http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/23/section/37/2019-05-22Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999An Act to provide for the referral of offenders under 18 to youth offender panels; to make provision in connection with the giving of evidence or information for the purposes of criminal proceedings; to amend section 51 of the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994; to make pre-consolidation amendments relating to youth justice; and for connected purposes.1999-08-06texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2024-05-17Expert Participation2019-05-22 Part II Giving of evidence or information for purposes of criminal proceedings Chapter II Protection of witnesses from cross-examination by accused in person Prohibition imposed by court Further provisions about directions under section 36.371Subject to subsection (2), a direction has binding effect from the time it is made until the witness to whom it applies is discharged.In this section “direction” means a direction under section 36.2The court may discharge a direction if it appears to the court to be in the interests of justice to do so, and may do so either—aon an application made by a party to the proceedings, if there has been a material change of circumstances since the relevant time, orbof its own motion.3In subsection (2) “the relevant time” means—athe time when the direction was given, orbif a previous application has been made under that subsection, the time when the application (or last application) was made.4The court must state in open court its reasons for—agiving, orbrefusing an application for, or for the discharge of, orcdischarging,a direction and, if it is a magistrates’ court, must cause them to be entered in the register of its proceedings.5 Criminal Procedure Rules may make provision—afor uncontested applications to be determined by the court without a hearing;bfor preventing the renewal of an unsuccessful application for a direction except where there has been a material change of circumstances;cfor expert evidence to be given in connection with an application for, or for discharging, a direction;dfor the manner in which confidential or sensitive information is to be treated in connection with such an application and in particular as to its being disclosed to, or withheld from, a party to the proceedings.S. 37 wholly in force at 24.7.2002; Pt. II Chs. 1-4 (ss. 16-52) in force for certain purposes at Royal Assent, see s. 68(4); s. 37 in force in so far as not already in force at 24.7.2002 by S.I. 2002/1739, art. 2(c)Pt. II Chs. I-III amended (1.9.2001) by 2001 c. 17, s. 57(2) (with ss. 56(2), 63(2), 78); S.I. 2001/2161, art. 2Words in s. 37(5) substituted (1.9.2004) by Courts Act 2003 (c. 39), s. 110(1), Sch. 8 para. 384(e); S.I. 2004/2066, art. 2(c)(xix) (with art. 3)S. 37 applied (with modifications) (31.10.2009) by The Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 (Application to Service Courts) Order 2009 (S.I. 2009/2083), arts. 1, 5, 6
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<Number>Part II</Number>
<Title> Giving of evidence or information for purposes of criminal proceedings</Title>
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Chapter II
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<Title> Protection of witnesses from cross-examination by accused in person</Title>
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<Title> Prohibition imposed by court</Title>
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<Title> Further provisions about directions under section 36.</Title>
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37
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<Text>Subject to subsection (2), a direction has binding effect from the time it is made until the witness to whom it applies is discharged.</Text>
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In this section “
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” means a direction under section 36.
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<Text>The court may discharge a direction if it appears to the court to be in the interests of justice to do so, and may do so either—</Text>
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<Text>on an application made by a party to the proceedings, if there has been a material change of circumstances since the relevant time, or</Text>
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<Text>of its own motion.</Text>
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In subsection (2) “
<Term id="term-the-relevant-time">the relevant time</Term>
” means—
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<Text>the time when the direction was given, or</Text>
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<Text>if a previous application has been made under that subsection, the time when the application (or last application) was made.</Text>
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<Text>The court must state in open court its reasons for—</Text>
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<Text>giving, or</Text>
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<Text>refusing an application for, or for the discharge of, or</Text>
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<Pnumber>c</Pnumber>
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<Text>discharging,</Text>
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<Text>a direction and, if it is a magistrates’ court, must cause them to be entered in the register of its proceedings.</Text>
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<Text>
<Substitution ChangeId="key-588c6270ab715ee7ead9a962767173f9-1547038435979" CommentaryRef="key-588c6270ab715ee7ead9a962767173f9">Criminal Procedure Rules</Substitution>
may make provision—
</Text>
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<Text>for uncontested applications to be determined by the court without a hearing;</Text>
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<Text>for preventing the renewal of an unsuccessful application for a direction except where there has been a material change of circumstances;</Text>
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<Text>for expert evidence to be given in connection with an application for, or for discharging, a direction;</Text>
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<Text>for the manner in which confidential or sensitive information is to be treated in connection with such an application and in particular as to its being disclosed to, or withheld from, a party to the proceedings.</Text>
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<Commentary id="c9546031" Type="I">
<Para>
<Text>
S. 37 wholly in force at 24.7.2002; Pt. II Chs. 1-4 (ss. 16-52) in force for certain purposes at Royal Assent, see s. 68(4); s. 37 in force in so far as not already in force at 24.7.2002 by
<Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2002/1739" id="c00249" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2002" Number="1739">S.I. 2002/1739</Citation>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c00250" CitationRef="c00249" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2002/1739/article/2/c" SectionRef="article-2-c" Operative="true">art. 2(c)</CitationSubRef>
</Text>
</Para>
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<Commentary id="c9545921" Type="C">
<Para>
<Text>
Pt. II Chs. I-III amended (1.9.2001) by
<Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/17" id="c00283" Year="2001" Class="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Number="17">2001 c. 17</Citation>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c00284" CitationRef="c00283" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/17/section/57/2" Operative="true" SectionRef="section-57-2">s. 57(2)</CitationSubRef>
(with
<CitationSubRef id="c00285" CitationRef="c00283" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/17/section/56/2" SectionRef="section-56-2">ss. 56(2)</CitationSubRef>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c00286" CitationRef="c00283" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/17/section/63/2" SectionRef="section-63-2">63(2)</CitationSubRef>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c00287" CitationRef="c00283" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2001/17/section/78" SectionRef="section-78">78</CitationSubRef>
);
<Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2001/2161" id="c00288" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2001" Number="2161">S.I. 2001/2161</Citation>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c00289" CitationRef="c00288" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2001/2161/article/2" Operative="true" SectionRef="article-2">art. 2</CitationSubRef>
</Text>
</Para>
</Commentary>
<Commentary id="key-588c6270ab715ee7ead9a962767173f9" Type="F">
<Para>
<Text>
Words in s. 37(5) substituted (1.9.2004) by
<Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/39" id="c8bfr5nl3-00007" Class="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Year="2003" Number="39" Title="Courts Act 2003">Courts Act 2003 (c. 39)</Citation>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c8bfr5nl3-00008" CitationRef="c8bfr5nl3-00007" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/39/section/110/1" SectionRef="section-110-1">s. 110(1)</CitationSubRef>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c8bfr5nl3-00009" CitationRef="c8bfr5nl3-00007" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2003/39/schedule/8/paragraph/384/e" SectionRef="schedule-8-paragraph-384-e" Operative="true">Sch. 8 para. 384(e)</CitationSubRef>
;
<Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/2066" id="c8bfr5nl3-00010" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2004" Number="2066" Title="The Courts Act 2003 (Commencement No. 6 and Savings) Order 2004">S.I. 2004/2066</Citation>
,
<CitationSubRef id="c8bfr5nl3-00011" CitationRef="c8bfr5nl3-00010" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/2066/article/2/c/xix" SectionRef="article-2-c-xix">art. 2(c)(xix)</CitationSubRef>
(with
<CitationSubRef id="c8bfr5nl3-00012" CitationRef="c8bfr5nl3-00010" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2004/2066/article/3" SectionRef="article-3">art. 3</CitationSubRef>
)
</Text>
</Para>
</Commentary>
<Commentary id="key-346efa4225bf2971e5023685b343452a" Type="C">
<Para>
<Text>
S. 37 applied (with modifications) (31.10.2009) by
<Citation URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/2083" id="cbmat1mb3-00034" Class="UnitedKingdomStatutoryInstrument" Year="2009" Number="2083" Title="The Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 (Application to Service Courts) Order 2009">The Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 (Application to Service Courts) Order 2009 (S.I. 2009/2083)</Citation>
,
<CitationSubRef id="cbmat1mb3-00035" CitationRef="cbmat1mb3-00034" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/2083/article/1" SectionRef="article-1">arts. 1</CitationSubRef>
,
<CitationSubRef id="cbmat1mb3-00036" CitationRef="cbmat1mb3-00034" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/2083/article/5" SectionRef="article-5" Operative="true">5</CitationSubRef>
,
<CitationSubRef id="cbmat1mb3-00037" CitationRef="cbmat1mb3-00034" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2009/2083/article/6" SectionRef="article-6">6</CitationSubRef>
</Text>
</Para>
</Commentary>
</Commentaries>
</Legislation>