Directive 2005/55/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (repealed)Dangos y teitl llawn

6. SPECIFICATIONS AND TESTS

6.1. General

6.1.1. Emission control equipment

6.1.1.1. The components liable to affect the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from diesel engines and the emission of gaseous pollutants from gas engines shall be so designed, constructed, assembled and installed as to enable the engine, in normal use, to comply with the provisions of this Directive.

6.1.2. Functions of emission control equipment

6.1.2.1. The use of a defeat device and/or an irrational emission control strategy is forbidden.

6.1.2.2. An auxiliary control device may be installed to an engine, or on a vehicle, provided that the device:

• operates only outside the conditions specified in paragraph 6.1.2.4, or

• is activated only temporarily under the conditions specified in paragraph 6.1.2.4 for such purposes as engine damage protection, air-handling device protection, smoke management, cold start or warming-up, or

• is activated only by on-board signals for purposes such as operational safety and limp-home strategies.

6.1.2.3. An engine control device, function, system or measure that operates during the conditions specified in Section 6.1.2.4 and which results in the use of a different or modified engine control strategy to that normally employed during the applicable emission test cycles will be permitted if, in complying with the requirements of Sections 6.1.3 and/or 6.1.4, it is fully demonstrated that the measure does not reduce the effectiveness of the emission control system. In all other cases, such devices shall be considered to be a defeat device.

6.1.2.4. For the purposes of point 6.1.2.2, the defined conditions of use under steady state and transient conditions are:

• an altitude not exceeding 1 000 metres (or equivalent atmospheric pressure of 90 kPa),

• an ambient temperature within the range 283 to 303 K (10 to 30 °C),

• engine coolant temperature within the range 343 to 368 K (70 to 95 °C).

6.1.3. Special requirements for electronic emission control systems

6.1.3.1. Documentation requirements

The manufacturer shall provide a documentation package that gives access to the basic design of the system and the means by which it controls its output variables, whether that control is direct or indirect.

The documentation shall be made available in two parts:

(a)

the formal documentation package, which shall be supplied to the technical service at the time of submission of the type-approval application, shall include a full description of the system. This documentation may be brief, provided that it exhibits evidence that all outputs permitted by a matrix obtained from the range of control of the individual unit inputs have been identified. This information shall be attached to the documentation required in Annex I, Section 3;

(b)

additional material that shows the parameters that are modified by any auxiliary control device and the boundary conditions under which the device operates. The additional material shall include a description of the fuel system control logic, timing strategies and switch points during all modes of operation.

The additional material shall also contain a justification for the use of any auxiliary control device and include additional material and test data to demonstrate the effect on exhaust emissions of any auxiliary control device installed to the engine or on the vehicle.

This additional material shall remain strictly confidential and be retained by the manufacturer, but be made open for inspection at the time of type-approval or at any time during the validity of the type-approval.

6.1.4. To verify whether any strategy or measure should be considered a defeat device or an irrational emission control strategy according to the definitions given in Sections 2.29 and 2.31, the type-approval authority and/or the technical service may additionally request a NO_x screening test using the ETC which may be carried out in combination with either the type-approval test or the procedures for checking the conformity of production.

6.1.4.1. As an alternative to the requirements of Appendix 4 to Annex III the emissions of NO_x during the ETC screening test may be sampled using the raw exhaust gas and the technical prescriptions of ISO DIS 16183, dated 15 October 2000, shall be followed.

6.1.4.2. In verifying whether any strategy or measure should be considered a defeat device or an irrational emission control strategy according to the definitions given in Sections 2.29 and 2.31, an additional margin of 10 %, related to the appropriate NO_x limit value, shall be accepted.

6.1.5. Transitional provisions for extension of type-approval

6.1.5.1. This section shall only be applicable to new compression-ignition engines and new vehicles propelled by a compression-ignition engine that have been type-approved to the requirements of row A of the tables in Section 6.2.1.

6.1.5.2. As an alternative to Sections 6.1.3 and 6.1.4, the manufacturer may present to the technical service the results of a NO_x screening test using the ETC on the engine conforming to the characteristics of the parent engine described in Annex II, and taking into account the provisions of Sections 6.1.4.1 and 6.1.4.2. The manufacturer shall also provide a written statement that the engine does not employ any defeat device or irrational emission control strategy as defined in Section 2 of this Annex.

6.1.5.3. The manufacturer shall also provide a written statement that the results of the NO_x screening test and the declaration for the parent engine, as referred to in Section 6.1.4, are also applicable to all engine types within the engine family described in Annex II.

6.2. Specifications concerning the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants and smoke

For type approval to row A of the tables in Section 6.2.1, the emissions shall be determined on the ESC and ELR tests with conventional diesel engines including those fitted with electronic fuel injection equipment, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and/or oxidation catalysts. Diesel engines fitted with advanced exhaust aftertreatment systems including the NO_x catalysts and/or particulate traps, shall additionally be tested on the ETC test.

For type approval testing to either row B1 or B2 or row C of the tables in Section 6.2.1 the emissions shall be determined on the ESC, ELR and ETC tests.

For gas engines, the gaseous emissions shall be determined on the ETC test.

The ESC and ELR test procedures are described in Annex III, Appendix 1, the ETC test procedure in Annex III, Appendices 2 and 3.

The emissions of gaseous pollutants and particulate pollutants, if applicable, and smoke, if applicable, by the engine submitted for testing shall be measured by the methods described in Annex III, Appendix 4. Annex V describes the recommended analytical systems for the gaseous pollutants, the recommended particulate sampling systems, and the recommended smoke measurement system.

Other systems or analysers may be approved by the Technical Service if it is found that they yield equivalent results on the respective test cycle. The determination of system equivalency shall be based upon a 7 sample pair (or larger) correlation study between the system under consideration and one of the reference systems of this Directive. For particulate emissions only the full flow dilution system is recognised as the reference system. ‘Results’ refer to the specific cycle emissions value. The correlation testing shall be performed at the same laboratory, test cell, and on the same engine, and is preferred to be run concurrently. The equivalency criterion is defined as a ± 5 % agreement of the sample pair averages. For introduction of a new system into the Directive the determination of equivalency shall be based upon the calculation of repeatability and reproducibility, as described in ISO 5725.

6.2.1. Limit values

The specific mass of the carbon monoxide, of the total hydrocarbons, of the oxides of nitrogen and of the particulates, as determined on the ESC test, and of the smoke opacity, as determined on the ELR test, shall not exceed the amounts shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Limit values — ESC and ELR tests

a For engines having a swept volume of less than 0,75 dm3 per cylinder and a rated power speed of more than 3 000 min -1.
Row	Mass of carbon monoxide(CO) g/kWh	Mass of hydrocarbons(HC) g/kWh	Mass of nitrogen oxides(NOx) g/kWh	Mass of particulates(PT) g/kWh		Smokem–1
A (2000)	2,1	0,66	5,0	0,10	0,13a	0,8
B1 (2005)	1,5	0,46	3,5	0,02		0,5
B2 (2008)	1,5	0,46	2,0	0,02		0,5
C (EEV)	1,5	0,25	2,0	0,02		0,15

For diesel engines that are additionally tested on the ETC test, and specifically for gas engines, the specific masses of the carbon monoxide, of the non-methane hydrocarbons, of the methane (where applicable), of the oxides of nitrogen and of the particulates (where applicable) shall not exceed the amounts shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Limit values — ETC tests

a For NG engines only.
b Not applicable for gas fuelled engines at stage A and stages B1 and B2.
c For engines having a swept volume of less than 0,75 dm3 per cylinder and a rated power speed of more than 3 000 min-1.
Row	Mass of carbon monoxide(CO) g/kWh	Mass of non-methane hydrocarbons(NMHC) g/kWh	Mass of methane(CH4)a g/kWh	Mass of nitrogen oxides(NOx) g/kWh	Mass of particulates(PT)b g/kWh
A (2000)	5,45	0,78	1,6	5,0	0,16	0,21c
B1 (2005)	4,0	0,55	1,1	3,5	0,03
B2 (2008)	4,0	0,55	1,1	2,0	0,03
C (EEV)	3,0	0,40	0,65	2,0	0,02

6.2.2. Hydrocarbon measurement for diesel and gas fuelled engines

6.2.2.1. A manufacturer may choose to measure the mass of total hydrocarbons (THC) on the ETC test instead of measuring the mass of non-methane hydrocarbons. In this case, the limit for the mass of total hydrocarbons is the same as shown in Table 2 for the mass of non-methane hydrocarbons.

6.2.3. Specific requirements for diesel engines

6.2.3.1. The specific mass of the oxides of nitrogen measured at the random check points within the control area of the ESC test must not exceed by more than 10 per cent the values interpolated from the adjacent test modes (reference Annex III, Appendix 1, Sections 4.6.2 and 4.6.3).

6.2.3.2. The smoke value on the random test speed of the ELR must not exceed the highest smoke value of the two adjacent test speeds by more than 20 per cent, or by more than 5 per cent of the limit value, whichever is greater.