Commission Directive 2008/84/EC of 27 August 2008 laying down specific purity criteria on food additives other than colours and sweeteners (Text with EEA relevance) (Codified version) (repealed) (c. 84)

ANNEX I

E 472 c CITRIC ACID ESTERS OF MONO- AND DIGLYCERIDES OF FATTY ACIDS

Note: Purity criteria apply to the additive free of sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids, however, these substances may be present up to a maximum level of 6 % (expressed as sodium oleate).
Synonyms	Citrem
	Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides
	Citroglycerides
	Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids esterified with citric acid
Definition	Esters of glycerol with citric acid and fatty acids occurring in food oils and fats. They may contain small amounts of free glycerol, free fatty acids, free citric acid and free glycerides. They may be partially or wholly neutralised with sodium hydroxide or with potassium hydroxide
Description	Yellowish or light brown liquids to waxy solids or semi-solids
Identification
A. Positive tests for glycerol, for fatty acids and for citric acid
B. Solubility	Insoluble in cold water
	Dispersible in hot water
	Soluble in oils and fats
	Insoluble in cold ethanol
Purity
Acids other than citric and fatty acids	Not detectable
Free glycerol	Not more than 2 %
Total glycerol	Not less than 8 % and not more than 33 %
Total citric acid	Not less than 13 % and not more than 50 %
Sulphated ash (determined at 800 ± 25 oC)	Non-neutralised products: not more than 0,5 %
	Partially or wholly neutralised products: not more than 10 %
Lead	Not more than 2 mg/kg
Free fatty acids	Not more than 3 % estimated as oleic acid