Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the CouncilDangos y teitl llawn

[X1 CHAPTER 3 U.K. Additional Tier 1 capital

Section 1 U.K. Additional Tier 1 items and instruments

Article 51 U.K. Additional Tier 1 items

Additional Tier 1 items shall consist of the following:

(a)

capital instruments, where the conditions laid down in Article 52(1) are met;

(b)

the share premium accounts related to the instruments referred to in point (a).

Instruments included under point (a) shall not qualify as Common Equity Tier 1 or Tier 2 items.

Article 52 U.K. Additional Tier 1 instruments

1. Capital instruments shall qualify as Additional Tier 1 instruments only if the following conditions are met:

[F1 (a) the instruments are directly issued by an institution and fully paid up;]

[F1 (b) the instruments are not owned by any of the following:]

(i)

the institution or its subsidiaries;

(ii)

an undertaking in which the institution has a participation in the form of ownership, direct or by way of control, of 20 % or more of the voting rights or capital of that undertaking;

[F1 (c) the acquisition of ownership of the instruments is not funded directly or indirectly by the institution;]

(d) the instruments rank below Tier 2 instruments in the event of the insolvency of the institution;

(e) the instruments are neither secured nor subject to a guarantee that enhances the seniority of the claims by any of the following:

(i)

the institution or its subsidiaries;

(ii)

the parent undertaking of the institution or its subsidiaries;

(iii)

the parent financial holding company or its subsidiaries;

(iv)

the mixed activity holding company or its subsidiaries;

(v)

the mixed financial holding company or its subsidiaries;

(vi)

any undertaking that has close links with entities referred to in points (i) to (v);

(f) the instruments are not subject to any arrangement, contractual or otherwise, that enhances the seniority of the claim under the instruments in insolvency or liquidation;

(g) the instruments are perpetual and the provisions governing them include no incentive for the institution to redeem them;

[F1 (h) where the instruments include one or more early redemption options including call options, the options are exercisable at the sole discretion of the issuer;]

(i) the instruments may be called, redeemed or repurchased only where the conditions laid down in Article 77 are met, and not before five years after the date of issuance except where the conditions laid down in Article 78(4) are met;

[F1 (j) the provisions governing the instruments do not indicate explicitly or implicitly that the instruments would be called, redeemed or repurchased, as applicable, by the institution other than in the case of the insolvency or liquidation of the institution and the institution does not otherwise provide such an indication;]

(k) the institution does not indicate explicitly or implicitly that the competent authority would consent to a request to call, redeem or repurchase the instruments;

(l) distributions under the instruments meet the following conditions:

(i)

they are paid out of distributable items;

(ii)

the level of distributions made on the instruments will not be amended on the basis of the credit standing of the institution or its parent undertaking;

(iii)

the provisions governing the instruments give the institution full discretion at all times to cancel the distributions on the instruments for an unlimited period and on a non-cumulative basis, and the institution may use such cancelled payments without restriction to meet its obligations as they fall due;

(iv)

cancellation of distributions does not constitute an event of default of the institution;

(v)

the cancellation of distributions imposes no restrictions on the institution;

(m) the instruments do not contribute to a determination that the liabilities of an institution exceed its assets, where such a determination constitutes a test of insolvency under applicable national law [F2 of the United Kingdom, or any part of it, or of a third country];

(n) the provisions governing the instruments require that, upon the occurrence of a trigger event, the principal amount of the instruments be written down on a permanent or temporary basis or the instruments be converted to Common Equity Tier 1 instruments;

(o) the provisions governing the instruments include no feature that could hinder the recapitalisation of the institution;

[F1 (p) where the issuer is established in a third country and has been designated [F3 by the Bank] as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the [F4 United Kingdom] or where the issuer is established [F5 in the United Kingdom], the law or contractual provisions governing the instruments require that, upon a decision by the resolution authority to exercise the write-down and conversion powers referred to in [F6 section 6B of the Banking Act 2009], the principal amount of the instruments is to be written down on a permanent basis or the instruments are to be converted to Common Equity Tier 1 instruments;

where the issuer is established in a third country and has not been designated [F3 by the Bank] as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the [F4 United Kingdom], the law or contractual provisions governing the instruments require that, upon a decision by the relevant third-country authority, the principal amount of the instruments is to be written down on a permanent basis or the instruments are to be converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments;]

[F7 (q) where the issuer is established in a third country and has been designated [F8 by the Bank] as part of a resolution group the resolution entity of which is established in the [F9 United Kingdom] or where the issuer is established [F10 in the United Kingdom], the instruments may only be issued under, or be otherwise subject to the laws of a third country where, under those laws, the exercise of the write-down and conversion powers referred to in [F11 section 6B of the Banking Act 2009] is effective and enforceable on the basis of statutory provisions or legally enforceable contractual provisions that recognise resolution or other write-down or conversion actions;

(r) the instruments are not subject to set-off or netting arrangements that would undermine their capacity to absorb losses.]

The condition set out in point (d) of the first subparagraph shall be deemed to be met notwithstanding the fact that the instruments are included in Additional Tier 1 or Tier 2 by virtue of Article 484(3), provided that they rank pari passu.

[F7 For the purposes of point (a) of the first subparagraph, only the part of a capital instrument that is fully paid up shall be eligible to qualify as an Additional Tier 1 instrument.]

2. [F12 The [F13 PRA may] make technical standards] to specify all the following:

(a) the form and nature of incentives to redeem;

(b) the nature of any write up of the principal amount of an Additional Tier 1 instrument following a write down of its principal amount on a temporary basis;

(c) the procedures and timing for the following:

(i)

determining that a trigger event has occurred;

(ii)

writing up the principal amount of an Additional Tier 1 instrument following a write down of its principal amount on a temporary basis;

(d) features of instruments that could hinder the recapitalisation of the institution;

(e) the use of special purpose entities for indirect issuance of own funds instruments.

F14 ...

Textual Amendments

F1 Substituted by Regulation (EU) 2019/876 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2019 amending Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 as regards the leverage ratio, the net stable funding ratio, requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities, counterparty credit risk, market risk, exposures to central counterparties, exposures to collective investment undertakings, large exposures, reporting and disclosure requirements, and Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (Text with EEA relevance).

F2 Words in Art. 52(1)(m) inserted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1401), regs. 1(3), 92 (with savings in S.I. 2019/680, reg. 11); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F3 Words in Art. 52(1)(p) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(2)(a); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F4 Words in Art. 52(1)(p) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(2)(b); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F5 Words in Art. 52(1)(p) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(2)(c); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F6 Words in Art. 52(1)(p) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(2)(d); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F7 Inserted by Regulation (EU) 2019/876 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2019 amending Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 as regards the leverage ratio, the net stable funding ratio, requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities, counterparty credit risk, market risk, exposures to central counterparties, exposures to collective investment undertakings, large exposures, reporting and disclosure requirements, and Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (Text with EEA relevance).

F8 Words in Art. 52(1)(q) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(3)(a); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F9 Words in Art. 52(1)(q) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(3)(b); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F10 Words in Art. 52(1)(q) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(3)(c); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F11 Words in Art. 52(1)(q) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 22(3)(d); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F12 Words in Art. 52(2) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1401), regs. 1(3), 222(1)(a)(2) (with savings in S.I. 2019/680, reg. 11); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

F13 Words in Art. 52(2) substituted (1.1.2022) by Financial Services Act 2021 (c. 22), s. 49(5), Sch. 1 para. 47; S.I. 2021/671, reg. 5(1)(b) (with reg. 5(2)) (as amended by S.I. 2021/1163, regs. 1(2), 2)

F14 Words in Art. 52(2) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1401), regs. 1(3), 222(1)(b) (with savings in S.I. 2019/680, reg. 11); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

Article 53 U.K. Restrictions on the cancellation of distributions on Additional Tier 1 instruments and features that could hinder the recapitalisation of the institution

For the purposes of points (l)(v) and (o) of Article 52(1), the provisions governing Additional Tier 1 instruments shall, in particular, not include the following:

(a)

a requirement for distributions on the instruments to be made in the event of a distribution being made on an instrument issued by the institution that ranks to the same degree as, or more junior than, an Additional Tier 1 instrument, including a Common Equity Tier 1 instrument;

(b)

a requirement for the payment of distributions on Common Equity Tier 1, Additional Tier 1 or Tier 2 instruments to be cancelled in the event that distributions are not made on those Additional Tier 1 instruments;

(c)

an obligation to substitute the payment of interest or dividend by a payment in any other form. The institution shall not otherwise be subject to such an obligation.

Article 54 U.K. Write down or conversion of Additional Tier 1 instruments

1 . For the purposes of point (n) of Article 52(1), the following provisions shall apply to Additional Tier 1 instruments:

( a ) a trigger event occurs when the Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio of the institution referred to in point (a) of Article 92(1) falls below either of the following:

(i)

5,125 %;

(ii)

a level higher than 5,125 %, where determined by the institution and specified in the provisions governing the instrument;

( b ) institutions may specify in the provisions governing the instrument one or more trigger events in addition to that referred to in point (a);

( c ) where the provisions governing the instruments require them to be converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments upon the occurrence of a trigger event, those provisions shall specify either of the following:

(i)

the rate of such conversion and a limit on the permitted amount of conversion;

(ii)

a range within which the instruments will convert into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments;

( d ) where the provisions governing the instruments require their principal amount to be written down upon the occurrence of a trigger event, the write down shall reduce all the following:

(i)

the claim of the holder of the instrument in the insolvency or liquidation of the institution;

(ii)

the amount required to be paid in the event of the call or redemption of the instrument;

(iii)

the distributions made on the instrument [F1 ;]

[F7 (e ) where the Additional Tier 1 instruments have been issued by a subsidiary undertaking established in a third country, the 5,125 % or higher trigger referred to in point (a) shall be calculated in accordance with the national law of that third country or contractual provisions governing the instruments, provided that the competent authority F15 ... is satisfied that those provisions are at least equivalent to the requirements set out in this Article.]

2 . Write down or conversion of an Additional Tier 1 instrument shall, under the applicable accounting framework, generate items that qualify as Common Equity Tier 1 items.

3 . The amount of Additional Tier 1 instruments recognised in Additional Tier 1 items is limited to the minimum amount of Common Equity Tier 1 items that would be generated if the principal amount of the Additional Tier 1 instruments were fully written down or converted into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments.

4 . The aggregate amount of Additional Tier 1 instruments that is required to be written down or converted upon the occurrence of a trigger event shall be no less than the lower of the following:

( a ) the amount required to restore fully the Common Equity Tier 1 ratio of the institution to 5,125 %;

( b ) the full principal amount of the instrument.

5 . When a trigger event occurs institutions shall do the following:

( a ) immediately inform the competent authorities;

( b ) inform the holders of the Additional Tier 1 instruments;

( c ) write down the principal amount of the instruments, or convert the instruments into Common Equity Tier 1 instruments without delay, but no later than within one month, in accordance with the requirement laid down in this Article.

6 . An institution issuing Additional Tier 1 instruments that convert to Common Equity Tier 1 on the occurrence of a trigger event shall ensure that its authorised share capital is at all times sufficient, for converting all such convertible Additional Tier 1 instruments into shares if a trigger event occurs. All necessary authorisations shall be obtained at the date of issuance of such convertible Additional Tier 1 instruments. The institution shall maintain at all times the necessary prior authorisation to issue the Common Equity Tier 1 instruments into which such Additional Tier 1 instruments would convert upon occurrence of a trigger event.

7 . An institution issuing Additional Tier 1 instruments that convert to Common Equity Tier 1 on the occurrence of a trigger event shall ensure that there are no procedural impediments to that conversion by virtue of its incorporation or statutes or contractual arrangements.

Textual Amendments

F7 Inserted by Regulation (EU) 2019/876 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2019 amending Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 as regards the leverage ratio, the net stable funding ratio, requirements for own funds and eligible liabilities, counterparty credit risk, market risk, exposures to central counterparties, exposures to collective investment undertakings, large exposures, reporting and disclosure requirements, and Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (Text with EEA relevance).

F15 Words in Art. 54(1)(e) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Capital Requirements (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/1232), regs. 1(3), 23; 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

Article 55 U.K. Consequences of the conditions for Additional Tier 1 instruments ceasing to be met

The following shall apply where, in the case of an Additional Tier 1 instrument, the conditions laid down in Article 52(1) cease to be met:

(a)

that instrument shall immediately cease to qualify as an Additional Tier 1 instrument;

(b)

the part of the share premium accounts that relates to that instrument shall immediately cease to qualify as an Additional Tier 1 item.

Section 2 U.K. Deductions from Additional Tier 1 items

Article 56 U.K. Deductions from Additional Tier 1 items

Institutions shall deduct the following from Additional Tier 1 items:

(a)

direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by an institution of own Additional Tier 1 instruments, including own Additional Tier 1 instruments that an institution could be obliged to purchase as a result of existing contractual obligations;

(b)

direct, indirect and synthetic holdings of the Additional Tier 1 instruments of financial sector entities with which the institution has reciprocal cross holdings that the competent authority considers to have been designed to inflate artificially the own funds of the institution;

(c)

the applicable amount determined in accordance with Article 60 of direct, indirect and synthetic holdings of the Additional Tier 1 instruments of financial sector entities, where an institution does not have a significant investment in those entities;

(d)

direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by the institution of the Additional Tier 1 instruments of financial sector entities where the institution has a significant investment in those entities, excluding underwriting positions held for five working days or fewer;

(e)

[X2 the amount of items required to be deducted from Tier 2 items pursuant to Article 66 that exceeds the Tier 2 items of the institution;]

(f)

any tax charge relating to Additional Tier 1 items foreseeable at the moment of its calculation, except where the institution suitably adjusts the amount of Additional Tier 1 items insofar as such tax charges reduce the amount up to which those items may be applied to cover risks or losses.

Editorial Information

X2 Substituted by Corrigendum to Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions and investment firms and amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (Official Journal of the European Union L 176 of 27 June 2013) (Corrected version in Official Journal of the European Union L 321 of 30 November 2013).

Article 57 U.K. Deductions of holdings of own Additional Tier 1 instruments

For the purposes of point (a) of Article 56, institutions shall calculate holdings of own Additional Tier 1 instruments on the basis of gross long positions subject to the following exceptions:

(a)

institutions may calculate the amount of holdings of own Additional Tier 1 instruments on the basis of the net long position provided that both the following conditions are met:

(i)

the long and short positions are in the same underlying exposure and the short positions involve no counterparty risk;

(ii)

either both the long and the short positions are held in the trading book or both are held in the non-trading book;

(b)

institutions shall determine the amount to be deducted for direct, indirect or synthetic holdings of index securities by calculating the underlying exposure to own Additional Tier 1 instruments in those indices;

(c)

institutions may net gross long positions in own Additional Tier 1 instruments resulting from holdings of index securities against short positions in own Additional Tier 1 instruments resulting from short positions in the underlying indices, including where those short positions involve counterparty risk, provided that both the following conditions are met:

(i)

the long and short positions are in the same underlying indices;

(ii)

either both the long and the short positions are held in the trading book or both are held in the non-trading book;

Article 58 U.K. Deduction of holdings of Additional Tier 1 instruments of financial sector entities and where an institution has a reciprocal cross holding designed artificially to inflate own funds

Institutions shall make the deductions required by points (b), (c) and (d) of Article 56 in accordance with the following:

(a)

holdings of Additional Tier 1 instruments shall be calculated on the basis of the gross long positions;

(b)

Additional Tier 1 own-fund insurance items shall be treated as holdings of Additional Tier 1 instruments for the purposes of deduction.

Article 59 U.K. Deduction of holdings of Additional Tier 1 instruments of financial sector entities

Institutions shall make the deductions required by points (c) and (d) of Article 56 in accordance with the following:

(a)

they may calculate direct, indirect and synthetic holdings of Additional Tier 1 instruments of the financial sector entities on the basis of the net long position in the same underlying exposure provided that both the following conditions are met:

(i)

[F1 the maturity date of the short position is either the same as, or later than the maturity date of the long position or the residual maturity of the short position is at least one year;]

(ii)

either both the short position and the long position are held in the trading book or both are held in the non-trading book.

(b)

they shall determine the amount to be deducted for direct, indirect and synthetic holdings of index securities by calculating the underlying exposure to the capital instruments of the financial sector entities in those indices.

Article 60 U.K. Deduction of holdings of Additional Tier 1 instruments where an institution does not have a significant investment in a financial sector entity

1. For the purposes of point (c) of Article 56, institutions shall calculate the applicable amount to be deducted by multiplying the amount referred to in point (a) of this paragraph by the factor derived from the calculation referred to in point (b) of this paragraph:

(a) the aggregate amount by which the direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by the institution of the Common Equity Tier 1, Additional Tier 1 and Tier 2 instruments of financial sector entities in which the institution does not have a significant investment exceeds 10 % of the Common Equity Tier 1 items of the institution calculated after applying the following:

(i)

Article 32 to 35;

(ii)

points (a) to (g), points (k)(ii) to (v) and point (l) of Article 36(1), excluding deferred tax assets that rely on future profitability and arise from temporary differences;

(iii)

Articles 44 and 45;

(b) the amount of direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by the institution of the Additional Tier 1 instruments of those financial sector entities in which the institution does not have a significant investment divided by the aggregate amount of all direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by the institution of the Common Equity Tier 1, Additional Tier 1 and Tier 2 instruments of those financial sector entities.

2. Institutions shall exclude underwriting positions held for five working days or fewer from the amount referred to in point (a) of paragraph 1 and from the calculation of the factor referred to in point (b) of paragraph 1.

3. The amount to be deducted pursuant to paragraph 1 shall be apportioned across all Additional Tier 1 instruments held. Institutions shall determine the amount of each Additional Tier 1 instrument to be deducted pursuant to paragraph 1 by multiplying the amount specified in point (a) of this paragraph by the proportion specified in point (b) of this paragraph:

(a) the amount of holdings required to be deducted pursuant to paragraph 1;

(b) the proportion of the aggregate amount of direct, indirect and synthetic holdings by the institution of the Additional Tier 1 instruments of financial sector entities in which the institution does not have a significant investment represented by each Additional Tier 1 instrument held.

4. The amount of holdings referred to in point (c) of Article 56 that is equal to or less than 10 % of the Common Equity Tier 1 items of the institution after applying the provisions laid down in points (a)(i), (ii) and (iii) of paragraph 1 shall not be deducted and shall be subject to the applicable risk weights in accordance with Chapter 2 or 3 of Title II of Part Three [F16 , Articles 132a to 132c of Chapter 3 of the Standardised Approach and Internal Ratings Based Approach to Credit Risk (CRR) Part of the PRA Rulebook] and the requirements laid down in Title IV of Part Three, as applicable.

5. Institutions shall determine the amount of each Additional Tier 1 instrument that is risk weighted pursuant to paragraph 4 by multiplying the amount specified in point (a) of this paragraph by the amount specified in point (b) of this paragraph:

(a) the amount of holdings required to be risk weighted pursuant to paragraph 4;

(b) the proportion resulting from the calculation in point (b) of paragraph 3.

Textual Amendments

F16 Words in Art. 60(4) inserted (1.1.2022) by The Financial Services Act 2021 (Prudential Regulation of Credit Institutions and Investment Firms) (Consequential Amendments and Miscellaneous Provisions) Regulations 2021 (S.I. 2021/1376), regs. 1(3), 25(7)

Section 3 U.K. Additional Tier 1 capital

Article 61 U.K. Additional Tier 1 capital

The Additional Tier 1 capital of an institution shall consist of Additional Tier 1 items after the deduction of the items referred to in Article 56 and the application of Article 79.]

Editorial Information

X1 Substituted by Corrigendum to Regulation (EU) No 575/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on prudential requirements for credit institutions and investment firms and amending Regulation (EU) No 648/2012 (OJ L 176, 27.6.2013, p. 1).