The Non-Road Mobile Machinery (Emission of Gaseous and Particulate Pollutants) Regulations 1999

Regulations 2(3) and 9(1) (Annex IV to Directive 97/68/EC)

SCHEDULE 4 (Annex IV to Directive 97/68/EC)TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REFERENCE FUEL PRESCRIBED FOR APPROVAL TESTS AND TO VERIFY CONFORMITY OF PRODUCTION

NON-ROAD MOBILE MACHINERY REFERENCE FUEL^a

Note: Key properties for engine performance/exhaust emissions are highlighted.

	Limits and unitsb	Test method
a Note 1: If it is required to calculate thermal efficiency of an engine or vehicle, the calorific value of the fuel can be calculated from: where: d = is the density at 288 K (15°C) x = is the proportion by mass of water (%/100) y = is the proportion by mass of ash (%/100) s = is the proportion by mass of sulphur (%/100).
b Note 2: The values quoted in the specification are ‘true values’. In establishment of their limit values the terms of ASTMD D 3244 ‘Defining a basis for petroleum produce quality disputes’ have been applied and in fixing minimum value, a minimum difference of 2R above zero has been taken into account; in fixing a maximum and minimum value, the minimum difference is 4R (R = reproducibility). Notwithstanding this measure, which is necessary for statistical reasons, the manufactuer of fuel should nevertheless aim at a zero value where the stipulated maximum value is 2R and the mean value in the case of quotations of maximum and minimum limits. Should it be necessary to clarify the question as to whether a fuel meets the requirements of the specifications, the terms of ASTM D 3244 should be applied.
c Note 3: The figures quoted show the evaporated quantities (percentage recovered + percentage loss).
d Note 4: The range of cetane is not in accordance with the requirement of a minimum range of 4R. However, in cases of dispute between fuel supplier and fuel user, the terms in ASTM D 3244 can be used to resolve such disputes provided replicate measurements, of sufficient number to achieve the necessary precision, are made in preference to single determinations.
e Note 5: Even though oxidation stability is controlled, it is likely that shelf life will be limited. Advice should be sought from the supplier as to storage conditions and life.
f Note 6: This fuel should be based straight run and cracked hydrocarbon distillate components only; desulphurization is allowed. It must not contain any metallic additives or cetane improver additives.
g Note 7: Lower values are permitted, in which case the cetane number of reference fuel used is to be reported.
h Note 8: Higher values are permitted, in which case the sulphur content of the reference fuel used is to be reported.
i Note 9: To be kept under constant review in the light of trends in the markets. For the purpose of the initial approval of an engine with no exhaust gas after treatement on request of the applicant a 0.050% mass sulphur minimum is permissible, in which case the measured particulate level must be corrected upward to the average value that is nominally specified for fuel sulphur content (0.150% mass) per the equation below: where: PTadj = adjusted PT value (g/kWh) PT = measured weighted specific emission value for particulate emission (g/kWh) SFC = weighted specific fuel consumption (g/kWh) calculated according to the formula as below NSLF = average of the nominal specification of sulphur content mass fraction (ie 0.15%/100) FSF = fuel sulphur content mass fraction (%/100) Equation for the calculation of the weighted specific fuel consumption: where: For the purpose of conformity of production assessments in accordance with section 5.3.2 of Annex I, the requirements must be met using reference fuel with a sulphur content which complies with the minimum/maximum level of 0.1/0.2% mass.
j Note 10: Higher values are permitted up to 855 kg/m3, in which case the density of the reference fuel used is to be reported. For the purpose of conformity of production assessments in accordance with section 5.3.2 of Annex I, the requirements must be met using reference fuel which complies with the minimum/maximum level of 835/845 kg/m3.
l Note 11: All fuel characteristics and limit values are to be kept under review in light of trends in the markets.
k Note 12: To be replaced by EN/ISO 6245 with effect of the date of implementation.
Cetane numberd	minimum 45g maximum 50	ISO 5165
Density at 15°C	minimum 835 kg/m3 maximum 845 kg/m3j	ISO 3675, ASTM D4052
Distillationc−95% point	Maximum 370°C	ISO 3405
Viscosity at 40°C	Minimum 2.5 mm2/s Maximum 3.5mm2/s	ISO 3104
Sulphur content	Minimum 0.1% massi Maximum 0.2% massh	ISO 8754, EN 24260
Flash point	Minimum 55°C	ISO 2719
CFPP	Minimum − Maximum + 5°C	EN 116
Copper corrosion	Maximum 1	ISO 2160
Conradson carbon residue (10% DR)	Maximum 0.3% mass	ISO 10370
Ash content	Maximum 0.01% mass	ASTM D 482k
Water content	Maximum 0.05% mass	ASTM D 95, D 1744
Neutralization (strong acid) number	Minimum 0.20 mg KOH/g
Oxidation stabilitye	Maximum 2.5 mg/100 ml	ASTM D2274
Additivesf