiently sensitive and the discrimination threshold shall be sufficiently low for the intended measurement task.
A measuring instrument shall be designed to maintain an adequate stability of its metrological characteristics over a period of time estimated by the manufacturer, provided that it is properly installed, maintained and used according to the manufacturer's instruction when in the environmental conditions for which it is intended.
A measuring instrument shall be designed to reduce as far as possible the effect of a defect that would lead to an inaccurate measurement result, unless the presence of such a defect is obvious.
When a measuring instrument has associated software which provides other functions besides the measuring function, the software that is critical for the metrological characteristics shall be identifiable and shall not be inadmissibly influenced by the associated software.
Software identification shall be easily provided by the measuring instrument.
Evidence of an intervention shall be available for a reasonable period of time.
manufacturer's mark or name;
information in respect of its accuracy,
plus, when applicable:
information in respect of the conditions of use;
measuring capacity;
measuring range;
identity marking;
number of the EC-type examination certificate or the EC design examination certificate;
information whether or not additional devices providing metrological results comply with the provisions of this Directive on legal metrological control.
rated operating conditions;
mechanical and electromagnetic environment classes;
the upper and lower temperature limit, whether condensation is possible or not, open or closed location;
instructions for installation, maintenance, repairs, permissible adjustments;
instructions for correct operation and any special conditions of use;
conditions for compatibility with interfaces, sub-assemblies or measuring instruments.
the measurement is non-repeatable and;
the measuring instrument is normally intended for use in the absence of one of the trading parties.
A measuring instrument shall be designed so as to allow ready evaluation of its conformity with the appropriate requirements of this Directive.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
Where the manufacturer is not established within the Community and where he does not have an authorised representative, the obligations contained in paragraphs 3 and 5.2 shall be the responsibility of the person who places the instrument on the market.
In those cases where a relevant number of instruments in the sample do not conform to an acceptable quality level, the notified body shall take appropriate measures.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
Where the manufacturer is not established within the Community and where he does not have an authorised representative, the obligations contained in paragraphs 3 and 6.2 shall be the responsibility of the person who places the instrument on the market.
examination of a specimen, representative of the production envisaged, of the complete measuring instrument;
examination of specimens, representative of the production envisaged, of one or more critical parts of the measuring instrument, plus assessment of the adequacy of the technical design of the other parts of the measuring instrument through examination of the technical documentation and supporting evidence referred to in paragraph 3;
assessment of the adequacy of the technical design of the measuring instrument through examination of the technical documentation and supporting evidence referred to in paragraph 3, without examination of a specimen.
The application shall include:
the name and address of the manufacturer and, if the application is lodged by the authorised representative, his name and address in addition;
a written declaration that the same application has not been lodged with any other notified body;
the technical documentation as described in Article 10. The documentation shall enable assessment of the conformity of the instrument with the appropriate requirements of this Directive. It shall, as far as relevant for such assessment, cover the design, manufacture and operation of the instrument;
the specimens, representative of the production envisaged, as required by the notified body;
the supporting evidence for the adequacy of the technical design of those parts of the measuring instrument for which no specimens are required. This supporting evidence shall mention any relevant documents that have been applied, in particular where the relevant documents referred to in Article 13 have not been applied in full, and shall include, where necessary, the results of tests carried out by the appropriate laboratory of the manufacturer, or by another testing laboratory on his behalf and under his responsibility.
For the specimens:
examine the technical documentation, verify that the specimens have been manufactured in conformity with it and identify the elements which have been designed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the relevant documents referred to in Article 13, as well as the elements which have been designed without applying the relevant provisions of those documents;
carry out the appropriate examinations and tests, or have them carried out, to check whether, where the manufacturer has chosen to apply the solutions in the relevant documents referred to in Article 13, these have been applied correctly;
carry out the appropriate examinations and tests, or have them carried out, to check whether, where the manufacturer has chosen not to apply the solutions in the relevant documents referred to in Article 13, the solutions adopted by the manufacturer meet the corresponding essential requirements of this Directive;
agree with the applicant on the location where the examinations and tests shall be carried out.
For the other parts of the measuring instrument:
examine the technical documentation and supporting evidence to assess the adequacy of the technical design of the other parts of the measuring instrument.
For the manufacturing process:
examine the technical documentation to assure that the manufacturer has adequate means to ensure consistent production.
The certificate and its annexes shall contain all relevant information for conformity evaluation and in-service control. In particular, to allow the conformity of manufactured instruments to be evaluated with the examined type regarding the reproducibility of their metrological performances, when they are properly adjusted using appropriate means, content shall include:
the metrological characteristics of the type of instrument;
measures required for ensuring the integrity of the instruments (sealing, identification of software, etc.);
information on other elements necessary for the identification of the instruments and to check their visual external conformity to type;
if appropriate, any specific information necessary to verify the characteristics of manufactured instruments;
in the case of a sub-assembly, all necessary information to ensure the compatibility with other sub-assemblies or measuring instruments.
The certificate shall have a validity of ten years from the date of its issue, and may be renewed for subsequent periods of ten years each.
EC-type examination certificates and annexes issued;
additions and amendments relating to certificates already issued.
Each notified body shall immediately inform the Member State that designated it of the withdrawal of an EC-type examination certificate.
The notified body shall hold the technical file including the documentation submitted by the manufacturer for a period up to the end of the validity of the certificate.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
Where the manufacturer is not established within the Community and where he does not have an authorised representative, the obligation mentioned in paragraph 3.2 shall be the responsibility of the person who places the instrument on the market.
In those cases where a relevant number of instruments in the sample do not conform to an acceptable quality level, the notified body shall take appropriate measures.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
Where the manufacturer is not established within the Community and where he does not have an authorised representative, the obligations mentioned in paragraph 4.2 shall be the responsibility of the person who places the instrument on the market.
The application shall include:
all relevant information for the instrument category envisaged;
the documentation concerning the quality system;
the technical documentation of the approved type and a copy of the EC-type examination certificate.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation must permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records.
It shall contain in particular an adequate description of:
the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality;
the manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used;
the examinations and tests that will be carried out before, during, and after manufacture, and the frequency with which they will be carried out;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc;
the means to monitor the achievement of the required product quality and the effective operation of the quality system.
In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall possess appropriate experience in the relevant field of metrology and instrument technology, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The evaluation procedure shall include an inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises.
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
The notified body shall evaluate the modifications proposed and decide whether the changed quality system will still satisfy the requirements referred to in paragraph 3.2 or whether a re-assessment is required.
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
the quality system documentation;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
the documentation referred to in paragraph 3.1, second indent;
the change referred to in paragraph 3.5, as approved;
the decisions and reports from the notified body referred to in paragraphs 3.5, 4.3 and 4.4.
The application shall include:
all relevant information for the instrument category envisaged;
the documentation concerning the quality system;
the technical documentation referred to in paragraph 2.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation must permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records.
It shall contain, in particular, an adequate description of:
the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality;
the manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used;
the examinations and tests that will be carried out before, during, and after manufacture, and the frequency with which they will be carried out;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.;
the means to monitor the achievement of the required product quality and the effective operation of the quality system.
In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall possess appropriate experience in the relevant field of metrology and instrument technology, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The evaluation procedure shall include an inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises.
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
The notified body shall evaluate the changes proposed and decide whether the changed quality system will still satisfy the requirements referred to in paragraph 5.2 or whether a re-assessment is required.
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
the quality system documentation;
the technical documentation referred to in paragraph 2;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
the documentation referred to in paragraph 5.1, second indent;
the change referred to in paragraph 5.5, as approved;
the decisions and reports from the notified body referred to in paragraphs 5.5, 6.3 and 6.4.
The application shall include:
all relevant information for the instrument category envisaged;
the documentation concerning the quality system;
the technical documentation of the approved type and a copy of the EC-type examination certificate.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation must permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records.
It shall contain in particular an adequate description of:
the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality;
the examinations and tests that will be carried out after manufacture;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.;
the means to monitor the effective operation of the quality system.
In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall possess appropriate experience in the relevant field of metrology and instrument technology, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The evaluation procedure shall include an inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises.
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
The notified body shall evaluate the changes proposed and decide whether the changed quality system will still satisfy the requirements referred to in paragraph 3.2 or whether a re-assessment is required.
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
the quality system documentation;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.
the documentation referred to in the second indent of paragraph 3.1;
the change referred to in the second subparagraph of paragraph 3.5, as approved;
the decisions and reports from the notified body which are referred to in paragraph 3.5, final subparagraph, paragraph 4.3 and paragraph 4.4.
The application shall include:
all relevant information for the instrument category envisaged;
the documentation concerning the quality system;
the technical documentation referred to in paragraph 2.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation must permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records.
This documentation shall contain in particular an adequate description of:
the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to product quality;
the examinations and tests that will be carried out after manufacture;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc;
the means to monitor the effective operation of the quality system.
In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall possess appropriate experience in the relevant field of metrology and instrument technology, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The evaluation procedure shall include an inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises.
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
The notified body shall evaluate the changes proposed and decide whether the changed quality system will still satisfy the requirements referred to in paragraph 5.2 or whether a re-assessment is required.
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
the quality system documentation;
the technical documentation referred to in paragraph 2;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
the documentation referred to in paragraph 5.1, second indent;
the change referred to in paragraph 5.5, as approved;
the decisions and reports from the notified body referred to in paragraphs 5.5, 6.3 and 6.4.
The examinations and tests to check the conformity with the metrological requirements will be carried out, at the choice of the manufacturer, either by examination and testing of every instrument as specified in paragraph 4, or by examination and testing of the instruments on a statistical basis as specified in paragraph 5.
The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity available for inspection by the national authorities for 10 years after the certification of the instrument.
The statistical control will be based on attributes. The sampling system shall ensure:
a level of quality corresponding to a probability of acceptance of 95 %, with a non-conformity of less than 1 %;
a limit quality corresponding to a probability of acceptance of 5 %, with a non-conformity of less than 7 %.
The notified body shall issue a certificate of conformity in respect of the examinations and tests carried out, and shall affix its identification number to each approved instrument or have it affixed under its responsibility.
The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity available for inspection by the national authorities for 10 years after the certification of the instrument.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
If agreed upon by the notified body referred to in paragraph 3, the manufacturer shall also affix the notified body's identification number to the measuring instruments under the notified body's responsibility.
The examinations and tests to check the conformity with the metrological requirements will be carried out, at the choice of the manufacturer, either by examination and testing of every instrument as specified in paragraph 6, or by examination and testing of the instruments on a statistical basis as specified in paragraph 7.
The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity available for inspection by the national authorities for 10 years after the certification of the instrument.
The statistical control will be based on attributes. The sampling system shall ensure:
a level of quality corresponding to a probability of acceptance of 95 %, with a non-conformity of less than 1 %;
a limit quality corresponding to a probability of acceptance of 5 %, with a non-conformity of less than 7 %.
The notified body shall issue a certificate of conformity in respect of the examinations and tests carried out, and shall affix its identification number to each approved instrument or have it affixed under its responsibility.
The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity available for inspection by the national authorities for 10 years after the certification of the instrument.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
If agreed upon by the notified body referred to in paragraph 5, the manufacturer shall also affix the notified body's identification number to the measuring instruments under the notified body's responsibility.
The manufacturer shall keep the technical documentation at the disposal of the national authorities for ten years.
The notified body shall issue a certificate of conformity in respect of the examinations and tests carried out and affix its identification number to the approved instrument, or have it affixed under its responsibility.
The manufacturer shall keep the certificates of conformity available for inspection by the national authorities for 10 years after the certification of the instrument.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with the measuring instrument.
The application shall include:
all relevant information for the instrument category envisaged;
the documentation concerning the quality system.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation must permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records. It shall contain in particular an adequate description of:
the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to design and product quality;
the technical design specifications, including standards, that will be applied and, where the relevant documents referred to in Article 13 will not be applied in full, the means that will be used to ensure that the essential requirements of this Directive that apply to the instruments will be met;
the design control and design verification techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used when designing the instruments pertaining to the instrument category covered;
the corresponding manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used;
the examinations and tests that will be carried out before, during and after manufacture, and their frequency;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.;
the means to monitor the achievement of the required design and product quality and the effective operation of the quality system.
In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall possess appropriate experience in the relevant field of metrology and instrument technology, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The evaluation procedure shall include an inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises.
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
The notified body shall evaluate the changes proposed and decide whether the changed quality system will still satisfy the requirements referred to in paragraph 3.2 or whether a re-assessment is required.
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
the quality system documentation;
the quality records as foreseen by the design part of the quality system, such as results of analyses, calculations, tests, etc.;
the quality records as foreseen by the manufacturing part of the quality system, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
the documentation concerning the quality system referred to in paragraph 3.1, second indent;
the change referred to in paragraph 3.5, as approved;
the decisions and reports from the notified body referred to in paragraphs 3.5, 4.3 and 4.4.
The application shall include:
all relevant information for the instrument category envisaged;
the documentation concerning the quality system.
All the elements, requirements and provisions adopted by the manufacturer shall be documented in a systematic and orderly manner in the form of written policies, procedures and instructions. This quality system documentation must permit a consistent interpretation of the quality programmes, plans, manuals and records. It shall contain in particular an adequate description of:
the quality objectives and the organisational structure, responsibilities and powers of the management with regard to design and product quality;
the technical design specifications, including standards, that will be applied and, where the relevant documents referred to in Article 13 will not be applied in full, the means that will be used to ensure that the essential requirements of this Directive that apply to the instruments will be met;
the design control and design verification techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used when designing the instruments pertaining to the instrument category covered;
the corresponding manufacturing, quality control and quality assurance techniques, processes and systematic actions that will be used;
the examinations and tests that will be carried out before, during and after manufacture, and the frequency with which they will be carried out;
the quality records, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.;
the means to monitor the achievement of the required design and product quality and the effective operation of the quality system.
In addition to experience in quality management systems, the auditing team shall possess appropriate experience in the relevant field of metrology and instrument technology, and knowledge of the applicable requirements of this Directive. The evaluation procedure shall include an inspection visit to the manufacturer's premises.
The decision shall be notified to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
The notified body shall evaluate the changes proposed and decide whether the changed quality system will still satisfy the requirements referred to in paragraph 3.2 or whether a re-assessment is required.
It shall notify its decision to the manufacturer. The notification shall contain the conclusions of the examination and the reasoned assessment decision.
the name and address of the manufacturer;
a written declaration that the same application has not been lodged with any other notified body;
the technical documentation as described in Article 10. The documentation shall enable assessment of the conformity of the instrument with the appropriate requirements of this Directive. It shall, as far as relevant for such assessment, cover the design and operation of the instrument;
the supporting evidence for the adequacy of the technical design. This evidence shall mention any documents that have been applied, in particular where the relevant documents referred to in Article 13 have not been applied in full, and shall include, where necessary, the results of tests carried out by the appropriate laboratory of the manufacturer, or by another testing laboratory on his behalf and under his responsibility.
the metrological characteristics of the design of the instrument;
measures required for ensuring the integrity of the instruments (sealing, identification of software …);
information on other elements necessary for the identification of the instrument and to check its visual external conformity to the design;
if appropriate, any specific information necessary to verify the characteristics of manufactured instruments;
in the case of a sub-assembly, all necessary information to ensure the compatibility with other sub-assemblies or measuring instruments.
The certificate shall have a validity of ten years from the date of its issue, and may be renewed for subsequent periods of ten years each.
If the manufacturer is denied a design examination certificate, the notified body shall provide detailed reasons for the denial.
‘EC’ design examination certificates and annexes issued;
additions and amendments relating to certificates issued.
Each notified body shall immediately inform the Member State that designated it of the withdrawal of an EC design examination certificate.
Where neither the manufacturer nor his authorised representative is established within the Community, the obligation to make the technical documentation available on request shall be the responsibility of the person designated by the manufacturer.
the quality system documentation;
the quality records as foreseen by the design part of the quality system, such as results of analyses, calculations, tests, etc;
the quality records as foreseen by the manufacturing part of the quality system, such as inspection reports and test data, calibration data, qualification reports of the personnel concerned, etc.
A copy of the declaration shall be supplied with each measuring instrument that is placed on the market. However, this requirement may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than individual instruments in those cases where a large number of instruments is delivered to a single user.
the documentation referred to in 3.1, second indent;
the change referred to in paragraph 3.5, as approved;
the decisions and reports of the notified body referred to in paragraphs 3.5, 5.3 and 5.4.
The relevant requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to water meters intended for the measurement of volumes of clean, cold or heated water in residential, commercial and light industrial use.
An instrument designed to measure, memorise and display the volume at metering conditions of water passing through the measurement transducer.
The lowest flowrate at which the water meter provides indications that satisfy the requirements concerning the maximum permissible errors (MPEs.)
The transitional flowrate is the flowrate value occurring between the permanent and minimum flowrates, at which the flowrate range is divided into two zones, the ‘upper zone’ and the ‘lower zone’. Each zone has a characteristic MPE.
The highest flowrate at which the water meter operates in a satisfactory manner under normal conditions of use, i.e. under steady or intermittent flow conditions.
The overload flowrate is the highest flowrate at which the meter operates in a satisfactory manner for a short period of time without deteriorating.
The manufacturer shall specify the rated operating conditions for the instrument, in particular;
The values for the flowrate range shall fulfil the following conditions:
Q3/Q1 ≥ 10
Q2/Q1 = 1,6
Q4/Q3 = 1,25
For 5 years from the date of entry into force of this Directive the ratio Q2/Q1 may be: 1,5, 2,5, 4 or 6,3.
The values for the temperature range shall fulfil the following conditions:
0,1 °C to at least 30 °C, or
30 °C to at least 90 °C.
The meter may be designed to operate over both ranges.
2 % for water having a temperature ≤ 30 °C,
3 % for water having a temperature > 30 °C.
the change in the measurement result is no greater than the critical change value as defined in 8.1.4, or
the indication of the measurement result is such that it cannot be interpreted as a valid result, such as a momentary variation that cannot be interpreted, memorised or transmitted as a measuring result.
recover to operate within MPE, and
have all measurement functions safeguarded, and
allow recovery of all measurement data present just before the disturbance.
the volume corresponding to half of the magnitude of the MPE in the upper zone on the measured volume;
the volume corresponding to the MPE on the volume corresponding to one minute at flowrate Q3.
After an appropriate test, taking into account the period of time estimated by the manufacturer, has been performed, the following criteria shall be satisfied:
3 % of the metered volume between Q1 included and Q2 excluded;
1,5 % of the metered volume between Q2 included and Q4 included.
± 6 % of the metered volume between Q1 included and Q2 excluded;
± 2,5 % of the metered volume between Q2 included and Q4 included for water meters intended to meter water with a temperature between 0,1 °C and 30 °C,
± 3,5 % of the metered volume between Q2 included and Q4 included for water meters intended to meter water with a temperature between 30 °C and 90 °C.
Water meters not designed to measure reverse flow shall either prevent reverse flow or shall withstand an accidental reverse flow without any deterioration or change in metrological properties.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
B + F or B + D or H1.
The relevant requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to gas meters and volume conversion devices defined below, intended for residential, commercial and light industrial use.
An instrument designed to measure, memorise and display the quantity of fuel gas (volume or mass) that has passed it.
A device fitted to a gas meter that automatically converts the quantity measured at metering conditions into a quantity at base conditions.
The lowest flowrate at which the gas meter provides indications that satisfy the requirements regarding maximum permissible error (MPE.)
The highest flowrate at which the gas meter provides indications that satisfy the requirements regarding MPE.
The transitional flowrate is the flowrate occurring between the maximum and minimum flowrates at which the flowrate range is divided into two zones, the ‘upper zone’ and the ‘lower zone’. Each zone has a characteristic MPE.
The overload flowrate is the highest flowrate at which the meter operates for a short period of time without deteriorating.
The specified conditions to which the measured quantity of fluid is converted.
The manufacturer shall specify the rated operating conditions of the gas meter, taking into account:
Class | Qmax/Qmin | Qmax/Qt | Qr/Qmax |
---|---|---|---|
1,5 | ≥150 | ≥10 | 1,2 |
1,0 | ≥20 | ≥5 | 1,2 |
The gas meter shall be designed for the range of gases and supply pressures of the country of destination. In particular the manufacturer shall indicate:
the gas family or group;
the maximum operating pressure.
Table 1 | ||
Class | 1,5 | 1,0 |
---|---|---|
Qmin ≤ Q < Qt | 3 % | 2 % |
Qt ≤ Q ≤ Qmax | 1,5 % | 1 % |
When the errors between Qt and Qmax all have the same sign, they shall all not exceed 1 % for class 1,5 and 0,5 % for Class 1,0.
the change in the measurement result is no greater than the critical change value as defined in 3.1.3, or
the indication of the measurement result is such that it cannot be interpreted as a valid result, such as a momentary variation that cannot be interpreted, memorised or transmitted as a measuring result.
recover to operate within MPE, and
have all measurement functions safeguarded, and
allow recovery of all measurement data present just before the disturbance.
the quantity corresponding to half of the magnitude of the MPE in the upper zone on the measured volume;
the quantity corresponding to the MPE on the quantity corresponding to one minute at maximum flowrate.
Under installation conditions specified by the manufacturer, the effect of the flow disturbances shall not exceed one third of the MPE.
After an appropriate test, taking into account the period of time estimated by the manufacturer, has been performed, the following criteria shall be satisfied:
Metered quantity shall be displayed in cubic metre, or in kilogram.
A volume conversion device constitutes a sub-assembly according to Article 4, definition (b), second indent.
For a volume conversion device, the essential requirements for the gas meter shall apply, if applicable. In addition, the following requirements shall apply:
The manufacturer shall specify the base conditions for converted quantities.
0,5 % at ambient temperature 20 °C ± 3 °C, ambient humidity 60 % ± 15 %, nominal values for power supply;
0,7 % for temperature conversion devices at rated operating conditions;
1 % for other conversion devices at rated operating conditions.
The error of the gas meter is not taken into account.U.K.
Where a Member State imposes measurement of residential use, it shall allow such measurement to be performed by means of any Class 1,5 meter, and by Class 1,0 meters which have a Qmax/Qmin ratio equal or greater than 150.
Where a Member State imposes measurement of commercial and/or light industrial use, it shall allow such measurement to be performed by any Class 1,5 meter.
As regards the requirements under paragraphs 1.2 and 1.3, Member States shall ensure that the properties be determined by the distributor or the person legally designated for installing the meter, so that the meter is appropriate for the accurate measurement of consumption that is foreseen or foreseeable.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are
B + F oder B + D or H1.
The relevant requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to active electrical energy meters intended for residential, commercial and light industrial use.
Electrical energy meters may be used in combination with external instrument transformers, depending upon the measurement technique applied. However, this Annex covers only electrical energy meters but not instrument transformers.U.K.
An active electrical energy meter is a device which measures the active electrical energy consumed in a circuit.
=
the electrical current flowing through the meter;
=
the specified reference current for which the transformer operated meter has been designed;
=
the lowest declared value of I at which the meter registers active electrical energy at unity power factor (polyphase meters with balanced load);
=
the value of I above which the error lies within maximum permissible errors (MPEs) (polyphase meters with balanced load);
=
the value of I above which the error lies within the smallest MPE corresponding to the class index of the meter;
=
the maximum value of I for which the error lies within the MPEs;
=
the voltage of the electricity supplied to the meter;
=
the specified reference voltage;
=
the frequency of the voltage supplied to the meter;
=
the specified reference frequency;
=
power factor = cosφ = the cosine of the phase difference φ between I and U.
The manufacturer shall specify the class index of the meter. The class indices are defined as: Class A, B and C.
The manufacturer shall specify the rated operating conditions of the meter; in particular:
The values of fn, Un, In, Ist, Imin, Itr and Imax that apply to the meter. For the current values specified, the meter shall satisfy the conditions given in Table 1;
Table 1 | |||
a For Class B electromechanical meters Imin ≤ 0,4 · Itr shall apply. | |||
Class A | Class B | Class C | |
---|---|---|---|
For direct-connected meters | |||
Ist | ≤ 0,05 · Itr | ≤ 0,04 · Itr | ≤ 0,04 · Itr |
Imin | ≤ 0,5 · Itr | ≤ 0,5 · Itr | ≤ 0,3 · Itr |
Imax | ≥ 50 · Itr | ≥ 50 · Itr | ≥ 50 · Itr |
For transformer-operated meters | |||
Ist | ≤ 0,06 · Itr | ≤ 0,04 · Itr | ≤ 0,02 · Itr |
Imin | ≤ 0,4 · Itr | ≤ 0,2 · Itr a | ≤ 0,2 · Itr |
In | = 20 · Itr | = 20 · Itr | = 20 · Itr |
Imax | ≥ 1,2 · In | ≥ 1,2 · In | ≥ 1,2 · In |
The voltage, frequency and power factor ranges within which the meter shall satisfy the MPE requirements are specified in Table 2. These ranges shall recognise the typical characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution systems.
The voltage and frequency ranges shall be at least:
0,9 · Un ≤ U ≤ 1,1 · Un
0,98 · fn ≤ f ≤ 1,02 · fn
power factor range at least from cosφ = 0,5 inductive to cosφ = 0,8 capacitive.
The effects of the various measurands and influence quantities (a, b, c,…) are evaluated separately, all other measurands and influence quantities being kept relatively constant at their reference values. The error of measurement, that shall not exceed the MPE stated in Table 2, is calculated as:
When the meter is operating under varying-load current, the percentage errors shall not exceed the limits given in Table 2.
MPEs in percent at rated operating conditions and defined load current levels and operating temperature
For electromechanical polyphase meters the current range for single-phase load is limited to 5Itr ≤ I ≤ Imax | ||||||||||||
Operating temperatures | Operating temperatures | Operating temperatures | Operating temperatures | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Meter class | + 5 °C … + 30 °C | - 10 °C … + 5 °Cor+ 30 °C … + 40 °C | - 25 °C … - 10 °Cor+ 40 °C … + 55 °C | - 40 °C … - 25 °Cor+ 55 °C … + 70 °C | ||||||||
A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | A | B | C | |
Single phase meter; polyphase meter if operating with balanced loads | ||||||||||||
Imin ≤ I < Itr | 3,5 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2,5 | 1,3 | 7 | 3,5 | 1,7 | 9 | 4 | 2 |
Itr ≤ I ≤ Imax | 3,5 | 2 | 0,7 | 4,5 | 2,5 | 1 | 7 | 3,5 | 1,3 | 9 | 4 | 1,5 |
Polyphase meter if operating with single phase load | ||||||||||||
Itr ≤ I ≤ Imax, see exception below | 4 | 2,5 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1,3 | 7 | 4 | 1,7 | 9 | 4,5 | 2 |
When a meter operates in different temperature ranges the relevant MPE values shall apply.
As electrical energy meters are directly connected to the mains supply and as mains current is also one of the measurands, a special electromagnetic environment is used for electricity meters.
The meter shall comply with the electromagnetic environment E2 and the additional requirements in 4.2 and 4.3.
The electromagnetic environment and permissible effects reflect the situation that there are disturbances of long duration which shall not affect the accuracy beyond the critical change values and transient disturbances, which may cause a temporary degradation or loss of function or performance but from which the meter shall recover and shall not affect the accuracy beyond the critical change values.
When there is a foreseeable high risk due to lightning or where overhead supply networks are predominant, the metrological characteristics of the meter shall be protected.
Critical change values for disturbances of long duration
a In the case of electromechanical electricity meters, no critical change values are defined for harmonic contents in the current circuits and for DC and harmonics in the current circuit. | |||
Disturbance | Critical change values in percent for meters of class | ||
---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | |
Reversed phase sequence | 1,5 | 1,5 | 0,3 |
Voltage unbalance (only applicable to polyphase meters) | 4 | 2 | 1 |
Harmonic contents in the current circuitsa | 1 | 0,8 | 0,5 |
DC and harmonics in the current circuita | 6 | 3 | 1,5 |
Fast transient bursts | 6 | 4 | 2 |
Magnetic fields; HF (radiated RF) electromagnetic field; Conducted disturbances introduced by radio-frequency fields; and Oscillatory waves immunity | 3 | 2 | 1 |
any output intended for testing the accuracy of the meter does not produce pulses or signals corresponding to an energy of more than the critical change value
and in reasonable time after the disturbance the meter shall
recover to operate within the MPE limits, and
have all measurement functions safeguarded, and
allow recovery of all measurement data present prior to the disturbance, and
not indicate a change in the registered energy of more than the critical change value.
The critical change value in kWh is m · Un · Imax · 10-6
(m being the number of measuring elements of the meter, Un in Volts and Imax in Amps).
When the voltage is applied with no current flowing in the current circuit (current circuit shall be open circuit), the meter shall not register energy at any voltage between 0,8 · Un and 1,1 Un.
The meter shall start and continue to register at Un, PF = 1 (polyphase meter with balanced loads) and a current which is equal to Ist.
The electrical energy measured shall be displayed in kilowatt-hours or in megawatt-hours.
Where a Member State imposes measurement of residential use, it shall allow such measurement to be performed by means of any Class A meter. For specified purposes the Member State is authorised to require any Class B meter.
Where a Member State imposes measurement of commercial and/or light industrial use, it shall allow such measurement to be performed by any Class B meter. For specified purposes the Member State is authorised to require any Class C meter.
The Member State shall ensure that the current range be determined by the distributor or the person legally designated for installing the meter, so that the meter is appropriate for the accurate measurement of consumption that is foreseen or foreseeable.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
B + F or B + D or H1.
The relevant requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to heat meters defined below, intended for residential, commercial and light industrial use.
A heat meter is an instrument designed to measure the heat which, in a heat exchange circuit, is given up by a liquid called the heat-conveying liquid.
A heat meter is either a complete instrument or a combined instrument consisting of the sub-assemblies, flow sensor, temperature sensor pair, and calculator, as defined in Article 4(b), or a combination thereof
=
the temperature of the heat-conveying liquid;
=
the value of θ at the inlet of the heat exchange circuit;
=
the value of θ at the outlet of the heat exchange circuit;
=
the temperature difference θin — θout with Δθ ≥ 0;
=
the upper limit of θ for the heat meter to function correctly within the MPEs;
=
the lower limit of θ for the heat meter to function correctly within the MPEs;
=
the upper limit of Δθ for the heat meter to function correctly within the MPEs;
=
the lower limit of Δθ for the heat meter to function correctly within the MPEs;
=
the flow rate of the heat conveying liquid;
=
the highest value of q that is permitted for short periods of time for the heat meter to function correctly;
=
the highest value of q that is permitted permanently for the heat meter to function correctly;
=
the lowest value of q that is permitted for the heat meter to function correctly;
=
the thermal power of the heat exchange;
=
the upper limit of P that is permitted for the heat meter to function correctly.
The values of the rated operating conditions shall be specified by the manufacturer as follows:
for the temperature differences: Δθmax, Δθmin,
subject to the following restrictions: Δθmax/Δθmin ≥ 10; Δθmin = 3 K or 5 K or 10 K.
The following accuracy classes are defined for heat meters: 1, 2, 3.
The maximum permissible relative errors applicable to a complete heat meter, expressed in percent of the true value for each accuracy class, are:
For class 1: E = Ef + Et + Ec, with Ef, Et, Ec according to paragraphs 7.1 to 7.3.
For class 2: E = Ef + Et + Ec, with Ef, Et, Ec according to paragraphs 7.1 to 7.3.
For class 3: E = Ef + Et + Ec, with Ef, Et, Ec according to paragraphs 7.1 to 7.3.
After an appropriate test, taking into account the period of time estimated by the manufacturer, has been performed, the following criteria shall be satisfied:
Accuracy class
Limits of flow rate
Limits of temperature
Limits of temperature difference
Place of the flow sensor installation: flow or return
Indication of the direction of flow
The provisions for sub-assemblies may apply to sub-assemblies manufactured by the same or different manufacturers. Where a heat meter consists of sub-assemblies, the essential requirements for the heat meter apply to the sub-assemblies as relevant. In addition, the following apply:
Class 1: Ef = (1 + 0,01 qp/q), but not more than 5 %,
Class 2: Ef = (2 + 0,02 qp/q), but not more than 5 %,
Class 3: Ef = (3 + 0,05 qp/q), but not more than 5 %,
where the error Ef relates the indicated value to the true value of the relationship between flow sensor output signal and the mass or the volume.
Et = (0,5 + 3 · Δθmin/Δθ),
where the error Et relates the indicated value to the true value of the relationship between temperature sensor pair output and temperature difference.
Ec = (0,5 + Δθmin/Δθ),
where the error Ec relates the value of the heat indicated to the true value of the heat.
Flow sensor: | Accuracy class |
Limits of flow rate | |
Limits of temperature | |
Nominal meter factor (e.g. litres/pulse) or corresponding output signal | |
Indication of the direction of flow | |
Temperature sensor pair: | Type identification (e.g. Pt 100) |
Limits of temperature | |
Limits of temperature difference | |
Calculator: | Type of temperature sensors
|
Where a Member State imposes measurement of residential use, it shall allow such measurement to be performed by means of any Class 3 meter.
Where a Member State imposes measurement of commercial and/or light industrial use, it is authorised to require any Class 2 meter.
As regards the requirements under paragraphs 1.1 to 1.4, Member States shall ensure that the properties be determined by the distributor or the person legally designated for installing the meter, so that the meter is appropriate for the accurate measurement of consumption that is foreseen or foreseeable.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
B + F or B + D or H1.
The relevant essential requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to measuring systems intended for the continuous and dynamic measurement of quantities (volumes or masses) of liquids other than water. If appropriate, the terms ‘volume, and L’ in this Annex can be read as: ‘mass and kg’.
An instrument designed to measure continuously, memorise and display the quantity at metering conditions of liquid flowing through the measurement transducer in a closed, fully charged conduit.
A part of a meter that receives the output signals from the measurement transducer(s) and possibly, from associated measuring instruments and displays the measurement results.
An instrument connected to the calculator for measuring certain quantities which are characteristic of the liquid, with a view to make a correction and/or conversion.
A part of the calculator which by taking account of the characteristics of the liquid (temperature, density, etc.) measured using associated measuring instruments, or stored in a memory, automatically converts:
the volume of the liquid measured at metering conditions into a volume at base conditions and/or into mass, or
the mass of the liquid measured at metering conditions into a volume at metering conditions and/or into a volume at base conditions
A conversion device includes the relevant associated measuring instruments.U.K.
The specified conditions to which the measured quantity of liquid at metering conditions is converted.
A system that comprises the meter itself and all devices required to ensure correct measurement or intended to facilitate the measuring operations.
A measuring system intended for the refuelling of motor vehicles, small boats and small aircraft.
An arrangement that allows the customer to use a measuring system for the purpose of obtaining liquid for his own use.
A specific device that is part of a self-service arrangement and which allows one of more measuring systems to perform in this self-service arrangement.
The smallest quantity of liquid for which the measurement is metrologically acceptable for the measuring system.
The indication, either volume or mass, corresponding to the measure and that the meter is physically capable of measuring.
The direct indication may be converted into another quantity using a conversion device.U.K.
A measuring system is considered as interruptible/non interruptible when the liquid flow can/cannot be stopped easily and rapidly.
The range between the minimum flowrate (Qmin) and maximum flowrate (Qmax).
The manufacturer shall specify the rated operating conditions for the instrument, in particular;
The flowrate range is subject to the following conditions:
the flowrate range of a measuring system shall be within the flowrate range of each of its elements, in particular the meter.
meter and measuring system:
Table 1 | ||
Specific measuring system | Characteristic of liquid | Minimum ratio of Qmax : Qmin |
---|---|---|
Fuel dispensers | Not Liquefied gases | 10 : 1 |
Liquefied gases | 5 : 1 | |
Measuring system | Cryogenic liquids | 5 : 1 |
Measuring systems on pipeline and systems for loading ships | All liquids | Suitable for use |
All other measuring systems | All liquids | 4 : 1 |
Temperature range;
Pressure range;
Density range;
Viscosity range.
Paragraph 1.4 is without prejudice to the Member States' obligations to require use of a temperature of either 15 °C in accordance with Article 3(1) of Council Directive 92/81/EEC of 19 October 1992 on the harmonisation of the structures of excise duties on mineral oils(1) or, for heavy fuel oils, LPG and methane, another temperature pursuant to Article 3(2) of that Directive.U.K.
Accuracy Class | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0,3 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 1,5 | 2,5 | |
Measuring systems (A) | 0.3% | 0.5% | 1.0% | 1.5% | 2.5% |
Meters (B) | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 1.5% |
Measured volume V | MPE |
---|---|
V < 0,1 L | 4 × value in Table 2, applied to 0,1 L |
0,1 L ≤ V < 0,2 L | 4 × value in Table 2 |
0,2 L ≤ V < 0,4 L | 2 × value in Table 2, applied to 0,4 L |
0,4 L ≤ V < 1 L | 2 × value in Table 2 |
1 L ≤ V < 2 L | Value in Table 2, applied to 2 L |
the absolute value of the MPE given in Table 2 or Table 3,
the absolute value of the MPE for the minimum measured quantity (Emin).
Condition 1
Emin shall fulfil the condition: Emin ≥ 2 R, where R is the smallest scale interval of the indication device.
Condition 2
Emin is given by the formula: Emin = (2MMQ) × (A/100), where:
MMQ is the minimum measured quantity,
A is the numerical value specified in line A of Table 2.
In the case of a converted indication the MPEs are as in line A of Table 2.
MPEs on converted indications due to a conversion device are equal to ± (A — B), A and B being the values specified in Table 2.
Parts of conversion devices that can be tested separately
Calculator
MPEs on quantities of liquid indications applicable to calculation, positive or negative, are equal to one-tenth of the MPEs as defined in line A of Table 2.
Associated measuring instruments
Associated measuring instruments shall have an accuracy at least as good as the values in Table 4:
Table 4 | |||||
MPE on Measurements | Accuracy classes of the measuring system | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0,3 | 0,5 | 1,0 | 1,5 | 2,5 | |
Temperature | ± 0,3 °C | ± 0,5 °C | ± 1,0 °C | ||
Pressure | Less than 1 MPa: ± 50 kPa From 1 to 4 MPa: ± 5 % Over 4 MPa: ± 200 kPa | ||||
Density | ± 1 kg/m3 | ± 2 kg/m3 | ± 5 kg/m3 |
These values apply to the indication of the characteristic quantities of the liquid displayed by the conversion device.
Accuracy for calculating function
The MPE for the calculation of each characteristic quantity of the liquid, positive or negative, is equal to two fifths of the value fixed in (b).
the change in the measurement result is not greater than the critical change value as defined in paragraph 3.2, or
the indication of the measurement result shows a momentary variation that cannot be interpreted, memorised or transmitted as a measuring result. Furthermore, in the case of an interruptible system, this can also mean the impossibility to perform any measurement, or
the change in the measurement result is greater than the critical change value, in which case the measuring system shall permit the retrieval of the measuring result just before the critical change value occurred and cut off the flow.
After an appropriate test, taking into account the period of time estimated by the manufacturer, has been performed, the following criterion shall be satisfied:
The variation of the measurement result after the durability test, when compared with the initial measurement result, shall not exceed the value for meters specified in line B of table 2.
However, in the case of a self-service arrangement the scale intervals of the main indicating device on the measuring system and the scale intervals of the self-service device shall be the same and results of measurement shall not deviate one from another.
0,5 % for liquids other than potable liquids and for liquids of a viscosity not exceeding 1 mPa.s, or
1 % for potable liquids and for liquids of a viscosity exceeding 1 mPa.s.
However, the allowed variation shall never be smaller than 1 % of MMQ. This value applies in the case of air or gas pockets.
It shall not be possible to divert the measured quantity.
A measuring system shall either be provided with an emergency power supply device that will safeguard all measuring functions during the failure of the main power supply device or be equipped with means to save and display the data present in order to permit the conclusion of the transaction in progress and with means to stop the flow at the moment of the failure of the main power supply device.
a However, Member States may require measuring systems of accuracy class 0,3 or 0,5 when used for the levying of duties on mineral oils when (un)loading ships and rail and road tankers. | |
Note: | |
However, the manufacturer may specify a better accuracy for a certain type of measuring system. | |
Accuracy Class | Types of Measuring system |
---|---|
0,3 | Measuring systems on pipeline |
0,5 | All measuring systems if not differently stated elsewhere in this Table, in particular:
|
1,0 | Measuring systems for liquefied gases under pressure measured at a temperature equal to or above – 10 °C |
Measuring systems normally in class 0,3 or 0,5 but used for liquids
| |
1,5 | Measuring systems for liquefied carbon dioxide |
Measuring systems for liquefied gases under pressure measured at a temperature below – 10 °C (other than cryogenic liquids) | |
2,5 | measuring systems for cryogenic liquids (temperature below – 153 °C) |
The metered quantity shall be displayed in millilitres, cubic centimetres, litres, cubic metres, grams, kilograms or tonnes.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
B + F or B + D or H1 or G.
The relevant essential requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in Chapter I of this Annex, apply to automatic weighing instruments defined below, intended to determine the mass of a body by using the action of gravity on that body.
An instrument that determines the mass of a product without the intervention of an operator and follows a predetermined programme of automatic processes characteristic of the instrument.
An automatic weighing instrument that determines the mass of pre-assembled discrete loads (for example prepackages) or single loads of loose material.
An automatic catchweigher that subdivides articles of different mass into two or more subgroups according to the value of the difference of their mass and a nominal set-point.
An automatic catchweigher that labels individual articles with the weight value.
An automatic catchweigher that labels individual articles with the weight value, and price information.
An automatic weighing instrument that fills containers with a predetermined and virtually constant mass of product from bulk.
An automatic weighing instrument that determines the mass of a bulk product by dividing it into discrete loads. The mass of each discrete load is determined in sequence and summed. Each discrete load is then delivered to bulk.
An automatic weighing instrument that continuously determines the mass of a bulk product on a conveyor belt, without systematic subdivision of the product and without interrupting the movement of the conveyor belt.
An automatic weighing instrument having a load receptor inclusive of rails for conveying railway vehicles.
The manufacturer shall specify the rated operating conditions for the instrument as follows:
The measuring range in terms of its maximum and minimum capacity.
:
the nominal AC voltage supply, or the AC voltage limits.
:
the nominal and minimum DC voltage supply, or the DC voltage limits.
The minimum temperature range is 30 °C unless specified otherwise in the following chapters of this Annex.
The mechanical environment classes according to Annex I, paragraph 1.3.2 are not applicable. For instruments which are used under special mechanical strain, e.g. instruments incorporated into vehicles, the manufacturer shall define the mechanical conditions of use.
The rate(s) of operation.
The characteristics of the product(s) to be weighed.
The required performance and the critical change value are given in the relevant Chapter of this Annex for each type of instrument.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
For mechanical systems:
B + D or B + E or B + F or D1 or F1 or G or H1.
For electromechanical instruments:
B + D or B + E or B + F or G or H1.
For electronic systems or systems containing software:
B + D or B + F or G or H1.
X or Y
as specified by the manufacturer.
XI, XII, XIII & XIV
and
Y(I), Y(II), Y(a) & Y(b)
which shall be specified by the manufacturer.
The manufacturer shall specify the factor (x), where (x) shall be ≤ 2 and in the form 1 × 10k, 2 × 10k or 5 × 10k, where k is a negative whole number or zero.
Category Y applies to all other automatic catchweighers.
Net Load (m) in verification scale intervals (e) | Maximum permissible mean error | Maximum permissible error | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
XI | Y(I) | XII | Y(II) | XIII | Y(a) | XIV | Y(b) | X | Y |
0 < m ≤ 50 000 | 0 < m ≤ 5 000 | 0 < m ≤ 500 | 0 < m ≤ 50 | ± 0,5 e | ± 1 e | ||||
50 000 < m ≤ 200 000 | 5 000 < m ≤ 20 000 | 500 < m ≤ 2 000 | 50 < m ≤ 200 | ± 1,0 e | ± 1,5 e | ||||
200 000 < m | 20 000 < m ≤ 100 000 | 2 000 < m ≤ 10 000 | 200 < m ≤ 1 000 | ± 1,5 e | ± 2 e |
Maximum permissible value for the standard deviation of a class X (x) instrument is the result of the multiplication of the factor (x) by the value in Table 2 below.
For class XI and XII (x) shall be less than 1. | |
For class XIII (x) shall be not greater than 1. | |
For class XIV (x) shall be greater than 1. | |
Net Load (m) | Maximum permissible standard deviation for class X(1) |
---|---|
m ≤ 50 g | 0,48 % |
50 g < m ≤ 100 g | 0,24 g |
100 g < m ≤ 200 g | 0,24 % |
200 g < m ≤ 300 g | 0,48 g |
300 g < m ≤ 500 g | 0,16 % |
500 g < m ≤ 1 000 g | 0,8 g |
1 000 g < m ≤ 10 000 g | 0,08 % |
10 000 g < m ≤ 15 000 g | 8 g |
15 000 g < m | 0,053 % |
Accuracy classes | Verification scale interval | Number of verification scale intervals n = Max/e | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Minimum | Maximum | |||
XI | Y(I) | 0,001 g ≤ e | 50 000 | — |
XII | Y(II) | 0,001 g ≤ e ≤ 0,05 g | 100 | 100 000 |
0,1 g ≤ e | 5 000 | 100 000 | ||
XIII | Y(a) | 0,1 g ≤ e ≤ 2 g | 100 | 10 000 |
5 g ≤ e | 500 | 10 000 | ||
XIV | Y(b) | 5 g ≤ e | 100 | 1 000 |
a For i = r the corresponding column of Table 3 applies with e replaced by er. | ||||
Where: i = 1, 2, … r i = partial weighing range r = total number of partial ranges | ||||
Accuracy classes | Verification scale interval | Number of verification scale intervals n = Max/e | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Minimum valuean = Maxi/e(i+1) | Maximum valuen = Maxi/ei | |||
XI | Y(I) | 0,001 g ≤ ei | 50 000 | — |
XII | Y(II) | 0,001 g ≤ ei ≤ 0,05 g | 5 000 | 100 000 |
0,1 g ≤ ei | 5 000 | 100 000 | ||
XIII | Y(a) | 0,1 g ≤ ei | 500 | 10 000 |
XIV | Y(b) | 5 g ≤ ei | 50 | 1 000 |
In specifying the measurement range for class Y instruments the manufacturer shall take account that the minimum capacity shall not be less than:
:
100 e
:
20 e for 0,001 g ≤ e ≤ 0,05 g, and 50 e for 0,1 g ≤ e
:
20 e
:
10 e
:
5 e
For automatic operation; as specified in Tables 1, and 2,
For static weighing in non-automatic operation; as specified in Table 1.
For each load in automatic operation; as specified in Table 1,
For static weighing in non-automatic operation; as specified for category X in Table 1.
For class XI and Y(I) the minimum range is 5° C,
For class XII and Y(II) the minimum range is 15° C.
Note: | |
The calculated deviation of each fill from the average may be adjusted to take account for the effect of material particle size. | |
Value of the mass, m (g), of the fills | Maximum permissible deviation of each fill from theaverage for class X(1) |
---|---|
m ≤ 50 | 7,2 % |
50 < m ≤ 100 | 3,6 g |
100 < m ≤ 200 | 3,6 % |
200 < m ≤ 300 | 7,2 g |
300 < m ≤ 500 | 2,4 % |
500 < m ≤ 1 000 | 12 g |
1 000 < m ≤ 10 000 | 1,2 % |
10 000 < m ≤ 15 000 | 120 g |
15 000 < m | 0,8 % |
For instruments where it is possible to pre-set a fill weight; the maximum difference between the pre-set value and the average mass of the fills shall not exceed 0,312 of the maximum permissible deviation of each fill from the average, as specified in Table 5.
Instruments are divided into four accuracy classes as follows: 0,2, 0,5, 1, 2.
Accuracy class | MPE of totalised load |
---|---|
0,2 | ± 0,10 % |
0,5 | ± 0,25 % |
1 | ± 0,50 % |
2 | ± 1,00 % |
The totalisation scale interval (dt) shall be in the range:
0,01 % Max ≤ dt ≤ 0,2 % Max
The minimum totalised load (Σmin) shall be not less than the load at which the MPE is equal to the totalisation scale interval (dt) and not less than the minimum load as specified by the manufacturer.
Instruments that do not tare weigh after each discharge shall have a zero setting device. Automatic operation shall be inhibited if zero indication varies by:
1 dt on instruments with automatic zero setting device;
0,5 dt on instruments with a semi-automatic, or non-automatic, zero setting device.
Operator adjustments and reset function shall be inhibited during automatic operation.
On instruments equipped with a printing device, the reset of the total shall be inhibited until the total is printed. The printout of the total shall occur if automatic operation is interrupted.
Load (m) in totalisation scale intervals (dt) | MPE |
---|---|
0 < m ≤ 500 | ± 0,5 dt |
500 < m ≤ 2 000 | ± 1,0 dt |
2 000 < m ≤ 10 000 | ± 1,5 dt |
Instruments are divided into three accuracy classes as follows: 0,5, 1, 2.
800 d for class 0,5,
400 d for class 1,
200 d for class 2.
Where d is the totalisation scale interval of the general totalisation device.
Accuracy class | MPE for totalised load |
---|---|
0,5 | ± 0,25 % |
1 | ± 0,5 % |
2 | ± 1,0 % |
The speed of the belt shall be specified by the manufacturer. For single-speed beltweighers, and variable-speed beltweighers having a manual speed setting control, the speed shall not vary by more than 5 % of the nominal value. The product shall not have a different speed than the speed of the belt.
It shall not be possible to reset the general totalisation device to zero.
Instruments are divided into four accuracy classes as follows:
0,2, 0,5, 1, 2.
Accuracy class | MPE |
---|---|
0,2 | ± 0,1 % |
0,5 | ± 0,25 % |
1 | ± 0,5 % |
2 | ± 1,0 % |
the value calculated according to Table 9, rounded to the nearest scale interval;
the value calculated according to Table 9, rounded to the nearest scale interval for a weight equal to 35 % of the maximum wagon weight (as inscribed on the descriptive markings);
one scale interval (d).
the value calculated according to Table 9, rounded to the nearest scale interval;
the value calculated according to Table 9, for the weight of a single wagon equal to 35 % of the maximum wagon weight (as inscribed on the descriptive markings) multiplied by the number of reference wagons (not exceeding 10) in the train, and rounded to the nearest scale interval;
one scale interval (d) for each wagon in the train, but not exceeding 10 d.
The relationship between the accuracy class and the scale interval shall be as specified in Table 10.
Accuracy class | Scale interval (d) |
---|---|
0,2 | d ≤ 50 kg |
0,5 | d ≤ 100 kg |
1 | d ≤ 200 kg |
2 | d ≤ 500 kg |
Load (m) in verification scale intervals (d) | MPE |
---|---|
0 < m ≤ 500 | ± 0,5 d |
500 < m ≤ 2 000 | ± 1,0 d |
2 000 < m ≤ 10 000 | ± 1,5 d |
The relevant requirements of Annex 1, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex apply to taximeters.
A device that works together with a signal generator(4) to make a measuring instrument.
This device measures duration, calculates distance on the basis of a signal delivered by the distance signal generator. Additionally, it calculates and displays the fare to be paid for a trip on the basis of the calculated distance and/or the measured duration of the trip.
The total amount of money due for a trip based on a fixed initial hire fee and/or the length and/or the duration of the trip. The fare does not include a supplement charged for extra services.
The speed value found by division of a time tariff value by a distance tariff value.
Fare calculation based on application of the time tariff below the cross-over speed and application of the distance tariff above the cross-over speed.
Fare calculation based on simultaneous application of time tariff and distance tariff over the whole trip.
The different modes in which a taximeter fulfils the different parts of its functioning. The operating positions are distinguished by the following indications:
:
The operating position in which the fare calculation is disabled
:
The operating position in which the fare calculation takes place on the basis of a possible initial charge and a tariff for distance travelled and/or time of the trip
:
The operating position in which the fare due for the trip is indicated and at least the fare calculation based on time is disabled.
operation position: ‘For Hire’, ‘Hired’ or ‘Stopped’;
totaliser data according to paragraph 15.1;
general information: constant of the distance signal generator, date of securing, taxi identifier, real time, identification of the tariff;
fare information for a trip: total charged, fare, calculation of the fare, supplement charge, date, start time, finish time, distance travelled;
tariff(s) information: parameters of tariff(s).
National legislation may require certain devices to be connected to the interface(s) of a taximeter. Where such a device is required; it shall be possible, by secured setting, to inhibit automatically the operation of the taximeter for reasons of the non-presence or improper functioning of the required device.
a minimum temperature range of 80 °C for the climatic environment;
the limits of the DC power supply for which the instrument has been designed.
For the time elapsed: ± 0,1 %
minimum value of mpe: 0,2s;
For the distance travelled: ± 0,2 %
minimum value of mpe: 4 m;
For the calculation of the fare: ± 0,1 %
minimum, including rounding: corresponding to the least significant digit of the fare indication.
continue to work correctly or resume its correct functioning without loss of data available before the voltage drop if the voltage drop is temporary, i.e. due to restarting the engine;
abort an existing measurement and return to the position ‘For Hire’ if the voltage drop is for a longer period.
The total distance travelled by the taxi;
The total distance travelled when hired;
The total number of hirings;
The total amount of money charged as supplements;
The total amount of money charged as fare.
The totalised values shall include the values saved according to paragraph 9 under conditions of loss of power supply.
distance of the trip;
duration of the trip;
time of the day;
date;
day of the week.
The timekeeping shall have an accuracy of 0,02 %;
The correction possibility of the clock shall be not more than 2 minutes per week. Correction for summer and wintertime shall be performed automatically;
Correction, automatic or manually, during a trip shall be prevented.
Distance travelled:
in the United Kingdom and Ireland: until the date which will be fixed by these Member States according to Article (1)(b) of Directive 80/181/EEC: kilometres or miles;
in all other Member States: kilometres.
Time elapsed:
seconds, minutes or hours, as may be suitable; keeping in mind the necessary resolution and the need to prevent misunderstandings.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
B + F or B + D or H1.
The relevant essential requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this chapter, apply to material measures of length defined below. However, the requirement for the supply of a copy of declarations of conformity may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than each individual instruments.
An instrument comprising scale marks whose distances are given in legal units of length.
L is the value of the length rounded up to the next whole metre; and
a and b are given in Table 1 below.
When a terminal interval is bounded by a surface, the MPE for any distance beginning at this point is increased by the value c given in Table 1.
a Applies to the tape/dip weight combinations. | |||
b If the nominal tape length exceeds 30 m, an additional mpe of 0,75 mm shall be permitted for each 30 m of tape length. | |||
Accuracy Class | a (mm) | b | c (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
I | 0,1 | 0,1 | 0,1 |
II | 0,3 | 0,2 | 0,2 |
III | 0,6 | 0,4 | 0,3 |
D — special class for dipping tapesa Up to and including 30 mb | 1,5 | zero | zero |
S — special class for tank strapping tapes For each 30 m length when the tape is supported on a flat surface | 1,5 | zero | zero |
Dip tapes may also be of Classes I or II in which case for any length between two scale marks, one of which is on the sinker and the other on the tape, the mpe is ± 0,6 mm when application of the formula gives a value of less than 0,6 mm.
The MPE for the length between consecutive scale marks, and the maximum permissible difference between two consecutive intervals, are given in Table 2 below.
Length i of the interval | MPE or difference in millimetres according to accuracy class | ||
---|---|---|---|
I | II | III | |
i ≤ 1 mm | 0,1 | 0,2 | 0,3 |
1 mm < i ≤ 1 cm | 0,2 | 0,4 | 0,6 |
Where a rule is of the folding type, the jointing shall be such as not to cause any errors, supplementary to those above, exceeding: 0,3 mm for Class II, and 0,5 mm for Class III.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
F 1 or D1 or B + D or H or G.
The relevant essential requirements of Annex I, and the specific requirements and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this chapter, apply to capacity serving measures defined below. However, the requirement for the supply of a copy of declarations of conformity may be interpreted as applying to a batch or consignment rather than each individual instrument. Also, the requirement for the instrument to bear information in respect of its accuracy shall not apply.
A capacity measure (such as a drinking glass, jug or thimble measure) designed to determine a specified volume of a liquid (other than a pharmaceutical product) which is sold for immediate consumption.
A capacity serving measure marked with a line to indicate nominal capacity.
A capacity serving measure for which the internal volume is equal to the nominal capacity.
A capacity serving measure from which it is intended that the liquid is decanted prior to consumption.
The capacity is the internal volume for brim measures or internal volume to a filling mark for line measures.
Line | Brim | |
---|---|---|
Transfer measures | ||
< 100 ml | ± 2 ml | – 0 + 4 ml |
≥ 100 ml | ± 3 % | – 0 + 6 % |
Serving measures | ||
< 200 ml | ± 5 % | – 0 + 10 % |
≥ 200 ml | ± 5 ml + 2,5 % | – 0 + 10 ml + 5 % |
Capacity serving measures shall be made of material which is sufficiently rigid and dimensionally stable to maintain capacity within the MPE.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
A1 or F1 or D1 or E1 or B + E or B + D or H.
The relevant essential requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to dimensional measuring instruments of the types defined below.
A length measuring instrument serves for the determination of the length of rope-type materials (e.g. textiles, bands, cables) during feed motion of the product to be measured.
An area measuring instrument serves for the determination of the area of irregular shaped objects, e.g. for leather.
A multi-dimensional measuring instrument serves for the determination of the edge length (length, height, width) of the smallest enclosing rectangular parallelepiped of a product.
the change in measurement result is no greater than the critical change value as defined in paragraph 2.3; or
it is impossible to perform any measurement; or
there are momentary variations in the measurement result that cannot be interpreted, memorised or transmitted as a measuring result; or
there are variations in the measurement result severe enough to be noticed by all those interested in the measurement result.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
For mechanical or electromechanical instruments:
F1 or E1 or D1 or B + F or B + E or B + D or H or H1 or G.
For electronic instruments or instruments containing software:
B + F or B + D or H1 or G.
=
ε · (GA + 2,2 N/m2), where
ε is the relative elongation of a cloth specimen 1 m wide at a tensile force of 10 N,
GA is the weight force per unit area of a cloth specimen in N/m2.
Dimensions and K-factor, where applicable, within the range specified by the manufacturer for the instrument. The ranges of K-factor are given in Table 1:
Group | Range of K | Product |
---|---|---|
I | 0 < K < 2 × 10-2 N/m2 | low stretchability |
II | 2 × 10-2 N/m2 < K < 8 × 10-2 N/m2 | medium stretchability |
III | 8 × 10-2 N/m2 < K < 24 × 10-2 N/m2 | high stretchability |
IV | 24 × 10-2 N/m2 < K | very high stretchability |
Table 2 | |
Accuracy class | MPE |
---|---|
I | 0,125 %, but not less than 0,005 Lm |
II | 0,25 %, but not less than 0,01 Lm |
III | 0,5 %, but not less than 0,02 Lm |
Where Lm is the minimum measurable length, that is to say the smallest length specified by the manufacturer for which the instrument is intended to be used.
The true length value of the different types of materials should be measured using suitable instruments (e.g. tapes of length). Thereby, the material which is going to be measured should be laid out on a suitable underlay (e.g. a suitable table) straight and unstretched.
Dimensions within the range specified by the manufacturer for the instrument.
The manufacturer shall specify the limitations of the instruments due to the speed, and thickness of the surface conditions if relevant, of the product.
The MPE is 1,0 %, but not less than 1 dm2.
In the case of pulling back or stopping the product, it should not be possible to have an error of measurement or the display must be blanked.
The instruments must have a scale interval of 1,0 dm2. In addition, it must be possible to have a scale interval of 0,1 dm2 for testing purposes.
Dimensions within the range specified by the manufacturer for the instrument.
The lower limit of the minimum dimension for all values of the scale interval is given in Table 1.
Scale interval (d) | Minimum dimension (min)(lower limit) |
---|---|
d ≤ 2 cm | 10 d |
2 cm < d ≤ 10 cm | 20 d |
10 cm < d | 50 d |
The speed must be within the range specified by the manufacturer for the instrument.
The MPE is ± 1,0 d.
The relevant requirements of Annex I, the specific requirements of this Annex and the conformity assessment procedures listed in this Annex, apply to exhaust gas analysers defined below intended for inspection and professional maintenance of motor vehicles in use.
An exhaust gas analyser is a measuring instrument that serves to determine the volume fractions of specified components of the exhaust gas of a motor vehicle engine with spark ignition at the moisture level of the sample analysed.
These gas components are carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2) and hydrocarbons (HC).
The content of hydrocarbons has to be expressed as concentration of n-hexane (C6H14), measured with near-infrared absorption techniques.
The volume fractions of the gas components are expressed as a percentage (% vol) for CO, CO2 and O2 and in parts per million (ppm vol).
Moreover, an exhaust gas analyser calculates the lambda value from the volume fractions of the components of the exhaust gas.
Lambda is a dimensionless value representative of the burning efficiency of an engine in terms of air/fuel ratio in the exhaust gases. It is determined with a reference standardised formula.
Classes and measuring ranges
Parameter | Classes 0 and I |
---|---|
CO fraction | from 0 to 5 % vol |
CO2 fraction | from 0 to 16 % vol |
HC fraction | from 0 to 2 000 ppm vol |
O2 fraction | from 0 to 21 % vol |
λ | from 0,8 to 1,2 |
A minimum temperature range of 35 °C for the climatic environment;
The mechanical environment class that applies is M1.
The voltage and frequency range for the AC voltage supply;
The limits of the DC voltage supply.
The minimum and the maximum values of the ambient pressure are for both classes: pmin ≤ 860 hPa, pmax ≥ 1 060 hPa.
MPEs
Parameter | Class 0 | Class I |
---|---|---|
CO fraction | ± 0,03 % vol ± 5 % | ± 0,06 % vol ± 5 % |
CO2 fraction | ± 0,5 % vol ± 5 % | ± 0,5 % vol ± 5 % |
HC fraction | ± 10 ppm vol ± 5 % | ± 12 ppm vol ± 5 % |
O2 fraction | ± 0,1 % vol ± 5 % | ± 0,1 % vol ± 5 % |
For this purpose, the values displayed by the instrument are used for calculation.
either the change in the measurement result is not greater than the critical change value laid down in paragraph 4;
or the presentation of the measurement result is such that it cannot be taken for a valid result.
Resolution
a 0,01 % vol for measurand values below or equal to 4 % vol, otherwise 0,1 % vol. | ||||
CO | CO2 | O2 | HC | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Class 0 and class I | 0,01 % vol | 0,1 % vol | a | 1 ppm vol |
The lambda value shall be displayed with a resolution of 0,001.
6 % vol CO,
16 % vol CO2,
10 % vol O2,
5 % vol H2,
0,3 % vol NO,
2 000 ppm vol HC (as n-hexane),
water vapor up to saturation.
The conformity assessment procedures referred to in Article 9 that the manufacturer can choose between are:
B + F or B + D or H1.
OJ L 316, 31.10.1992, p. 12. Directive abolished by Directive 2003/96/EC (OJ L 283, 31.10.2003, p. 51).
OJ L 42, 15.2.1975, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 89/676/EEC (OJ L 398, 30.12.1989, p. 18).
OJ L 46, 21.2.1976, p. 1. Directive as last amended by the EEA Agreement.
The distance signal generator is outside the scope of this Directive.