Regulation 9
[SCHEDULE 5SBUILDING STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
SECTION 1:SSTRUCTURE
StructureS
1.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the loadings that are liable to act on it, taking into account the nature of the ground, will not lead to:
(a)the collapse of the whole or part of the building;
(b)deformations which would make the building unfit for its intended use, unsafe, or cause damage to other parts of the building or to fittings or to installed equipment; or
(c)impairment of the stability of any part of another building.
Disproportionate collapseS
1.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of damage occurring to any part of the structure of the building the extent of any resultant collapse will not be disproportionate to the original cause.
SECTION 2:SFIRE
CompartmentationS
2.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, fire and smoke are inhibited from spreading beyond the compartment of origin until any occupants have had the time to leave that compartment and any fire containment measures have been initiated.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.
SeparationS
2.2 Every building, which is divided into more than one area of different occupation, must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, fire and smoke are inhibited from spreading beyond the area of occupation where the fire originated.
Structural protectionS
2.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the load-bearing capacity of the building will continue to function until all occupants have escaped, or been assisted to escape, from the building and any fire containment measures have been initiated.
CavitiesS
2.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the unseen spread of fire and smoke within concealed spaces in its structure and fabric is inhibited.
Internal liningsS
2.5 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the development of fire and smoke from the surfaces of walls and ceilings within the area of origin is inhibited.
Spread to neighbouring buildingsS
2.6 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the spread of fire to neighbouring buildings is inhibited.
Spread on external wallsS
2.7 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, or from an external source, the spread of fire on the external walls of the building is inhibited.
Spread from neighbouring buildingsS
2.8 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire in a neighbouring building, the spread of fire to the building is inhibited.
EscapeS
2.9 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the occupants, once alerted to the outbreak of the fire, are provided with the opportunity to escape from the building, before being affected by fire or smoke.
Escape lightingS
2.10 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, illumination is provided to assist in escape.
CommunicationS
2.11 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, the occupants are alerted to the outbreak of fire.
LimitationS
...
[Fire and rescue service accessS
2.12 Every building must be accessible to the fire and rescue service.]
[Fire and rescue service water supplyS
2.13 Every building must be provided with a water supply for use by the fire and rescue service.]
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.
Fire [and rescue] service facilitiesS
2.14 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that facilities are provided to assist fire-fighting or rescue operations.
[Automatic fire suppression systemsS
2.15 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that in the event of an outbreak of fire within the building, fire growth will be inhibited by the operation of an automatic fire suppression system.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to a building which–
(a)is an enclosed shopping centre;
(b)is a residential care building;
(c)is a high rise domestic building;
(d)forms the whole or part of a sheltered housing complex; or
(e)is a school building [, other than a building forming part of an existing school or an extension to a school building where it is not reasonably practicable to install an automatic fire suppression system in that building or extension].]
SECTION 3:SENVIRONMENT
Site preparation – harmful and dangerous substancesS
3.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of people in or around the building due to the presence of harmful or dangerous substances.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to the removal of unsuitable material, including turf, vegetable matter, wood, roots and topsoil on the site of a building (other than a dwelling) intended to have a life not exceeding the period specified in regulation 6.
Site preparation – protection from radon gasS
3.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the health of people in or around the building due to the emission and containment of radon gas.
Flooding and ground waterS
3.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of flooding and the accumulation of ground water.
Moisture from the groundS
3.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of moisture penetration from the ground.
Existing drainsS
3.5 Every building must not be constructed over an existing drain (including a field drain) that is to remain active.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply where it is not reasonably practicable to re-route an existing drain.
Surface water drainageS
3.6 Every building, and hard surface within the curtilage of a building, must be designed and constructed with a surface water drainage system that will–
(a)ensure the disposal of surface water without threatening the building and the health and safety of the people in and around the building; and
(b)have facilities for the separation and removal of silt, grit and pollutants.
Wastewater drainageS
3.7 Every wastewater drainage system serving a building must be designed and constructed in such a way as to ensure the removal of wastewater from the building without threatening the health and safety of the people in and around the building, and–
(a)that facilities for the separation and removal of oil, fat, grease and volatile substances from the system are provided;
(b)that discharge is to a public sewer or public wastewater treatment plant, where it is reasonably practicable to do so; and
(c)where discharge to a public sewer or public wastewater treatment plant is not reasonably practicable that discharge is to a private wastewater treatment plant or septic tank.
LimitationS
Standard 3.7(a) does not apply to a dwelling.
Private wastewater treatment systems – treatment plantsS
3.8 Every private wastewater treatment plant or septic tank serving a building must be designed and constructed in such a way that it will ensure the safe temporary storage and treatment of wastewater prior to discharge.
Private wastewater treatment systems – infiltration systemsS
3.9 Every private wastewater treatment system serving a building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the disposal of the wastewater to ground is safe and is not a threat to the health of the people in or around the building.
PrecipitationS
3.10 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of moisture from precipitation penetrating to the inner face of the building.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to a building where penetration of moisture from the outside will result in effects no more harmful than those likely to arise from use of the building.
Facilities in a dwellingS
3.11 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a)the size of any apartment or kitchen will ensure the welfare and convenience of all occupants and visitors; and
(b)an accessible space is provided to allow for the safe, convenient and sustainable drying of washing.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to a dwelling.
Sanitary facilitiesS
3.12 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that sanitary facilities are provided for all occupants of, and visitors to, the building in a form that allows convenience of use and that there is no threat to the health and safety of occupants or visitors.
HeatingS
3.13 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that it can be heated and maintain heat at temperature levels that will not be a threat to the health of the occupants.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to a dwelling.
[VentilationS
3.14 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that ventilation is provided so that the air quality inside the building is not a threat to the building or the health of the occupants.]
CondensationS
3.15 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the building or the health of the occupants as a result of moisture caused by surface or interstitial condensation.
LimitationS
...
Natural lightingS
3.16 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that natural lighting is provided to ensure that the health of the occupants is not threatened.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to a dwelling.
Combustion appliances – safe operationS
3.17 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each fixed combustion appliance installation operates safely.
Combustion appliances – protection from products of combustionS
3.18 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that any component part of each fixed combustion appliance installation used for the removal of combustion gases will withstand heat generated as a result of its operation without any structural change that would impair the stability or performance of the installation.
Combustion appliances – relationship to combustible materialsS
3.19 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that any component part of each fixed combustion appliance installation will not cause damage to the building in which it is installed by radiated, convected or conducted heat or from hot embers expelled from the appliance.
Combustion appliances – removal of products of combustionS
3.20 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the products of combustion are carried safely to the external air without harm to the health of any person through leakage, spillage, or exhaust nor permit the re-entry of dangerous gases from the combustion process of fuels into the building.
Combustion appliances – air for combustionS
3.21 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each fixed combustion appliance installation receives air for combustion and operation of the chimney so that the health of persons within the building is not threatened by the build-up of dangerous gases as a result of incomplete combustion.
Combustion appliances – air for coolingS
3.22 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each fixed combustion appliance installation receives air for cooling so that the fixed combustion appliance installation will operate safely without threatening the health and safety of persons within the building.
Fuel storage – protection from fireS
3.23 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a)an oil storage installation, incorporating oil storage tanks used solely to serve a fixed combustion appliance installation providing space heating or cooking facilities in a building, will inhibit fire from spreading to the tank and its contents from within, or beyond, the boundary; or
(b)a container for the storage of woody biomass fuel will inhibit fire from spreading to its contents from within or beyond the boundary.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to portable containers.
Fuel storage – containmentS
3.24 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a)an oil storage installation, incorporating oil storage tanks used solely to serve a fixed combustion appliance installation providing space heating or cooking facilities in a building, will–
(i)reduce the risk of oil escaping from the installation;
(ii)contain any oil spillage likely to contaminate any water supply, groundwater, watercourse, drain or sewer; and
(iii)permit any spill to be disposed of safely.
(b)it allows the number of journeys by delivery vehicles to be minimised due to the volume of woody biomass fuel storage.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to portable containers.
Solid waste storageS
3.25 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that accommodation for solid waste storage is provided which–
(a)permits access for storage and for the removal of its contents;
(b)does not threaten the health of people in and around the building; and
(c)does not contaminate any water supply, ground water or surface water.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to a [flat or maisonette].
Dungsteads and farm effluent tanksS
3.26 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that there will not be a threat to the health and safety of people from a dungstead and farm effluent tank.
[Water efficiencyS
3.27 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that sanitary facilities with water efficient fittings which are designed for the prevention of undue consumption of water are installed.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to dwellings.]
SECTION 4:SSAFETY
Access to buildingsS
4.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that all occupants and visitors are provided with safe, convenient and unassisted means of access to the building.
LimitationS
There is no requirement to provide access for a wheelchair user to–
(a)a house, between either the point of access to or from any car parking within the curtilage of a building and an entrance to the house where it is not reasonably practicable to do so; or
(b)a common entrance of a domestic building not served by a lift, where there are no dwellings entered from a common area on the entrance storey.
Access within buildingsS
4.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a)in non-domestic buildings, safe, unassisted and convenient means of access is provided throughout the building;
(b)in residential buildings, a proportion of the rooms intended to be used as bedrooms must be accessible to a wheelchair user;
(c)in domestic buildings, safe and convenient means of access is provided within common areas and to each dwelling;
(d)in dwellings, safe and convenient means of access is provided throughout the dwelling; and
(e)in dwellings, unassisted means of access is provided to, and throughout, at least one level.
LimitationS
There is no requirement to provide access suitable for a wheelchair user–
(a)in a non-domestic building not served by a lift, to a room, intended to be used as a bedroom, that is not on an entrance storey; or
(b)in a domestic building not served by a lift, within common areas and to each dwelling, other than on an entrance storey.
Stairs and rampsS
4.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that every level can be reached safely by stairs or ramps.
Pedestrian protective barriersS
4.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that every sudden change of level that is accessible in, or around, the building is guarded by the provision of pedestrian protective barriers.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply where the provision of pedestrian protective barriers would obstruct the use of areas so guarded.
Electrical safetyS
4.5 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the electrical installation does not–
(a)threaten the health and safety of the people in, and around, the building; and
(b)become a source of fire.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to an electrical installation–
(a)serving a building or any part of a building to which the Mines and Quarries Act 1954 or the Factories Act 1961 applies; or
(b)forming part of the works of an undertaker to which regulations for the supply and distribution of electricity made under the Electricity Act 1989 apply.
Electrical fixturesS
4.6 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that electric lighting points and socket outlets are provided to ensure the health, safety and convenience of occupants and visitors.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to domestic buildings where a supply of electricity is available.
Aids to communicationS
4.7 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that it is provided with aids to assist those with a hearing impairment.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.
Danger from accidentsS
4.8 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a)people in and around the building are protected from injury that could result from fixed glazing, projections or moving elements on the building;
(b)fixed glazing in the building is not vulnerable to breakage where there is the possibility of impact by people in and around the building;
(c)both faces of a window and rooflight in a building are capable of being cleaned such that there will not be a threat to the cleaner from a fall resulting in severe injury;
(d)a safe and secure means of access is provided to a roof; and
(e)manual controls for ventilation and for electrical fixtures can be operated safely.
LimitationS
Standard 4.8(d) does not apply to domestic buildings.
Danger from heatS
4.9 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that protection is provided for people in, and around, the building from the danger of severe burns or scalds from the discharge of steam or hot water.
Fixed seatingS
4.10 Every building, which contains fixed seating accommodation for an audience or spectators, must be designed and constructed in such a way that a number of level spaces for wheelchairs are provided proportionate to the potential audience or spectators.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to domestic buildings.
Liquefied petroleum gas storageS
4.11 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each liquefied petroleum gas storage installation, used solely to serve a combustion appliance providing space heating, water heating, or cooking facilities, will–
(a)be protected from fire spreading to any liquefied petroleum gas container; and
(b)not permit the contents of any such container to form explosive gas pockets in the vicinity of any container.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to a liquefied petroleum gas storage container, or containers, for use with portable appliances.
Vehicle protective barriersS
4.12 Every building accessible to vehicular traffic must be designed and constructed in such a way that every change in level is guarded.
[SecurityS
4.13 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that doors and windows, vulnerable to unlawful entry, can be secured to deter housebreaking and protect the safety and welfare of occupants.
LimitationS
This standard applies only to domestic buildings.]
SECTION 5:SNOISE
[Noise separationS
5.1 Every building, which is divided into more than one area of different occupation, must be designed and constructed in such a way to limit the transmission of source noise from normal domestic type activities, between such areas, to a level that will not threaten the health of, or cause inconvenience to the building occupants.
LimitationS
This standard only applies to a building in different occupation incorporating—
(a)attached dwellings;
(b)attached residential buildings; or
(c)a roof, walkway or access deck located directly above an area that is either a dwelling or a residential building.
Noise reduction between roomsS
5.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way to limit the transmission of source noise from normal domestic type activities, through a wall or floor, between a room and internal space where noise is likely to occur, to a level that will not cause inconvenience to the building occupants.
LimitationS
This standard only applies to a wall or floor forming an apartment in a dwelling and a room in a residential building which is capable of being used for sleeping; other than—
(a)a wall between an en-suite bathroom and the apartment or room it serves;
(b)a hospital; or
(c)a place of lawful detention.]
SECTION 6:SENERGY
Carbon dioxide emissionsS
6.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
[(a)the energy performance is estimated in accordance with a methodology of calculation approved under regulation 7(a) of the Energy Performance of Buildings (Scotland) Regulations 2008 ;]
(b)the energy performance of the building is capable of reducing carbon dioxide emissions.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
[(a)alterations and extensions to buildings, other than alterations and extensions to stand-alone buildings having an area less than 50 square metres that would increase the area to 50 square metres or more, or alterations to buildings involving the fit-out of the building shell which is the subject of a continuing requirement;]
(b)conversions of buildings;
(c)non-domestic buildings and buildings that are ancillary to a dwelling that are stand-alone having an area less than 50 square metres;
(d)buildings, which will not be heated or cooled other than by heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; or
(e)limited life buildings which have an intended life of less than 2 years.
Building insulation envelopeS
6.2 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that an insulation envelope is provided which reduces heat loss.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)non-domestic buildings which will not be heated, other than heating provided solely for the purposes of frost protection;
(b)communal parts of domestic buildings which will not be heated, other than heating provided solely for the purposes of frost protection; or
(c)buildings which are ancillary to dwellings, other than conservatories, which are either unheated or provided with heating which is solely for the purpose of frost protection.
Heating systemS
6.3 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the heating and hot water service systems installed are energy efficient and are capable of being controlled to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)buildings which do not use fuel or power for controlling the temperature of the internal environment;
(b)heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; or
(c)individual solid-fuel or oil-firing stoves or open-fires, gas or electric fires or room heaters (excluding electric storage and panel heaters) provided as secondary heating in domestic buildings.
Insulation of pipes, ducts and vesselsS
6.4 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that temperature loss from heated pipes, ducts and vessels, and temperature gain to cooled pipes and ducts, is resisted.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)buildings which do not use fuel or power for heating or cooling either the internal environment or water services;
[(b)buildings, or parts of a building, which will not be heated, other than heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; or
(c)pipes, ducts or vessels that form part of an isolated industrial or commercial process.]
Artificial and display lightingS
6.5 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that the artificial or display lighting installed is energy efficient and is capable of being controlled to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
[LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)process and emergency lighting components in a building; or
(b)alterations to a dwelling or a building ancillary to a dwelling.]
Mechanical ventilation and air conditioningS
6.6 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
(a)the form and fabric of the building minimises the use of mechanical ventilating or cooling systems for cooling purposes; and
(b)... the ventilating and cooling systems installed are energy efficient and are capable of being controlled to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to buildings which do not use fuel or power for ventilating or cooling the internal environment.
Commissioning building servicesS
6.7 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that energy supply systems and building services which use fuel or power for heating, lighting, ventilating and cooling the internal environment and heating the water, are commissioned to achieve optimum energy efficiency.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)major power plants serving the National Grid;
(b)the process and emergency lighting components of a building;
(c)heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection; or
(d)energy supply systems used solely for industrial and commercial processes, leisure use and emergency use within a building.
Written informationS
6.8 The occupiers of a building must be provided with written information by the owner–
(a)on the operation and maintenance of the building services and energy supply systems; and
(b)where any air conditioning system in the building is subject to regulation 17, stating a time based interval for inspection of the system.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)major power plants serving the National Grid;
(b)buildings which do not use fuel or power for heating, lighting, ventilating and cooling the internal environment and heating the water supply services;
(c)the process and emergency lighting components of a building;
(d)heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection;
(e)lighting... systems in a domestic building; or
(f)energy supply systems used solely for industrial and commercial processes, leisure use and emergency use within a building.
Energy Performance CertificatesS
6.9 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that–
[(a) an energy performance certificate for the building is affixed to the building; and]
(c)the energy performance certificate is displayed in a prominent place within the building.
LimitationS
(a)This standard does not apply to–
(i)buildings which do not use fuel or power for controlling the temperature of the internal environment;
(ii)non-domestic buildings and buildings that are ancillary to a dwelling that are stand-alone having an area less than 50 square metres;
(iii)conversions, alterations and extensions to buildings; or
(iv)limited life buildings which have an intended life of less than 2 years.
[(b)Standard 6.9(c) only applies to buildings—
(i)with a floor area of more than 500 square metres;
(ii)into which members of the public have an express or implied licence to enter; and
(iii)which are visited by members of the public on at least a weekly basis.]
MeteringS
6.10 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that each [building, or] part of a building designed for different occupation is fitted with fuel [and power] meters.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to–
(a)communal areas of buildings in different occupation;
(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(c)heating fired by solid fuel or biomass; or
(d)heating for individual dwellings fired by LPG or oil.
[SECTION 7: SSUSTAINABILITY
Statement of sustainabilityS
7.1 Every building must be designed and constructed in such a way that—
(a)with regard to a dwelling [or school building containing classrooms], a level of sustainability specified by the Scottish Ministers in respect of carbon dioxide emissions, resource use, building flexibility, adaptability and occupant well-being is achieved;
(b)with regard to a non-domestic building, [other than a school building containing classrooms,] a level of sustainability specified by the Scottish Ministers in respect of carbon dioxide emissions is achieved; and
(c)a statement of the level of sustainability achieved is affixed to the dwelling or non-domestic building.
LimitationS
This standard does not apply to—
(a)alterations and extensions to buildings...;
(b)conversions of buildings;
(c)buildings that are ancillary to a dwelling that are stand-alone having an area less than 50 square metres;
(d)buildings which will not be heated or cooled other than by heating provided solely for the purpose of frost protection;
(e)buildings intended to have a life not exceeding the period specified in regulation 6; or
(f)conservatories.]]