For the purposes of applying point (a) of Article 12(1) of this Regulation, and without prejudice to the forms of behaviour set out in paragraph 2 of that Article, the following non-exhaustive indicators, which shall not necessarily be deemed, in themselves, to constitute market manipulation, shall be taken into account when transactions or orders to trade are examined by market participants and [F1the FCA]:
Textual Amendments
F1Words in Annex 1 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Market Abuse (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/310), regs. 1(3), 17; 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)
the extent to which orders to trade given or transactions undertaken represent a significant proportion of the daily volume of transactions in the relevant financial instrument, related spot commodity contract, or auctioned product based on emission allowances, in particular when those activities lead to a significant change in their prices;
the extent to which orders to trade given or transactions undertaken by persons with a significant buying or selling position in a financial instrument, a related spot commodity contract, or an auctioned product based on emission allowances, lead to significant changes in the price of that financial instrument, related spot commodity contract, or auctioned product based on emission allowances;
whether transactions undertaken lead to no change in beneficial ownership of a financial instrument, a related spot commodity contract, or an auctioned product based on emission allowances;
the extent to which orders to trade given or transactions undertaken or orders cancelled include position reversals in a short period and represent a significant proportion of the daily volume of transactions in the relevant financial instrument, a related spot commodity contract, or an auctioned product based on emission allowances, and might be associated with significant changes in the price of a financial instrument, a related spot commodity contract, or an auctioned product based on emission allowances;
the extent to which orders to trade given or transactions undertaken are concentrated within a short time span in the trading session and lead to a price change which is subsequently reversed;
the extent to which orders to trade given change the representation of the best bid or offer prices in a financial instrument, a related spot commodity contract, or an auctioned product based on emission allowances, or more generally the representation of the order book available to market participants, and are removed before they are executed; and
the extent to which orders to trade are given or transactions are undertaken at or around a specific time when reference prices, settlement prices and valuations are calculated and lead to price changes which have an effect on such prices and valuations.
For the purposes of applying point (b) of Article 12(1) of this Regulation, and without prejudice to the forms of behaviour set out in paragraph 2 of that Article thereof, the following non-exhaustive indicators, which shall not necessarily be deemed, in themselves, to constitute market manipulation, shall be taken into account where transactions or orders to trade are examined by market participants and [F1the FCA]:
whether orders to trade given or transactions undertaken by persons are preceded or followed by dissemination of false or misleading information by the same persons or by persons linked to them; and
whether orders to trade are given or transactions are undertaken by persons before or after the same persons or persons linked to them produce or disseminate investment recommendations which are erroneous, biased, or demonstrably influenced by material interest.
| This Regulation | Directive 2003/6/EC |
|---|---|
| Article 1 | |
| Article 2 | |
| Article 2(1)(a) | Article 9, first paragraph |
| Article 2(1)(b) | |
| Article 2(1)(c) | |
| Article 2(1)(d) | Article 9, second paragraph |
| Article 2(3) | Article 9, first paragraph |
| Article 2(4) | Article 10 (a) |
| Point (1) of Article 3(1) | Article 1(3) |
| Point (2) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (3) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (4) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (5) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (6) of Article 3(1) | Article 1(4) |
| Point (7) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (8) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (9) of Article 3(1) | Article 1(5) |
| Point (10) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (11) of Article 3(1) | |
| Point (12) of Article 3(1) | Article 1(7) |
| Point (13) of Article 3(1) | Article 1(6) |
| Points (14) to (35) of Article 3(1) | |
| Article 4 | |
| Article 5 | Article 8 |
| Article 6(1) | Article 7 |
| Article 6(2) | |
| Article 6(3) | |
| Article 6(4) | |
| Article 6(5) | |
| Article 6(6) | |
| Article 6(7) | |
| Article 7(1)(a) | Article 1(1), first paragraph |
| Article 7(1)(b) | Article 1(1), second paragraph |
| Article 7(1)(c) | |
| Article 7(1)(d) | Article 1(1), third paragraph |
| Article 7(2) | |
| Article 7(3) | |
| Article 7(4) | |
| Article 7(5) | |
| Article 8(1) | Article 2(1), first subparagraph |
| Article 8(2) | |
| Article 8(2)(a) | Article 3(b) |
| Article 8(2)(b) | |
| Article 8(3) | |
| Article 8(4)(a) | Article 2(1)(a) |
| Article 8(4)(b) | Article 2(1)(b) |
| Article 8(4)(c) | Article 2(1)(c) |
| Article 8(4)(d) | Article 2(1)(d) |
| Article 8(4), second subparagraph | Article 4 |
| Article 8(5) | Article 2(2) |
| Article 9(1) | |
| Article 9(2) | |
| Article 9(3)(a) | Article 2(3) |
| Article 9(3)(b) | Article 2(3) |
| Article 9(4) | |
| Article 9(5) | |
| Article 9(6) | |
| Article 10(1) | Article 3(a) |
| Article 10(2) | |
| Article 11 | |
| Article 12(1) | |
| Article 12(1)(a) | Article 1(2)(a) |
| Article 12(1)(b) | Article 1(2)(b) |
| Article 12(1)(c) | Article 1(2)(c) |
| Article 12(1)(d) | |
| Article 12(2)(a) | Article 1(2), first indent of second paragraph |
| Article 12(2)(b) | Article 1(2), second indent of second paragraph |
| Article 12(2)(c) | |
| Article 12(2)(d) | Article 1(2), third indent of second paragraph |
| Article 12(2)(e) | |
| Article 12(3) | |
| Article 12(4) | |
| Article 12(5) | Article 1(2), third paragraph |
| Article 13(1) | Article 1(2)(a), second paragraph |
| Article 13(1) | |
| Article 13(2) | |
| Article 13(3) | |
| Article 13(4) | |
| Article 13(5) | |
| Article 13(6) | |
| Article 13(7) | |
| Article 13(8) | |
| Article 13(9) | |
| Article 13(10) | |
| Article 13(11) | |
| Article 14(a) | Article 2(1), first paragraph |
| Article 14(b) | Article 3(b) |
| Article 14(c) | Article 3(a) |
| Article 15 | Article 5 |
| Article 16(1) | Article 6(6) |
| Article 16(2) | Article 6(9) |
| Article 16(3) | |
| Article 16(4) | |
| Article 16(5) | Article 6(10), seventh indent |
| Article 17(1) | Article 6(1) |
| Article 17(1), third subparagraph | Article 9, third paragraph |
| Article 17(2) | |
| Article 17(3) | |
| Article 17(4) | Article 6(2) |
| Article 17(5) | |
| Article 17(6) | |
| Article 17(7) | |
| Article 17(8) | Article 6(3), first and second subparagraph |
| Article 17(9) | |
| Article 17(10) | Article 6(10), first and second indent |
| Article 17(11) | |
| Article 18(1) | Article 6(3), third subparagraph |
| Article 18(2) | |
| Article 18(3) | |
| Article 18(4) | |
| Article 18(5) | |
| Article 18(6) | |
| Article 18(7) | Article 9, third paragraph |
| Article 18(8) | |
| Article 18(9) | Article 6(10), fourth indent |
| Article 19(1) | Article 6(4) |
| Article 19(1)(a) | Article 6(4) |
| Article 19(1)(b) | |
| Article 19(2) | |
| Article 19(3) | |
| Article 19(4)(a) | |
| Article 19(4)(b) | |
| Article 19(5) to (13) | |
| Article 19(14) | Article 6(10), fifth indent |
| Article 19(15) | Article 6(10), fifth indent |
| Article 20(1) | Article 6(5) |
| Article 20(2) | Article 6(8) |
| Article 20(3) | Article 6(10), sixth indent and Article 6(11) |
| Article 21 | Article 1(2)(c), second sentence |
| Article 22 | Article 11, first paragraph and Article 10 |
| Article 23(1) | Article 12(1) |
| Article 23(1)(a) | Article 12(1)(a) |
| Article 23(1)(b) | Article 12(1)(b) |
| Article 23(1)(c) | Article 12(1)(c) |
| Article 23(1)(d) | Article 12(1)(d) |
| Article 23(2)(a) | Article 12(2)(a) |
| Article 23(2)(b) | Article 12(2)(b) |
| Article 23(2)(c) | |
| Article 23(2)(d) | Article 12(2)(c) |
| Article 23(2)(e) | |
| Article 23(2)(f) | |
| Article 23(2)(g) | Article 12(2)(d) |
| Article 23(2)(h) | Article 12(2)(d) |
| Article 23(2)(i) | Article 12(2)(g) |
| Article 23(2)(j) | Article 12(2)(f) |
| Article 23(2)(k) | Article 12(2)(e) |
| Article 23(2)(l) | Article 12(2)(h) |
| Article 23(2)(m) | Article 6(7) |
| Article 23(3) | |
| Article 23(4) | |
| Article 24(1) | Article 15a(1) |
| Article 24(2) | Article 15a(2) |
| Article 24(3) | |
| Article 25(1) first subparagraph | Article 16(1) |
| Article 25(2) | Article 16(2) and Article 16(4), fourth subparagraph |
| Article 25(2)(a) | Article 16(2), first indent of second subparagraph and Article 16(4) fourth subparagraph |
| Article 25(2)(b) | |
| Article 25(2)(c) | Article 16(2), second indent of second subparagraph and Article 16(4), fourth subparagraph |
| Article 25(2)(d) | Article 16(2) third indent of second subparagraph and Article 16(4) fourth subparagraph |
| Article 25(3) | |
| Article 25(4) | Article 16(2), first sentence |
| Article 25(5) | Article 16(3) |
| Article 25(6) | Article 16(4) |
| Article 25(7) | Article 16(2), fourth subparagraph and Article 16(4), fourth subparagraph |
| Article 25(8) | |
| Article 25(9) | Article 16(5) |
| Article 26 | |
| Article 27(1) | |
| Article 27(2) | |
| Article 27(3) | Article 13 |
| Article 28 | |
| Article 29 | |
| Article 30(1) first subparagraph | Article 14(1) |
| Article 30(1)(a) | |
| Article 30(1)(b) | Article 14(3) |
| Article 30(2) | |
| Article 30(3) | |
| Article 31 | |
| Article 32 | |
| Article 33(1) | Article 14(5), first subparagraph |
| Article 33(2) | |
| Article 33(3) | Article 14(5), second subparagraph |
| Article 33(4) | Article 14(5), third subparagraph |
| Article 33(5) | |
| Article 34(1) | Article 14(4) |
| Article 34(2) | |
| Article 34(3) | |
| Article 35 | |
| Article 36(1) | Article 17(1) |
| Article 36(2) | |
| Article 37 | Article 20 |
| Article 38 | |
| Article 39 | Article 21 |
| Annex |