Council Directive 92/43/EECDangos y teitl llawn

[F1 Interpretation U.K.

Guidance on the interpretation of habitat types is given in the ‘Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats’ as approved by the committee set up under Article 20 (‘Habitats Committee’) and published by the European Commission (1) .

The code corresponds to the NATURA 2000 code.

The sign ‘ * ’ indicates priority habitat types.

1. COASTAL AND HALOPHYTIC HABITATS U.K.

11. Open sea and tidal areas U.K.

1110

Sandbanks which are slightly covered by sea water all the time

1120

* Posidonia beds ( Posidonion oceanicae )

1130

Estuaries

1140

Mudflats and sandflats not covered by seawater at low tide

1150

* Coastal lagoons

1160

Large shallow inlets and bays

1170

Reefs

1180

Submarine structures made by leaking gases

12. Sea cliffs and shingle or stony beaches U.K.

1210

Annual vegetation of drift lines

1220

Perennial vegetation of stony banks

1230

Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic Coasts

1240

Vegetated sea cliffs of the Mediterranean coasts with endemic Limonium spp.

1250

Vegetated sea cliffs with endemic flora of the Macaronesian coasts

13. Atlantic and continental salt marshes and salt meadows U.K.

1310

Salicornia and other annuals colonizing mud and sand

1320

Spartina swards ( Spartinion maritimae )

1330

Atlantic salt meadows ( Glauco-Puccinellietalia maritimae )

1340

* Inland salt meadows

14. Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic salt marshes and salt meadows U.K.

1410

Mediterranean salt meadows ( Juncetalia maritimi )

1420

Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic halophilous scrubs ( Sarcocornetea fruticosi )

1430

Halo-nitrophilous scrubs ( Pegano-Salsoletea )

15. Salt and gypsum inland steppes U.K.

1510

* Mediterranean salt steppes ( Limonietalia )

1520

* Iberian gypsum vegetation ( Gypsophiletalia )

1530

* Pannonic salt steppes and salt marshes

16. Boreal Baltic archipelago, coastal and landupheaval areas U.K.

1610

Baltic esker islands with sandy, rocky and shingle beach vegetation and sublittoral vegetation

1620

Boreal Baltic islets and small islands

1630

* Boreal Baltic coastal meadows

1640

Boreal Baltic sandy beaches with perennial vegetation

1650

Boreal Baltic narrow inlets

2. COASTAL SAND DUNES AND INLAND DUNES U.K.

21. Sea dunes of the Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic coasts U.K.

2110

Embryonic shifting dunes

2120

Shifting dunes along the shoreline with Ammophila arenaria (‘white dunes’)

2130

* Fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation ( “ grey dunes ’ )

2140

* Decalcified fixed dunes with Empetrum nigrum

2150

* Atlantic decalcified fixed dunes ( Calluno-Ulicetea )

2160

Dunes with Hippophaë rhamnoides

2170

Dunes with Salix repens ssp. argentea ( Salicion arenariae )

2180

Wooded dunes of the Atlantic, Continental and Boreal region

2190

Humid dune slacks

21A0

Machairs (* in Ireland)

22. Sea dunes of the Mediterranean coast U.K.

2210

Crucianellion maritimae fixed beach dunes

2220

Dunes with Euphorbia terracina

2230

Malcolmietalia dune grasslands

2240

Brachypodietalia dune grasslands with annuals

2250

* Coastal dunes with Juniperus spp.

2260

Cisto-Lavenduletalia dune sclerophyllous scrubs

2270

* Wooded dunes with Pinus pinea and/or Pinus pinaster

23. Inland dunes, old and decalcified U.K.

2310

Dry sand heaths with Calluna and Genista

2320

Dry sand heaths with Calluna and Empetrum nigrum

2330

Inland dunes with open Corynephorus and Agrostis grasslands

2340

* Pannonic inland dunes

3. FRESHWATER HABITATS U.K.

31. Standing water U.K.

3110

Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals of sandy plains ( Littorelletalia uniflorae )

3120

Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals generally on sandy soils of the West Mediterranean, with Isoetes spp.

3130

Oligotrophic to mesotrophic standing waters with vegetation of the Littorelletea uniflorae and/or of the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea

3140

Hard oligo-mesotrophic waters with benthic vegetation of Chara spp.

3150

Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition — type vegetation

3160

Natural dystrophic lakes and ponds

3170

* Mediterranean temporary ponds

3180

* Turloughs

3190

Lakes of gypsum karst

31A0

* Transylvanian hot-spring lotus beds

32. Running water — sections of water courses with natural or semi-natural dynamics (minor, average and major beds) where the water quality shows no significant deterioration U.K.

3210

Fennoscandian natural rivers

3220

Alpine rivers and the herbaceous vegetation along their banks

3230

Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Myricaria germanica

3240

Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Salix elaeagnos

3250

Constantly flowing Mediterranean rivers with Glaucium flavum

3260

Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation

3270

Rivers with muddy banks with Chenopodion rubri p.p. and Bidention p.p. vegetation

3280

Constantly flowing Mediterranean rivers with Paspalo-Agrostidion species and hanging curtains of Salix and Populus alba

3290

Intermittently flowing Mediterranean rivers of the Paspalo-Agrostidion

4. TEMPERATE HEATH AND SCRUB U.K.

4010

Northern Atlantic wet heaths with Erica tetralix

4020

* Temperate Atlantic wet heaths with Erica ciliaris and Erica tetralix

4030

European dry heaths

4040

* Dry Atlantic coastal heaths with Erica vagans

4050

* Endemic macaronesian heaths

4060

Alpine and Boreal heaths

4070

* Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum ( Mugo-Rhododendretum hirsuti )

4080

Sub-Arctic Salix spp. Scrub

4090

Endemic oro-Mediterranean heaths with gorse

40A0

* Subcontinental peri-Pannonic scrub

40B0

Rhodope Potentilla fruticosa thickets

40C0

* Ponto-Sarmatic deciduous thickets

5. SCLEROPHYLLOUS SCRUB (MATORRAL) U.K.

51. Sub-Mediterranean and temperate scrub U.K.

5110

Stable xerothermophilous formations with Buxus sempervirens on rock slopes ( Berberidion  p.p.)

5120

Mountain Cytisus purgans formations

5130

Juniperus communis formations on heaths or calcareous grasslands

5140

* Cistus palhinhae formations on maritime wet heaths

52. Mediterranean arborescent matorral U.K.

5210

Arborescent matorral with Juniperus spp.

5220

* Arborescent matorral with Zyziphus

5230

* Arborescent matorral with Laurus nobilis

53. Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-steppe brush U.K.

5310

Laurus nobilis thickets

5320

Low formations of Euphorbia close to cliffs

5330

Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub

54. Phrygana U.K.

5410

West Mediterranean clifftop phryganas ( Astragalo-Plantaginetum subulatae )

5420

Sarcopoterium spinosum phryganas

5430

Endemic phryganas of the Euphorbio-Verbascion

6. NATURAL AND SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLAND FORMATIONS U.K.

61. Natural grasslands U.K.

6110

* Rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi

6120

* Xeric sand calcareous grasslands

6130

Calaminarian grasslands of the Violetalia calaminariae

6140

Siliceous Pyrenean Festuca eskia grasslands

6150

Siliceous alpine and boreal grasslands

6160

Oro-Iberian Festuca indigesta grasslands

6170

Alpine and subalpine calcareous grasslands

6180

Macaronesian mesophile grasslands

6190

Rupicolous pannonic grasslands ( Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis )

62. Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies U.K.

6210

Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates ( Festuco-Brometalia ) (* important orchid sites)

6220

* Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea

6230

* Species-rich Nardus grasslands, on silicious substrates in mountain areas (and submountain areas in Continental Europe)

6240

* Sub-Pannonic steppic grasslands

6250

* Pannonic loess steppic grasslands

6260

* Pannonic sand steppes

6270

* Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands

6280

* Nordic alvar and precambrian calcareous flatrocks

62A0

Eastern sub-Mediterranean dry grasslands ( Scorzoneratalia villosae )

62B0

* Serpentinophilous grassland of Cyprus

62C0

* Ponto-Sarmatic steppes

62D0

Oro-Moesian acidophilous grasslands

63. Sclerophillous grazed forests (dehesas) U.K.

6310

Dehesas with evergreen Quercus spp.

64. Semi-natural tall-herb humid meadows U.K.

6410

Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils ( Molinion caeruleae )

6420

Mediterranean tall humid grasslands of the Molinio-Holoschoenion

6430

Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities of plains and of the montane to alpine levels

6440

Alluvial meadows of river valleys of the Cnidion dubii

6450

Northern boreal alluvial meadows

6460

Peat grasslands of Troodos

65. Mesophile grasslands U.K.

6510

Lowland hay meadows ( Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis )

6520

Mountain hay meadows

6530

* Fennoscandian wooded meadows

7. RAISED BOGS AND MIRES AND FENS U.K.

71. Sphagnum acid bogs U.K.

7110

* Active raised bogs

7120

Degraded raised bogs still capable of natural regeneration

7130

Blanket bogs (* if active bog)

7140

Transition mires and quaking bogs

7150

Depressions on peat substrates of the Rhynchosporion

7160

Fennoscandian mineral-rich springs and springfens

72. Calcareous fens U.K.

7210

* Calcareous fens with Cladium mariscus and species of the Caricion davallianae

7220

* Petrifying springs with tufa formation ( Cratoneurion )

7230

Alkaline fens

7240

* Alpine pioneer formations of the Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae

73. Boreal mires U.K.

7310

* Aapa mires

7320

* Palsa mires

8. ROCKY HABITATS AND CAVES U.K.

81. Scree U.K.

8110

Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels ( Androsacetalia alpinae and Galeopsietalia ladani )

8120

Calcareous and calcshist screes of the montane to alpine levels ( Thlaspietea rotundifolii )

8130

Western Mediterranean and thermophilous scree

8140

Eastern Mediterranean screes

8150

Medio-European upland siliceous screes

8160

* Medio-European calcareous scree of hill and montane levels

82. Rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation U.K.

8210

Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation

8220

Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation

8230

Siliceous rock with pioneer vegetation of the Sedo-Scleranthion or of the Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii

8240

* Limestone pavements

83. Other rocky habitats U.K.

8310

Caves not open to the public

8320

Fields of lava and natural excavations

8330

Submerged or partially submerged sea caves

8340

Permanent glaciers

9. FORESTS U.K.

(Sub)natural woodland vegetation comprising native species forming forests of tall trees, with typical undergrowth, and meeting the following criteria: rare or residual, and/or hosting species of Community interest

90. Forests of Boreal Europe U.K.

9010

* Western Taïga

9020

* Fennoscandian hemiboreal natural old broad-leaved deciduous forests ( Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Fraxinus or Ulmus ) rich in epiphytes

9030

* Natural forests of primary succession stages of landupheaval coast

9040

Nordic subalpine/subarctic forests with Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii

9050

Fennoscandian herb-rich forests with Picea abies

9060

Coniferous forests on, or connected to, glaciofluvial eskers

9070

Fennoscandian wooded pastures

9080

* Fennoscandian deciduous swamp woods

91. Forests of Temperate Europe U.K.

9110

Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests

9120

Atlantic acidophilous beech forests with Ilex and sometimes also Taxus in the shrublayer ( Quercion robori-petraeae or Ilici-Fagenion )

9130

Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests

9140

Medio-European subalpine beech woods with Acer and Rumex arifolius

9150

Medio-European limestone beech forests of the Cephalanthero-Fagion

9160

Sub-Atlantic and medio-European oak or oak-hornbeam forests of the Carpinion betuli

9170

Galio-Carpinetum oak-hornbeam forests

9180

* Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines

9190

Old acidophilous oak woods with Quercus robur on sandy plains

91A0

Old sessile oak woods with Ilex and Blechnum in the British Isles

91B0

Thermophilous Fraxinus angustifolia woods

91C0

* Caledonian forest

91D0

* Bog woodland

91E0

* Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior ( Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae )

91F0

Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor , Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia , along the great rivers ( Ulmenion minoris )

91G0

* Pannonic woods with Quercus petraea and Carpinus betulus

91H0

* Pannonian woods with Quercus pubescens

91I0

* Euro-Siberian steppic woods with Quercus spp.

91J0

* Taxus baccata woods of the British Isles

91K0

Illyrian Fagus sylvatica forests ( Aremonio-Fagion )

91L0

Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests ( Erythronio-Carpinion )

91M0

Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak –sessile oak forests

91N0

* Pannonic inland sand dune thicket ( Junipero-Populetum albae )

91P0

Holy Cross fir forest ( Abietetum polonicum )

91Q0

Western Carpathian calcicolous Pinus sylvestris forests

91R0

Dinaric dolomite Scots pine forests ( Genisto januensis-Pinetum )

91S0

* Western Pontic beech forests

91T0

Central European lichen Scots pine forests

91U0

Sarmatic steppe pine forest

91V0

Dacian Beech forests ( Symphyto-Fagion )

91W0

Moesian beech forests

91X0

* Dobrogean beech forests

91Y0

Dacian oak & hornbeam forests

91Z0

Moesian silver lime woods

91AA

* Eastern white oak woods

91BA

Moesian silver fir forests

91CA

Rhodopide and Balkan Range Scots pine forests

92. Mediterranean deciduous forests U.K.

9210

* Apeninne beech forests with Taxus and Ilex

9220

* Apennine beech forests with Abies alba and beech forests with Abies nebrodensis

9230

Galicio-Portuguese oak woods with Quercus robur and Quercus pyrenaica

9240

Quercus faginea and Quercus canariensis Iberian woods

9250

Quercus trojana woods

9260

Castanea sativa woods

9270

Hellenic beech forests with Abies borisii-regis

9280

Quercus frainetto woods

9290

Cupressus forests ( Acero-Cupression )

92A0

Salix alba and Populus alba galleries

92B0

Riparian formations on intermittent Mediterranean water courses with Rhododendron ponticum, Salix and others

92C0

Platanus orientalis and Liquidambar orientalis woods ( Platanion orientalis )

92D0

Southern riparian galleries and thickets ( Nerio-Tamaricetea and Securinegion tinctoriae )

93. Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests U.K.

9310

Aegean Quercus brachyphylla woods

9320

Olea and Ceratonia forests

9330

Quercus suber forests

9340

Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia forests

9350

Quercus macrolepis forests

9360

* Macaronesian laurel forests ( Laurus, Ocotea )

9370

* Palm groves of Phoenix

9380

Forests of Ilex aquifolium

9390

* Scrub and low forest vegetation with Quercus alnifolia

93A0

Woodlands with Quercus infectoria ( Anagyro foetidae-Quercetum infectoriae )

94. Temperate mountainous coniferous forests U.K.

9410

Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels ( Vaccinio-Piceetea )

9420

Alpine Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra forests

9430

Subalpine and montane Pinus uncinata forests (* if on gypsum or limestone)

95. Mediterranean and Macaronesian mountainous coniferous forests U.K.

9510

* Southern Apennine Abies alba forests

9520

Abies pinsapo forests

9530

* (Sub-) Mediterranean pine forests with endemic black pines

9540

Mediterranean pine forests with endemic Mesogean pines

9550

Canarian endemic pine forests

9560

* Endemic forests with Juniperus spp.

9570

* Tetraclinis articulata forests

9580

* Mediterranean Taxus baccata woods

9590

* Cedrus brevifolia forests ( Cedrosetum brevifoliae )

95A0

High oro-Mediterranean pine forests]

Textual Amendments

F1 Substituted by Council Directive 2006/105/EC of 20 November 2006 adapting Directives 73/239/EEC, 74/557/EEC and 2002/83/EC in the field of environment, by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania.

(1)

[F1 ‘ Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats ’ , version EUR 15/2″ adopted by the Habitats Committee on 4 October 1999 and ‘ Amendments to the “ Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats ” with a view to EU enlargement ’ (Hab. 01/11b-rev. 1) adopted by the Habitats Committee on 24 April 2002 after written consultation, European Commission, Directorate General for Environment.]

Textual Amendments

F1 Substituted by Council Directive 2006/105/EC of 20 November 2006 adapting Directives 73/239/EEC, 74/557/EEC and 2002/83/EC in the field of environment, by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania.