Words in s. 52(1)(a) inserted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(a)(i) (with Sch. 9 para. 17)

Words in s. 52(1)(a) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(a)(ii) (with Sch. 9 para. 17

Words in s. 52(1)(b)(c)(d) inserted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(b); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

Words in s. 52(2) inserted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(c); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

Word in s. 52(2) substituted (7.10.2005) by Protection of Children and Prevention of Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2005 (asp 9), ss. 16(2), 20(2); S.S.I. 2005/480, art. 2

S. 52(2A)-(2C) added (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(d); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

Words in s. 52(3)(a) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(e)(i); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

Words in s. 52(3) substituted (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 40, ss. 5, 7(2), Sch. 4 para. 44(3)

Words in s. 52(3)(b) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(e)(ii); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

Words in s. 52(3)(b) substituted (27.6.2003) by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2003 (asp 7), ss. 19(1)(a), 89(2); S.S.I. 2003/288, art. 2, sch.

Words in s. 52(4)(5)(a)(b) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(f); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

Words inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33, SIF 39:2), s. 170(1) Sch. 15 para. 89

S. 52(8)(c) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 33, s. 84(6)(g); S.I. 1995/127, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

S. 52(2)-(2C) applied (1.5.2004) by Sexual Offences Act 2003 (c. 42), s. 141, Sch. 3 para. 97(b); S.S.I. 2004/138, art. 2; S.I. 2004/874, art. 2

The text of ss. 16, 18(11), 51(7) and 52(6) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.

S. 52(8) applied (1.5.2004) by Sexual Offences Act 2003 (c. 42), s. 141, Sch. 3 para. 97(b); S.S.I. 2004/138, art. 2; S.I. 2004/874, art. 2

1952 c. 67.

1975 c. 21.

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/section/52/2005-10-07Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982An Act to make provision as regards Scotland for the licensing and regulation of certain activities; for the preservation of public order and safety and the prevention crime; for prohibiting the taking of and dealing with indecent photographs of children; as to certain powers of constables and others; as to lost and abandoned property and property in the possession of persons taken into police custody; as to the rights and duties of the owners and users of certain land, buildings and other structures; as to the making by local authorities of byelaws; and to enable them to make management rules applying to land or premises under their control; as to certain other functions of local authorities and their officers; as to the time when the Burgh Police (Scotland) Acts 1892 to 1911 and certain local statutory provisions cease to have effect; and for connected purposes.]1982-11-01texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2024-09-09Expert Participation2005-10-07Part IV Offences, Powers of Constables, etc. Offences of annoying, offensive, obstructive or dangerous behaviour
52 Indecent photographs etc. of children.(1)

Any person who—

(a)

takes, or permits to be taken or makes, any indecent photograph or pseudo-photograph of a child

(b)

distributes or shows such an indecent photograph or pseudo-photograph;

(c)

has in his possession such an indecent photograph or pseudo-photographwith a view to its being distributed or shown by himself or others: or

(d)

publishes or causes to be published any advertisement likely to be understood as conveying that the advertiser distributes or shows such an indecent photograph or pseudo-photograph, or intends to do so

shall be guilty of an offence under this section.

(2)

In subsection (1) above “child” means, subject to subsection (2B) below, a person under the age of 18; and in proceedings under this section a person is to be taken as having been a child at any material time if it appears from the evidence as a whole that he was then under the age of 18.

(2A)

In this section, “pseudo-photograph” means an image, whether produced by computer-graphics or otherwise howsoever, which appears to be a photograph.

(2B)

If the impression conveyed by a pseudo-photograph is that the person shown is a child, the pseudo-photograph shall be treated for all purposes of this Act as showing a child and so shall a pseudo-photograph where the predominant impression conveyed is that the person shown is a child notwithstanding that some of the physical characteristics shown are those of an adult.

(2C)

In this section, references to an indecent pseudo-photograph include—

(a)

a copy of an indecent pseudo-photograph;

(b)

data stored on a computer disc or by other electronic means which is capable of conversion into a pseudo-photograph.

(3)

A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable—

(a)

on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a period not exceeding 6 months or to a fine not exceeding the prescribed sum within the meaning of section 225(8) of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 (at the passing of this Act £1,000) or to both;

(b)

on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a period not exceeding 10 years or to a fine or to both.

(4)

For the purposes of this section, a person is to be regarded as distributing an indecent photograph or pseudo-photograph if he parts with possession of it to, or exposes or offers it for acquisition by, another person.

(5)

Where a person is charged with an offfence under subsection (1)(b) or (c) above, it shall be a defence for him to prove—

(a)

that he had a legitimate reason for distributing or showing the photograph or pseudo-photograph or (as the case may be) having it in his possession; or

(b)

that he had not himself seen the photograph or pseudo-photograph and did not know, nor had any cause to suspect, it to be indecent.

(6)

In paragraph 2 of the Schedule to the Visiting Forces Act 1952 (offences against the person in the case of which a member of a visiting force is in certain circumstances not liable to be tried by a United Kingdom court) the word “ and” immediately preceding sub-paragraph (b)(iii) shall be omitted and after the said sub-paragraph (b)(iii) there shall be added—(iv)

section 52(1)(a) of the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982.

(7)

References in the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 (except in sections 171 and 368 thereof) and in Part III of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 (children in need of compulsory measures of care) to the offences mentioned in Schedule 1 to that Act shall include an offence under subsection (1)(a) above.

(8)

In this section—

(a)

references to an indecent photograph include an indecent film, a copy of an indecent photograph or film and an indecent photograph comprised in a film;

(b)

a photograph (including one comprised in a film) shall, if it shows a child and is indecent, be treated for all purposes of this section as an indecent photograph of a child;

(c)

references to a photograph include—

(i)

the negative as well as the positive version; and

(ii)

data stored on a computer disc or by other electronic means which is capable of conversion into a photograph.

(d)

film” includes any form of video-recording.

This XML file does not appear to have any style information associated with it. The document tree is shown below.
<akomaNtoso xmlns:uk="https://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/UK-AKN" xmlns:ukl="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/legislation" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0 http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/akn-core/v1.0/cos01/part2-specs/schemas/akomantoso30.xsd">
<act name="ukpga">
<meta>
<identification source="#">
<FRBRWork>
<FRBRthis value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/45"/>
<FRBRuri value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1982/45"/>
<FRBRdate date="1982-10-28" name="enacted"/>
<FRBRauthor href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/legislature/UnitedKingdomParliament"/>
<FRBRcountry value="GB-UKM"/>
<FRBRnumber value="45"/>
<FRBRname value="1982 c. 45"/>
<FRBRprescriptive value="true"/>
</FRBRWork>
<FRBRExpression>
<FRBRthis value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/2005-10-07"/>
<FRBRuri value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/2005-10-07"/>
<FRBRdate date="2005-10-07" name="validFrom"/>
<FRBRauthor href="#"/>
<FRBRlanguage language="eng"/>
</FRBRExpression>
<FRBRManifestation>
<FRBRthis value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/2005-10-07/data.akn"/>
<FRBRuri value="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/2005-10-07/data.akn"/>
<FRBRdate date="2024-11-23Z" name="transform"/>
<FRBRauthor href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk"/>
<FRBRformat value="application/akn+xml"/>
</FRBRManifestation>
</identification>
<lifecycle source="#">
<eventRef refersTo="#enactment" date="1982-10-28" eId="date-enacted" source="#"/>
<eventRef date="2004-05-01" eId="date-2004-05-01" source="#"/>
<eventRef date="2005-10-07" eId="date-2005-10-07" source="#"/>
<eventRef date="2006-02-02" eId="date-2006-02-02" source="#"/>
<eventRef date="2010-12-13" eId="date-2010-12-13" source="#"/>
</lifecycle>
<analysis source="#">
<restrictions source="#">
<restriction refersTo="#extent-e+w+s" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#body" refersTo="#extent-e+w+s" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#part-IV" refersTo="#extent-s" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#part-IV-crossheading-offences-of-annoying-offensive-obstructive-or-dangerous-behaviour" refersTo="#extent-s" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52" refersTo="#extent-s" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction refersTo="#period-from-2005-10-07-to-2006-02-02" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#body" refersTo="#period-from-2005-10-07" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#part-IV" refersTo="#period-from-2005-10-07-to-2010-12-13" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#part-IV-crossheading-offences-of-annoying-offensive-obstructive-or-dangerous-behaviour" refersTo="#period-from-2005-10-07-to-2010-12-13" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52" refersTo="#period-from-2005-10-07-to-2010-12-13" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52-2" refersTo="#period-from-2004-05-01" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52-2A" refersTo="#period-from-2004-05-01" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52-2B" refersTo="#period-from-2004-05-01" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52-2C" refersTo="#period-from-2004-05-01" type="jurisdiction"/>
<restriction href="#section-52-8" refersTo="#period-from-2004-05-01" type="jurisdiction"/>
</restrictions>
<otherAnalysis source="">
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374241"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374251"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374261"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#key-19a5ff9a70b6685a89cdcd754d34e3f9"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374291"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374301"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374311"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374321"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374331"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#key-5525dd370da6d50b2235c63f7aead260"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374341"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374371"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374381"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374391"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374401"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#key-3bd284e968e4d171b1b117a448b34169"/>
<uk:commentary href="#section-52" refersTo="#c13374411"/>
</otherAnalysis>
</analysis>
<temporalData source="#">
<temporalGroup eId="period-from-2004-05-01">
<timeInterval start="#date-2004-05-01" refersTo="#"/>
</temporalGroup>
<temporalGroup eId="period-from-2005-10-07">
<timeInterval start="#date-2005-10-07" refersTo="#"/>
</temporalGroup>
<temporalGroup eId="period-from-2005-10-07-to-2006-02-02">
<timeInterval start="#date-2005-10-07" end="#date-2006-02-02" refersTo="#"/>
</temporalGroup>
<temporalGroup eId="period-from-2005-10-07-to-2010-12-13">
<timeInterval start="#date-2005-10-07" end="#date-2010-12-13" refersTo="#"/>
</temporalGroup>
</temporalData>
<references source="#">
<TLCEvent eId="enactment" href="" showAs="EnactmentDate"/>
<TLCLocation eId="extent-e+w+s" href="" showAs="E+W+S"/>
<TLCLocation eId="extent-s" href="" showAs="S"/>
</references>
<notes source="#">
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374241" marker="F1">
<p>
Words in s. 52(1)(a) inserted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00311" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00312" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/a/i">s. 84(6)(a)(i)</ref>
(with
<ref eId="c00313" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/schedule/9/paragraph/17">Sch. 9 para. 17</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374251" marker="F2">
<p>
Words in s. 52(1)(a) substituted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00315" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00316" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/a/ii">s. 84(6)(a)(ii)</ref>
(with Sch. 9 para. 17
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374261" marker="F3">
<p>
Words in s. 52(1)(b)(c)(d) inserted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00318" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00319" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/b">s. 84(6)(b)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00320" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00321" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00322" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374291" marker="F4">
<p>
Words in s. 52(2) inserted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00324" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00325" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/c">s. 84(6)(c)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00326" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00327" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00328" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c" marker="F5">
<p>
Word in s. 52(2) substituted (7.10.2005) by
<ref eId="cq1y7xrq2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2005/9">Protection of Children and Prevention of Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2005 (asp 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq1y7xrq2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2005/9/section/16/2">ss. 16(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq1y7xrq2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2005/9/section/20/2">20(2)</ref>
;
<ref eId="cq1y7xrq2-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2005/480">S.S.I. 2005/480</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq1y7xrq2-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2005/480/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374301" marker="F6">
<p>
S. 52(2A)-(2C) added (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00330" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00331" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/d">s. 84(6)(d)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00332" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00333" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00334" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374311" marker="F7">
<p>
Words in s. 52(3)(a) substituted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00336" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00337" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/e/i">s. 84(6)(e)(i)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00338" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00339" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00340" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374321" marker="F8">
<p>
Words in s. 52(3) substituted (1.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00342" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40">1995 c. 40</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00343" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/section/5">ss. 5</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00344" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/section/7/2">7(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00345" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/schedule/4/paragraph/44/3">Sch. 4 para. 44(3)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374331" marker="F9">
<p>
Words in s. 52(3)(b) substituted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00347" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00348" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/e/ii">s. 84(6)(e)(ii)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00349" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00350" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00351" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-5525dd370da6d50b2235c63f7aead260" marker="F10">
<p>
Words in s. 52(3)(b) substituted (27.6.2003) by
<ref eId="cq0r7a142-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2003/7">Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2003 (asp 7)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0r7a142-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2003/7/section/19/1/a">ss. 19(1)(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0r7a142-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/asp/2003/7/section/89/2">89(2)</ref>
;
<ref eId="cq0r7a142-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2003/288">S.S.I. 2003/288</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0r7a142-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2003/288/article/2">art. 2</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0r7a142-00012" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2003/288/schedule">sch.</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374341" marker="F11">
<p>
Words in s. 52(4)(5)(a)(b) substituted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00353" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00354" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/f">s. 84(6)(f)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00355" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00356" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00357" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374401" marker="F12">
<p>
Words inserted by
<ref eId="c00360" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1988/33">Criminal Justice Act 1988 (c. 33, SIF 39:2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00361" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1988/33/section/170/1/schedule/15/paragraph/89">s. 170(1) Sch. 15 para. 89</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c13374411" marker="F13">
<p>
S. 52(8)(c) substituted (3.2.1995) by
<ref eId="c00363" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33">1994 c. 33</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00364" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/33/section/84/6/g">s. 84(6)(g)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00365" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127">S.I. 1995/127</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00366" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/article/2/1">art. 2(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00367" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1995/127/schedule/1">Sch. 1</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="key-19a5ff9a70b6685a89cdcd754d34e3f9" marker="C1">
<p>
S. 52(2)-(2C) applied (1.5.2004) by
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00010" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/42">Sexual Offences Act 2003 (c. 42)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/42/section/141">s. 141</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00012" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/42/schedule/3/paragraph/97/b">Sch. 3 para. 97(b)</ref>
;
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00013" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2004/138">S.S.I. 2004/138</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00014" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2004/138/article/2">art. 2</ref>
;
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00015" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/874">S.I. 2004/874</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00016" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/874/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c13374371" marker="C2">
<p>The text of ss. 16, 18(11), 51(7) and 52(6) is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="key-3bd284e968e4d171b1b117a448b34169" marker="C3">
<p>
S. 52(8) applied (1.5.2004) by
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00030" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/42">Sexual Offences Act 2003 (c. 42)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00031" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/42/section/141">s. 141</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00032" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/42/schedule/3/paragraph/97/b">Sch. 3 para. 97(b)</ref>
;
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00033" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2004/138">S.S.I. 2004/138</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00034" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ssi/2004/138/article/2">art. 2</ref>
;
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00035" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/874">S.I. 2004/874</ref>
,
<ref eId="cq0ruiqj2-00036" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/874/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c13374381" marker="M1">
<p>
<ref eId="c00358" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1952/67">1952 c. 67</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c13374391" marker="M2">
<p>
<ref eId="c00359" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1975/21">1975 c. 21</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
</notes>
<proprietary xmlns:ukm="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/metadata" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" source="#">
<dc:identifier>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/section/52/2005-10-07</dc:identifier>
<dc:title>Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982</dc:title>
<dc:description>An Act to make provision as regards Scotland for the licensing and regulation of certain activities; for the preservation of public order and safety and the prevention crime; for prohibiting the taking of and dealing with indecent photographs of children; as to certain powers of constables and others; as to lost and abandoned property and property in the possession of persons taken into police custody; as to the rights and duties of the owners and users of certain land, buildings and other structures; as to the making by local authorities of byelaws; and to enable them to make management rules applying to land or premises under their control; as to certain other functions of local authorities and their officers; as to the time when the Burgh Police (Scotland) Acts 1892 to 1911 and certain local statutory provisions cease to have effect; and for connected purposes.]</dc:description>
<dc:date>1982-11-01</dc:date>
<dc:type>text</dc:type>
<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
<dc:language>en</dc:language>
<dc:publisher>Statute Law Database</dc:publisher>
<dc:modified>2024-09-09</dc:modified>
<dc:contributor>Expert Participation</dc:contributor>
<dct:valid>2005-10-07</dct:valid>
<ukm:PrimaryMetadata>
<ukm:DocumentClassification>
<ukm:DocumentCategory Value="primary"/>
<ukm:DocumentMainType Value="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct"/>
<ukm:DocumentStatus Value="revised"/>
</ukm:DocumentClassification>
<ukm:Year Value="1982"/>
<ukm:Number Value="45"/>
<ukm:EnactmentDate Date="1982-10-28"/>
</ukm:PrimaryMetadata>
<ukm:Alternatives>
<ukm:Alternative Date="2008-10-27" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45/pdfs/ukpga_19820045_en.pdf" Title="Print Version"/>
</ukm:Alternatives>
<ukm:Statistics>
<ukm:TotalParagraphs Value="212"/>
<ukm:BodyParagraphs Value="154"/>
<ukm:ScheduleParagraphs Value="58"/>
<ukm:AttachmentParagraphs Value="0"/>
<ukm:TotalImages Value="0"/>
</ukm:Statistics>
</proprietary>
</meta>
<body eId="body">
<part eId="part-IV">
<num>Part IV</num>
<heading>
Offences, Powers of Constables,
<abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr>
</heading>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-IV-crossheading-offences-of-annoying-offensive-obstructive-or-dangerous-behaviour">
<heading> Offences of annoying, offensive, obstructive or dangerous behaviour</heading>
<section eId="section-52" uk:target="true">
<num>52</num>
<heading>
Indecent photographs
<abbr title="et cetera" xml:lang="la">etc.</abbr>
of children.
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-52-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>Any person who—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
takes, or permits to be taken
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3819" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374241">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374241" class="commentary"/>
or makes
</ins>
, any indecent photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3823" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374251">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374251" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph of a child
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
distributes or shows such an indecent photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3832" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374261">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374261" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph
</ins>
;
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-1-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>
has in his possession such an indecent photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3842" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374261">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374261" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph
</ins>
with a view to its being distributed or shown by himself or others: or
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-1-d">
<num>(d)</num>
<content>
<p>
publishes or causes to be published any advertisement likely to be understood as conveying that the advertiser distributes or shows such an indecent photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3852" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374261">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374261" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph
</ins>
, or intends to do so
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>shall be guilty of an offence under this section.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3863" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374291">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374291" class="commentary"/>
In subsection (1) above “
</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-child" eId="term-child">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3863" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374291">child</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3863" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374291">” means, subject to subsection (2B) below, a person under the age of </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3863" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374291">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c-1507279052177" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c" class="commentary"/>
18
</ins>
</ins>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3863" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374291">; and</ins>
in proceedings under this section a person is to be taken as having been a child at any material time if it appears from the evidence as a whole that he was then under the age of
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c-1507279065930" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-2a812635cb717944a0601e47fc61387c" class="commentary"/>
18
</ins>
.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-2A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374301" class="commentary"/>
(2A)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">In this section, “</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-pseudo-photograph" eId="term-pseudo-photograph">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">pseudo-photograph</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">” means an image, whether produced by computer-graphics or otherwise howsoever, which appears to be a photograph.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-2B">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">(2B)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">If the impression conveyed by a pseudo-photograph is that the person shown is a child, the pseudo-photograph shall be treated for all purposes of this Act as showing a child and so shall a pseudo-photograph where the predominant impression conveyed is that the person shown is a child notwithstanding that some of the physical characteristics shown are those of an adult.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-2C">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">(2C)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">In this section, references to an indecent pseudo-photograph include—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-2C-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">a copy of an indecent pseudo-photograph;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-2C-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3870" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374301">data stored on a computer disc or by other electronic means which is capable of conversion into a pseudo-photograph.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under this section shall be liable—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
on summary conviction, to imprisonment for a period not exceeding
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3917" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374311">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374311" class="commentary"/>
6 months
</ins>
or to a fine not exceeding the prescribed sum within the meaning of
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3921" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374321">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374321" class="commentary"/>
section 225(8) of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995
</ins>
(at the passing of this Act £1,000) or to both;
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a period not exceeding
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3931" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374331">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374331" class="commentary"/>
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-5525dd370da6d50b2235c63f7aead260-1507206792915" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-5525dd370da6d50b2235c63f7aead260">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-5525dd370da6d50b2235c63f7aead260" class="commentary"/>
10 years
</ins>
</ins>
or to a fine or to both.
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>
For the purposes of this section, a person is to be regarded as distributing an indecent photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3941" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374341">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374341" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph
</ins>
if he parts with possession of it to, or exposes or offers it for acquisition by, another person.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where a person is charged with an offfence under subsection (1)(b) or (c) above, it shall be a defence for him to prove—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-5-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
that he had a legitimate reason for distributing or showing the photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3957" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374341">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374341" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph
</ins>
or (as the case may be) having it in his possession; or
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-5-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
that he had not himself seen the photograph
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3967" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374341">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374341" class="commentary"/>
or pseudo-photograph
</ins>
and did not know, nor had any cause to suspect, it to be indecent.
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-6">
<num>(6)</num>
<content>
<p>
<mod>
In paragraph 2 of the Schedule to the
<noteRef href="#c13374381" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Visiting Forces Act 1952 (offences against the person in the case of which a member of a visiting force is in certain circumstances not liable to be tried by a United Kingdom court) the word “ and” immediately preceding sub-paragraph (b)(iii) shall be omitted and after the said sub-paragraph (b)(iii) there shall be added—
<quotedStructure startQuote="" endQuote="" uk:context="schedule" uk:docName="unknown" ukl:TargetClass="unknown" ukl:TargetSubClass="unknown" ukl:Context="schedule" ukl:Format="default">
<level class="para2">
<num>(iv)</num>
<content>
<p>section 52(1)(a) of the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982.</p>
</content>
</level>
</quotedStructure>
</mod>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-7">
<num>(7)</num>
<content>
<p>
References in the
<noteRef href="#c13374391" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1975 (except in sections 171 and 368 thereof)
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p3996" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374401">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374401" class="commentary"/>
and in Part III of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 (children in need of compulsory measures of care)
</ins>
to the offences mentioned in Schedule 1 to that Act shall include an offence under subsection (1)(a) above.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-52-8">
<num>(8)</num>
<intro>
<p>In this section—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-8-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>references to an indecent photograph include an indecent film, a copy of an indecent photograph or film and an indecent photograph comprised in a film;</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-8-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>a photograph (including one comprised in a film) shall, if it shows a child and is indecent, be treated for all purposes of this section as an indecent photograph of a child;</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-8-c">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p4018" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374411">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c13374411" class="commentary"/>
(c)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4018" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374411">references to a photograph include—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-52-8-c-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4018" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374411">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4018" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374411">the negative as well as the positive version; and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-52-8-c-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4018" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374411">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p4018" ukl:CommentaryRef="c13374411">data stored on a computer disc or by other electronic means which is capable of conversion into a photograph.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-52-8-d">
<num>(d)</num>
<content>
<p>
<term refersTo="#term-film" eId="term-film">film</term>
” includes any form of video-recording.
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
</part>
</body>
</act>
</akomaNtoso>