1996 c. 14.

1996 c. 18.

1978 c. 44.

1992 c. 52.

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/part/III/enactedIndustrial Tribunals Act 1996Employment tribunalsHearingsKing's Printer of Acts of Parliament2021-08-03Part IIISupplementaryCrown employment and Parliamentary staff
38Crown employment1

This Act has effect in relation to Crown employment and persons in Crown employment as it has effect in relation to other employment and other employees.

2

In this Act“Crown employment” means employment under or for the purposes of a government department or any officer or body exercising on behalf of the Crown functions conferred by a statutory provision.

3

For the purposes of the application of this Act in relation to Crown employment in accordance with subsection (1)—

a

references to an employee shall be construed as references to a person in Crown employment, and

b

references to a contract of employment shall be construed as references to the terms of employment of a person in Crown employment.

4

Subsection (1) applies to—

a

service as a member of the naval, military or air forces of the Crown, and

b

employment by an association established for the purposes of Part XI of the Reserve Forces Act 1996;

but Her Majesty may by Order in Council make any provision of this Act apply to service as a member of the naval, military or air forces of the Crown subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be specified in the Order in Council.

39Parliamentary staff1

This Act has effect in relation to employment as a relevant member of the House of Lords staff or a relevant member of the House of Commons staff as it has effect in relation to other employment.

2

Nothing in any rule of law or the law or practice of Parliament prevents a relevant member of the House of Lords staff or a relevant member of the House of Commons staff from bringing before an industrial tribunal proceedings of any description which could be brought before such a tribunal by a person who is not a relevant member of the House of Lords staff or a relevant member of the House of Commons staff.

3

For the purposes of the application of this Act in relation to a relevant member of the House of Commons staff—

a

references to an employee shall be construed as references to a relevant member of the House of Commons staff, and

b

references to a contract of employment shall be construed as including references to the terms of employment of a relevant member of the House of Commons staff.

4

In this Act“relevant member of the House of Lords staff” means any person who is employed under a contract of employment with the Corporate Officer of the House of Lords.

5

In this Act“relevant member of the House of Commons staff” has the same meaning as in section 195 of the Employment Rights Act 1996; and (subject to an Order in Council under subsection (12) of that section)—

a

subsections (6) and (7) of that section have effect for determining who is the employer of a relevant member of the House of Commons staff for the purposes of this Act, and

b

subsection (8) of that section applies in relation to proceedings brought by virtue of this section.

General
40Power to amend Act1

The Secretary of State may by order—

a

provide that any provision of this Act to which this section applies and which is specified in the order shall not apply to persons, or to employments, of such classes as may be prescribed in the order, or

b

provide that any provision of this Act to which this section applies shall apply to persons or employments of such classes as may be prescribed in the order subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be so prescribed.

2

This section applies to sections 3, 8, 16 and 17 and to section 18 so far as deriving from section 133 of the Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978.

41Orders, regulations and rules1

Any power conferred by this Act on a Minister of the Crown to make an order, and any power conferred by this Act to make regulations or rules, is exercisable by statutory instrument.

2

No recommendation shall be made to Her Majesty to make an Order in Council under section 38(4), and no order shall be made under section 3, 4(4) or 40, unless a draft of the Order in Council or order has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.

3

A statutory instrument containing—

a

an order made by a Minister of the Crown under any other provision of this Act except Part II of Schedule 2, or

b

regulations or rules made under this Act,

is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

4

Any power conferred by this Act which is exercisable by statutory instrument includes power to make such incidental, supplementary or transitional provision as appears to the Minister exercising the power to be necessary or expedient.

42Interpretation1

In this Act—

“the Appeal Tribunal” means the Employment Appeal Tribunal,

“Appeal Tribunal procedure rules” shall be construed in accordance with section 30(1),

“appointed member” shall be construed in accordance with section 22(1)(c),

“conciliation officer” means an officer designated by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service under section 211 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992,

“contract of employment” means a contract of service or apprenticeship, whether express or implied, and (if it is express) whether oral or in writing,

“employee” means an individual who has entered into or works under (or, where the employment has ceased, worked under) a contract of employment,

“employer”, in relation to an employee, means the person by whom the employee is (or, where the employment has ceased, was) employed,

“employers' association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992,

“employment” means employment under a contract of employment and “employed” shall be construed accordingly,

“industrial tribunal procedure regulations” shall be construed in accordance with section 7(1),

“statutory provision” means a provision, whether of a general or a special nature, contained in, or in any document made or issued under, any Act, whether of a general or special nature,

“successor”, in relation to the employer of an employee, means (subject to subsection (2)) a person who in consequence of a change occurring (whether by virtue of a sale or other disposition or by operation of law) in the ownership of the undertaking, or of the part of the undertaking, for the purposes of which the employee was employed, has become the owner of the undertaking or part, and

“trade union” has the meaning given by section 1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992.

2

The definition of“successor” in subsection (1) has effect (subject to the necessary modifications) in relation to a case where—

a

the person by whom an undertaking or part of an undertaking is owned immediately before a change is one of the persons by whom (whether as partners, trustees or otherwise) it is owned immediately after the change, or

b

the persons by whom an undertaking or part of an undertaking is owned immediately before a change (whether as partners, trustees or otherwise) include the persons by whom, or include one or more of the persons by whom, it is owned immediately after the change,

as it has effect where the previous owner and the new owner are wholly different persons.

3

For the purposes of this Act any two employers shall be treated as associated if—

a

one is a company of which the other (directly or indirectly) has control, or

b

both are companies of which a third person (directly or indirectly) has control;

and“associated employer” shall be construed accordingly.

Final provisions
43Consequential amendments

Schedule 1 (consequential amendments) shall have effect.

44Transitionals, savings and transitory provisions

Schedule 2 (transitional provisions, savings and transitory provisions) shall have effect.

45Repeals and revocations

The enactments specified in Part I of Schedule 3 are repealed, and the instruments specified in Part II of that Schedule are revoked, to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule.

46Commencement

This Act shall come into force at the end of the period of three months beginning with the day on which it is passed.

47Extent

This Act does not extend to Northern Ireland.

48Short title

This Act may be cited as the Industrial Tribunals Act 1996.

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<ukm:Section Ref="section-51-4" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2022/35/section/51/4">s. 51(4)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:Alternative Date="2008-03-02" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/pdfs/ukpga_19960017_en.pdf" Title="Print Version"/>
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<ukm:Statistics>
<ukm:TotalParagraphs Value="72"/>
<ukm:BodyParagraphs Value="48"/>
<ukm:ScheduleParagraphs Value="24"/>
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<portionBody>
<part eId="part-III">
<num>Part III</num>
<heading>Supplementary</heading>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" eId="part-III-crossheading-crown-employment-and-parliamentary-staff">
<heading>Crown employment and Parliamentary staff</heading>
<section eId="section-38">
<num>38</num>
<heading>Crown employment</heading>
<subsection eId="section-38-1">
<num>1</num>
<content>
<p>This Act has effect in relation to Crown employment and persons in Crown employment as it has effect in relation to other employment and other employees.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-2">
<num>2</num>
<content>
<p>In this Act“Crown employment” means employment under or for the purposes of a government department or any officer or body exercising on behalf of the Crown functions conferred by a statutory provision.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-3">
<num>3</num>
<intro>
<p>For the purposes of the application of this Act in relation to Crown employment in accordance with subsection (1)—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-38-3-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>references to an employee shall be construed as references to a person in Crown employment, and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-38-3-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>references to a contract of employment shall be construed as references to the terms of employment of a person in Crown employment.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-38-4">
<num>4</num>
<intro>
<p>Subsection (1) applies to—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-38-4-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>service as a member of the naval, military or air forces of the Crown, and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-38-4-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>
employment by an association established for the purposes of Part XI of the
<noteRef href="#m00049" placement="inline" class="margin-note"/>
Reserve Forces Act 1996;
</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<wrapUp>
<p>but Her Majesty may by Order in Council make any provision of this Act apply to service as a member of the naval, military or air forces of the Crown subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be specified in the Order in Council.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-39">
<num>39</num>
<heading>Parliamentary staff</heading>
<subsection eId="section-39-1">
<num>1</num>
<content>
<p>This Act has effect in relation to employment as a relevant member of the House of Lords staff or a relevant member of the House of Commons staff as it has effect in relation to other employment.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-2">
<num>2</num>
<content>
<p>Nothing in any rule of law or the law or practice of Parliament prevents a relevant member of the House of Lords staff or a relevant member of the House of Commons staff from bringing before an industrial tribunal proceedings of any description which could be brought before such a tribunal by a person who is not a relevant member of the House of Lords staff or a relevant member of the House of Commons staff.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-3">
<num>3</num>
<intro>
<p>For the purposes of the application of this Act in relation to a relevant member of the House of Commons staff—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-39-3-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>references to an employee shall be construed as references to a relevant member of the House of Commons staff, and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-39-3-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>references to a contract of employment shall be construed as including references to the terms of employment of a relevant member of the House of Commons staff.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-4">
<num>4</num>
<content>
<p>In this Act“relevant member of the House of Lords staff” means any person who is employed under a contract of employment with the Corporate Officer of the House of Lords.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-39-5">
<num>5</num>
<intro>
<p>
In this Act“relevant member of the House of Commons staff” has the same meaning as in section 195 of the
<noteRef href="#m00050" placement="inline" class="margin-note"/>
Employment Rights Act 1996; and (subject to an Order in Council under subsection (12) of that section)—
</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-39-5-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>subsections (6) and (7) of that section have effect for determining who is the employer of a relevant member of the House of Commons staff for the purposes of this Act, and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-39-5-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>subsection (8) of that section applies in relation to proceedings brought by virtue of this section.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" eId="part-III-crossheading-general">
<heading>General</heading>
<section eId="section-40">
<num>40</num>
<heading>Power to amend Act</heading>
<subsection eId="section-40-1">
<num>1</num>
<intro>
<p>The Secretary of State may by order—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-40-1-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>provide that any provision of this Act to which this section applies and which is specified in the order shall not apply to persons, or to employments, of such classes as may be prescribed in the order, or</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-40-1-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>provide that any provision of this Act to which this section applies shall apply to persons or employments of such classes as may be prescribed in the order subject to such exceptions and modifications as may be so prescribed.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-40-2">
<num>2</num>
<content>
<p>
This section applies to sections 3, 8, 16 and 17 and to section 18 so far as deriving from section 133 of the
<noteRef href="#m00051" placement="inline" class="margin-note"/>
Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-41">
<num>41</num>
<heading>Orders, regulations and rules</heading>
<subsection eId="section-41-1">
<num>1</num>
<content>
<p>Any power conferred by this Act on a Minister of the Crown to make an order, and any power conferred by this Act to make regulations or rules, is exercisable by statutory instrument.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-2">
<num>2</num>
<content>
<p>No recommendation shall be made to Her Majesty to make an Order in Council under section 38(4), and no order shall be made under section 3, 4(4) or 40, unless a draft of the Order in Council or order has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-3">
<num>3</num>
<intro>
<p>A statutory instrument containing—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-41-3-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>an order made by a Minister of the Crown under any other provision of this Act except Part II of Schedule 2, or</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-41-3-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>regulations or rules made under this Act,</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<wrapUp>
<p>is subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-41-4">
<num>4</num>
<content>
<p>Any power conferred by this Act which is exercisable by statutory instrument includes power to make such incidental, supplementary or transitional provision as appears to the Minister exercising the power to be necessary or expedient.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
<section eId="section-42">
<num>42</num>
<heading>Interpretation</heading>
<subsection eId="section-42-1">
<num>1</num>
<content>
<p>In this Act—</p>
<blockList class="unordered">
<item>
<p>“the Appeal Tribunal” means the Employment Appeal Tribunal,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“Appeal Tribunal procedure rules” shall be construed in accordance with section 30(1),</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“appointed member” shall be construed in accordance with section 22(1)(c),</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>
“conciliation officer” means an officer designated by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service under section 211 of the
<noteRef href="#m00052" placement="inline" class="margin-note"/>
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992,
</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“contract of employment” means a contract of service or apprenticeship, whether express or implied, and (if it is express) whether oral or in writing,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“employee” means an individual who has entered into or works under (or, where the employment has ceased, worked under) a contract of employment,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“employer”, in relation to an employee, means the person by whom the employee is (or, where the employment has ceased, was) employed,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“employers' association” has the same meaning as in the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“employment” means employment under a contract of employment and “employed” shall be construed accordingly,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“industrial tribunal procedure regulations” shall be construed in accordance with section 7(1),</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“statutory provision” means a provision, whether of a general or a special nature, contained in, or in any document made or issued under, any Act, whether of a general or special nature,</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“successor”, in relation to the employer of an employee, means (subject to subsection (2)) a person who in consequence of a change occurring (whether by virtue of a sale or other disposition or by operation of law) in the ownership of the undertaking, or of the part of the undertaking, for the purposes of which the employee was employed, has become the owner of the undertaking or part, and</p>
</item>
<item>
<p>“trade union” has the meaning given by section 1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992.</p>
</item>
</blockList>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-2">
<num>2</num>
<intro>
<p>The definition of“successor” in subsection (1) has effect (subject to the necessary modifications) in relation to a case where—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-42-2-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>the person by whom an undertaking or part of an undertaking is owned immediately before a change is one of the persons by whom (whether as partners, trustees or otherwise) it is owned immediately after the change, or</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-42-2-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>the persons by whom an undertaking or part of an undertaking is owned immediately before a change (whether as partners, trustees or otherwise) include the persons by whom, or include one or more of the persons by whom, it is owned immediately after the change,</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<wrapUp>
<p>as it has effect where the previous owner and the new owner are wholly different persons.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-42-3">
<num>3</num>
<intro>
<p>For the purposes of this Act any two employers shall be treated as associated if—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-42-3-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>one is a company of which the other (directly or indirectly) has control, or</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-42-3-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>both are companies of which a third person (directly or indirectly) has control;</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<wrapUp>
<p>and“associated employer” shall be construed accordingly.</p>
</wrapUp>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" eId="part-III-crossheading-final-provisions">
<heading>Final provisions</heading>
<section eId="section-43">
<num>43</num>
<heading>Consequential amendments</heading>
<content>
<p>Schedule 1 (consequential amendments) shall have effect.</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-44">
<num>44</num>
<heading>Transitionals, savings and transitory provisions</heading>
<content>
<p>Schedule 2 (transitional provisions, savings and transitory provisions) shall have effect.</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-45">
<num>45</num>
<heading>Repeals and revocations</heading>
<content>
<p>The enactments specified in Part I of Schedule 3 are repealed, and the instruments specified in Part II of that Schedule are revoked, to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule.</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-46">
<num>46</num>
<heading>Commencement</heading>
<content>
<p>This Act shall come into force at the end of the period of three months beginning with the day on which it is passed.</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-47">
<num>47</num>
<heading>Extent</heading>
<content>
<p>This Act does not extend to Northern Ireland.</p>
</content>
</section>
<section eId="section-48">
<num>48</num>
<heading>Short title</heading>
<content>
<p>This Act may be cited as the Industrial Tribunals Act 1996.</p>
</content>
</section>
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