Criminal Appeal Act 1968

Part III E+W Miscellaneous and General

45 [F1 Construction of references in Parts I and II to Court of Appeal and a single judge.] E+W

[F1 (1) References in Parts I and II [F2 and [F3 sections 44A and 51]] of this Act to the Court of Appeal shall be construed as references to the criminal division of the Court.]

(2) The references in sections [F4 23A,] [F5 31 to 31C][F6 , 44 and 44A] of this Act to a single judge are to any judge of the Court of Appeal or F7 ... the High Court.

Textual Amendments

F1 S. 45(1) and sidenote substituted by Supreme Court Act 1981 (c. 54), Sch. 5 para. 2

F2 Words in s. 45(1) inserted (1.1.1996) by 1995 c. 35, s. 29(1), Sch. 2 para. 4(5)(a); S.I. 1995/3061, art. 3(d)(h) (with art. 4)

F3 Words in s. 45(1) substituted (1.9.2004) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 36 para. 89(a); S.I. 2004/1629, art. 3(1)(2)(g)

F4 Word in s. 45(2) inserted (1.9.2004) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 36 para. 89(b); S.I. 2004/1629, art. 3(1)(2)(g)

F5 Words in s. 45 substituted (1.4.2005) by Courts Act 2003 (c. 39), s. 110(1), Sch. 8 para. 128; S.I. 2005/910, art. 3(y)

F6 Words in s. 45(2) substituted (1.1.1996) by 1995 c. 35, s. 29(1), Sch. 2 para. 4(5)(b); S.I. 1995/3061, art. 3(d)(h) (with art. 4)

F7 Words repealed by Administration of Justice Act 1970 (c. 31), Sch. 11

46 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F8 E+W

Textual Amendments

F8 S. 46 repealed by Supreme Court Act 1981 (c. 54, SIF 37), Sch. 7

47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F9 E+W

Textual Amendments

F9 S. 47 repealed by s. 47(7) of this Act and S.I. 1967/1234, Sch. 5

F10 48 Appeal in capital cases. E+W

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F10 S. 48 repealed (1.4.2005) by Courts Act 2003 (c. 39), s. 110(1), Sch. 8 para. 129, Sch. 10; S.I. 2005/910, art. 3(y)

49 Saving for prerogative of mercy. E+W

Nothing in this Act is to be taken as affecting Her Majesty’s prerogative of mercy.

50 Meaning of “sentence”. E+W

[F11 (1) In this Act “sentence”, in relation to an offence, includes any order made by a court when dealing with an offender including, in particular—

(a) a hospital order under Part III of the M1 Mental Health Act 1983, with or without a restriction order;

(b) an interim hospital order under that Part;

[F12 (bb) a hospital direction and a limitation direction under that Part;]

(c) a recommendation for deportation;

[F13 (ca) a confiscation order under Part 2 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 [F14 (but not a determination under section 10A of that Act)];

(cb) an order which varies a confiscation order made under Part 2 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 if the varying order is made under section 21, 22 or 29 of that Act (but not otherwise);]

(d) a confiscation order under the [F15 Drug Trafficking Act 1994] other than one made by the High Court;

(e) a confiscation order under Part VI of the M2 Criminal Justice Act 1988;

(f) an order varying a confiscation order of a kind which is included by virtue of paragraph (d) or (e) above;

(g) an order made by the Crown Court varying a confiscation order which was made by the High Court by virtue of [F16 section 19 of the Act of 1994]; and

(h) a [F17 declaration of relevance, within the meaning of section 23 of] the M3 Football Spectators Act 1989[F18 ; and

(i) an order under section 129(2) of the Licensing Act 2003 (forfeiture or suspension of personal licence).]]

[F19 (1A) [F20 Section 82 of the Sentencing Code] (under which a conviction of an offence for which F21 ... an order for a conditional or absolute discharge is made is deemed not to be a conviction except for certain purposes) shall not prevent an appeal under this Act, whether against conviction or otherwise.]

(2) Any power of the criminal division of the Court of Appeal to pass a sentence includes a power to make a recommendation for deportation in cases where the court from which the appeal lies had power to make such a recommendation.

[F22 (3) An order [F23 relating to a requirement to make a payment under regulations under section 23 or 24 of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012] is not a sentence for the purposes of this Act.]

Textual Amendments

F11 S. 50(1) substituted (14.8.1995) by 1993 c. 36, s. 78(3), Sch. 5 Pt. I para. 1; S.I. 1995/1958, art. 2

F12 S. 50(1)(bb) inserted (1.10.1997) by 1997 c. 43, s. 55(1), Sch. 4 para. 6(1)(a); S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(l)(2)(c)

F13 S. 50(1)(ca)(cb) inserted (24.3.2003) by Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (c. 29), s. 458(1), Sch. 11 para. 4(3); S.I. 2003/333, art. 2, Sch.

F14 Words in s. 50(1)(ca) inserted (1.6.2015) by Serious Crime Act 2015 (c. 9), s. 88(1), Sch. 4 para. 3; S.I. 2015/820, reg. 3(q)(i)

F15 Words in s. 50(1)(d) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 37, ss. 65(1), 69(2), Sch. 1 para. 2

F16 Words in s. 50(1)(g) substituted (3.2.1995) by 1994 c. 37, ss. 65(1), 69(2), Sch. 1 para. 2(b)

F17 Words in s. 50(1)(h) substituted (6.4.2007) by Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 (c. 38), s. 66(2), Sch. 3 para. 14(2)(a) (with Sch. 3 para. 14(3)); S.I. 2007/858, art. 2(k)

F18 S. 50(1)(i) and preceding word inserted (24.11.2005) by Licensing Act 2003 (c. 17), s. 201(2), Sch. 6 para. 42 (with ss. 2(3), 15(2), 195); S.I. 2005/3056, art. 2(2)

F19 S. 50(1A) inserted by Criminal Justice Act 1982 (c. 48, SIF 39:1), s. 66(1)

F20 Words in s. 50(1A) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 12 (with Sch. 24 para. 447, Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F21 Words in s. 50(1A) repealed (1.10.1992) by Criminal Justice Act 1991 (c. 53, SIF 39:1), ss. 100, 101(2), Sch. 11 para. 4, Sch. 13; S.I. 1992/333, art. 2(2), Sch. 2

F22 S. 50(3) inserted (2.4.2001) by 1999 c. 22, s. 24, Sch. 4 para. 3 (with s. 107, Sch. 14 para. 7(2)); S.I. 2001/916, art. 3(a)(ii)

F23 Words in s. 50(3) substituted (1.4.2013) by Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c. 10), s. 151(1), Sch. 5 para. 3; S.I. 2013/453, art. 3(h) (with savings and transitional provisions in S.I. 2013/534, art. 6)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 S. 50(1) modified (1.10.1997 for specified purposes otherwise 1.12.1999) by 1997 c. 43, ss. 55(2), 57(2), Sch. 4 para. 6(1); S.I. 1997/2200, art. 2(1)(m) and S.I. 1999/3096, art. 2(d)

Marginal Citations

M1 1983 c. 20.

M2 1988 c. 33.

M3 1989 c. 37.

51 Interpretation. E+W

(1) In this Act, except where the context otherwise requires—

• “appeal”, where used in Part I or II of this Act, means appeal under that Part, and “appellant” has a corresponding meaning and in Part I includes a person who has given notice of application for leave to appeal;

• “the court of trial”, in relation to an appeal, means the court from which the appeal lies;

• F24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

• [F25 “duly approved”, in relation to a registered medical practitioner, means approved for the purposes of section 12 of the Mental Health Act 1983 by the Secretary of State[F26 , or by another person by virtue of section 12ZA or 12ZB of that Act,] as having special experience in the diagnosis or treatment of mental disorder;]

• [F27 “the judge of the court of trial” means, where the Crown Court comprises justices of the peace, the judge presiding;]

• [F28 “registered medical practitioner” means a fully registered person within the meaning of the Medical Act 1983 [F29 who holds a licence to practise];]

• “under disability” has the meaning assigned to it by section 4 of the M4 Criminal Procedure (Insanity) Act 1964 (unfitness to plead); and

• F30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F31 (1A) In Part 2 of this Act “the defendant”—

(a) in relation to an appeal under section 33(1) of this Act against a decision of the Court of Appeal on an appeal under Part 1 of this Act, means the person who was the appellant before the Court of Appeal,

(b) in relation to an appeal under section 33(1) of this Act against any other decision, means a defendant in the proceedings before the Crown Court who was a party to the proceedings before the Court of Appeal, and

(c) in relation to an appeal under section 33(1B) of this Act, shall be construed in accordance with section 33(4) of this Act;

andF32 ... “prosecutor” shall be construed accordingly.]

(2) Any expression used in this Act which is defined in [F33 section 145(1) [F34 and (1AA)] of the Mental Health Act 1983] has the same meaning in this Act as in that Act.

[F35 (2A) Subsections (2) and (3) of section 54 of the Mental Health Act 1983 shall have effect with respect to proof of the appellant’s mental condition for the purposes of section [F36 6 or 14] of this Act as they have effect with respect to proof of an offender’s mental condition for the purposes of section 37(2)(a) of that Act.]

F37 (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F24 Words in s. 51(1) repealed (4.4.2005) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 36 para. 90(2), Sch. 37 Pt. 12; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 43(c) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l))

F25 Definition in s. 51(1) inserted (1.1.1992) by Criminal Procedure (Insanity and Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991 (c. 25, SIF 39:1), ss. 7, 8, Sch. 3 para. 5(1)(a); S.I. 1991/2488, art. 2

F26 Words in s. 51(1) inserted (1.4.2013) by Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), ss. 38(5)(b), 306(4); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

F27 Definition substituted by Courts Act 1971 (c. 23), Sch. 8 para. 57(3)

F28 Definition in s. 51(1) inserted (1.1.1992) by Criminal Procedure (Insanity and Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991 (c. 25, SIF 39:1), ss. 7, 8, Sch. 3 para. 5(1)(b); S.I. 1991/2488, art. 2

F29 Words in s. 51(1) inserted (16.11.2009 as notified in the Gazettes) by The Medical Act 1983 (Amendment) Order 2002 (S.I. 2002/3135), art. 1(2)(3), Sch. 1 para. 6 (with Sch. 2)

F30 Definition of "recommendation for deportation" repealed by Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77), Sch. 6

F31 S. 51(1A) inserted (4.4.2005) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 36 para. 90(3); S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 43(c) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l))

F32 Words in s. 51(1A) repealed (1.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 8 para. 145, Sch. 14; S.I. 2008/755, art. 2(1)(a)(d) (with arts. 3-14)

F33 Words substituted by Mental Health Act 1983 (c. 20, SIF 85), Sch. 4 para. 23(j)

F34 Words in s. 51(2) inserted (1.4.2000) S.I. 2000/90, art. 3(2), Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 1 (with art. 2(5))

F35 S. 51(2A) inserted (1.1.1992) by Criminal Procedure (Insanity and Unfitness to Plead) Act 1991 (c. 25, SIF 39:1), ss. 7, 8, Sch. 3 para. 5(2); S.I. 1991/2488, art. 2

F36 Words in s. 51(2A) substituted (31.3.2005) by Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004 (c. 28), s. 60, Sch. 10 para. 6 (with Sch. 12 para. 8); S.I. 2005/579, art. 3(g)

F37 S. 51(3) repealed by Supreme Court Act 1981 (c. 54, SIF 37), Sch. 7

Marginal Citations

M4 1964 c. 84.

52 Consequential amendment of enactments. E+W

(1) The enactments specified in Part I of Schedule 5 to this Act shall be amended as shown in that Schedule.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F38

Textual Amendments

F38 S. 52(2) repealed by Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1973 (c. 39), Sch. 1 Pt. V

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C2 The text of s. 52, Sch. 5, is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and, except as specified, does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.

53 Transitional provisions. E+W

The transitional provisions contained in Schedule 6 to this Act shall have effect.

54 Repeals. E+W

The enactments specified in the second column of Schedule 7 to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule.

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C3 The text of s. 54, Sch. 7 is in the form in which it was originally enacted: it was not reproduced in Statutes in Force and does not reflect any amendments or repeals which may have been made prior to 1.2.1991.

55 Short title, commencement and extent. E+W

(1) This Act may be cited as the Criminal Appeal Act 1968.

(2) This Act shall come into force on the day appointed under section 106(5) of the M5 Criminal Justice Act 1967 for the coming into force of section 98 of that Act.

(3) So much of Schedule 5 to this Act as amends the M6 Geneva Conventions Act 1957 shall extend to Scotland and Northern Ireland and the repeal by this Act of section 2(2) of the M7 Administration of Justice Act 1960 shall extend to Northern Ireland; but except as aforesaid this Act shll not extend to Scotland or Northern Ireland.

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C4 1.9.1968 appointed by S.I. 1968/325, art. 1

Marginal Citations

M5 1967 c. 80.

M6 1957 c. 52.

M7 1960 c. 65.