Words in s. 29(1) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 45 para. 2(2)

S. 29(2A)-(2E) inserted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 45 para. 2(3)

Words in s. 29(3) inserted (29.4.1996 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 2 para. 9(2) of the amending Act) by 1996 c. 8, s. 23, Sch. 2 para. 9

Words in s. 29(3) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 45 para. 2(4)

S. 29(3A) inserted (29.4.1996 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 2 para. 9(2) of the amending Act) by 1996 c. 8, s. 23, Sch. 2 para. 9

Words in s. 29(4) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 8(a), 22

S. 29(5) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 8(b), 22

Words in s. 29(7) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 45 para. 2(5)

Words in s. 29(7) substituted (30.11.2003) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 19, Sch. 5 para. 7; S.I. 2003/3086, art. 2(b)

Words in s. 30(2) substituted (21.7.2008) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), Sch. 45 para. 3

Words in s. 31(5)(b) repealed (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 35(2) and Sch. 29 Pt. V(3) Note 1 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, ss. 19, 162, Sch. 4 Pt. VII para. 35, Sch. 29 Pt. V(3) Note 1

Words in s. 31(7)(a) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 9, 22

Words in s. 31(7)(a) inserted (1.1.2009) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 144(5)(a)(7)

Ss. 31A-31C and cross-heading inserted (19.12.2003) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 19(1)-(3), Sch. 5 paras. 1, 8; S.I. 2003/3086, art. 2 (with art. 3)

Words in s. 31A(4) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 10(a), 22

S. 31A(5) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 10(b), 22

Words in s. 31B(9)(a)(i) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 11, 22

Words in s. 31B(9)(a)(i) inserted (1.1.2009) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 144(5)(b)(7)

Words in s. 31C(7)(a) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 12, 22

Words in s. 31C(7)(a) inserted (1.1.2009) by Finance Act 2008 (c. 9), s. 144(5)(c)(7)

S. 32: words in heading substituted (19.12.2003) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 19, Sch. 5 para. 9(2); S.I. 2003/3086, art. 2(a)

Words in s. 32(1) inserted (19.12.2003) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 19, Sch. 5 para. 9(1)(a); S.I. 2003/3086, art. 2(a)

Words in s. 32(1)(a) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 126 (with Sch. 24 para. 447, Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

S. 32(1)(b) substituted (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 40, ss. 5, 7(2), Sch. 4 para. 90(2)

Words in s. 32(1)(c) substituted (28.7.2003 for N.I.) by The Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1247), art. 36(1), Sch. 1 para. 15(a); S.R. 2003/352, art. 2(d)

Words repealed (28.7.2003 for N.I.) by The Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1247), art. 36, Sch. 1 para. 15(b), Sch. 2; S.R. 2003/352, art. 2(d)

Words in s. 32(1) inserted (19.12.2003) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 19, Sch. 5 para. 9(1)(b); S.I. 2003/3086, art. 2(a)

S. 32A inserted (1.5.1995) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. VII para. 36(1)

S. 33 omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 13, 22

S. 33A omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 14, 22

Words in s. 34(4) substituted (30.11.2003) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 19, Sch. 5 para. 11; S.I. 2003/3086, art. 2(b)

S. 35 omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 15, 22

S. 35A inserted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 33(4) of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. V para. 32(2)(4)

Words in s. 35A heading substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 89(7)(c)(10)

Words in s. 35A(1)(a) inserted (19.3.1997) by 1997 c. 16, s. 19(2)(a)

Words in s. 35A(1)(a) substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 89(7)(a)(10)

Words in s. 35A(1)(a) substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 16(2)(a), 22

Words in s. 35A(1)(b) substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 16(2)(b), 22

S. 35A(3) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 16(3), 22

S. 35A(3)-(7) inserted (31.7.1998 with effect as mentioned in s. 19(5) of the amending Act) by 1998 c. 36, s. 19(3)(5)

Words in s. 35A(4) substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 16(4), 22

S. 35A(5)(a)(b) substituted for words (7.4.2005 with effect as mentioned in s. 7(15) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2005 (c. 7), s. 7(6)

Words in s. 35A(5)(b) substituted (24.7.2002 with application as mentioned in s. 18(4) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 18(2)

S. 35A(7) substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 16(5), 22

S. 35A(8) inserted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 89(7)(b)(10)

Words in s. 36 heading substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 89(8)(b)(10)

Words in s. 36(1) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 32(4) of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. V para. 32(3)(4)

S. 36(3)(a)(b) substituted for words (7.4.2005 with effect as mentioned in s. 7(15) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2005 (c. 7), s. 7(6)

Words in s. 36(3)(b) substituted (24.7.2002 with application as mentioned in s. 18(4) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2002 (c. 23), s. 18(2)

S. 36(4)(4A) substituted (31.7.1998 with effect as mentioned in s. 19(5) of the amending Act) for s. 36(4) by 1998 c. 36, s. 19(3)(5)

S. 36(4A)(4B) substituted for s. 36(4A) (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 17(2), 22

S. 36(6) inserted (31.7.1998 with effect as mentioned in s. 19(5) of the amending Act) by 1998 c. 36, s. 19(4)(5)

Words in s. 36(6)(b) substituted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 17(3), 22

S. 36(7) inserted (1.10.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), s. 89(8)(a)(10)

Words in s. 37(2) repealed (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 37(3) and Sch. 29 Pt.V(3) Note 2 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, ss. 19, 162, Sch. 4 Pt. VII para. 37(1)(3), Sch. 29 Pt.V(3) Note 2

Words in s. 39(2)(a) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(a), 29

Words in s. 39(4)(a) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(b), 29

Words after para. (b) in s. 39(4) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(c), 29

Words in s. 39(5)(a) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(b), 29

Words after para. (b) in s. 39(5) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(c), 29

Words in s. 40(2) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 23(a), 29

Words in s. 40(2) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 23(b), 29

Words in s. 41(1)(a) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 127 (with Sch. 24 para. 447, Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

S. 41(1)(b) substituted (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 40, ss. 5, 7(2), Sch. 4 para. 90(3)

Words in s. 42(5)(b) substituted (29.4.1996) by 1996 c. 8, s. 22(1)

S. 42(6)(b) substituted (29.4.1996) by 1996 c. 8, s. 22(2)

S. 43A inserted (1.4.1998) by 1997 c. 16, s. 18, Sch. 3 para. 5; S.I. 1998/560, art. 2

S. 43B inserted (17.9.2002) by 2001 c. 3, ss. 43, 44, Sch. para. 5; S.I. 2002/2377, art. 2

S. 43C and preceding cross heading inserted (1.7.2005) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 150(1); S.I. 2005/1521, art. 3(1)(u) (subject to art. 3(4)(5))

S. 43C and preceding cross heading inserted (1.7.2005) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 150(1); S.I. 2005/1521, art. 3(1)(u) (subject to art. 3(4)(5))

S. 44(2)(a)-(c) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 19 paras. 18, 22

S. 45(2A) inserted (29.4.1996) by 1996 c. 8, s. 23, Sch. 2 para. 11(1)(2)

Words in s. 45(3) inserted (29.4.1996) by 1996 c. 8, s. 23, Sch. 2 para. 11(1)(3)

S. 45(3A)(3B) inserted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 29 of the amending Act) by 1995 c. 4, s. 19, Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 24, 29

Words in s. 45(3A)(3B) omitted (1.1.2017) by virtue of Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 18 paras. 3(a), 19

Words in s. 46(1) substituted (1.4.1998) by 1997 c. 16, s. 18, Sch. 3 para. 7(1)(a); S.I. 1998/560, art. 2

Words in s. 46(2)(3) inserted (1.4.1998) by 1997 c. 16, s. 18, Sch. 3 para. 7(1)(b); S.I. 1998/560, art. 2

Words in s. 46(2)(3) inserted (1.4.1998) by 1997 c. 16, s. 18, Sch. 3 para. 7(1)(b); S.I. 1998/560, art. 2

S. 46A inserted (29.4.1996) by 1996 c. 8, s. 23, Sch. 2 para. 12

S. 29(1) excluded by 1988 c. 52, s. 12E (as inserted (10.3.2017) by Deregulation Act 2015 (c. 20), ss. 73(3), 115(7); S.I. 2017/273, art. 2(a))

S. 31A excluded (27.11.2003) by The Finance Act 2002, Section 19 (Appointed Days etc.) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/3086), {art. 3}

S. 45 applied (28.7.2000) by 2000 c. 17, s. 20(10)

S. 45 applied (1.7.2001) by 2001 c. 9, s. 8(10)(11)(12)

S. 45 excluded (8.2.2007) by Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006 (c. 36), ss. 51(6), 126(2)

1980 c. 43.

1954 c. 9 (N.I.).

1950 c. 7 (N.I.).

1980 c. 43.

1954 c. 9 (N.I.).

1988 c. 52.

1988 c. 52.

S.I. 1995/2994 (N.I. 18).

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/22/part/III/2020-12-01Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994An Act to consolidate the enactments relating to vehicle excise duty and the registration of vehicles.1994-07-05texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2024-05-28Expert Participation2020-12-01Part III Offences Offence of using or keeping unlicensed vehicle
29 Penalty for using or keeping unlicensed vehicle.(1)

If a person uses, or keeps, a vehicle which is unlicensed he is guilty of an offence.

(2)

For the purposes of subsection (1) a vehicle is unlicensed if no vehicle licence or trade licence is in force for or in respect of the vehicle.

(2A)

Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if—

(a)

it is an exempt vehicle in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force and a nil licence is in force in respect of the vehicle, or

(b)

it is an exempt vehicle that is not one in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force.

(2B)

Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if—

(a)

the vehicle is being neither used nor kept on a public road, and

(b)

the particulars and declaration required to be furnished and made by regulations under section 22(1D) have been furnished and made in accordance with the regulations and the terms of the declaration have at no time been breached.

(2C)

Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if the vehicle is kept by a motor trader or vehicle tester at business premises.

(2D)

The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision amending this section for the purpose of providing further exceptions from subsection (1) (or varying or revoking any such further exceptions).

(2E)

A person accused of an offence under subsection (1) is not entitled to the benefit of an exception from subsection (1) conferred by or under this section unless evidence is adduced that is sufficient to raise an issue with respect to that exception; but where evidence is so adduced it is for the prosecution to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the exception does not apply.

(3)

Subject to subsection (3A) a person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to an excise penalty of—

(a)

level 3 on the standard scale, or

(b)

five times the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of using or keeping the vehicle on a public road,

whichever is the greater.

(3A)

In the case of a person who—

(a)

has provided the Secretary of State with a declaration or statement (in pursuance of regulations under section 22) that the vehicle will not during a period specified in the declaration or statement be used or kept on a public road, and

(b)

commits an offence under subsection (1) within a period prescribed by regulations,

subsection (3) applies as if the reference in paragraph (a) to level 3 were a reference to level 4.

(4)

Where a vehicle for which a vehicle licence is in force is transferred by the holder of the licence to another person, the licence is to be treated for the purposes of subsection (2) as no longer in force ... .

(5)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6)

The amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of a vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsection (3)(b) to be an amount equal to the annual rate of duty applicable to the vehicle at the date on which the offence was committed.

(7)

Where in the case of a vehicle not being used on a public road that annual rate differs from the annual rate by reference to which the vehicle was at that date chargeable under section 2(3) to (6), the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle is to be taken for those purposes to be an amount equal to the latter rate.

(8)

In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (6) and (7) to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.

30 Additional liability for keeper of unlicensed vehicle.(1)

Where the person convicted of an offence under section 29 is the person by whom the vehicle in respect of which the offence was committed was kept at the time at which it was committed, the court shall (in addition to any penalty which it may impose under that section) order him to pay the amount specified in subsection (2).

(2)

The amount referred to in subsection (1) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the annual rate of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of using or keeping the vehicle on a public road for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period (within the meaning of section 31).

(3)

In relation to any month or part of a month in the relevant period, the reference in subsection (2) to the annual rate of vehicle excise duty appropriate to the vehicle is a reference to the annual rate applicable to it at the beginning of that month or part.

(4)

A vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of this section to have belonged throughout the relevant period to the description of vehicle to which it belonged for the purposes of vehicle excise duty at—

(a)

the date on which the offence was committed, or

(b)

if the prosecution so elect, the date when a vehicle licence for it was last issued,

except so far as it is proved to have fallen within some other description for the whole of any month or part of a month in that period.

(5)

In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of this section to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.

31 Relevant period for purposes of section 30.(1)

For the purposes of section 30 the relevant period is the period—

(a)

ending with the date on which the offence was committed, and

(b)

beginning as provided by subsections (2) to (4).

(2)

Subject to subsection (4), if the person convicted has before the date of the offence notified the Secretary of State of his acquisition of the vehicle in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State, the relevant period begins with—

(a)

the date on which the notification was received by the Secretary of State, or

(b)

the expiry of the vehicle licence last in force for the vehicle,

whichever is the later.

(3)

Subject to subsection (4), in any other case the relevant period begins with—

(a)

the expiry of the vehicle licence last in force for the vehicle before the date on which the offence was committed, or

(b)

if there has not at any time before that date been a vehicle licence in force for the vehicle, the date on which the vehicle was first kept by the person convicted.

(4)

Where—

(a)

the person convicted has been ordered to pay an amount under section 30 on the occasion of a previous conviction for an offence in respect of the same vehicle, and

(b)

that offence was committed after the date specified in subsection (2) or (3) as the date with which the relevant period begins,

the relevant period instead begins with the month immediately following that in which the earlier offence was committed.

(5)

Where the person convicted proves—

(a)

that throughout any month or part of a month in the relevant period the vehicle was not kept by him, or

(b)

that he has paid the duty due . . .in respect of the vehicle for any such month or part of a month,

any amount which the person is ordered to pay under section 30 is to be calculated as if that month or part of a month were not in the relevant period.

(6)

Where a person has previously been ordered under section 36 to pay an amount for a month or part of a month in the case of a vehicle, any amount which he is ordered to pay under section 30 in the case of the vehicle is to be calculated as if no part of that month were in the relevant period.

(7)

In this section references to the expiry of a vehicle licence include a reference to—

(a)

its ... ceasing to be in force under section 19(7), and

(b)

its being treated as no longer in force for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 29 by subsection (4) of that section.

(8)

In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of this section to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.

Offence of being registered keeper of unlicensed vehicle
31A Offence by registered keeper where vehicle unlicensed(1)

If a vehicle registered under this Act is unlicensed, the person in whose name the vehicle is registered is guilty of an offence.

(2)

For the purposes of this section a vehicle is unlicensed if no vehicle licence or trade licence is in force for or in respect of the vehicle.

(3)

Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if—

(a)

it is an exempt vehicle in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force and a nil licence is in force in respect of the vehicle, or

(b)

it is an exempt vehicle that is not one in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force.

(4)

Where a vehicle for which a vehicle licence is in force is transferred by the holder of the licence to another person, the licence is to be treated for the purposes of subsection (2) as no longer in force ... .

(5)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

31B Exceptions to section 31A(1)

A person (“the registered keeper”) in whose name an unlicensed vehicle is registered at any particular time (“the relevant time”) does not commit an offence under section 31A at that time if any of the following conditions are satisfied.

(2)

The first condition is that the registered keeper—

(a)

is not at the relevant time the person keeping the vehicle, and

(b)

if previously he was the person keeping the vehicle, he has by the relevant time complied with any requirements under section 22(1)(d)—

(i)

that are prescribed for the purposes of this condition, and

(ii)

that he is required to have complied with by the relevant or any earlier time.

(3)

The second condition is that—

(a)

the registered keeper is at the relevant time the person keeping the vehicle,

(b)

at the relevant time the vehicle is neither kept nor used on a public road, and

(c)

the registered keeper has by the relevant time complied with any requirements under section 22(1D)—

(i)

that are prescribed for the purposes of this condition, and

(ii)

that he is required to have complied with by the relevant or any earlier time.

(4)

The third condition is that—

(a)

the vehicle has been stolen before the relevant time,

(b)

the vehicle has not been recovered by the relevant time, and

(c)

any requirements under subsection (6) that, in connection with the theft, are required to have been complied with by the relevant or any earlier time have been complied with by the relevant time.

(5)

The fourth condition is that the relevant time falls within a period (“the grace days”)—

(a)

beginning with the expiry of the last vehicle licence to be in force for the vehicle, and

(b)

of a prescribed length,

and a vehicle licence for the vehicle is taken out within the grace days for a period beginning with the grace days.

(6)

The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision for the purposes of subsection (4)(c) as to the persons to whom, the times at which and the manner in which the theft of a vehicle is to be notified.

(7)

The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision amending this section for the purpose of providing for further exceptions to section 31A(1) (or varying or revoking any such further exceptions).

(8)

A person accused of an offence under section 31A(1) is not entitled to the benefit of an exception conferred by or under this section unless evidence is adduced that is sufficient to raise an issue with respect to that exception, but where evidence is so adduced it is for the prosecution to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the exception does not apply.

(9)

In this section—

(a)

references to the expiry of a vehicle licence include a reference to—

(i)

its ... ceasing to be in force under section 19(7), and

(ii)

its being treated as no longer in force for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 31A by subsection (4) of that section;

(b)

prescribed” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.

31C Penalties for offences under section 31A(1)

A person guilty of an offence under section 31A(1) is liable on summary conviction to—

(a)

an excise penalty of—

(i)

level 3 on the standard scale, or

(ii)

five times the amount of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle concerned,

whichever is the greater; and

(b)

if subsection (3) applies to him, an excise penalty (in addition to any under paragraph (a)) of an amount that complies with subsection (2).

(2)

An amount complies with this subsection if it—

(a)

is not less than the greater of—

(i)

the maximum of the penalty to which the person is liable under subsection (1)(a), and

(ii)

the amount of the supplement (if any) that became payable by him by reason of non-renewal of the vehicle licence for the vehicle that last expired before the commission of the offence; and

(b)

is not more than the greatest of—

(i)

the maximum of the penalty to which the person is liable under subsection (1)(a),

(ii)

the amount mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii), and

(iii)

ten times the amount of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle.

(3)

This subsection applies to the person if—

(a)

he was, at the time proceedings for the offence were commenced, the person in whose name the vehicle concerned was registered under this Act, and

(b)

that vehicle was unlicensed throughout the period beginning with the commission of the offence and ending with the commencement of those proceedings.

(4)

The amount of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of a vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (1) and (2) to be an amount equal to the annual rate of duty applicable to the vehicle at the date on which the offence was committed.

(5)

Where in the case of a vehicle kept (but not used) on a public road that annual rate differs from the annual rate by reference to which the vehicle was at that date chargeable under section 2(3) to (6), the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle is to be taken for those purposes to be an amount equal to the latter rate.

(6)

In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (4) and (5) to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.

(7)

In this section, references to the expiry of a vehicle licence include a reference to—

(a)

its ... ceasing to be in force under section 19(7), and

(b)

its being treated as no longer in force for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 31A by subsection (4) of that section.

Offences under sections 29 and 31A: supplementary
32 Sections 29 to 31C: supplementary.(1)

Where in the case of an offence under section 29 or 31A there is made against a person—

(a)

an order under section 79 or 80 of the Sentencing Code discharging him absolutely or conditionally,

(b)

or an order under section 228 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 placing him on probation or under 246(3) of that Act discharging him absolutely, or

(c)

an order under the Article 4 of the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 discharging him absolutely or conditionally . . . ,

he is to be treated for the purposes of sections 29 to 31 or (as the case may be) sections 31A to 31C as having been convicted.

(2)

Section 30 has effect subject to the provisions (applying with the necessary modifications) of any enactment relating to the imposition of fines by magistrates’ courts and courts of summary jurisdiction, other than any conferring a discretion as to their amount.

(3)

Where a sum is payable by virtue of an order under section 30—

(a)

in England and Wales, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of Part III of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 (including any enactment having effect as if contained in that Part) and of any other enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by magistrates’ courts,

(b)

in Scotland, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of any enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by courts of summary jurisdiction, and

(c)

in Northern Ireland, the sum is recoverable as a sum adjudged to be paid by a conviction and is to be treated for all purposes as a fine within the meaning of section 20 of the Administration of Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1954.

32A Immobilisation, removal and disposal of vehicles.

Schedule 2A (which relates to the immobilisation of vehicles as regards which it appears that an offence under section 29(1) is being committed and to their removal and disposal) shall have effect.

Other offences relating to licences
33 Not exhibiting licence.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

33ANot exhibiting licence: period of grace

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

34 Trade licences: penalties.(1)

A person holding a trade licence or trade licences is guilty of an offence if he—

(a)

uses at any one time on a public road a greater number of vehicles (not being vehicles for which vehicle licences are for the time being in force) than he is authorised to use by virtue of the trade licence or licences,

(b)

uses a vehicle (not being a vehicle for which a vehicle licence is for the time being in force) on a public road for any purpose other than a purpose which has been prescribed under section 12(2)(b), or

(c)

uses the trade licence, or any of the trade licences, for the purposes of keeping on a public road in any circumstances other than circumstances which have been prescribed under section 12(1)(c) a vehicle which is not being used on that road.

(2)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to an excise penalty of—

(a)

level 3 on the standard scale, or

(b)

five times the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of (in the case of an offence under subsection (1)(a)) the vehicles which he is not authorised to use or (in the case of an offence under subsection (1)(b) or (c)) the vehicle concerned,

whichever is the greater.

(3)

The amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of a vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsection (2) to be an amount equal to the annual rate of duty applicable to the vehicle at the date on which the offence was committed.

(4)

Where in the case of a vehicle kept (but not used) on a public road that annual rate differs from the annual rate by reference to which the vehicle was at that date chargeable under section 2(3) to (6) , the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle is to be taken for those purposes to be an amount equal to the latter rate.

(5)

In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (3) and (4) to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.

35 Failure to return licence.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35AFailed payments.(1)

In a case where—

(a)

a notice sent as mentioned in section 19A(2)(b) or 19B(2)(c) or a further notice sent as mentioned in section 19A(3)(d), 19B(3)(d) or 19B(5)(f) requires a person to pay the amount specified in subsection (4) within such reasonable period as is specified in the notice, and

(b)

the person fails to comply with the requirement within that period,

he shall be liable on summary conviction to a penalty of an amount found under subsection (2).

(2)

The amount is whichever is the greater of—

(a)

level 3 on the standard scale;

(b)

an amount equal to five times the annual rate of duty that was payable on the grant of the licence or would have been so payable if it had been taken out for a period of twelve months.

(3)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4)

The amount referred to in subsection (1)(a) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period.

(5)

The reference in subsection (4) to the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty is a reference

(a)

in the case of a vehicle licence, to the annual rate which at the beginning of the relevant period was applicable to a vehicle of the description specified in the application, or

(b)

in the case of a trade licence, to the basic goods vehicle rate (within the meaning of section 13) which was applicable at that time (or to the annual rate which at that time was applicable to a vehicle falling within sub-paragraph (1)(d) of paragraph 2 of that Schedule if the licence was to be used only for vehicles to which that paragraph applies).

(6)

For the purposes of subsection (4) the relevant period is the period—

(a)

beginning with the first day of the period for which the licence was applied for or, if later, the day on which the licence first was to have effect, and

(b)

ending with whichever is the earliest of the times specified in subsection (7).

(7)

In the case of a requirement in a notice relating to a vehicle licence, those times are—

(a)

the end of the month in which the notice under section 19A(2)(b) or 19B(2)(c) or the further notice under section 19A(3)(d), 19B(3)(d) or 19B(5)(f) was sent,

(b)

the date on which the licence was due to expire, and

(c)

the end of the month preceding that in which there first had effect a new vehicle licence for the vehicle in question;

and, in a case of a requirement in a notice relating to a trade licence, those times are the times specified in paragraphs (a) and (b).

(8)

In a case where a notice is sent as mentioned in section 19B(5)(f) the amounts specified in subsections (2)(b) and (4) are to be calculated on the basis of the rate described in section 4(1)(b) or 13(3A) (whichever is relevant).

36Failed payments: additional liability.(1)

Where a person has been convicted of an offence under section 35A in relation to a vehicle licence or a trade licence, the court shall (in addition to any penalty which it may impose under that section) order him to pay the amount specified in subsection (2).

(2)

The amount referred to in subsection (1) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period.

(3)

The reference in subsection (2) to the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty is a reference

(a)

in the case of a vehicle licence, to the annual rate which at the beginning of the relevant period was applicable to a vehicle of the description specified in the application, or

(b)

in the case of a trade licence, to the basic goods vehicle rate (within the meaning of section 13) which was applicable at that time (or to the annual rate which at that time was applicable to a vehicle falling within sub-paragraph (1)(d) of paragraph 2 of that Schedule if the licence was to be used only for vehicles to which that paragraph applies).

(4)

For the purposes of this section the relevant period is the period—

(a)

beginning with the first day of the period for which the licence was applied for or, if later, the day on which the licence first was to have effect, and

(b)

ending with whichever is the earliest of the times specified in subsection (4A).

(4A)

In the case of a vehicle licence, those times are—

(a)

the end of the month in which the relevant notice was sent,

(b)

the date on which the licence was due to expire, and

(c)

the end of the month preceding that in which there first had effect a new licence for the vehicle in question;

and, in the case of a trade licence, those times are the times specified in paragraphs (a) and (b).

(4B)

In subsection (4A)(a), the “relevant notice” is the notice under section 19A(2)(b) or 19B(2)(c) or the further notice under section 19A(3)(d), 19B(3)(d) or 19B(5)(f) which contained the requirement which was not complied with, resulting in the conviction of an offence under section 35A.

(5)

Where a person has previously been ordered under section 30 to pay an amount for a month or part of a month in the case of a vehicle, any amount which he is ordered to pay under this section in the case of a vehicle licence for the vehicle is to be calculated as if no part of that month were in the relevant period.

(6)

Where—

(a)

a person has been convicted of an offence under section 35A in relation to a vehicle licence or a trade licence, and

(b)

a requirement to pay an amount with respect to that licence has been imposed on that person by virtue of section 35A(1)(a),

the order to pay an amount under this section shall have effect instead of that requirement and the amount to be paid under the order shall be reduced by any amount actually paid in pursuance of the requirement.

(7)

In a case where a notice is sent as mentioned in section 19B(5)(f) the amount specified in subsection (2) is to be calculated on the basis of the rate described in section 4(1)(b) or 13(3A) (whichever is relevant).

Offence of not paying duty chargeable at higher rate
37 Penalty for not paying duty chargeable at higher rate.(1)

Where—

(a)

a vehicle licence has been taken out for a vehicle at any rate of vehicle excise duty,

(b)

at any time while the licence is in force the vehicle is so used that duty at a higher rate becomes chargeable in respect of the licence for the vehicle under section 15, and

(c)

duty at that higher rate was not paid before the vehicle was so used,

the person so using the vehicle is guilty of an offence.

(2)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction . . . to an excise penalty of—

(a)

level 3 on the standard scale . . ., or

(b)

five times the difference between the duty actually paid on the licence and the amount of the duty at the higher rate,

whichever is the greater.

38 Additional liability for keeper of vehicle chargeable at higher rate.(1)

Where the person convicted of an offence under section 37 is the person by whom the vehicle in respect of which the offence was committed was kept at the time at which it was committed, the court shall (in addition to any penalty which it may impose under that section) order him to pay the amount specified in subsection (2).

(2)

The amount referred to in subsection (1) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the difference between—

(a)

the rate of duty at which the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out, and

(b)

the relevant higher rate of duty (within the meaning of section 39) in relation to the vehicle,

for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period (within the meaning of section 40).

(3)

A vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsection (2) to have belonged throughout the relevant period to the description of vehicle to which it belonged for the purposes of vehicle excise duty at the date on which the offence was committed, except so far as it is proved to have fallen within some other description for the whole of any month or part of a month in that period.

(4)

Where a person is convicted of more than one offence under section 37 in respect of the same vehicle (whether or not in the same proceedings), the court shall (in calculating the amount payable under this section in respect of any of the offences) reduce the amount in relation to any period by any amount ordered to be paid under this section in relation to the period in respect of any other such offence.

39 Relevant higher rate of duty for purposes of section 38.(1)

For the purposes of section 38 the relevant higher rate of duty in relation to a vehicle is the rate provided by this section.

(2)

Where—

(a)

at the time of the offence the vehicle had a revenue weight which exceeded that which it had when the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out, and

(b)

the licence was taken out at the rate applicable to the previous weight,

the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the higher weight.

(3)

Where—

(a)

the vehicle is a tractive unit,

(b)

the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate applicable to the use of the vehicle—

(i)

only with semi-trailers having not fewer than two axles, or

(ii)

only with semi-trailers having not fewer than three axles, and

(c)

the offence consisted in using the vehicle with a semi-trailer with a smaller number of axles,

the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the use of the vehicle which constituted the offence.

(4)

Where—

(a)

the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate applicable, by virtue of paragraph 13 of Schedule 1, to a weight lower than the revenue weight of the vehicle, and

(b)

the offence consisted in using the vehicle in contravention of a condition imposed under or by virtue of sub-paragraph (2) of that paragraph,

the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the revenue weight of the vehicle.

(5)

Where—

(a)

the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate lower than that applicable to it by reference to its revenue weight, and

(b)

none of subsections (2) to (4) apply,

the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the revenue weight of the vehicle.

(6)

Where—

(a)

the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate lower than that at which duty was chargeable in respect of the condition, manner or purpose of use of the vehicle which constituted the offence, and

(b)

none of subsections (2) to (5) apply,

the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the condition, manner or purpose of use of the vehicle which constituted the offence.

40 Relevant period for purposes of section 38.(1)

For the purposes of section 38 the relevant period is the period—

(a)

ending with the date on which the offence was committed, and

(b)

beginning as provided by subsection (2) or (3).

(2)

If the offence consists in the vehicle having a revenue weight which exceeds that which it had when the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out, the relevant period begins with the date on which the vehicle became a vehicle with a higher revenue weight.

(3)

In any other case, the relevant period begins with the date on which the licence in relation to which the offence was committed first took effect.

(4)

Where the person convicted proves—

(a)

that throughout any month or part of a month in the relevant period the vehicle was not kept by him, or

(b)

that he has paid the duty due (or an amount equal to the duty due) at the relevant higher rate in respect of the vehicle for any such month or part of a month,

any amount which the person is ordered to pay under section 38 is to be calculated as if that month or part of a month were not in the relevant period.

41 Sections 37 to 40: supplementary.(1)

Where in the case of an offence under section 37 there is made against a person—

(a)

an order under section 79 or 80 of the Sentencing Code discharging him absolutely or conditionally,

(b)

or an order under section 228 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 placing him on probation or under 246(2) or (3) of that Act discharging him absolutely, or

(c)

an order under the Probation Act (Northern Ireland) 1950 discharging him absolutely or conditionally or placing him on probation,

he is to be treated for the purposes of sections 38 to 40 as having been convicted.

(2)

Section 38 has effect subject to the provisions (applying with the necessary modifications) of any enactment relating to the imposition of fines by magistrates’ courts and courts of summary jurisdiction, other than any conferring a discretion as to their amount.

(3)

Where a sum is payable by virtue of an order under section 38—

(a)

in England and Wales, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of Part III of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 (including any enactment having effect as if contained in that Part) and of any other enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by magistrates’ courts,

(b)

in Scotland, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of any enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by courts of summary jurisdiction, and

(c)

in Northern Ireland, the sum is recoverable as a sum adjudged to be paid by a conviction and is to be treated for all purposes as a fine within the meaning of section 20 of the Administration of Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1954.

Offences relating to registration marks
42 Not fixing registration mark.(1)

If a registration mark is not fixed on a vehicle as required by virtue of section 23, the relevant person is guilty of an offence.

(2)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

(3)

In subsection (1) “the relevant person” means the person driving the vehicle or, where it is not being driven, the person keeping it.

(4)

It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) to prove that—

(a)

he had no reasonable opportunity to register the vehicle under this Act, and

(b)

the vehicle was being driven for the purpose of being so registered.

(5)

It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) in relation to a vehicle—

(a)

to which section 47 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 applies by virtue of subsection (2)(b) of that section, or

(b)

to which Article 63 of the Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 applies by virtue of paragraph (2)(b) of that Article,

(vehicles manufactured before the prescribed period and used before registration) to prove that he had no reasonable opportunity to register the vehicle under this Act and that the vehicle was being driven in accordance with subsection (6).

(6)

A vehicle is being driven in accordance with this subsection if—

(a)

it is being driven for the purposes of, or in connection with, its examination under section 45 of the Road Traffic Act 1988 in circumstances in which its use is exempted from subsection (1) of section 47 of that Act by regulations under subsection (6) of that section, or

(b)

it is being driven for the purposes of, or in connection with, its examination under Article 61 of the Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 in circumstances in which its use is exempted from paragraph (1) of Article 63 of that Order by regulations under paragraph (6) of that Article.

43 Obscured registration mark.(1)

If a registration mark fixed on a vehicle as required by virtue of section 23 is in any way—

(a)

obscured, or

(b)

rendered, or allowed to become, not easily distinguishable,

the relevant person is guilty of an offence.

(2)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

(3)

In subsection (1) “the relevant person” means the person driving the vehicle or, where it is not being driven, the person keeping it.

(4)

It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under this section to prove that he took all steps which it was reasonably practicable to take to prevent the mark being obscured or rendered not easily distinguishable.

Other offences
43A Failure to have nil licence for exempt vehicle.(1)

A person is guilty of an offence if—

(a)

he uses, or keeps, on a public road an exempt vehicle,

(b)

that vehicle is one in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force, and

(c)

a nil licence is not for the time being in force in respect of the vehicle.

(2)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale.

(3)

Subsection (1) has effect subject to the provisions of regulations made by the Secretary of State.

(4)

The Secretary of State may, if he thinks fit, compound any proceedings for an offence under this section.

43B Vehicle identity checks: impersonation of authorised examiners(1)

A person is guilty of an offence if, with intent to deceive, he falsely represents himself to be a person entitled under regulations made by virtue of section 22A(2) to carry out examinations of vehicles in accordance with regulations so made.

(2)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

Offence in respect of incorrectly registered vehicles
43COffence of using an incorrectly registered vehicle(1)

A person is guilty of an offence if, on a public road or in a public place, he uses a vehicle to which subsection (2) applies and in respect of which—

(a)

the name and address of the keeper are not recorded in the register, or

(b)

any of the particulars recorded in the register are incorrect.

(2)

This subsection applies to a vehicle if—

(a)

vehicle excise duty is chargeable in respect of it, or

(b)

it is an exempt vehicle in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force.

(3)

It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) to show (as the case may be)—

(a)

that there was no reasonable opportunity, before the material time, to furnish the name and address of the keeper of the vehicle, or

(b)

that there was no reasonable opportunity, before the material time, to furnish particulars correcting the incorrect particulars.

(4)

It is also a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) to show—

(a)

that he had reasonable grounds for believing, or that it was reasonable for him to expect, that the name and address of the keeper or the other particulars of registration (as the case may be) were correctly recorded in the register, or

(b)

that any exception prescribed in regulations under this section is met.

(5)

A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

(6)

The Secretary of State may make regulations prescribing, varying or revoking exceptions for the purposes of subsection (4)(b).

(7)

In this section—

keeper”, in relation to a vehicle, means the person by whom it is kept at the material time;

the register” means the register kept by the Secretary of State under Part 2.

44 Forgery and fraud.(1)

A person is guilty of an offence if he forges, fraudulently alters, fraudulently uses, fraudulently lends or fraudulently allows to be used by another person anything to which subsection (2) applies.

(2)

This subsection applies to—

(a)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(d)

a registration mark,

(e)

a registration document, and

(f)

a trade plate (including a replacement trade plate).

(3)

A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable—

(a)

on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, and

(b)

on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine or (except in Scotland) to both.

45 False or misleading declarations and information.(1)

A person who in connection with—

(a)

an application for a vehicle licence or a trade licence,

(b)

a claim for a rebate under section 20, or

(c)

an application for an allocation of registration marks,

makes a declaration which to his knowledge is either false or in any material respect misleading is guilty of an offence.

(2)

A person who makes a declaration which—

(a)

is required by regulations under this Act to be made in respect of a vehicle which is an exempt vehicle under paragraph 19 of Schedule 2, and

(b)

to his knowledge is either false or in any material respect misleading,

is guilty of an offence.

(2A)

A person who makes a declaration or statement which—

(a)

is required to be made in respect of a vehicle by regulations under section 22, and

(b)

to his knowledge is either false or in any material respect misleading,

is guilty of an offence.

(3)

A person who—

(a)

is required by virtue of this Act to furnish particulars relating to, or to the keeper of, a vehicle, and

(b)

furnishes particulars which to his knowledge are either false or in any material respect misleading,

is guilty of an offence.

(3A)

A person who, in supplying information or producing documents for the purposes of any regulations made under section 61A ... —

(a)

makes a statement which to his knowledge is false or in any material respect misleading or recklessly makes a statement which is false or in any material respect misleading, or

(b)

produces or otherwise makes use of a document which to his knowledge is false or in any material respect misleading,

is guilty of an offence.

(3B)

A person who—

(a)

with intent to deceive, forges, alters or uses a certificate issued by virtue of section 61A ... ;

(b)

knowing or believing that it will be used for deception lends such a certificate to another or allows another to alter or use it; or

(c)

without reasonable excuse makes or has in his possession any document so closely resembling such a certificate as to be calculated to deceive,

is guilty of an offence.

(4)

A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable—

(a)

on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, and

(b)

on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine or (except in Scotland) to both.

46 Duty to give information.(1)

Where it is alleged that a vehicle has been used on a road in contravention of section 29, 34 , 37 or 43A

(a)

the person keeping the vehicle shall give such information as he may be required to give in accordance with subsection (7) as to the identity of the driver of the vehicle or any person who used the vehicle, and

(b)

any other person shall give such information as it is in his power to give and which may lead to the identification of the driver of the vehicle or any person who used the vehicle if he is required to do so in accordance with subsection (7).

(2)

Where it is alleged that a vehicle has been kept on a road in contravention of section 29 or 43A

(a)

the person keeping the vehicle shall give such information as he may be required to give in accordance with subsection (7) as to the identity of the person who kept the vehicle on the road, and

(b)

any other person shall give such information as it is in his power to give and which may lead to the identification of the person who kept the vehicle on the road if he is required to do so in accordance with subsection (7).

(3)

Where it is alleged that a vehicle has at any time been used on a road in contravention of section 29 or 43A, the person who is alleged to have so used the vehicle shall give such information as it is in his power to give as to the identity of the person who was keeping the vehicle at that time if he is required to do so in accordance with subsection (7).

(4)

A person who fails to comply with subsection (1), (2) or (3) is guilty of an offence.

(5)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (4) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

(6)

If a person is charged with an offence under subsection (4) consisting of failing to comply with subsection (1)(a) or (2)(a), it is a defence for him to show to the satisfaction of the court that he did not know, and could not with reasonable diligence have ascertained, the identity of the person or persons concerned.

(7)

A person is required to give information in accordance with this subsection if he is required to give the information by or on behalf of—

(a)

a chief officer of police or, in Northern Ireland, the Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary, or

(b)

the Secretary of State.

46A Duty to give information: offences under regulations.(1)

Subsection (2) applies where it appears to the Secretary of State—

(a)

that a person is a person by, through or to whom a vehicle has been sold or disposed of and that he has failed to comply with regulations made by virtue of section 22(1)(d) requiring him to furnish particulars prescribed by the regulations;

(b)

that a person is a person by or through whom a vehicle has been sold or disposed of and that he has failed to comply with regulations made by virtue of section 22(1)(dd) requiring him to furnish a document prescribed by the regulations; or

(c)

that a person is a person who is surrendering a vehicle licence, or who is not renewing a vehicle licence for a vehicle kept by him or who is keeping an unlicensed vehicle and that he has failed to comply with regulations made by virtue of section 22(1D) requiring him to furnish particulars or make a declaration prescribed by the regulations.

(2)

The Secretary of State may serve a notice on the person in question requiring him to give the Secretary of State such information as it in his power to give—

(a)

as to the identity of any person who is keeping a specified vehicle or who has kept it at a specified time or during a specified period;

(b)

as to the identity of any person by, through or to whom a specified vehicle has been sold or disposed of at a specified time or during a specified period; or

(c)

which may lead to the identification of a person falling within paragraph (a) or (b).

(3)

A person who fails to comply with a notice under subsection (2) is guilty of an offence.

(4)

A person guilty of an offence under subsection (3) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

(5)

In this section “specified” means specified in a notice under subsection (2).

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<notes source="#">
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0b3bfa415901f1a6905f15061f19fca9" marker="F1">
<p>
Words in s. 29(1) substituted (21.7.2008) by
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00023" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00024" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/schedule/45/paragraph/2/2">Sch. 45 para. 2(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d" marker="F2">
<p>
S. 29(2A)-(2E) inserted (21.7.2008) by
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/schedule/45/paragraph/2/3">Sch. 45 para. 2(3)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509261" marker="F3">
<p>
Words in s. 29(3) inserted (29.4.1996 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00525" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/9/2">Sch. 2 para. 9(2)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00526" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00527" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/23">s. 23</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00528" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/9">Sch. 2 para. 9</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-e5a55a0091329546521db2fe566fe34c" marker="F4">
<p>
Words in s. 29(3) substituted (21.7.2008) by
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00031" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00032" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/schedule/45/paragraph/2/4">Sch. 45 para. 2(4)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509271" marker="F5">
<p>
S. 29(3A) inserted (29.4.1996 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00530" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/9/2">Sch. 2 para. 9(2)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00531" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00532" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/23">s. 23</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00533" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/9">Sch. 2 para. 9</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-7d71a835bcf3fecbdc04db33c2c40795" marker="F6">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00006" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/29/4">s. 29(4)</ref>
omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/8/a">Sch. 19 paras. 8(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-29c1d5682657bf72bed34d5959d4e5c0" marker="F7">
<p>
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00013" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/29/5">S. 29(5)</ref>
omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00014" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00015" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/8/b">Sch. 19 paras. 8(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwctj192-00016" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-41525b4e65e2b20a409a3e21add56431" marker="F8">
<p>
Words in s. 29(7) substituted (21.7.2008) by
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00015" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn8td0as2-00016" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/schedule/45/paragraph/2/5">Sch. 45 para. 2(5)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18083031" marker="F9">
<p>
Words in s. 29(7) substituted (30.11.2003) by
<ref eId="c00535" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00536" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00537" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/7">Sch. 5 para. 7</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00538" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00539" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/2/b">art. 2(b)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-e479fdcbfb7479db0e339c2223400ed9" marker="F10">
<p>
Words in s. 30(2) substituted (21.7.2008) by
<ref eId="cn8tlu1x2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn8tlu1x2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/schedule/45/paragraph/3">Sch. 45 para. 3</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509281" marker="F11">
<p>
Words in s. 31(5)(b) repealed (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 35(2) and Sch. 29 Pt. V(3) Note 1 of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00541" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00542" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">ss. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00543" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/162">162</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00544" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/VII/paragraph/35">Sch. 4 Pt. VII para. 35</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00545" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/29/part/V/3">Sch. 29 Pt. V(3)</ref>
Note 1
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-36cd1a713658d639dd70a3b93bd6110e" marker="F12">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="cpwcvg292-00006" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/31/7/a">s. 31(7)(a)</ref>
omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwcvg292-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwcvg292-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/9">Sch. 19 paras. 9</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwcvg292-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0a7dc7ae452897d88a7f8999e6881ddf" marker="F13">
<p>
Words in s. 31(7)(a) inserted (1.1.2009) by
<ref eId="cn9xey4i2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn9xey4i2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/section/144/5/a">s. 144(5)(a)</ref>
<ref eId="cn9xey4i2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/section/144/7">(7)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="M_F_b3c8652b-5e0f-415c-dff9-d1904fb9016a" marker="F14">
<p>
Ss. 31A-31C and cross-heading inserted (19.12.2003) by
<ref eId="d12e4" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<rref eId="cc00026" class="subref" from="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19/1" upTo="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19/3" ukl:CitationRef="d12e4">s. 19(1)-(3)</rref>
,
<ref eId="cc00027" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/1">Sch. 5 paras. 1</ref>
,
<ref eId="cc00028" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/8">8</ref>
;
<ref eId="d12e16" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
,
<ref eId="cc143886604655" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/2">art. 2</ref>
(with
<ref eId="cc00031" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/3">art. 3</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-c35d9f690e01650571badfe4042de06c" marker="F15">
<p>
Words in s. 31A(4) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwd3ryi2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwd3ryi2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/10/a">Sch. 19 paras. 10(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwd3ryi2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-48d7a900140bd715c9c90a6126e15344" marker="F16">
<p>
S. 31A(5) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwd3ryi2-00014" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwd3ryi2-00015" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/10/b">Sch. 19 paras. 10(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwd3ryi2-00016" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-5237d2571743d286da4e910ea7e11134" marker="F17">
<p>
Words in s. 31B(9)(a)(i) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwdnzdp2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdnzdp2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/11">Sch. 19 paras. 11</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdnzdp2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-7dfb4dd3c051d2b1479056a46de6ea83" marker="F18">
<p>
Words in s. 31B(9)(a)(i) inserted (1.1.2009) by
<ref eId="cn9xi95c2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn9xi95c2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/section/144/5/b">s. 144(5)(b)</ref>
<ref eId="cn9xi95c2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/section/144/7">(7)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-1ef6dc85fef91e4c1688fe0d44cc6448" marker="F19">
<p>
Words in s. 31C(7)(a) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwdpein2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdpein2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/12">Sch. 19 paras. 12</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdpein2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-d4c9aca1a6f06e3e08424c9f319b8af0" marker="F20">
<p>
Words in s. 31C(7)(a) inserted (1.1.2009) by
<ref eId="cn9xl0l92-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9">Finance Act 2008 (c. 9)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cn9xl0l92-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/section/144/5/c">s. 144(5)(c)</ref>
<ref eId="cn9xl0l92-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2008/9/section/144/7">(7)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18123121" marker="F21">
<p>
S. 32: words in heading substituted (19.12.2003) by
<ref eId="c00549" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00550" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00551" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/9/2">Sch. 5 para. 9(2)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00552" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00553" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/2/a">art. 2(a)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18123081" marker="F22">
<p>
Words in s. 32(1) inserted (19.12.2003) by
<ref eId="c00555" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00556" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00557" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/9/1/a">Sch. 5 para. 9(1)(a)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00558" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00559" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/2/a">art. 2(a)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-81c33f755dd6199107cb04ccd14b09b1" marker="F23">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00006" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/32/1/a">s. 32(1)(a)</ref>
substituted (1.12.2020) by
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17">Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/section/416/1">s. 416(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/schedule/24/paragraph/126">Sch. 24 para. 126</ref>
(with
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00010" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/schedule/24/paragraph/447">Sch. 24 para. 447</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/schedule/27">Sch. 27</ref>
);
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00012" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1236">S.I. 2020/1236</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iawee94-00013" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1236/regulation/2">reg. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c20409121" marker="F24">
<p>
S. 32(1)(b) substituted (1.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00566" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40">1995 c. 40</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00567" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/section/5">ss. 5</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00568" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/section/7/2">7(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00569" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/schedule/4/paragraph/90/2">Sch. 4 para. 90(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18122351" marker="F25">
<p>
Words in s. 32(1)(c) substituted (28.7.2003 for N.I.) by
<ref eId="c00571" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247">The Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1247)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00572" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247/article/36/1">art. 36(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00573" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247/schedule/1/paragraph/15/a">Sch. 1 para. 15(a)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00574" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/nisr/2003/352">S.R. 2003/352</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00575" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/nisr/2003/352/article/2/d">art. 2(d)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18122381" marker="F26">
<p>
Words repealed (28.7.2003 for N.I.) by
<ref eId="c00576" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247">The Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1247)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00577" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247/article/36">art. 36</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00578" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247/schedule/1/paragraph/15/b">Sch. 1 para. 15(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00579" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/1247/schedule/2">Sch. 2</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00580" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/nisr/2003/352">S.R. 2003/352</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00581" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/nisr/2003/352/article/2/d">art. 2(d)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18123111" marker="F27">
<p>
Words in s. 32(1) inserted (19.12.2003) by
<ref eId="c00583" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00584" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00585" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/9/1/b">Sch. 5 para. 9(1)(b)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00586" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00587" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/2/a">art. 2(a)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c20409151" marker="F28">
<p>
<ref eId="c00590" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/32A">S. 32A</ref>
inserted (1.5.1995) by
<ref eId="c00591" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00592" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00593" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/VII/paragraph/36/1">Sch. 4 Pt. VII para. 36(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-2c3386b48610674bb8e2e82df2ea84b0" marker="F29">
<p>
S. 33 omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwdqig22-00005" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdqig22-00006" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/13">Sch. 19 paras. 13</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdqig22-00007" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-ff33d5ed6b9d20c0a5dd4d70b3c64696" marker="F30">
<p>
S. 33A omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwdrxff2-00005" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdrxff2-00006" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/14">Sch. 19 paras. 14</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdrxff2-00007" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18121621" marker="F31">
<p>
Words in s. 34(4) substituted (30.11.2003) by
<ref eId="c00641" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00642" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00643" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/schedule/5/paragraph/11">Sch. 5 para. 11</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00644" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00645" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086/article/2/b">art. 2(b)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-a77af96b2240a45173cbebb5beb05b15" marker="F32">
<p>
S. 35 omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwdt2kh2-00005" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdt2kh2-00006" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/15">Sch. 19 paras. 15</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdt2kh2-00007" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509621" marker="F33">
<p>
S. 35A inserted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00647" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/33/4">Sch. 4 para. 33(4)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00648" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00649" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00650" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/V/paragraph/32/2/4">Sch. 4 Pt. V para. 32(2)(4)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-d49b58199ec8957a8ee8e561b9f2ce34" marker="F34">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00006" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/part/III/crossheading/other-offences-relating-to-licences">s. 35A heading</ref>
substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/7/c">s. 89(7)(c)</ref>
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/10">(10)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509631" marker="F35">
<p>
Words in s. 35A(1)(a) inserted (19.3.1997) by
<ref eId="c00652" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16">1997 c. 16</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00653" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/section/19/2/a">s. 19(2)(a)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-e58a1ff795b567ba4cfc7652438c412e" marker="F36">
<p>
Words in s. 35A(1)(a) substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00016" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00017" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/7/a">s. 89(7)(a)</ref>
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00018" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/10">(10)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-3944b05f2ca9908a8e31e34f6a541cb0" marker="F37">
<p>
Words in s. 35A(1)(a) substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00025" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00026" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/16/2/a">Sch. 19 paras. 16(2)(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00027" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-4e6255baed38af9c2a8becd2e6b3d300" marker="F38">
<p>
Words in s. 35A(1)(b) substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00034" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00035" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/16/2/b">Sch. 19 paras. 16(2)(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00036" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-ff23913947af8e40f7effe862323a437" marker="F39">
<p>
S. 35A(3) omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00041" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00042" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/16/3">Sch. 19 paras. 16(3)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00043" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509671" marker="F40">
<p>
S. 35A(3)-(7) inserted (31.7.1998 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00666" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36/section/19/5">s. 19(5)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00667" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36">1998 c. 36</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00668" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36/section/19/3/5">s. 19(3)(5)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-69cc84f36c606f3ef6859ff65f651332" marker="F41">
<p>
Words in s. 35A(4) substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00050" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00051" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/16/4">Sch. 19 paras. 16(4)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00052" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18156831" marker="F42">
<p>
S. 35A(5)(a)(b) substituted for words (7.4.2005 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00670" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/7/section/7/15">s. 7(15)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00671" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/7">Finance Act 2005 (c. 7)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00672" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/7/section/7/6">s. 7(6)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c16988401" marker="F43">
<p>
Words in s. 35A(5)(b) substituted (24.7.2002 with application as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00674" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/18/4">s. 18(4)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00675" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00676" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/18/2">s. 18(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f" marker="F44">
<p>
S. 35A(7) substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00060" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00061" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/16/5">Sch. 19 paras. 16(5)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00062" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0eee94099135a9f699a81f694b39a796" marker="F45">
<p>
S. 35A(8) inserted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/7/b">s. 89(7)(b)</ref>
<ref eId="cpwdtzgb2-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/10">(10)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-2b67536b384b36161c3e23903e911abc" marker="F46">
<p>
Words in s. 36 heading substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00016" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00017" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/8/b">s. 89(8)(b)</ref>
<ref eId="cpwemuir2-00018" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/10">(10)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509781" marker="F47">
<p>
Words in s. 36(1) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00678" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/32/4">Sch. 4 para. 32(4)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00679" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00680" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00681" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/V/paragraph/32/3/4">Sch. 4 Pt. V para. 32(3)(4)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18156901" marker="F48">
<p>
S. 36(3)(a)(b) substituted for words (7.4.2005 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00683" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/7/section/7/15">s. 7(15)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00684" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/7">Finance Act 2005 (c. 7)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00685" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/7/section/7/6">s. 7(6)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c16988431" marker="F49">
<p>
Words in s. 36(3)(b) substituted (24.7.2002 with application as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00687" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/18/4">s. 18(4)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00688" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23">Finance Act 2002 (c. 23)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00689" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2002/23/section/18/2">s. 18(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509801" marker="F50">
<p>
S. 36(4)(4A) substituted (31.7.1998 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00691" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36/section/19/5">s. 19(5)</ref>
of the amending Act) for s. 36(4) by
<ref eId="c00692" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36">1998 c. 36</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00693" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36/section/19/3/5">s. 19(3)(5)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108" marker="F51">
<p>
S. 36(4A)(4B) substituted for s. 36(4A) (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwe4v122-00018" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwe4v122-00019" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/17/2">Sch. 19 paras. 17(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwe4v122-00020" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509811" marker="F52">
<p>
S. 36(6) inserted (31.7.1998 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00695" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36/section/19/5">s. 19(5)</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00696" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36">1998 c. 36</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00697" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1998/36/section/19/4/5">s. 19(4)(5)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-b61d631299959e12bac865cc09a70e0d" marker="F53">
<p>
Words in s. 36(6)(b) substituted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwe80ic2-00027" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwe80ic2-00028" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/17/3">Sch. 19 paras. 17(3)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwe80ic2-00029" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-026472f65c16353f4040b875950f1a84" marker="F54">
<p>
S. 36(7) inserted (1.10.2014) by
<ref eId="cpwe4v122-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwe4v122-00008" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/8/a">s. 89(8)(a)</ref>
<ref eId="cpwe4v122-00009" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/section/89/10">(10)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509821" marker="F55">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00698" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/37/2">s. 37(2)</ref>
repealed (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in Sch. 4 para. 37(3) and Sch. 29 Pt.V(3) Note 2 of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00699" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00700" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">ss. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00701" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/162">162</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00702" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/VII/paragraph/37/1/3">Sch. 4 Pt. VII para. 37(1)(3)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00703" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/29/part/V/3">Sch. 29 Pt.V(3)</ref>
Note 2
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509841" marker="F56">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00704" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/39/2/a">s. 39(2)(a)</ref>
substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00705" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00706" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00707" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00708" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/22/a">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00709" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509851" marker="F57">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00710" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/39/4/a">s. 39(4)(a)</ref>
substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00711" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00712" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00713" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00714" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/22/b">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00715" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509861" marker="F58">
<p>
Words after para. (b) in s. 39(4) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00716" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00717" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00718" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00719" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/22/c">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(c)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00720" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509871" marker="F59">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00721" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/39/5/a">s. 39(5)(a)</ref>
substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00722" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00723" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00724" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00725" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/22/b">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00726" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509881" marker="F60">
<p>
Words after para. (b) in s. 39(5) substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00727" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00728" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00729" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00730" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/22/c">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 22(c)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00731" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509891" marker="F61">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00732" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/40/2">s. 40(2)</ref>
substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00733" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00734" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00735" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00736" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/23/a">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 23(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00737" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12509901" marker="F62">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00738" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/40/2">s. 40(2)</ref>
substituted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00739" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00740" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00741" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00742" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/23/b">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 23(b)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00743" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0ae8f97069fd98f3ecde38020e451c7d" marker="F63">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00006" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/41/1/a">s. 41(1)(a)</ref>
substituted (1.12.2020) by
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00007" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17">Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/section/416/1">s. 416(1)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00009" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/schedule/24/paragraph/127">Sch. 24 para. 127</ref>
(with
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00010" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/schedule/24/paragraph/447">Sch. 24 para. 447</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00011" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/17/schedule/27">Sch. 27</ref>
);
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00012" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1236">S.I. 2020/1236</ref>
,
<ref eId="c4iazbu94-00013" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1236/regulation/2">reg. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12510091" marker="F64">
<p>
S. 41(1)(b) substituted (1.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00750" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40">1995 c. 40</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00751" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/section/5">ss. 5</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00752" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/section/7/2">7(2)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00753" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/40/schedule/4/paragraph/90/3">Sch. 4 para. 90(3)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12510171" marker="F65">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00758" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/42/5/b">s. 42(5)(b)</ref>
substituted (29.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00759" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00760" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/22/1">s. 22(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12510191" marker="F66">
<p>
<ref eId="c00762" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/42/6/b">S. 42(6)(b)</ref>
substituted (29.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00763" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00764" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/22/2">s. 22(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12510211" marker="F67">
<p>
<ref eId="c00766" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/43A">S. 43A</ref>
inserted (1.4.1998) by
<ref eId="c00767" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16">1997 c. 16</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00768" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/section/18">s. 18</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00769" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/schedule/3/paragraph/5">Sch. 3 para. 5</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00770" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560">S.I. 1998/560</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00771" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c12510221" marker="F68">
<p>
<ref eId="c00772" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/43B">S. 43B</ref>
inserted (17.9.2002) by
<ref eId="c00773" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/3">2001 c. 3</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00774" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/3/section/43">ss. 43</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00775" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/3/section/44">44</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00776" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/3/schedule/paragraph/5">Sch. para. 5</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00777" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2002/2377">S.I. 2002/2377</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00778" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2002/2377/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18235941" marker="F69">
<p>
<ref eId="c00859" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/43C">S. 43C</ref>
and preceding cross heading inserted (1.7.2005) by
<ref eId="c00860" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/15">Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00861" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/15/section/150/1">s. 150(1)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00862" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2005/1521">S.I. 2005/1521</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00863" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2005/1521/article/3/1/u">art. 3(1)(u)</ref>
(subject to
<ref eId="c00864" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2005/1521/article/3/4/5">art. 3(4)(5)</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18235841" marker="F70">
<p>
<ref eId="c00865" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/43C">S. 43C</ref>
and preceding cross heading inserted (1.7.2005) by
<ref eId="c00866" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/15">Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00867" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2005/15/section/150/1">s. 150(1)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00868" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2005/1521">S.I. 2005/1521</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00869" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2005/1521/article/3/1/u">art. 3(1)(u)</ref>
(subject to
<ref eId="c00870" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2005/1521/article/3/4/5">art. 3(4)(5)</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-96e96a258ea5b381701311c3387d6e69" marker="F71">
<p>
<rref eId="cpwea5102-00005" class="subref" from="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/44/2/a" upTo="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/44/2/c">S. 44(2)(a)-(c)</rref>
omitted (1.10.2014) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwea5102-00006" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwea5102-00007" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/18">Sch. 19 paras. 18</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwea5102-00008" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/19/paragraph/22">22</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18236861" marker="F72">
<p>
S. 45(2A) inserted (29.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00796" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00797" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/23">s. 23</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00798" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/11/1/2">Sch. 2 para. 11(1)(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18236871" marker="F73">
<p>
Words in s. 45(3) inserted (29.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00800" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00801" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/23">s. 23</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00802" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/11/1/3">Sch. 2 para. 11(1)(3)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18236881" marker="F74">
<p>
S. 45(3A)(3B) inserted (1.5.1995 with effect as mentioned in
<ref eId="c00804" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/paragraph/29">Sch. 4 para. 29</ref>
of the amending Act) by
<ref eId="c00805" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4">1995 c. 4</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00806" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/section/19">s. 19</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00807" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/24">Sch. 4 Pt. IV paras. 24</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00808" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1995/4/schedule/4/part/IV/paragraph/29">29</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="key-0d71e528d461b9104feaa2ed477b6492" marker="F75">
<p>
Words in s. 45(3A)(3B) omitted (1.1.2017) by virtue of
<ref eId="cpwiiql22-00011" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26">Finance Act 2014 (c. 26)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwiiql22-00012" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/18/paragraph/3/a">Sch. 18 paras. 3(a)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwiiql22-00013" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2014/26/schedule/18/paragraph/19">19</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18270791" marker="F76">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00837" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/46/1">s. 46(1)</ref>
substituted (1.4.1998) by
<ref eId="c00838" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16">1997 c. 16</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00839" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/section/18">s. 18</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00840" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/schedule/3/paragraph/7/1/a">Sch. 3 para. 7(1)(a)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00841" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560">S.I. 1998/560</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00842" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18270841" marker="F77">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00843" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/46/2/3">s. 46(2)(3)</ref>
inserted (1.4.1998) by
<ref eId="c00844" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16">1997 c. 16</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00845" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/section/18">s. 18</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00846" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/schedule/3/paragraph/7/1/b">Sch. 3 para. 7(1)(b)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00847" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560">S.I. 1998/560</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00848" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18270901" marker="F78">
<p>
Words in
<ref eId="c00849" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/46/2/3">s. 46(2)(3)</ref>
inserted (1.4.1998) by
<ref eId="c00850" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16">1997 c. 16</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00851" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/section/18">s. 18</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00852" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1997/16/schedule/3/paragraph/7/1/b">Sch. 3 para. 7(1)(b)</ref>
;
<ref eId="c00853" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560">S.I. 1998/560</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00854" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1998/560/article/2">art. 2</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="F" class="commentary F" eId="c18274591" marker="F79">
<p>
<ref eId="c00855" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/46A">S. 46A</ref>
inserted (29.4.1996) by
<ref eId="c00856" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8">1996 c. 8</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00857" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/section/23">s. 23</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00858" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1996/8/schedule/2/paragraph/12">Sch. 2 para. 12</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="key-cf8766bcb429e843dfdab670e32a1854" marker="C1">
<p>
<ref eId="cpwjscck2-00017" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1994/22/section/29/1">S. 29(1)</ref>
excluded by 1988 c. 52, s. 12E (as inserted (10.3.2017) by
<ref eId="cpwjscck2-00018" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2015/20">Deregulation Act 2015 (c. 20)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwjscck2-00019" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2015/20/section/73/3">ss. 73(3)</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwjscck2-00020" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2015/20/section/115/7">115(7)</ref>
;
<ref eId="cpwjscck2-00021" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2017/273">S.I. 2017/273</ref>
,
<ref eId="cpwjscck2-00022" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2017/273/article/2/a">art. 2(a)</ref>
)
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c19076081" marker="C2">
<p>
S. 31A excluded (27.11.2003) by The Finance Act 2002, Section 19 (Appointed Days etc.) Order 2003 (
<ref eId="c00547" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2003/3086">S.I. 2003/3086</ref>
), {art. 3}
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c18236841" marker="C3">
<p>
S. 45 applied (28.7.2000) by
<ref eId="c00786" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2000/17">2000 c. 17</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00787" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2000/17/section/20/10">s. 20(10)</ref>
</p>
<p>
S. 45 applied (1.7.2001) by
<ref eId="c00789" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/9">2001 c. 9</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00790" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/9/section/8/10/11/12">s. 8(10)(11)(12)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="C" class="commentary C" eId="c18236851" marker="C4">
<p>
S. 45 excluded (8.2.2007) by
<ref eId="c00792" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/36">Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006 (c. 36)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00793" class="subref operative" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/36/section/51/6">ss. 51(6)</ref>
,
<ref eId="c00794" class="subref" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2006/36/section/126/2">126(2)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c20409131" marker="M1">
<p>
<ref eId="c00588" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1980/43">1980 c. 43</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c20409141" marker="M2">
<p>
<ref eId="c00589" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/apni/1954/9">1954 c. 9 (N.I.)</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c12510101" marker="M3">
<p>
<ref eId="c00754" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/apni/1950/7">1950 c. 7 (N.I.)</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c12510111" marker="M4">
<p>
<ref eId="c00755" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1980/43">1980 c. 43</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c12510121" marker="M5">
<p>
<ref eId="c00756" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/apni/1954/9">1954 c. 9 (N.I.)</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c12510161" marker="M6">
<p>
<ref eId="c00757" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1988/52">1988 c. 52</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c12510181" marker="M7">
<p>
<ref eId="c00761" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1988/52">1988 c. 52</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
<note ukl:Name="Commentary" ukl:Type="M" class="commentary M" eId="c12510201" marker="M8">
<p>
<ref eId="c00765" href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/nisi/1995/2994">S.I. 1995/2994 (N.I. 18)</ref>
.
</p>
</note>
</notes>
<proprietary xmlns:ukm="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/metadata" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" source="#">
<dc:identifier>http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/22/part/III/2020-12-01</dc:identifier>
<dc:title>Vehicle Excise and Registration Act 1994</dc:title>
<dc:description>An Act to consolidate the enactments relating to vehicle excise duty and the registration of vehicles.</dc:description>
<dc:date>1994-07-05</dc:date>
<dc:type>text</dc:type>
<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
<dc:language>en</dc:language>
<dc:publisher>Statute Law Database</dc:publisher>
<dc:modified>2024-05-28</dc:modified>
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<ukm:Number Value="22"/>
<ukm:EnactmentDate Date="1994-07-05"/>
</ukm:PrimaryMetadata>
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<ukm:Alternative Date="2008-03-02" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/22/pdfs/ukpga_19940022_en.pdf" Title="Print Version"/>
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</meta>
<body eId="body">
<part eId="part-III" uk:target="true">
<num>Part III</num>
<heading> Offences</heading>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-offence-of-using-or-keeping-unlicensed-vehicle">
<heading> Offence of using or keeping unlicensed vehicle</heading>
<section eId="section-29">
<num>29</num>
<heading> Penalty for using or keeping unlicensed vehicle.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-29-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>
If a person uses, or keeps,
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-0b3bfa415901f1a6905f15061f19fca9-1501164062881" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0b3bfa415901f1a6905f15061f19fca9">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-0b3bfa415901f1a6905f15061f19fca9" class="commentary"/>
a vehicle
</ins>
which is unlicensed he is guilty of an offence.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>For the purposes of subsection (1) a vehicle is unlicensed if no vehicle licence or trade licence is in force for or in respect of the vehicle.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-2A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d" class="commentary"/>
(2A)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-2A-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">it is an exempt vehicle in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force and a nil licence is in force in respect of the vehicle, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-2A-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">it is an exempt vehicle that is not one in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-2B">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(2B)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-2B-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">the vehicle is being neither used nor kept on a public road, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-2B-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">the particulars and declaration required to be furnished and made by regulations under section 22(1D) have been furnished and made in accordance with the regulations and the terms of the declaration have at no time been breached.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-2C">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(2C)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if the vehicle is kept by a motor trader or vehicle tester at business premises.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-2D">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(2D)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision amending this section for the purpose of providing further exceptions from subsection (1) (or varying or revoking any such further exceptions).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-2E">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">(2E)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d-1501163853625" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-1ac0183e6f921a6004d1e72ab0cbc75d">A person accused of an offence under subsection (1) is not entitled to the benefit of an exception from subsection (1) conferred by or under this section unless evidence is adduced that is sufficient to raise an issue with respect to that exception; but where evidence is so adduced it is for the prosecution to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the exception does not apply.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p4355" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509261">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509261" class="commentary"/>
Subject to subsection (3A)
</ins>
a person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to an excise penalty of—
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>level 3 on the standard scale, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
five times the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-e5a55a0091329546521db2fe566fe34c-1501164112671" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-e5a55a0091329546521db2fe566fe34c">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-e5a55a0091329546521db2fe566fe34c" class="commentary"/>
in respect of using or keeping the vehicle on a public road
</ins>
,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>whichever is the greater.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-3A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509271" class="commentary"/>
(3A)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">In the case of a person who—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-3A-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">has provided the Secretary of State with a declaration or statement (in pursuance of regulations under section 22) that the vehicle will not during a period specified in the declaration or statement be used or kept on a public road, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-29-3A-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">commits an offence under subsection (1) within a period prescribed by regulations,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p4373" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509271">subsection (3) applies as if the reference in paragraph (a) to level 3 were a reference to level 4.</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>
Where a vehicle for which a vehicle licence is in force is transferred by the holder of the licence to another person, the licence is to be treated for the purposes of subsection (2) as no longer in force
<noteRef href="#key-7d71a835bcf3fecbdc04db33c2c40795" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
... .
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-5">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-29c1d5682657bf72bed34d5959d4e5c0" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
(5)
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-6">
<num>(6)</num>
<content>
<p>The amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of a vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsection (3)(b) to be an amount equal to the annual rate of duty applicable to the vehicle at the date on which the offence was committed.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-7">
<num>(7)</num>
<content>
<p>
Where in the case of a vehicle
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-41525b4e65e2b20a409a3e21add56431-1501164017156" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-41525b4e65e2b20a409a3e21add56431">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-41525b4e65e2b20a409a3e21add56431" class="commentary"/>
not being used
</ins>
on a public road that annual rate differs from the annual rate by reference to which the vehicle was at that date chargeable under
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p4433" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18083031">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18083031" class="commentary"/>
section 2(3) to (6)
</ins>
, the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle is to be taken for those purposes to be an amount equal to the latter rate.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-29-8">
<num>(8)</num>
<content>
<p>In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (6) and (7) to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-30">
<num>30</num>
<heading> Additional liability for keeper of unlicensed vehicle.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-30-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>Where the person convicted of an offence under section 29 is the person by whom the vehicle in respect of which the offence was committed was kept at the time at which it was committed, the court shall (in addition to any penalty which it may impose under that section) order him to pay the amount specified in subsection (2).</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-30-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>
The amount referred to in subsection (1) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the annual rate of vehicle excise duty
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-e479fdcbfb7479db0e339c2223400ed9-1501164256889" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-e479fdcbfb7479db0e339c2223400ed9">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-e479fdcbfb7479db0e339c2223400ed9" class="commentary"/>
chargeable in respect of using or keeping the vehicle on a public road
</ins>
for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period (within the meaning of section 31).
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-30-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>In relation to any month or part of a month in the relevant period, the reference in subsection (2) to the annual rate of vehicle excise duty appropriate to the vehicle is a reference to the annual rate applicable to it at the beginning of that month or part.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-30-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<intro>
<p>A vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of this section to have belonged throughout the relevant period to the description of vehicle to which it belonged for the purposes of vehicle excise duty at—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-30-4-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the date on which the offence was committed, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-30-4-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>if the prosecution so elect, the date when a vehicle licence for it was last issued,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>except so far as it is proved to have fallen within some other description for the whole of any month or part of a month in that period.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-30-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<content>
<p>In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of this section to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-31">
<num>31</num>
<heading> Relevant period for purposes of section 30.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-31-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>For the purposes of section 30 the relevant period is the period—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>ending with the date on which the offence was committed, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>beginning as provided by subsections (2) to (4).</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>Subject to subsection (4), if the person convicted has before the date of the offence notified the Secretary of State of his acquisition of the vehicle in accordance with regulations made by the Secretary of State, the relevant period begins with—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the date on which the notification was received by the Secretary of State, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>the expiry of the vehicle licence last in force for the vehicle,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>whichever is the later.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>Subject to subsection (4), in any other case the relevant period begins with—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the expiry of the vehicle licence last in force for the vehicle before the date on which the offence was committed, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>if there has not at any time before that date been a vehicle licence in force for the vehicle, the date on which the vehicle was first kept by the person convicted.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-4-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the person convicted has been ordered to pay an amount under section 30 on the occasion of a previous conviction for an offence in respect of the same vehicle, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-4-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>that offence was committed after the date specified in subsection (2) or (3) as the date with which the relevant period begins,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>the relevant period instead begins with the month immediately following that in which the earlier offence was committed.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where the person convicted proves—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-5-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>that throughout any month or part of a month in the relevant period the vehicle was not kept by him, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-5-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
that he has paid the duty due
<noteRef href="#c12509281" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . .in respect of the vehicle for any such month or part of a month,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>any amount which the person is ordered to pay under section 30 is to be calculated as if that month or part of a month were not in the relevant period.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-6">
<num>(6)</num>
<content>
<p>Where a person has previously been ordered under section 36 to pay an amount for a month or part of a month in the case of a vehicle, any amount which he is ordered to pay under section 30 in the case of the vehicle is to be calculated as if no part of that month were in the relevant period.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-7">
<num>(7)</num>
<intro>
<p>In this section references to the expiry of a vehicle licence include a reference to—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-7-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
its
<noteRef href="#key-36cd1a713658d639dd70a3b93bd6110e" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
...
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-0a7dc7ae452897d88a7f8999e6881ddf-1501231136112" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0a7dc7ae452897d88a7f8999e6881ddf">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-0a7dc7ae452897d88a7f8999e6881ddf" class="commentary"/>
ceasing to be in force under section 19(7)
</ins>
, and
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31-7-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>its being treated as no longer in force for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 29 by subsection (4) of that section.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31-8">
<num>(8)</num>
<content>
<p>In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of this section to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-offence-of-being-registered-keeper-of-unlicensed-vehicle">
<heading>
<noteRef href="#M_F_b3c8652b-5e0f-415c-dff9-d1904fb9016a" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">Offence of being registered keeper of unlicensed vehicle</ins>
</heading>
<section eId="section-31A">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">31A</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589"> Offence by registered keeper where vehicle unlicensed</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-31A-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(1)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">If a vehicle registered under this Act is unlicensed, the person in whose name the vehicle is registered is guilty of an offence.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31A-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(2)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">For the purposes of this section a vehicle is unlicensed if no vehicle licence or trade licence is in force for or in respect of the vehicle.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31A-3">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(3)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">Subsection (1) does not apply to a vehicle if—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31A-3-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">it is an exempt vehicle in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force and a nil licence is in force in respect of the vehicle, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31A-3-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">it is an exempt vehicle that is not one in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31A-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(4)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">Where a vehicle for which a vehicle licence is in force is transferred by the holder of the licence to another person, the licence is to be treated for the purposes of subsection (2) as no longer in force </ins>
<noteRef href="#key-c35d9f690e01650571badfe4042de06c" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">... .</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31A-5">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-48d7a900140bd715c9c90a6126e15344" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(5)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-31B">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">31B</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589"> Exceptions to section 31A</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-31B-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(1)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">A person (“</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-the-registered-keeper" eId="term-the-registered-keeper">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the registered keeper</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">”) in whose name an unlicensed vehicle is registered at any particular time (“</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-the-relevant-time" eId="term-the-relevant-time">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the relevant time</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">”) does not commit an offence under section 31A at that time if any of the following conditions are satisfied.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(2)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The first condition is that the registered keeper—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-2-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">is not at the relevant time the person keeping the vehicle, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-2-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">if previously he was the person keeping the vehicle, he has by the relevant time complied with any requirements under section 22(1)(d)—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31B-2-b-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">that are prescribed for the purposes of this condition, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31B-2-b-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">that he is required to have complied with by the relevant or any earlier time.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-3">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(3)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The second condition is that—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-3-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the registered keeper is at the relevant time the person keeping the vehicle,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-3-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">at the relevant time the vehicle is neither kept nor used on a public road, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-3-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(c)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the registered keeper has by the relevant time complied with any requirements under section 22(1D)—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31B-3-c-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">that are prescribed for the purposes of this condition, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31B-3-c-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">that he is required to have complied with by the relevant or any earlier time.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(4)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The third condition is that—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-4-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the vehicle has been stolen before the relevant time,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-4-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the vehicle has not been recovered by the relevant time, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-4-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">any requirements under subsection (6) that, in connection with the theft, are required to have been complied with by the relevant or any earlier time have been complied with by the relevant time.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-5">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(5)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The fourth condition is that the relevant time falls within a period (“</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-the-grace-days" eId="term-the-grace-days">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the grace days</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">”)—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-5-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">beginning with the expiry of the last vehicle licence to be in force for the vehicle, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-5-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">of a prescribed length,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">and a vehicle licence for the vehicle is taken out within the grace days for a period beginning with the grace days.</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-6">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(6)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision for the purposes of subsection (4)(c) as to the persons to whom, the times at which and the manner in which the theft of a vehicle is to be notified.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-7">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(7)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The Secretary of State may by regulations make provision amending this section for the purpose of providing for further exceptions to section 31A(1) (or varying or revoking any such further exceptions).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-8">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(8)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">A person accused of an offence under section 31A(1) is not entitled to the benefit of an exception conferred by or under this section unless evidence is adduced that is sufficient to raise an issue with respect to that exception, but where evidence is so adduced it is for the prosecution to prove beyond reasonable doubt that the exception does not apply.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31B-9">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(9)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">In this section—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-9-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">references to the expiry of a vehicle licence include a reference to—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31B-9-a-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">its </ins>
<noteRef href="#key-5237d2571743d286da4e910ea7e11134" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">... </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-7dfb4dd3c051d2b1479056a46de6ea83-1501231283360" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-7dfb4dd3c051d2b1479056a46de6ea83">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-7dfb4dd3c051d2b1479056a46de6ea83" class="commentary"/>
ceasing to be in force under section 19(7)
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31B-9-a-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">its being treated as no longer in force for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 31A by subsection (4) of that section;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31B-9-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589"></ins>
<term refersTo="#term-prescribed" eId="term-prescribed">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">prescribed</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">” means prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-31C">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">31C</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589"> Penalties for offences under section 31A</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-31C-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(1)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">A person guilty of an offence under section 31A(1) is liable on summary conviction to—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-1-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">an excise penalty of—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-1-a-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">level 3 on the standard scale, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-1-a-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">five times the amount of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle concerned,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">whichever is the greater; and</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-1-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">if subsection (3) applies to him, an excise penalty (in addition to any under paragraph (a)) of an amount that complies with subsection (2).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31C-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(2)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">An amount complies with this subsection if it—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-2-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">is not less than the greater of—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-2-a-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the maximum of the penalty to which the person is liable under subsection (1)(a), and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-2-a-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the amount of the supplement (if any) that became payable by him by reason of non-renewal of the vehicle licence for the vehicle that last expired before the commission of the offence; and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-2-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">is not more than the greatest of—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-2-b-i">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(i)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the maximum of the penalty to which the person is liable under subsection (1)(a),</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-2-b-ii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(ii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">the amount mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii), and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-31C-2-b-iii">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(iii)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">ten times the amount of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31C-3">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(3)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">This subsection applies to the person if—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-3-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">he was, at the time proceedings for the offence were commenced, the person in whose name the vehicle concerned was registered under this Act, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-3-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">that vehicle was unlicensed throughout the period beginning with the commission of the offence and ending with the commencement of those proceedings.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31C-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(4)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">The amount of vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of a vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (1) and (2) to be an amount equal to the annual rate of duty applicable to the vehicle at the date on which the offence was committed.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31C-5">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(5)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">Where in the case of a vehicle kept (but not used) on a public road that annual rate differs from the annual rate by reference to which the vehicle was at that date chargeable under section 2(3) to (6), the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle is to be taken for those purposes to be an amount equal to the latter rate.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31C-6">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(6)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (4) and (5) to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-31C-7">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(7)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">In this section, references to the expiry of a vehicle licence include a reference to—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-7-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">its </ins>
<noteRef href="#key-1ef6dc85fef91e4c1688fe0d44cc6448" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">... </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-d4c9aca1a6f06e3e08424c9f319b8af0-1501231396988" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d4c9aca1a6f06e3e08424c9f319b8af0">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-d4c9aca1a6f06e3e08424c9f319b8af0" class="commentary"/>
ceasing to be in force under section 19(7)
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-31C-7-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="M_F_9bc150bc-3883-4615-f829-d88bc864f535-1506943902589">its being treated as no longer in force for the purposes of subsection (2) of section 31A by subsection (4) of that section.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-offences-under-sections-29-and-31a-supplementary">
<heading>Offences under sections 29 and 31A: supplementary</heading>
<section eId="section-32">
<num>32</num>
<heading>
Sections 29 to
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5036" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18123121">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18123121" class="commentary"/>
31C
</ins>
: supplementary.
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-32-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>
Where in the case of an offence under section 29
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5050" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18123081">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18123081" class="commentary"/>
or 31A
</ins>
there is made against a person—
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-32-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
an order under
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-81c33f755dd6199107cb04ccd14b09b1-1617106923815" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-81c33f755dd6199107cb04ccd14b09b1">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-81c33f755dd6199107cb04ccd14b09b1" class="commentary"/>
section 79 or 80 of the Sentencing Code
</ins>
discharging him absolutely or conditionally,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-32-1-b">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5064" ukl:CommentaryRef="c20409121">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c20409121" class="commentary"/>
(b)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5064" ukl:CommentaryRef="c20409121">or an order under section 228 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 placing him on probation or under 246(3) of that Act discharging him absolutely, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-32-1-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>
an order under the
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5078" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18122351">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18122351" class="commentary"/>
Article 4 of the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 1996
</ins>
discharging him absolutely or conditionally
<noteRef href="#c18122381" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . . ,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
he is to be treated for the purposes of sections 29 to 31
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5086" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18123111">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18123111" class="commentary"/>
or (as the case may be) sections 31A to 31C
</ins>
as having been convicted.
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-32-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>Section 30 has effect subject to the provisions (applying with the necessary modifications) of any enactment relating to the imposition of fines by magistrates’ courts and courts of summary jurisdiction, other than any conferring a discretion as to their amount.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-32-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where a sum is payable by virtue of an order under section 30—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-32-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
in England and Wales, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of Part III of the
<noteRef href="#c20409131" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 (including any enactment having effect as if contained in that Part) and of any other enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by magistrates’ courts,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-32-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>in Scotland, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of any enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by courts of summary jurisdiction, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-32-3-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>
in Northern Ireland, the sum is recoverable as a sum adjudged to be paid by a conviction and is to be treated for all purposes as a fine within the meaning of section 20 of the
<noteRef href="#c20409141" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Administration of Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1954.
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-32A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5130" ukl:CommentaryRef="c20409151">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c20409151" class="commentary"/>
32A
</ins>
</num>
<heading> Immobilisation, removal and disposal of vehicles.</heading>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5130" ukl:CommentaryRef="c20409151">Schedule 2A (which relates to the immobilisation of vehicles as regards which it appears that an offence under section 29(1) is being committed and to their removal and disposal) shall have effect.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-other-offences-relating-to-licences">
<heading> Other offences relating to licences</heading>
<section eId="section-33">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-2c3386b48610674bb8e2e82df2ea84b0" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
33
</num>
<heading> Not exhibiting licence.</heading>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-33A">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-ff33d5ed6b9d20c0a5dd4d70b3c64696" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
33A
</num>
<heading>Not exhibiting licence: period of grace</heading>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-34">
<num>34</num>
<heading> Trade licences: penalties.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-34-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person holding a trade licence or trade licences is guilty of an offence if he—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-34-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>uses at any one time on a public road a greater number of vehicles (not being vehicles for which vehicle licences are for the time being in force) than he is authorised to use by virtue of the trade licence or licences,</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-34-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>uses a vehicle (not being a vehicle for which a vehicle licence is for the time being in force) on a public road for any purpose other than a purpose which has been prescribed under section 12(2)(b), or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-34-1-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>uses the trade licence, or any of the trade licences, for the purposes of keeping on a public road in any circumstances other than circumstances which have been prescribed under section 12(1)(c) a vehicle which is not being used on that road.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-34-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to an excise penalty of—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-34-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>level 3 on the standard scale, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-34-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>five times the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of (in the case of an offence under subsection (1)(a)) the vehicles which he is not authorised to use or (in the case of an offence under subsection (1)(b) or (c)) the vehicle concerned,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>whichever is the greater.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-34-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>The amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of a vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsection (2) to be an amount equal to the annual rate of duty applicable to the vehicle at the date on which the offence was committed.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-34-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>
Where in the case of a vehicle kept (but not used) on a public road that annual rate differs from the annual rate by reference to which the vehicle was at that date chargeable under
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5325" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18121621">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18121621" class="commentary"/>
section 2(3) to (6)
</ins>
, the amount of the vehicle excise duty chargeable in respect of the vehicle is to be taken for those purposes to be an amount equal to the latter rate.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-34-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<content>
<p>In the case of a conviction for a continuing offence, the offence is to be taken for the purposes of subsections (3) and (4) to have been committed on the date or latest date to which the conviction relates.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-35">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-a77af96b2240a45173cbebb5beb05b15" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
35
</num>
<heading> Failure to return licence.</heading>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-35A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509621" class="commentary"/>
35A
</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-d49b58199ec8957a8ee8e561b9f2ce34-1506943814831" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-d49b58199ec8957a8ee8e561b9f2ce34">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-d49b58199ec8957a8ee8e561b9f2ce34" class="commentary"/>
Failed payments
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">.</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-35A-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">(1)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">In a case where—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-1-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">a notice sent as mentioned in section 19A(2)(b) </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5376" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509631">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509631" class="commentary"/>
or 19B(2)(c)
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621"> or a further notice sent as mentioned in section 19A(3)(d)</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-e58a1ff795b567ba4cfc7652438c412e-1506942495001" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-e58a1ff795b567ba4cfc7652438c412e">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-e58a1ff795b567ba4cfc7652438c412e" class="commentary"/>
, 19B(3)(d) or 19B(5)(f)
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-3944b05f2ca9908a8e31e34f6a541cb0-1506942693522" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-3944b05f2ca9908a8e31e34f6a541cb0">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-3944b05f2ca9908a8e31e34f6a541cb0" class="commentary"/>
requires a person to pay the amount specified in subsection (4) within such reasonable period as is specified in the notice
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-1-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">the person fails to comply with the requirement </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-4e6255baed38af9c2a8becd2e6b3d300-1506942729709" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-4e6255baed38af9c2a8becd2e6b3d300">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-4e6255baed38af9c2a8becd2e6b3d300" class="commentary"/>
within that period
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">he shall be liable on summary conviction to a penalty of an amount found under subsection (2).</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">(2)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">The amount is whichever is the greater of—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-2-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">level 3 on the standard scale;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-2-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">an amount equal to five times the annual rate of duty that was payable on the grant of the licence or would have been so payable if it had been taken out for a period of twelve months.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-3">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-ff23913947af8e40f7effe862323a437" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509671" class="commentary"/>
(3)
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">(4)</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">The amount referred to in </ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-69cc84f36c606f3ef6859ff65f651332-1506942784553" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-69cc84f36c606f3ef6859ff65f651332">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-69cc84f36c606f3ef6859ff65f651332" class="commentary"/>
subsection (1)(a)
</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671"> is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period.</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-5">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">(5)</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">The reference in subsection (4) to the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty is a reference </ins>
</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-5-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5449" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156831">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18156831" class="commentary"/>
(a)
</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5449" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156831">in the case of a vehicle licence, to the annual rate which at the beginning of the relevant period was applicable to a vehicle of the description specified in the application, or</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-5-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5449" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156831">(b)</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5449" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156831"> in the case of a trade licence, to the basic goods vehicle rate (within the meaning of section 13) which was applicable at that time (or to the annual rate which at that time was applicable</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671"> to a vehicle falling within sub-paragraph </ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5464" ukl:CommentaryRef="c16988401">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c16988401" class="commentary"/>
(1)(d)
</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671"> of paragraph 2 of that Schedule if the licence was to be used only for vehicles to which that paragraph applies).</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p/>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-6">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">(6)</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">For the purposes of subsection (4) the relevant period is the period—</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-6-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">(a)</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">beginning with the first day of the period for which the licence was applied for or, if later, the day on which the licence first was to have effect, and</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-6-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">(b)</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">ending with whichever is the earliest of the times specified in subsection (7).</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-7">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f" class="commentary"/>
(7)
</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">In the case of a requirement in a notice relating to a vehicle licence, those times are—</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-7-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">(a)</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">the end of the month in which the notice under section 19A(2)(b) or 19B(2)(c) or the further notice under section 19A(3)(d), 19B(3)(d) or 19B(5)(f) was sent,</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-7-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">(b)</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">the date on which the licence was due to expire, and</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-35A-7-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">(c)</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">the end of the month preceding that in which there first had effect a new vehicle licence for the vehicle in question;</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5418" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509671">
<ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f-1506942809341" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-698b3f51f0fbcd1bebc96365cbf9d38f">and, in a case of a requirement in a notice relating to a trade licence, those times are the times specified in paragraphs (a) and (b).</ins>
</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-35A-8">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-0eee94099135a9f699a81f694b39a796-1506942534808" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0eee94099135a9f699a81f694b39a796">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-0eee94099135a9f699a81f694b39a796" class="commentary"/>
(8)
</ins>
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5357" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509621">
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-0eee94099135a9f699a81f694b39a796-1506942534808" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0eee94099135a9f699a81f694b39a796">In a case where a notice is sent as mentioned in section 19B(5)(f) the amounts specified in subsections (2)(b) and (4) are to be calculated on the basis of the rate described in section 4(1)(b) or 13(3A) (whichever is relevant).</ins>
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-36">
<num>36</num>
<heading>
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-2b67536b384b36161c3e23903e911abc-1506943840696" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-2b67536b384b36161c3e23903e911abc">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-2b67536b384b36161c3e23903e911abc" class="commentary"/>
Failed payments
</ins>
: additional liability.
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-36-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>
Where a person has been convicted of an offence under section
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5534" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509781">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509781" class="commentary"/>
35A
</ins>
in relation to a vehicle licence or a trade licence, the court shall (in addition to any penalty which it may impose under that section) order him to pay the amount specified in subsection (2).
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>The amount referred to in subsection (1) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>The reference in subsection (2) to the appropriate annual rate of vehicle excise duty is a reference </p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-3-a">
<num>
<ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5550" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156901">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18156901" class="commentary"/>
(a)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5550" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156901">in the case of a vehicle licence, to the annual rate which at the beginning of the relevant period was applicable to a vehicle of the description specified in the application, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-3-b">
<num>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5550" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156901">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5550" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18156901">in the case of a trade licence, to the basic goods vehicle rate (within the meaning of section 13) which was applicable at that time (or to the annual rate which at that time was applicable</ins>
to a vehicle falling within sub-paragraph
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5565" ukl:CommentaryRef="c16988431">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c16988431" class="commentary"/>
(1)(d)
</ins>
of paragraph 2 of that Schedule if the licence was to be used only for vehicles to which that paragraph applies).
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p/>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-4">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5570" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509801">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509801" class="commentary"/>
(4)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5570" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509801">For the purposes of this section the relevant period is the period—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-4-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5570" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509801">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5570" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509801">beginning with the first day of the period for which the licence was applied for or, if later, the day on which the licence first was to have effect, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-4-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5570" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509801">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5570" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509801">ending with whichever is the earliest of the times specified in subsection (4A).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-4A">
<num>
<ins class="substitution first" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108" class="commentary"/>
(4A)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">In the case of a vehicle licence, those times are—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-4A-a">
<num>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">the end of the month in which the relevant notice was sent,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-4A-b">
<num>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">the date on which the licence was due to expire, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-4A-c">
<num>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">the end of the month preceding that in which there first had effect a new licence for the vehicle in question;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">and, in the case of a trade licence, those times are the times specified in paragraphs (a) and (b).</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-4B">
<num>
<ins class="substitution" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">(4B)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="substitution last" ukl:ChangeId="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108-1506943036481" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-753877c860b24bbd05b4a793ae5f3108">In subsection (4A)(a), the “relevant notice” is the notice under section 19A(2)(b) or 19B(2)(c) or the further notice under section 19A(3)(d), 19B(3)(d) or 19B(5)(f) which contained the requirement which was not complied with, resulting in the conviction of an offence under section 35A.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<content>
<p>Where a person has previously been ordered under section 30 to pay an amount for a month or part of a month in the case of a vehicle, any amount which he is ordered to pay under this section in the case of a vehicle licence for the vehicle is to be calculated as if no part of that month were in the relevant period.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-6">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509811" class="commentary"/>
(6)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">Where—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-6-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">a person has been convicted of an offence under section 35A in relation to a vehicle licence or a trade licence, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-36-6-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">a requirement to pay an amount with respect to that licence has been imposed on that person by virtue of </ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-b61d631299959e12bac865cc09a70e0d-1506943121992" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-b61d631299959e12bac865cc09a70e0d">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-b61d631299959e12bac865cc09a70e0d" class="commentary"/>
section 35A(1)(a)
</ins>
</ins>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5628" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509811">the order to pay an amount under this section shall have effect instead of that requirement and the amount to be paid under the order shall be reduced by any amount actually paid in pursuance of the requirement.</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-36-7">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="key-026472f65c16353f4040b875950f1a84-1506942980631" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-026472f65c16353f4040b875950f1a84">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-026472f65c16353f4040b875950f1a84" class="commentary"/>
(7)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="key-026472f65c16353f4040b875950f1a84-1506942980631" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-026472f65c16353f4040b875950f1a84">In a case where a notice is sent as mentioned in section 19B(5)(f) the amount specified in subsection (2) is to be calculated on the basis of the rate described in section 4(1)(b) or 13(3A) (whichever is relevant).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-offence-of-not-paying-duty-chargeable-at-higher-rate">
<heading> Offence of not paying duty chargeable at higher rate</heading>
<section eId="section-37">
<num>37</num>
<heading> Penalty for not paying duty chargeable at higher rate.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-37-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-37-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>a vehicle licence has been taken out for a vehicle at any rate of vehicle excise duty,</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-37-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>at any time while the licence is in force the vehicle is so used that duty at a higher rate becomes chargeable in respect of the licence for the vehicle under section 15, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-37-1-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>duty at that higher rate was not paid before the vehicle was so used,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>the person so using the vehicle is guilty of an offence.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-37-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>
A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction
<noteRef href="#c12509821" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . . to an excise penalty of—
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-37-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
level 3 on the standard scale
<noteRef href="#c12509821" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
. . ., or
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-37-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>five times the difference between the duty actually paid on the licence and the amount of the duty at the higher rate,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>whichever is the greater.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-38">
<num>38</num>
<heading> Additional liability for keeper of vehicle chargeable at higher rate.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-38-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>Where the person convicted of an offence under section 37 is the person by whom the vehicle in respect of which the offence was committed was kept at the time at which it was committed, the court shall (in addition to any penalty which it may impose under that section) order him to pay the amount specified in subsection (2).</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>The amount referred to in subsection (1) is an amount equal to one-twelfth of the difference between—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the rate of duty at which the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-38-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>the relevant higher rate of duty (within the meaning of section 39) in relation to the vehicle,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>for each month, or part of a month, in the relevant period (within the meaning of section 40).</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>A vehicle is to be taken for the purposes of subsection (2) to have belonged throughout the relevant period to the description of vehicle to which it belonged for the purposes of vehicle excise duty at the date on which the offence was committed, except so far as it is proved to have fallen within some other description for the whole of any month or part of a month in that period.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>Where a person is convicted of more than one offence under section 37 in respect of the same vehicle (whether or not in the same proceedings), the court shall (in calculating the amount payable under this section in respect of any of the offences) reduce the amount in relation to any period by any amount ordered to be paid under this section in relation to the period in respect of any other such offence.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-39">
<num>39</num>
<heading> Relevant higher rate of duty for purposes of section 38.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-39-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>For the purposes of section 38 the relevant higher rate of duty in relation to a vehicle is the rate provided by this section.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
at the time of the offence the vehicle had a
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5784" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509841">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509841" class="commentary"/>
revenue weight
</ins>
which exceeded that which it had when the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out, and
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>the licence was taken out at the rate applicable to the previous weight,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the higher weight.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the vehicle is a tractive unit,</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<intro>
<p>the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate applicable to the use of the vehicle—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para2" eId="section-39-3-b-i">
<num>(i)</num>
<content>
<p>only with semi-trailers having not fewer than two axles, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para2" eId="section-39-3-b-ii">
<num>(ii)</num>
<content>
<p>only with semi-trailers having not fewer than three axles, and</p>
</content>
</level>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-3-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>the offence consisted in using the vehicle with a semi-trailer with a smaller number of axles,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the use of the vehicle which constituted the offence.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-4-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate applicable, by virtue of paragraph 13 of Schedule 1, to a weight lower than the
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5846" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509851">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509851" class="commentary"/>
revenue weight
</ins>
of the vehicle, and
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-4-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>the offence consisted in using the vehicle in contravention of a condition imposed under or by virtue of sub-paragraph (2) of that paragraph,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5858" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509861">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509861" class="commentary"/>
revenue weight
</ins>
of the vehicle.
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-5-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate lower than that applicable to it by reference to its
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5874" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509871">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509871" class="commentary"/>
revenue weight
</ins>
, and
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-5-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>none of subsections (2) to (4) apply,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5886" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509881">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509881" class="commentary"/>
revenue weight
</ins>
of the vehicle.
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-6">
<num>(6)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-6-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out at a rate lower than that at which duty was chargeable in respect of the condition, manner or purpose of use of the vehicle which constituted the offence, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-39-6-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>none of subsections (2) to (5) apply,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>the relevant higher rate of duty is the rate which would have been applicable had the licence been taken out by reference to the condition, manner or purpose of use of the vehicle which constituted the offence.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-40">
<num>40</num>
<heading> Relevant period for purposes of section 38.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-40-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>For the purposes of section 38 the relevant period is the period—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-40-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>ending with the date on which the offence was committed, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-40-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>beginning as provided by subsection (2) or (3).</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-40-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>
If the offence consists in the vehicle having a
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5942" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509891">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509891" class="commentary"/>
revenue weight
</ins>
which exceeds that which it had when the licence in relation to which the offence was committed was taken out, the relevant period begins with the date on which the vehicle
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p5946" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12509901">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12509901" class="commentary"/>
became a vehicle with a higher revenue weight
</ins>
.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-40-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>In any other case, the relevant period begins with the date on which the licence in relation to which the offence was committed first took effect.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-40-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where the person convicted proves—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-40-4-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>that throughout any month or part of a month in the relevant period the vehicle was not kept by him, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-40-4-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>that he has paid the duty due (or an amount equal to the duty due) at the relevant higher rate in respect of the vehicle for any such month or part of a month,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>any amount which the person is ordered to pay under section 38 is to be calculated as if that month or part of a month were not in the relevant period.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-41">
<num>41</num>
<heading> Sections 37 to 40: supplementary.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-41-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where in the case of an offence under section 37 there is made against a person—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-41-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
an order under
<ins class="substitution first last" ukl:ChangeId="key-0ae8f97069fd98f3ecde38020e451c7d-1617107051155" ukl:CommentaryRef="key-0ae8f97069fd98f3ecde38020e451c7d">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#key-0ae8f97069fd98f3ecde38020e451c7d" class="commentary"/>
section 79 or 80 of the Sentencing Code
</ins>
discharging him absolutely or conditionally,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-41-1-b">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6000" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510091">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12510091" class="commentary"/>
(b)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6000" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510091">or an order under section 228 of the Criminal Procedure (Scotland) Act 1995 placing him on probation or under 246(2) or (3) of that Act discharging him absolutely, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-41-1-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>
an order under the
<noteRef href="#c12510101" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Probation Act (Northern Ireland) 1950 discharging him absolutely or conditionally or placing him on probation,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>he is to be treated for the purposes of sections 38 to 40 as having been convicted.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>Section 38 has effect subject to the provisions (applying with the necessary modifications) of any enactment relating to the imposition of fines by magistrates’ courts and courts of summary jurisdiction, other than any conferring a discretion as to their amount.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>Where a sum is payable by virtue of an order under section 38—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-41-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
in England and Wales, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of Part III of the
<noteRef href="#c12510111" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 (including any enactment having effect as if contained in that Part) and of any other enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by magistrates’ courts,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-41-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>in Scotland, the sum is to be treated as a fine, and the order as a conviction, for the purposes of any enactment relating to the recovery or application of sums ordered to be paid by courts of summary jurisdiction, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-41-3-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>
in Northern Ireland, the sum is recoverable as a sum adjudged to be paid by a conviction and is to be treated for all purposes as a fine within the meaning of section 20 of the
<noteRef href="#c12510121" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Administration of Justice Act (Northern Ireland) 1954.
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-offences-relating-to-registration-marks">
<heading> Offences relating to registration marks</heading>
<section eId="section-42">
<num>42</num>
<heading> Not fixing registration mark.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-42-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>If a registration mark is not fixed on a vehicle as required by virtue of section 23, the relevant person is guilty of an offence.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>
In subsection (1) “
<term refersTo="#term-the-relevant-person" eId="term-the-relevant-person">the relevant person</term>
” means the person driving the vehicle or, where it is not being driven, the person keeping it.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<intro>
<p>It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) to prove that—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-42-4-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>he had no reasonable opportunity to register the vehicle under this Act, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-42-4-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>the vehicle was being driven for the purpose of being so registered.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<intro>
<p>It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) in relation to a vehicle—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-42-5-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
to which section 47 of the
<noteRef href="#c12510161" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Road Traffic Act 1988 applies by virtue of subsection (2)(b) of that section, or
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-42-5-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>
to which
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6123" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510171">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12510171" class="commentary"/>
Article 63 of the Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Order 1995
</ins>
applies by virtue of paragraph (2)(b) of that Article,
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>(vehicles manufactured before the prescribed period and used before registration) to prove that he had no reasonable opportunity to register the vehicle under this Act and that the vehicle was being driven in accordance with subsection (6).</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-6">
<num>(6)</num>
<intro>
<p>A vehicle is being driven in accordance with this subsection if—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-42-6-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
it is being driven for the purposes of, or in connection with, its examination under section 45 of the
<noteRef href="#c12510181" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Road Traffic Act 1988 in circumstances in which its use is exempted from subsection (1) of section 47 of that Act by regulations under subsection (6) of that section, or
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-42-6-b">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6143" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510191">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12510191" class="commentary"/>
(b)
</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6143" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510191">it is being driven for the purposes of, or in connection with, its examination under Article 61 of the </ins>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6143" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510191">
<noteRef href="#c12510201" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 in circumstances in which its use is exempted from paragraph (1) of Article 63 of that Order by regulations under paragraph (6) of that Article.
</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-43">
<num>43</num>
<heading> Obscured registration mark.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-43-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>If a registration mark fixed on a vehicle as required by virtue of section 23 is in any way—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>obscured, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>rendered, or allowed to become, not easily distinguishable,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>the relevant person is guilty of an offence.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<content>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>
In subsection (1) “
<term refersTo="#term-the-relevant-person" eId="term-the-relevant-person">the relevant person</term>
” means the person driving the vehicle or, where it is not being driven, the person keeping it.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under this section to prove that he took all steps which it was reasonably practicable to take to prevent the mark being obscured or rendered not easily distinguishable.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-other-offences">
<heading>Other offences</heading>
<section eId="section-43A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12510211" class="commentary"/>
43A
</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211"> Failure to have nil licence for exempt vehicle.</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-43A-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(1)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">A person is guilty of an offence if—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43A-1-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">he uses, or keeps, on a public road an exempt vehicle,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43A-1-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">that vehicle is one in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43A-1-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">a nil licence is not for the time being in force in respect of the vehicle.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43A-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(2)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43A-3">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(3)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">Subsection (1) has effect subject to the provisions of regulations made by the Secretary of State.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43A-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">(4)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6208" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510211">The Secretary of State may, if he thinks fit, compound any proceedings for an offence under this section.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-43B">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6260" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510221">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c12510221" class="commentary"/>
43B
</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6260" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510221"> Vehicle identity checks: impersonation of authorised examiners</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-43B-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6260" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510221">(1)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6260" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510221">A person is guilty of an offence if, with intent to deceive, he falsely represents himself to be a person entitled under regulations made by virtue of section 22A(2) to carry out examinations of vehicles in accordance with regulations so made.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43B-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6260" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510221">(2)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6260" ukl:CommentaryRef="c12510221">A person guilty of an offence under subsection (1) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" ukl:Name="Pblock" eId="part-III-crossheading-offence-in-respect-of-incorrectly-registered-vehicles">
<heading>
<i>
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6284" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235941">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18235941" class="commentary"/>
Offence in respect of incorrectly registered vehicles
</ins>
</i>
</heading>
<section eId="section-43C">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18235841" class="commentary"/>
43C
</ins>
</num>
<heading>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">Offence of using an incorrectly registered vehicle</ins>
</heading>
<subsection eId="section-43C-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(1)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">A person is guilty of an offence if, on a public road or in a public place, he uses a vehicle to which subsection (2) applies and in respect of which—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-1-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">the name and address of the keeper are not recorded in the register, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-1-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">any of the particulars recorded in the register are incorrect.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43C-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(2)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">This subsection applies to a vehicle if—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-2-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">vehicle excise duty is chargeable in respect of it, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-2-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">it is an exempt vehicle in respect of which regulations under this Act require a nil licence to be in force.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43C-3">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(3)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) to show (as the case may be)—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-3-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">that there was no reasonable opportunity, before the material time, to furnish the name and address of the keeper of the vehicle, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-3-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">that there was no reasonable opportunity, before the material time, to furnish particulars correcting the incorrect particulars.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43C-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(4)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">It is also a defence for a person charged with an offence under subsection (1) to show—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-4-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">that he had reasonable grounds for believing, or that it was reasonable for him to expect, that the name and address of the keeper or the other particulars of registration (as the case may be) were correctly recorded in the register, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-43C-4-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">that any exception prescribed in regulations under this section is met.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43C-5">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(5)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43C-6">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(6)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">The Secretary of State may make regulations prescribing, varying or revoking exceptions for the purposes of subsection (4)(b).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-43C-7">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">(7)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">In this section—</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841"></ins>
<term refersTo="#term-keeper" eId="term-keeper">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">keeper</ins>
</term>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">”, in relation to a vehicle, means the person by whom it is kept at the material time;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="definition">
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841"></ins>
<term refersTo="#term-the-register" eId="term-the-register">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">the register</ins>
</term>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6289" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18235841">” means the register kept by the Secretary of State under Part 2.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</hcontainer>
</section>
<section eId="section-44">
<num>44</num>
<heading> Forgery and fraud.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-44-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<content>
<p>A person is guilty of an offence if he forges, fraudulently alters, fraudulently uses, fraudulently lends or fraudulently allows to be used by another person anything to which subsection (2) applies.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-44-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>This subsection applies to—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-a">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-96e96a258ea5b381701311c3387d6e69" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
(a)
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-b">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-96e96a258ea5b381701311c3387d6e69" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
(b)
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-c">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-96e96a258ea5b381701311c3387d6e69" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
(c)
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-d">
<num>(d)</num>
<content>
<p>a registration mark,</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-e">
<num>(e)</num>
<content>
<p>a registration document, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-2-f">
<num>(f)</num>
<content>
<p>a trade plate (including a replacement trade plate).</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-44-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-44-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine or (except in Scotland) to both.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-45">
<num>45</num>
<heading> False or misleading declarations and information.</heading>
<hcontainer name="wrapper2">
<subsection eId="section-45-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person who in connection with—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>an application for a vehicle licence or a trade licence,</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>a claim for a rebate under section 20, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-1-c">
<num>(c)</num>
<content>
<p>an application for an allocation of registration marks,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>makes a declaration which to his knowledge is either false or in any material respect misleading is guilty of an offence.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-45-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person who makes a declaration which—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>is required by regulations under this Act to be made in respect of a vehicle which is an exempt vehicle under paragraph 19 of Schedule 2, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>to his knowledge is either false or in any material respect misleading,</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>is guilty of an offence.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-45-2A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18236861" class="commentary"/>
(2A)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">A person who makes a declaration or statement which—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-2A-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">is required to be made in respect of a vehicle by regulations under section 22, and</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-2A-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">to his knowledge is either false or in any material respect misleading,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6541" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236861">is guilty of an offence.</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-45-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person who—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>
is required by
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6574" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236871">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18236871" class="commentary"/>
virtue of
</ins>
this Act to furnish particulars relating to, or to the keeper of, a vehicle, and
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>furnishes particulars which to his knowledge are either false or in any material respect misleading,</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="wrapper2">
<intro>
<blockContainer ukl:Name="BlockText">
<p>is guilty of an offence.</p>
</blockContainer>
</intro>
<subsection eId="section-45-3A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18236881" class="commentary"/>
(3A)
</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">A person who, in supplying information or producing documents for the purposes of any regulations made under section 61A </ins>
<noteRef href="#key-0d71e528d461b9104feaa2ed477b6492" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">... —</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3A-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">makes a statement which to his knowledge is false or in any material respect misleading or recklessly makes a statement which is false or in any material respect misleading, or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3A-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">produces or otherwise makes use of a document which to his knowledge is false or in any material respect misleading,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">is guilty of an offence.</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-45-3B">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">(3B)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">A person who—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3B-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">with intent to deceive, forges, alters or uses a certificate issued by virtue of section 61A </ins>
<noteRef href="#key-0d71e528d461b9104feaa2ed477b6492" uk:name="commentary" ukl:Name="CommentaryRef" class="commentary"/>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">... ;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3B-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">knowing or believing that it will be used for deception lends such a certificate to another or allows another to alter or use it; or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-3B-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">without reasonable excuse makes or has in his possession any document so closely resembling such a certificate as to be calculated to deceive,</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<wrapUp>
<p>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6591" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18236881">is guilty of an offence.</ins>
</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-45-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-4-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding the statutory maximum, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-45-4-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>on conviction on indictment, to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years or to a fine or (except in Scotland) to both.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</hcontainer>
</section>
<section eId="section-46">
<num>46</num>
<heading> Duty to give information.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-46-1">
<num>(1)</num>
<intro>
<p>
Where it is alleged that a vehicle has been used on a road in contravention of section 29, 34
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6681" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18270791">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18270791" class="commentary"/>
, 37 or 43A
</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46-1-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the person keeping the vehicle shall give such information as he may be required to give in accordance with subsection (7) as to the identity of the driver of the vehicle or any person who used the vehicle, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46-1-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>any other person shall give such information as it is in his power to give and which may lead to the identification of the driver of the vehicle or any person who used the vehicle if he is required to do so in accordance with subsection (7).</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46-2">
<num>(2)</num>
<intro>
<p>
Where it is alleged that a vehicle has been kept on a road in contravention of section 29
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6704" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18270841">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18270841" class="commentary"/>
or 43A
</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46-2-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>the person keeping the vehicle shall give such information as he may be required to give in accordance with subsection (7) as to the identity of the person who kept the vehicle on the road, and</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46-2-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>any other person shall give such information as it is in his power to give and which may lead to the identification of the person who kept the vehicle on the road if he is required to do so in accordance with subsection (7).</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46-3">
<num>(3)</num>
<content>
<p>
Where it is alleged that a vehicle has at any time been used on a road in contravention of section 29
<ins class="first last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6727" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18270901">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18270901" class="commentary"/>
or 43A
</ins>
, the person who is alleged to have so used the vehicle shall give such information as it is in his power to give as to the identity of the person who was keeping the vehicle at that time if he is required to do so in accordance with subsection (7).
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46-4">
<num>(4)</num>
<content>
<p>A person who fails to comply with subsection (1), (2) or (3) is guilty of an offence.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46-5">
<num>(5)</num>
<content>
<p>A person guilty of an offence under subsection (4) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46-6">
<num>(6)</num>
<content>
<p>If a person is charged with an offence under subsection (4) consisting of failing to comply with subsection (1)(a) or (2)(a), it is a defence for him to show to the satisfaction of the court that he did not know, and could not with reasonable diligence have ascertained, the identity of the person or persons concerned.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46-7">
<num>(7)</num>
<intro>
<p>A person is required to give information in accordance with this subsection if he is required to give the information by or on behalf of—</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46-7-a">
<num>(a)</num>
<content>
<p>a chief officer of police or, in Northern Ireland, the Chief Constable of the Royal Ulster Constabulary, or</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46-7-b">
<num>(b)</num>
<content>
<p>the Secretary of State.</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-46A">
<num>
<ins class="first" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">
<noteRef uk:name="commentary" href="#c18274591" class="commentary"/>
46A
</ins>
</num>
<heading> Duty to give information: offences under regulations.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-46A-1">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(1)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">Subsection (2) applies where it appears to the Secretary of State—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46A-1-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">that a person is a person by, through or to whom a vehicle has been sold or disposed of and that he has failed to comply with regulations made by virtue of section 22(1)(d) requiring him to furnish particulars prescribed by the regulations;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46A-1-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">that a person is a person by or through whom a vehicle has been sold or disposed of and that he has failed to comply with regulations made by virtue of section 22(1)(dd) requiring him to furnish a document prescribed by the regulations; or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46A-1-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">that a person is a person who is surrendering a vehicle licence, or who is not renewing a vehicle licence for a vehicle kept by him or who is keeping an unlicensed vehicle and that he has failed to comply with regulations made by virtue of section 22(1D) requiring him to furnish particulars or make a declaration prescribed by the regulations.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46A-2">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(2)</ins>
</num>
<intro>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">The Secretary of State may serve a notice on the person in question requiring him to give the Secretary of State such information as it in his power to give—</ins>
</p>
</intro>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46A-2-a">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(a)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">as to the identity of any person who is keeping a specified vehicle or who has kept it at a specified time or during a specified period;</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46A-2-b">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(b)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">as to the identity of any person by, through or to whom a specified vehicle has been sold or disposed of at a specified time or during a specified period; or</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
<level class="para1" eId="section-46A-2-c">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(c)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">which may lead to the identification of a person falling within paragraph (a) or (b).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</level>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46A-3">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(3)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">A person who fails to comply with a notice under subsection (2) is guilty of an offence.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46A-4">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(4)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">A person guilty of an offence under subsection (3) is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-46A-5">
<num>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">(5)</ins>
</num>
<content>
<p>
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">In this section “</ins>
<term refersTo="#term-specified" eId="term-specified">
<ins ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">specified</ins>
</term>
<ins class="last" ukl:ChangeId="d29p6774" ukl:CommentaryRef="c18274591">” means specified in a notice under subsection (2).</ins>
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
</part>
</body>
</act>
</akomaNtoso>