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Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012Dangos y teitl llawn

Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 of 9 March 2012 laying down specifications for food additives listed in Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (Text with EEA relevance)

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E 140 (i) CHLOROPHYLLS

SynonymsCI Natural Green 3; Magnesium Chlorophyll; Magnesium Phaeophytin
DefinitionChlorophylls are obtained by solvent extraction of strains of edible plant material, grass, lucerne and nettle. During the subsequent removal of solvent, the naturally present coordinated magnesium may be wholly or partly removed from the chlorophylls to give the corresponding phaeophytins. The principal colouring matters are the phaeophytins and magnesium chlorophylls. The extracted product, from which the solvent has been removed, contains other pigments such as carotenoids as well as oils, fats and waxes derived from the source material. Only the following solvents may be used for the extraction: acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dichloromethane, carbon dioxide, methanol, ethanol, propan-2-ol and hexane.
Colour Index No75810
EinecsChlorophylls: 215-800-7, chlorophyll a: 207-536-6, Chlorophyll b: 208-272-4
Chemical name

The major colouring principles are:

Phytyl (132R,17S,18S)-3-(8-ethyl-132-methoxycarbonyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-13′-oxo-3-vinyl-131-132-17,18-tetrahydrocyclopenta [at]-porphyrin-17-yl)propionate, (Phaeophytin a), or as the magnesium complex (Chlorophyll a)

Phytyl (132R,17S,18S)-3-(8-ethyl-7-formyl-132-methoxycarbonyl-2,12,18-trimethyl-13′-oxo-3-vinyl-131-132-17,18-tetrahydrocyclopenta[at]-porphyrin-17-yl)propionate, (Pheophytin b), or as the magnesium complex (Chlorophyll b)

Chemical formula

Chlorophyll a (magnesium complex): C55H72MgN4O5

Chlorophyll a: C55H74N4O5

Chlorophyll b (magnesium complex): C55H70MgN4O6

Chlorophyll b: C55H72N4O6

Molecular weight

Chlorophyll a (magnesium complex): 893,51

Chlorophyll a: 871,22

Chlorophyll b (magnesium complex): 907,49

Chlorophyll b: 885,20

Assay

Content of total combined Chlorophylls and their magnesium complexes is not less than 10 %

700 at ca. 409 nm in chloroform

DescriptionWaxy solid ranging in colour from olive green to dark green depending on the content of coordinated magnesium
Identification
SpectrometryMaximum in chloroform at ca. 409 nm
Purity
Solvent residuesAcetoneNot more than 50 mg/kg, singly or in combination
Methyl Ethyl ketone
Methanol
Ethanol
Propan-2-ol
Hexane
Dichloromethane:Not more than 10 mg/kg
ArsenicNot more than 3 mg/kg
LeadNot more than 5 mg/kg
MercuryNot more than 1 mg/kg
CadmiumNot more than 1 mg/kg

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