PART 2APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION OF THE RULES

Annotations:
Amendments (Textual)
F30

Words in Pt. 2 Table of Contents substituted (1.10.2022) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2022 (S.I. 2022/783), rules 1(1), 3(1)(a)

F31

Words in Pt. 2 Table of Contents omitted (1.10.2022) by virtue of The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2022 (S.I. 2022/783), rules 1(1), 3(1)(b)

Contents of this Part

Application of the Rules

Rule 2.1

The glossary

Rule 2.2

Interpretation

Rule 2.3

F30Power to perform an act of the court

Rule 2.4

F31. . .

F31. . .

Court staff

Rule 2.5

Court documents to be sealed

Rule 2.6

Court’s discretion as to where it deals with cases

Rule 2.7

Time

Rule 2.8

Dates for compliance to be calendar dates and to include time of day

Rule 2.9

Meaning of “month” in judgments, etc.

Rule 2.10

Time limits may be varied by parties

Rule 2.11

Application of the RulesI12.1

1

Subject to paragraph (2), these Rules apply to all proceedings in—

a

F22County Court;

b

the High Court; and

c

the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal.

2

These Rules do not apply to proceedings of the kinds specified in the first column of the following Table (proceedings for which rules may be made under the enactments specified in the second column) except to the extent that they are applied to those proceedings by another enactment—

Proceedings

Enactments

1

Insolvency proceedings

Insolvency Act 19862, ss.411 and 412

2

Non-contentious or common form probate proceedings

Supreme Court Act 19813, s.127

3

Proceedings in the High Court when acting as a Prize Court

Prize Courts Act 18944, s.3

F84

Proceedings before the Court of Protection

Mental Capacity Act 2005, s.51

5

Family proceedings

F12Courts Act 2003, s.75

F16

Adoption proceedings

F13... F7or Adoption and Children Act 2002, s.141F14or Courts Act 2003, s.75

F47

Election petitions in the High Court

F5Representation of the People Act 1983, s.182

F323

These Rules apply to proceedings under—

a

the Companies Act 19853;

b

the Companies Act F462006; and

c

other legislation relating to companies and limited liability partnerships,

subject to the provisions of the relevant practice direction which applies to those proceedings.

The glossaryI22.2

1

The glossary at the end of these Rules is a guide to the meaning of certain legal expressions used in the Rules, but is not to be taken as giving those expressions any meaning in the Rules which they do not have in the law generally.

2

Subject to paragraph (3), words in these Rules which are included in the glossary are followed by “(GL)”.

3

The words ‘counterclaim’, ‘damages’, ‘practice form’ and ‘service’, which appear frequently in the Rules, are included in the glossary but are not followed by “(GL)”.

InterpretationI32.3

1

In these Rules—

  • “child” has the meaning given by rule 21.1(2);

  • F6“civil restraint order” means an order restraining a party—

    1. a

      from making any further applications in current proceedings (a limited civil restraint order);

    2. b

      from issuing certain claims or making certain applications in specified courts (an extended civil restraint order); or

    3. c

      from issuing any claim or making any application in specified courts (a general civil restraint order).

  • “claim for personal injuries” means proceedings in which there is a claim for damages in respect of personal injuries to the claimant or any other person or in respect of a person’s death, and “personal injuries” includes any disease and any impairment of a person’s physical or mental condition;

  • “claimant” means a person who makes a claim;

  • “CCR” is to be interpreted in accordance with Part 50;

  • “court officer” means a member of the court staff;

  • “defendant” means a person against whom a claim is made;

  • F2“defendant’s home court” means—

    1. a

      F18if a claim is proceeding in the County Court, the County Court hearing centre serving the address where the defendant resides or carries on business; and

    2. b

      if the claim is proceeding in the High Court, the district registry for the district in which the defendant resides or carries on business or, where there is no such district registry, the Royal Courts of Justice;

    F34...

  • F15...

  • F35“filing” means delivering a document or information, by post or otherwise, to the court office;

  • “judge” means, unless the context otherwise requires, a judge, Master or F24District Judge or a person authorised to act as such;

  • F16‘judge of the County Court’ has the meaning given in section 5 of the County Courts Act 1984;

  • “jurisdiction” means, unless the context otherwise requires, England and Wales and any part of the territorial waters of the United Kingdom adjoining England and Wales;

  • F26“justices’ legal adviser” means a person nominated by the Lord Chancellor who is authorised to exercise functions under section 28(1) of the Courts Act 2003;

  • F10“legal representative” means a—

    1. (a)

      barrister;

    2. (b)

      solicitor;

    3. (c)

      solicitor’s employee;

    4. (d)

      manager of a body recognised under section 9 of the Administration of Justice Act 1985; or

    5. (e)

      person who, for the purposes of the Legal Services Act 2007, is an authorised person in relation to an activity which constitutes the conduct of litigation (within the meaning of that Act),

      who has been instructed to act for a party in relation to proceedings;

  • “litigation friend” has the meaning given by Part 21;

  • F29“MyHMCTS” means the online case management tool managed by F47His Majesty’s Courts and Tribunals Service;

  • F17‘preferred hearing centre’ means, if the claim is proceeding in the County Court, the County Court hearing centre the claimant has specified in practice form N1 as the hearing centre to which the proceedings should be sent if necessary;

  • “F9protected party” has the meaning given by rule 21.1(2);

  • “RSC” is to be interpreted in accordance with Part 50;

  • “statement of case”—

    1. a

      means a claim form, particulars of claim where these are not included in a claim form, defence, F48counterclaim or other additional claim, or reply to defence; and

    2. b

      includes any further information given in relation to them voluntarily or by court order under rule 18.1;

  • “statement of value” is to be interpreted in accordance with rule 16.3;

  • “summary judgment” is to be interpreted in accordance with Part 24F27;

  • F28“tape recorded” includes (as do references to tape recording and tape recorders) recording by the use or means of any other instrument or device.

F331A

Unless the contrary is indicated, a definition that applies to a Part of these Rules applies also to a practice direction supplementing that Part.

2

A reference to a “specialist list” is a reference to a list(GL)that has been designated as such by a F3rule or practice direction.

3

Where the context requires, a reference to “the court” means a reference to F19the County Court, a F20District Registry, or the Royal Courts of Justice.

F36Power to perform an act of the courtI42.4

F371

Where these Rules provide for the court to perform any act then, except where an enactment, rule or practice direction provides otherwise, that act may be performed—

a

in relation to proceedings in the High Court, by any judge, Master F25, Registrar in Bankruptcy or F24District Judge of that Court; and

b

in relation to proceedings in F23the County Court, by any judge F21of the County Court.

F392

A legal adviser, defined in paragraph 1.2(b) of Practice Direction 2E, may exercise the jurisdiction of the County Court specified in, and subject to, that Practice Direction.

F38...F452.4A

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Court staffI52.5

1

Where these Rules require or permit the court to perform an act of a formal or administrative character, that act may be performed by a court officer.

2

A requirement that a court officer carry out any act at the request of a party is subject to the payment of any fee required by a Fees Order for the carrying out of that act.

(Rule 3.2 allows a court officer to refer F40a matter for judicial decision taking any step)

Court documents to be sealedI62.6

1

The court must seal(GL) the following documents on issue—

a

the claim form; and

b

any other document which a rule or practice direction requires it to seal.

F412

The court may place the seal on the document by hand, by printing or electronically.

3

A document F42appearing to bear the court’s seal(GL) shall be admissible in evidence without further proof.

Court’s discretion as to where it deals with casesI72.7

The court may deal with a case at any place that it considers appropriate.

TimeI8C1C2C3C4C5C6C7C8C9C102.8

1

This rule shows how to calculate any period of time for doing any act which is specified—

a

by these Rules;

b

by a practice direction; or

c

by a judgment or order of the court.

2

A period of time expressed as a number of days shall be computed as clear days.

3

In this rule “clear days” means that in computing the number of days—

a

the day on which the period begins; and

b

if the end of the period is defined by reference to an event, the day on which that event occurs,

are not included.

Examples

i

Notice of an application must be served at least 3 days before the hearing.

  • An application is F44listed to be heard on Friday 20 October.

  • The last date for service is Monday 16 October.

ii

The court is to fix a date for a hearing.

  • The hearing must be at least 28 days after the date of notice.

  • If the court gives notice of the date of the hearing on 1 October, the earliest date for the hearing is 30 October.

iii

Particulars of claim must be served within 14 days of service of the claim form.

  • The claim form is served on 2 October.

  • The last day for service of the particulars of claim is 16 October.

4

Where the specified period—

a

is 5 days or less; and

b

includes—

i

a Saturday or Sunday; or

ii

a Bank Holiday, Christmas Day or Good Friday,

that day does not count.

Example

  • Notice of an application must be served at least 3 days before the hearing.

  • An application is to be heard on Monday 20 October.

  • The last date for service is Tuesday 14 October.

5

F11Subject to the provisions of Practice Direction 5C, when the period specified—

a

by these Rules or a practice direction; or

b

by any judgment or court order,

for doing any act at the court office ends on a day on which the office is closed, that act shall be in time F43under these rules if done on the next day on which the court office is open.

Dates for compliance to be calendar dates and to include time of dayI92.9

1

Where the court gives a judgment, order or direction which imposes a time limit for doing any act, the last date for compliance must, wherever practicable—

a

be expressed as a calendar date; and

b

include the time of day by which the act must be done.

2

Where the date by which an act must be done is inserted in any document, the date must, wherever practicable, be expressed as a calendar date.

Meaning of “month” in judgments, etc.I102.10

Where “month” occurs in any judgment, order, direction or other document, it means a calendar month.

Time limits may be varied by partiesI112.11

Unless these Rules or a practice direction provide otherwise or the court orders otherwise, the time specified by a rule or by the court for a person to do any act may be varied by the written agreement of the parties.

(Rules 3.8 (sanctions have effect unless defaulting party obtains relief), F4928.3 (variation of case management timetable – fast track and intermediate track) and 29.5 (variation of case management timetable—multi-track) provide for time limits that cannot be varied by agreement between the parties)