Finance Act 1980

Chapter I General

18 Charge of income tax for 1980-81 and abolition of lower rate

(1) Income tax for the year 1980-81 shall be charged at the basic rate of 30 per cent.; and—

(a) in respect of so much of an individual's total income as exceeds £11,250 at such higher rates as are specified in the Table below ; and

(b) in respect of so much of the investment income included in an individual's total income as exceeds £5,500 at the additional rate of 15 per cent.

TABLE

Part of excess over £11,250	Higher rate
The first £2,000	40 per cent.
The next £3,500	45 per cent.
The next £5,500	50 per cent.
The next £5,500	55 per cent.
The remainder	60 per cent.

(2) Section 32(1)(aa) of the [1971 c. 68.] Finance Act 1971 (lower rate) shall cease to have effect.

19 Charge of corporation tax for financial year 1979

Corporation tax shall be charged for the financial year 1979. at the rate of 52 per cent.

20 Rate of advance corporation tax for financial year 1980

The rate of advance corporation tax for the financial year 1980. shall be three-sevenths.

21 Corporation tax: small companies

(1) The small companies rate for the financial year 1979 shall be 40 per cent., and for that year the fraction mentioned in subsection (2) of section 95 of the [1972 c. 41.] Finance Act 1972 (marginal relief for small companies) shall be seven-fiftieths.

(2) For the financial year 1979 and subsequent financial years subsection (3) of the said section 95 shall have effect with the substitution for any reference to £60,000 of a reference to £70,000 and with the substitution for any reference to £100,000 of a reference to £130,000.

(3) Where by virtue of subsection (2) above the said section 95 has effect with different relevant amounts in relation to different parts of the same accounting period, those parts shall be treated for the purposes of that section as if they were separate accounting periods and the profits and income of the company for that period (as defined in that section) shall be apportioned between those parts.

22 Alteration of personal reliefs

(1) In section 8 of the Taxes Act (personal reliefs)—

(a) in subsection (1)(a) (married) for “£1,815” there shall be substituted “£2,145 ”;

(b) in subsection (1)(b) (single) and (2) (wife's earned income relief) for “£1,165 ” there shall be substituted “£1,375 ”;

(c) in subsection (1A) (age allowance) for “£2,455 ” and “£1,540 ” there shall be substituted “£2,895 ” and “£1,820 ” respectively ;

(d) in subsection (1B) (income limit for age allowance) for “£5,000 ” there shall be substituted “£5,900 ”.

(2) In section 14(2) of that Act (additional relief for widows and others in respect of children) for “£650 ” there shall be substituted “£770 ”.

23 Widow's bereavement allowance

(1) In Chapter II of Part I of the Taxes Act (personal reliefs) there shall be inserted after section 15—

“15A Widow's bereavement allowance.

Where a man dies in a year of assessment for which he is entitled to the higher (married persons) relief under section 8(1) above, or would be so entitled but for an election under section 15 above or section 23 of the Finance Act 1971 (separate taxation of wife's earnings), his widow shall be entitled for that year to a deduction from her total income of an amount equal to that specified in section 14(2) above.”

(2) This section has effect for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment.

24 Indexation of income tax thresholds and allowances

(1) Subsection (2) below shall have effect for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment but subject, in the case of any year of assessment after that year, to subsections (3) and (4) below; and subsections (5), (6) and (7) below shall have effect for the year 1981-82 and subsequent years of assessment.

(2) In subsection (1) of section 32 of the [1971 c. 68.] Finance Act 1971 (income tax charged at basic and other rates)—

(a) for paragraph (b) (higher rate or rates) there shall be substituted—

“(b) in respect of so much of an individual's total income as exceeds £11,250, at such rates respectively as Parliament may determine in relation to the first £2,000, the next £3,500, the next £5,500, the next £5,500 and the remainder ; “(b) in the words following paragraph (b) (investment income surcharge) for the words ” such amount as Parliament may determine “there shall be substituted ” £5,500 ".”

(3) The amounts up to which income is by virtue of subsection (1) of the said section 32 chargeable for any year at the basic rate, or over which investment income is chargeable at an additional rate, shall be known respectively as the basic rate limit and the investment income threshold; and the parts of income in excess of the basic rate limit which are specified in paragraph (b) of that subsection shall be known respectively as the first, second, third, fourth and fifth higher rate bands.

(4) If the retail prices index for the month of December preceding a year of assessment is higher than it was for the previous December, then, unless Parliament otherwise determines, subsection (1) of the said section 32 shall apply for that year as if for each of the amounts specified in that subsection as it applied for the previous year (whether by virtue of this subsection or otherwise) there were substituted an amount arrived at by increasing the amount for the previous year by the same percentage as the percentage increase in the retail prices index and, if the result is not a multiple of £100, rounding it up to the nearest amount which is such a multiple.

(5) If the retail prices index for the month of December preceding a year of assessment is higher than it was for the previous December, then, unless Parliament otherwise determines, section 8 of the Taxes Act (personal relief) shall apply for that year as if for each amount specified in that section as it applied for the previous year (whether by virtue of this subsection or otherwise) there were substituted an amount arrived at by increasing the amount for the previous year by the same percentage as the percentage increase in the retail prices index and if—

(a) in the case of the amount specified in subsection (1B) of that section (income limit for age relief), the result is not a multiple of £100, rounding it up to the nearest amount which is such a multiple ;

(b) in the case of any other amount, the increase is not a multiple of £10, rounding the increase up to the nearest amount which is such a multiple.

(6) In section 14(2) of the Taxes Act (additional relief for widows and others in respect of children) for the words from “a deduction ” onwards there shall be substituted the words “a deduction from his total income of an amount equal to the difference between the higher (married persons) relief and the lower (single persons) relief under subsection (1) of section 8 above as it applies to persons not falling within subsection (1A) of that section ”;

and in sections 14A(1)(a) and (2) and 15A of that Act for the word “specified ” there shall be substituted the words “referred to ”.

(7) Subsections (4) and (5) above shall not require any change to be made in the amounts deductible or repayable under section 204 of the Taxes Act (pay as you earn) between the beginning of a year of assessment and 5th May in that year.

(8) References in this section and in any other provision of the Income Tax Acts to the retail prices index are references to the general index of retail prices (for all items) published by the Department of Employment; and if that index is not published for a month for which it is relevant for the purposes of any provision of those Acts, that provision shall be construed as referring to any substituted index or index figures published by that Department.

(9) The Treasury shall before the year 1981-82 and each subsequent year of assessment make an order specifying the amounts which by virtue of this section will be treated as specified for that year in section 32 of the [1971 c. 68.] Finance Act 1971 and section 8 of the Taxes Act; and any such order shall be made by statutory instrument.

25 Child tax allowances for children living abroad

(1) In the case of a child to whom section 25 of the [1977 c. 36.] Finance Act 1977 applies (children living abroad) the appropriate amount to be deducted from the claimant's total income under subsection (1) of section 10 of the Taxes Act for the year 1981-82 shall, instead of being determined as provided in subsection (1) of the said section 25, be determined in accordance with subsection (2) below.

(2) The appropriate amount for the child shall vary according to the age of the child at the commencement of the year of assessment, and, subject to subsection (5) of the said section 10—

(a) for a child shown by the claimant to have been then over the age of sixteen, shall be £165 ;

(b) for a child not so shown, but shown by the claimant to have been then over the age of eleven, shall be £135;

(c) in any other case, shall be £100.

(3) No relief shall be given under the said section 10 for any year of assessment after the year 1981-82 in the case of a child to whom the said section 25 applies.

26 Gallantry awards

(1) In section 368 of the Taxes Act (tax exemption for annuities and additional pensions paid by virtue of holding certain awards for gallantry) after paragraph (c) there shall be inserted—

“(d) additional pensions paid to holders of the Military Cross;

(e) additional pensions paid to holders of the Distinguished Flying Cross;

(f) additional pensions paid to holders of the Distinguished Conduct Medal;

(g) additional pensions paid to holders of the Conspicuous Gallantry Medal;

(h) additional pensions paid to holders of the Distinguished Service Medal;

(i) additional pensions paid to holders of the Military Medal;

(j) additional pensions paid to holders of the Distinguished Flying Medal,”.

(2) In paragraph (b) of that section (annuities paid to holders of the George Cross) after the word “annuities ” there shall be inserted the words “and additional pensions ”.

27 Relief for interest: limit for 1980-81

In paragraph 5(1) of Schedule 1 to the [1974 c. 30.] Finance Act 1974 (limit on relief for interest on certain loans for the purchase or improvement of land) the references to £25,000 shall have effect for the year 1980-81 as well as for previous years of assessment.

28 Relief for interest: money borrowed for investment in close company

(1) In paragraph 10 of Schedule 1 to the Finance Act 1974 (conditions for interest relief: money borrowed for investment in close companies)—

(a) paragraph (b) (which requires the borrower to have worked in the company) shall be omitted ;

(b) in paragraph (c) for the words “that period ” there shall be substituted the words “the period from the application of the proceeds of the loan to the payment of the interest ”; and

(c) at the end there shall be inserted the words “and

(d) that, if the company exists wholly or mainly for the purpose of holding investments or other property, no property held by the company is used as a residence by the individual;

but the condition in paragraph (d) above shall not apply in a case where the individual has worked for the greater part of his time in the actual management or conduct of the business of the company, or of an associated company of the company.”

(2) This section has effect in relation to interest paid after 26th March 1980.

29 Life assurance relief

(1) In the provisions specified in subsection (2) below {rate of life assurance relief) for the words " 17 per cent.“, wherever they occur, there shall be substituted the words ” 15 per cent. ".

(2) The provisions referred to above are—

(a) section 21(4)(a) of the Taxes Act;

(b) paragraph 5(a) of Schedule 4 to the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976; and

(c) paragraph 13(3)(a) of that Schedule.

(3) This section has effect from 6th April 1981.

30 Disqualification of certain life insurance policies

(1) A policy shall not be a qualifying policy within the meaning of Part I of Schedule 1 to the Taxes Act if the policy is connected with another policy the terms of which provide benefits which are greater than would reasonably be expected if any policy connected with it were disregarded.

(2) For the purposes of this section a policy is connected with another policy if they are at any time simultaneously in force and either of them is issued with reference to the other, or with a view to enabling the other to be issued on particular terms or facilitating its being issued on those terms.

(3) In this section “policy ” means a policy effected in the course of ordinary long-term insurance business within the meaning of section 83(2) of the [1974 c. 49.] Insurance Companies Act 1974 and includes any such policy issued outside the United Kingdom.

(4) Where any person issues a policy—

(a) which by virtue of this section is not a qualifying policy, or

(b) the issue of which causes another policy to cease by virtue of this section to be a qualifying policy,

he shall within three months of issuing the policy give written notice of that fact to the Board.

(5) The Board may, by notice in writing, require any person who is, or appears to them to be, concerned in the issue of any such policy as is mentioned in subsection (4) above, to furnish them within such time (not being less than thirty days) as may be specified in the notice with such particulars as they think necessary for the purposes of this section and as the person to whom the notice is addressed has or can reasonably obtain; but no solicitor shall be deemed for the purposes of this subsection to have been concerned in the issue of a policy by reason only that he has given professional advice to a client in connection with that policy.

(6) Subject to subsection (7) below, this section shall not apply to policies issued in respect of insurances made before 26th March 1980.

(7) Where—

(a) a policy is issued in respect of an insurance made before 26th March 1980, and

(b) a policy is issued in respect of an insurance made on or after that date which is connected with it within the meaning of this section,

this section shall apply to the policy issued in respect of an insurance made before that date, but shall not apply in respect of any premium paid in respect of it before that date.

31 Retirement annuities: increase of limits on relief

(1) In subsection (1A) of section 227 of the Taxes Act (annual limit on relief) for paragraphs (a) and (b) there shall be substituted the words " shall not be more than 17 1/2 per cent, of the individual's net relevant earnings for that year ".

(2) In subsection (1B) of that section (annual limit on relief in respect of dependants) for paragraphs (a) and (b) there shall be substituted the words " shall not be more than 5 per cent, of the individual's net relevant earnings for that year ".

(3) For section 228(4) of the Taxes Act (additional relief for persons born in or before 1915) there shall be substituted—

“(4) Subject to subsection (5) below, in the case of an individual born in a year specified in the first column of the Table set out below, section 227(1A) above shall have effect with the substitution for the reference to 17 ½ per cent, of a reference to the percentage specified in his case in the second column of the Table.

TABLE

Year of birth	Percentage
1914 or 1915	20 ½
1912 or 1913	23 ½
1910 or 1911	26 ½
1908 or 1909	29 ½
1907 or any earlier year	32 ½”.

(4) This section has effect for the year 1980-1981 and subsequent years of assessment.

32 Retirement annuities: carry-forward of unused relief

(1) After section 227 of the Taxes Act (relief for retirement annuity premiums) there shall be inserted—

“227A Carry-forward of unused relief under s. 227.

(1) Where the condition in section 226(1)(a) above is satisfied as respects the whole or part of a year of assessment but there is unused relief for that year, that is to say, an amount which could have been deducted from or set off against the individual's relevant earnings for that year under subsection (1) of section 227 above if—

(a) he had paid a qualifying premium in that year; or

(b) the qualifying premium or premiums paid by him in that year had been greater,

relief may be given under section 227 above, up to the amount of the unused relief, in respect of so much of any qualifying premium or premiums paid by the individual in any of the next six years of assessment as exceeds the maximum applying for that year under section 227(1A) above.

(2) Relief by virtue of this section shall be given for an earlier year rather than a later year, the unused relief taken into account in giving relief for any year being deducted from that available for giving relief in subsequent years and unused relief derived from an earlier year being exhausted before unused relief derived from a later year.

(3) Where a relevant assessment to tax in respect of a year of assessment becomes final and conclusive more than six years after the end of that year and there is an amount of unused relief for that year which results from the making of the assessment—

(a) that amount shall not be available for giving relief by virtue of this section for any of the six years following that year; but

(b) the individual may, within the period of six months beginning with the date on which the assessment becomes final and conclusive, elect that relief shall be given under section 227 above, up to that amount, in respect of so much of any qualifying premium or premiums paid by him within that period as exceeds the maximum applying under section 227(1A) above for the year of assessment in which they are paid;

and to the extent to which relief in respect of any premium or premiums is given by virtue of this subsection it shall not be given by virtue of subsection (1) above.

(4) In this section “a relevant assessment to tax ” means an assessment on the individual's relevant earnings or on the profits or gains of a partnership from which the individual derives relevant earnings.”

(2) Relief may be given by virtue of subsection (1) above for the year 1980-1981 and any subsequent year of assessment.

(3) No amount shall by virtue of subsection (2) or (2A) of section 227 of the Taxes Act (carry-forward of unrelieved premiums) be carried forward from any year of assessment after the year 1979-80 or to any year of assessment after the year 1981-82 but relief for any amount carried forward from the year 1979-80 may be given under that section in the year 1980-81 or the year 1981-82 or partly in one and partly in the other (as the individual may elect) without regard to the maximum applying for that year under subsection (1A) or (1B) of that section.

(4) Subsection (3) of the said section 227 (relief for qualifying premium paid after assessment becomes final and conclusive) shall not apply to any premium paid on or after 6th April 1981.

33 Retirement annuities: other amendments

(1) In section 226(2)(c) and section 226A (3)(c) and (6) of the Taxes Act (under which a contract or scheme cannot be approved if it provides for a lump sum to be paid on death to anyone other than the individual's personal representatives) the words " to the individual's personal representatives “shall be omitted and in section 226A(1)(b) of that Act (which contains a similar provision) the words ” being a lump sum payable to his personal representatives " shall be omitted.

(2) In section 227 of that Act, after subsection (1B) there shall be inserted—

“(1BB) An individual who pays a qualifying premium in a year of assessment (whether or not a year for which he has relevant earnings) may before the end of that year elect that the premium shall be treated as paid—

(a) in the last preceding year of assessment; or

(b) if he had no net relevant earnings in the year referred to in paragraph (a) above, in the last preceding year of assessment but one ;

and where an election is made under this subsection in respect of a premium the other provisions of this Chapter shall have effect as if the premium had been paid in the year specified in the election and not in the year in which it was actually paid.”

but no premium shall by virtue of this subsection be treated for the purposes of section 32(3) above as having been paid in any year of assessment before that in which it was actually paid.

(3) In subsection (5) of the said section 227 (deductions to be made in calculating individual's net relevant earnings for the purposes of relief under that section) for paragraph (a) there shall be substituted—

“(a) deductions which but for section 130(1), (n) or (o) above could be made in computing his profits or gains, or

(aa) deductions in respect of relief under Schedule 5 to the Finance Act 1976 (stock relief), or”;

(4) In subsection (9) of the said section 227 after the words “in respect of payments made by the partnership ” there shall be inserted the words “or of relief given to the partnership under Schedule 5 of the Finance Act 1976 ”.

(5) This section has effect for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment.

34 Annuities for former partners

(1) Section 16 of the [1974 c. 30.] Finance Act 1974 shall have effect with the amendments specified in subsections (2) and (3) below.

(2) In subsection (1) for the words “and shall not reduce the income which is chargeable as investment income of any other person ” there shall be substituted the words “and, to the extent to which they do not exceed that limit, shall not reduce the income which is chargeable as investment income of any other person ”.

(3) After subsection (2) there shall be inserted—

“(3) If the retail prices index for the month of December preceding a year of assessment after that in which the former partner ceased to be a member of the partnership is higher than it was for the month of December in the year of assessment in which he ceased to be such a member, the amount which under subsection (2) above is the limit for the first-mentioned year of assessment shall be treated as increased by the same percentage as the percentage increase in the retail prices index.

(4) Where the former partner ceased to be a member of the partnership before the year 1974-75 subsection (3) above shall have effect as if he had ceased to be a member in that year.”

(4) In section 457 of the Taxes Act (income under settlement treated as the settlor's income except as respects certain payments made for full consideration etc.) after subsection (4) there shall be inserted—

“(4A) Where for any year of assessment there is made to or for the benefit of a former member, or the widow or a dependant of a deceased former member, of a partnership an annual payment which—

(a) is excluded from the operation of subsection (1) above by virtue of paragraph (a) of that subsection or by virtue of subsection (2) above; and

(b) falls short of the limit applying for that year under section 16 of the Finance Act 1974 (amount of partnership retirement annuity treated as earned income),

any additional annual payment made to or for the benefit of that person shall, notwithstanding that it is not made under a liability incurred for full consideration, be excluded from the operation of subsection (1) above to the extent to which it makes good that shortfall.”.

(5) This section has effect in relation to annual payments which are income of the year 1980-81 or a subsequent year of assessment.

35 Pilots' benefit fund

(1) The Board may, if they think fit, and subject to such conditions as they think proper to attach to the approval, approve a pilots' benefit fund for the purposes of Chapter II of Part II of the [1970 c. 24.] Finance Act 1970 as if it were a retirement benefits scheme within the meaning of that Chapter and notwithstanding that it does not satisfy one or more of the conditions set out in section 19(2) and (2A) of that Act.

(2) If a fund is approved by virtue of this section—

(a) section 21 of the said Act of 1970, Schedule 5 to that Act and paragraph 9 of Schedule 3 to the [1971 c. 68.] Finance Act 1971 shall have effect in relation to the fund with the modifications specified in subsection (3) below;

(b) pensions paid out of the fund and any sums chargeable to tax in connection with the fund under the said paragraph 9 shall be treated for the purposes of the Income Tax Acts as earned income ; and

(c) Chapter III of Part IX of the Taxes Act (retirement annuities) shall have effect as if a member of the fund were the holder of a pensionable office or employment and his earnings as a pilot (estimated in accordance with the provisions applicable to Case II of Schedule D) were remuneration from such an office or employment.

(3) The modifications referred to in subsection (2)(a) above are as follows—

(a) in section 21, subsection (3) shall be omitted and in subsection (4) for the references to an employee and Schedule E there shall be substituted respectively references to a member of the fund and Schedule D and the words from “incurred ” onwards shall be omitted;

(b) in Schedule 5—

(i) for references to an employee there shall be substituted references to a member or former member of the fund ;

(ii) in paragraph 3(1)(i) for the reference to a year of service there shall be substituted a reference to a year as a pilot licensed by a pilotage authority;

(iii) paragraphs 4 and 9(1) and (3) and so much of any other provision as applies to an employer shall be omitted ; and

(c) in paragraph 9 of Schedule 3 for references to an employee and Schedule E there shall be substituted respectively references to a member or former member of the fund and Case VI of Schedule D.

(4) In this section " pilots' benefit fund" means a fund established under section 17(1)(j) of the [1913 c. 31.] Pilotage Act 1913 or any scheme supplementing or replacing any such fund.

36 Superannuation funds approved under repealed provisions

(1) This section applies to any fund which immediately before 6th April 1980 was an approved superannuation fund for the purposes of section 208 of the Taxes Act if—

(a) it has not been approved and is not being considered for approval under Chapter II of Part II of the [1970 c. 24.] Finance Act 1970; and

(b) no sum has been paid to it by way of contribution since 5th April 1980.

(2) Subject to subsection (4) below, exemption from income tax shall, on a claim being made in that behalf, be allowed to a fund to which this section applies in respect of—

(a) income derived from investments or deposits of the fund;

(b) any underwriting commissions which apart from this subsection would be chargeable to tax under Case VI of Schedule D ; and

(c) any profits or gains which apart from this subsection would be chargeable to tax under Case VI of Schedule D by virtue of section 26 of the [1973 c. 51.] Finance Act 1973 (transactions in certificates of deposit),

if, or to such extent as the Board are satisfied that, the income, commissions, profits, or gains are applied for the purposes of the fund.

(3) Subject to subsection (4) below, where a claim is made in that behalf a gain which accrues to a person on the disposal of investments shall not be a chargeable gain for the purposes of capital gains tax if, or to such extent as the Board are satisfied that, those investments were held by him or on his behalf for the purposes of a fund to which this section applies.

(4) No claim under subsection (2) or (3) above shall be allowed unless the Board are satisfied that the terms on which benefits are payable from the fund have not been altered since 5th April 1980.

(5) Where immediately before 6th April 1980 premiums paid under a contract with the trustees or other persons having the management of a fund to which this section applies fell within section 323(4) of the Taxes Act (premiums referable to the pension business of an insurance company) and the terms on which benefits are payable from the fund have not been altered since that time, those premiums shall be treated as continuing to fall within that section.

(6) An annuity paid out of a fund to which this section applies shall be charged to tax under Schedule E and section 204 of the Taxes Act (pay as you earn) shall apply accordingly.

(7) This section shall be deemed to have come into force on 6th April 1980.

37 Relief for losses on unquoted shares in trading companies

(1) Where an individual who has subscribed for shares in a qualifying trading company incurs an allowable loss (for capital gains tax purposes) on the disposal of the shares in any year of assessment he may, by notice in writing given within two years after that year, make a claim for relief from income tax on an amount of his income equal to the amount of the loss ; and where such relief is given in respect of the amount of a loss no deduction shall be made in respect of that amount under the [1979 c. 14.] Capital Gains Tax Act 1979.

(2) The following provisions shall have effect as respects relief under this section—

(a) relief may, by notice in writing given within two years after a year of assessment, be claimed for that year in respect of a loss incurred in the preceding year of assessment so far as relief under this section in respect of that loss has not already been given in that year, and relief claimed by virtue of this paragraph shall be given in priority to any relief in respect of a loss incurred in the year for which the relief is claimed;

(b) a claim for relief may require it to be given only by reference to the income of the individual without extending to the income of his spouse;

(c) subject to paragraph (b) above, relief shall be given by treating the loss as reducing first the earned income of the individual, then his other income, then the earned income of his spouse and then his spouse's other income;

(d) the relief shall be given in priority to relief under section 168 of the Taxes Act or section 30 of the [1978 c. 42.] Finance Act 1978.

(3) For the purposes of this section an individual subscribes for shares if they are issued to him by the company in consideration of money or money's worth; and where by virtue of subsection (3) of section 19 of the said Act of 1979 that consideration is deemed to be equal to the market value of the shares the amount of any loss on their disposal shall be treated as not exceeding what it would have been if that subsection had not applied to that consideration.

(4) For the purposes of this section an individual shall be treated as having subscribed for shares if his spouse did so and transferred them to him by a transaction inter vivos.

(5) For the purposes of this section a qualifying trading company is a company none of whose shares have at any time in the relevant period been quoted on a recognised stock exchange and which—

(a) either—

(i) is a trading company on the date of the disposal; or

(ii) has ceased to be a trading company at a time which is not more than three years before that date and has not since that time been an excluded company or an investment company; and

(b) either—

(i) has been a trading company for a continuous period of six years ending on that date or at that time; or

(ii) has been a trading company for a shorter continuous period ending on that date or at that time and has not before the beginning of that period been an excluded company or an investment company; and

(c) has been resident in the United Kingdom throughout the period from its incorporation until that date.

(6) This section does not apply unless the disposal is—

(a) by way of a bargain made at arms' length for full consideration; or

(b) by way of a distribution in the course of dissolving or winding up the company ; or

(c) a deemed disposal under section 22(2) of the said Act of 1979 (claim that value of asset has become negligible).

(7) Where an individual disposes of shares (“the new shares ”) which by virtue of section 78 of the said Act of 1979 (reorganisation etc. treated as not involving disposal) are identified with other shares (“the old shares ”) previously held by him, relief shall not be given under this section on the disposal of the new shares unless—

(a) relief under this section could (or if this section had been in force could) have been given on a disposal of the old shares if he had incurred an allowable loss in disposing of them as mentioned in subsection (6)(a) above on the occasion of the disposal that would have occurred but for the said section 78 ; or

(b) he gave new consideration for the new shares ;

but in a case within paragraph (b) above the amount of relief under this section on the disposal of the new shares shall not exceed the amount or value of the new consideration taken into account as a deduction in computing the loss incurred on their disposal.

(8) Where the shares are the subject of an exchange or arrangement of the kind mentioned in section 85 or 86 of the said Act of 1979 (company reconstructions etc.) which by reason of section 87 of that Act involves a disposal of the shares, this section shall not apply to any allowable loss incurred on the disposal.

(9) Where an individual holds shares in a company which constitute a holding and comprise—

(a) shares for which he has subscribed (“qualifying shares ”); and

(b) shares which he has acquired otherwise than by subscription,

any question whether a disposal by him of shares forming part of the holding is of qualifying shares shall be determined by treating that and any previous disposal by him out of the holding as relating to shares acquired later rather than earlier; and if a disposal by him is of qualifying shares forming part of a holding and he makes a claim under this section in respect of a loss incurred on their disposal, the amount of relief under this section on the disposal shall not exceed the sums that would be allowed as deductions in computing the loss if the shares had not been part of the holding.

(10) Where a claim is made under this section in respect of a loss accruing on the disposal of shares section 26 of the said Act of 1979 (value-shifting) shall have effect in relation to the disposal as if for the references in subsections (1)(b) and (4) to a tax-free benefit there were substituted references to any benefit whether tax-free or not.

(11) There shall be made all such adjustments of capital gains tax, whether by way of assessment or by way of discharge or repayment of tax, as may be required in consequence of relief being given under this section in respect of an allowable loss or in consequence of the whole or part of such a loss in respect of which a claim is made not being relieved under this section.

(12) In this section—

• “excluded company ” means a company—

  (a)

  which has a trade which consists wholly or mainly of dealing in shares, securities, land, trades or commodity futures or is not carried on on a commercial basis and in such a way that profits in the trade can reasonably be expected to be realised ; or

  (b)

  which is the holding company of a group other than a trading group ;

• “group ” means a company which has one or more 75 per cent, subsidiaries together with that or those subsidiaries;

• “holding ” means a holding within the meaning of section 65 of the said Act of 1979 ;

• “holding company ” means a company whose business consists wholly or mainly in the holding of shares or securities of one or more companies which are its 75 per cent, subsidiaries ;

• “investment company ” has the meaning given by section 304(5) of the Taxes Act;

• “new consideration ” means consideration in money or money's worth other than consideration of the kind excluded by the proviso to section 79(1) of the said Act of 1979;

• “recognised stock exchange ” has the meaning given by section 535 of the Taxes Act;

• “relevant period ” means the period ending with the date on which the shares in question are disposed of and beginning with the incorporation of the company, or, if later, one year before the date on which the shares were subscribed for;

• “shares ” includes stock but, except in the definition of “excluded company”, does not include shares or stock not forming part of a company's ordinary share capital as defined in section 526(5) of the Taxes Act;

• “spouse ” refers to one of two spouses who are living together (construed in accordance with section 155(2) of the said Act of 1979);

• “trading company” means a company, other than an an excluded company, which is—

  (a)

  a trading company within the meaning of paragraph 11 of Schedule 16 to the [1972 c. 41.] Finance Act 1972; or

  (b)

  the holding company of a trading group;

• “trading group” means a group the business of whose members, taken together, consists wholly or mainly in the carrying on of a trade or trades but for the purposes of this definition any trade carried on by a subsidiary which is an excluded company or not resident in the United Kingdom shall be treated as not constituting a trade.

(13) This section has effect in relation to disposals on or after 6th April 1980.

38 Incidental costs of obtaining loan finance

(1) In computing the profits or gains to be charged under Case I or Case II of Schedule D there may be deducted the incidental costs of obtaining finance by means of a qualifying loan or the issue of qualifying loan stock ; and the incidental costs of obtaining finance by those means shall be treated for the purposes of section 304 of the Taxes Act (investment companies etc.) as expenses of management.

(2) Subject to subsection (3) below, in this section “a qualifying loan ” and “qualifying loan stock ” mean a loan or loan stock the interest on which is deductible—

(a) in computing for tax purposes the profits or gains of the person by whom the incidental costs in question are incurred; or

(b) under section 248 of the Taxes Act against his total profits.

(3) A loan or loan stock which carries a right of conversion into, or to the acquisition of—

(a) shares; or

(b) other securities not being a qualifying loan or qualifying loan stock,

is not a qualifying loan or qualifying loan stock if that right is exercisable before the expiration of three years from the date when the loan was obtained or the stock was issued.

(4) In this section “the incidental costs of obtaining finance ” means expenditure on fees, commissions, advertising, printing and other incidental matters (but not including stamp duty), being expenditure wholly and exclusively incurred for the purpose of obtaining the finance (whether or not it is in fact obtained), of providing security for it or of repaying it.

(5) This section shall not be construed as affording relief—

(a) for any sums paid in consequence of or for obtaining protection against, losses resulting from changes in the rate of exchange between different currencies; or

(b) for the cost of repaying a loan or loan stock so far as attributable to its being repayable at a premium or to its having been obtained or issued at a discount.

(6) This section has effect in relation to expenditure incurred on or after 1st April 1980.

39 Relief for pre-trading expenditure

(1) Where a person incurs expenditure for the purposes of a trade before the time when he begins to carry it on and the expenditure—

(a) is incurred not more than one year before that time; and

(b) is not allowable as a deduction in computing his profits or gains from the trade for the purposes of Case I of Schedule D but would have been so allowable if incurred after that time,

the expenditure shall be treated for the purposes of corporation tax as incurred on the day on which the trade is first carried on by him and for the purposes of relief under Chapter I of Part VII of the Taxes Act or section 30 of the [1978 c. 42.] Finance Act 1978 as if it were the amount of a loss sustained by him in the trade in the year of assessment in which it is set up and commenced.

(2) A claim for relief under the Income Tax Acts in respect of an amount treated as a loss by virtue of subsection (1) above shall be made separately from any claim for relief under those Acts in respect of any other loss.

(3) Section 155 of the Taxes Act (partnerships involving companies) shall have effect as if expenditure to which subsection (1) above applies were one of the matters excluded from the computation under subsection (1) of that section by proviso (b) to that subsection.

(4) This section applies in relation to a profession or vocation as it applies to a trade, taking the reference in subsection (1)(b) above to Case I of Schedule D as a reference to Case II of that Schedule.

(5) This section has effect in relation to expenditure incurred on or after 1st April 1980.

40 Stock relief

Schedule 7 to this Act shall have effect—

(a) for enabling recovery charges under Schedule 5 to the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976 (stock relief) to be deferred to such extent and in such cases as are there specified; and

(b) for excluding certain buildings from the definition of trading stock in the said Schedule 5.

41 Additional payments to redundant employees

(1) Where a payment is made by way of addition to a redundancy payment or to the corresponding amount of any other employer's payment and the additional payment would be—

(a) allowable as a deduction in computing for the purposes of Schedule D the profits or gains or losses of a trade; or

(b) eligible for relief under section 304 or 305 of the Taxes Act as expenses of management of a business,

but for the permanent discontinuance of the trade or business, the additional payment shall, subject to subsection (2) below, be allowable as a deduction or eligible for relief as aforesaid notwithstanding the discontinuance and, if made after the discontinuance, shall be treated as made on the last day on which the trade or business was carried on.

(2) Subsection (1) above applies to an additional payment only so far as it does not exceed three times the amount of the redundancy payment or of the corresponding amount of the other employer's payment.

(3) In this section references to a trade include references to a profession or vocation and references to the permanent discontinuance of a trade include references to any occasion on which it is treated as permanently discontinued by virtue of section 154(1) or 251(1) of the Taxes Act.

(4) In this section references to a redundancy payment or to the corresponding amount of an employer's payment shall be construed as in section 412 of the Taxes Act (relief for redundancy payments etc.).

(5) This section has effect where the additional payment is made on or after 1st April 1980.

42 Grants under Industry Act 1972 etc.

(1) A payment to which this section applies which is made to a person carrying on a trade the profits of which are chargeable under Case I of Schedule D shall be taken into account as a receipt in computing those profits; and any such payment which is made to an investment company as defined in section 304(5) of the Taxes Act shall be taken into account as a receipt in computing its profits under Case VI of Schedule D.

(2) This section applies to any payment made after 26th March 1980 which would not, apart from this section, be taken into account as mentioned in subsection (1) above, being a payment by way of a grant under—

(a) section 7 or 8 of the [1972 c. 63.] Industry Act 1972; or

(b) section 1 of the [1966 c. 36 (N.I.).] Industries Development Act (Northern Ireland) 1966 or section 4 of the [1971 c. 22 (N.I.).] Industries Development Act (Northern Ireland) 1971,

other than a grant designated as made towards the cost of specified capital expenditure or as made by way of compensation for the loss of capital assets.

43 Sub-contractors in the construction industry

The [1975 c. 45.] Finance (No. 2) Act 1975 shall have effect with the amendments specified in Schedule 8 to this Act, being amendments relating to the meaning of “contractor ” in section 69 of that Act and to the issue of certificates under section 70 of that Act excepting sub-contractors in the construction industry from the requirements relating to deduction of tax in section 69 of that Act.

44 Close companies: apportionment of income

(1) Schedule 16 to the [1972 c. 41.] Finance Act 1972 (apportionment of income of close companies) shall have effect with the amendments specified in Schedule 9 to this Act, being amendments which abolish the power to apportion the trading income of a trading company or of a company which is a member of a trading group.

(2) Paragraph 10(3)(b) of the said Schedule 16 (calculation of distributable investment income) shall have effect in relation to a company which is a trading company or a member of a trading group as if for “£1,000” there were substituted “£3,000 ”.

(3) This section has effect in relation to accounting periods ending after 26th March 1980.

45 Close companies: interest paid to directors

(1) The provisions of section 285 of the Taxes Act (interest paid by close companies to directors and directors' associates above a certain limit treated as a distribution) except the words from “a person ” onwards in subsection (6) (which contain a definition of a person having a material interest in a company which is applied elsewhere) shall cease to have effect.

(2) In section 233(1) (matters to be treated as distributions) and in the definition of “distribution ” in section 527(1) of that Act for the words “sections 284 and 285 ” there shall be substituted the words “section 284 ”.

(3) This section has effect in relation to interest paid in accounting periods ending after 26th March 1980.

46 Profit sharing schemes

(1) Chapter III of Part III of the [1978 c. 42.] Finance Act 1978 and Schedule 9 to that Act (profit sharing schemes) shall have effect with the following amendments.

(2) In section 54 (meaning of certain expressions in connection with approval of profit sharing schemes) after subsection (1) there shall be inserted the following—

“(1A) No obligation placed on the participant by virtue of subsection (1)(c) above shall be construed as binding his personal representatives to pay any sum to the trustees.”

(3) In subsection (4) of that section (definition of “the period of retention ” as the period beginning on the date on which a participant's shares are appropriated to him and ending on the fifth anniversary of that date or on other dates) for the words “fifth anniversary ” there shall be substituted the words “second anniversary ”.

(4) In subsection (6) of that section (definition of “the release date” as the tenth anniversary of that date) for the words “tenth anniversary” there shall be substituted the words “seventh anniversary ”.

(5) For paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of subsection (7) of that section (variation of “the appropriate percentage ” according to date of event causing charge to tax) there shall be substituted—

“(a) if the event occurs before the fourth anniversary of the date on which the shares were appropriated to the participant and paragraph (c)(i) below does not apply, the appropriate percentage is 100 per cent;

(b) if the event occurs on or after the fourth anniversary and before the fifth anniversary of the date on which the shares were appropriated to the participant and paragraph (c)(i) below does not apply, the appropriate percentage is 75 per cent;

(c) if—

(i) in a case where the participant—

(a) ceases to be an employee or director of a relevant company as mentioned in subsection (4) (a) above, or

(b) reaches pensionable age, as defined in Schedule 20 to the [1975 c. 14.] Social Security Act 1975,

the event occurs before the sixth anniversary of the date on which the shares were appropriated to him, or

(ii) in any other case the event occurs on or after the fifth anniversary of that date and before the sixth anniversary of it,

the appropriate percentage is 50 per cent; and

(d) if the event occurs on or after the sixth anniversary and before the seventh anniversary of the date on which the shares were appropriated to the participant, the appropriate percentage is 25 per cent.”.

(6) At the end of section 56 (capital receipts in respect of scheme shares) there shall be inserted—

“(6) Subsection (1) above does not apply in relation to any receipt the amount or value of which (after any reduction under subsection (4) above) does not exceed £10.”

(7) In section 58 (1) and (2) (shares in excess of initial market value of £500) for “£500 ” there shall be substituted " £1,000 '.

(8) In section 59 (P.A.Y.E. deduction of tax) after subsection (1) there shall be inserted—

“(1A) Where a participant disposes of his beneficial interest in any of his shares to the trustees of the scheme and the trustees are deemed by virtue of section 55(7) above to have disposed of the shares in question, this section shall apply as if the consideration payable by the trustees to the participant on the disposal had been received by the trustees as the proceeds of disposal of shares falling within section 55(1) above.”.

(9) In paragraph 1(4) of Schedule 9 (profit sharing schemes to provide that total initial market values of shares appropriated to one participant yearly must not exceed £500) for “£500” there shall be substituted " £1,000 '.

(10) In paragraph 6 of that Schedule (conditions as to shares)—

(a) the word “either ” shall be omitted ; and

(b) at the end of paragraph (b) there shall be inserted “or

(c) shares in a company which is under the control of a company (other than a company which is or would if resident in the United Kingdom be a close company within the meaning of section 282 of the Taxes Act) whose shares are quoted on a recognised stock exchange.”

(11) At the end of paragraph 8 of that Schedule (majority of shares of same class to be held by persons unconnected with the scheme) there shall be inserted the words “and

(c) in a case where the shares fall within sub-paragraph (c) and do not fall within sub-paragraph (a) of paragraph 6 above, companies which have control of the company whose shares are in question or of which that company is an associated company within the meaning of section 302 of the Taxes Act.”.

(12) At the end of paragraph 11(3) of that Schedule (individuals ineligible to participate in schemes when they have a material interest in certain companies) there shall be inserted—

“(c) section 303(3) of the Taxes Act (meaning of “associate ”) shall have effect—

(i) in a case where the scheme in question is a group scheme, with the substitution of a reference to all the participating companies for the first reference to the company in paragraph (ii) of the proviso to that subsection, and

(ii) with the substitution of a reference to 25 per cent, for the reference in that paragraph to 5 per cent”.

(13) In paragraph 13 of that Schedule—

(a) in sub-paragraph (1) (trust instrument must prohibit trustees from disposing of shares except as mentioned in section 54(2)(a) of that Act during the period of retention) after the words “section 54(2)(a)” there shall be inserted the words “(b) or (c) ”; and

(b) in sub-paragraph (2) (trust instrument must prohibit trustees from disposing of shares after end of period of retention except in certain circumstances) after the word “retention ” there shall be inserted the words “and before the release date ”.

(14) Subsections (3), (4) and (5) above apply in relation to shares appropriated on or after 6th April 1979, subsection (7) above applies in relation to shares appropriated on or after 6th April 1980 and the remaining provisions of this section shall be deemed to have come into force on 6th April 1980.

47 Savings-related share option schemes

(1) Subject to subsection (2) below, where, on or after the appointed day, an individual obtains a right to acquire shares in a body corporate by reason of his office or employment as a director or an employee of that or any other body corporate and in accordance with the provisions of a scheme approved under Schedule 10 to this Act—

(a) tax shall not be chargeable under any provision of the Tax Acts in respect of the receipt of the right; and

(b) if he exercises the right in accordance with the provisions of the scheme at a time when it is so approved—

(i) tax shall not be chargeable under any provision of the Tax Acts in respect of the exercise nor under section 79(4) of the [1972 c. 41.] Finance Act 1972 in respect of an increase in the market value of the shares; and

(ii) section 19(3) of the [1979 c. 14.] Capital Gains Tax Act 1979 (assets deemed to be acquired at market value) shall not apply in calculating the consideration for the acquisition of the shares.

(2) Subsection (1) above shall not apply in respect of a right which is exercised within three years of its being obtained by virtue of a provision included in a scheme pursuant to paragraph 10 of that Schedule.

(3) In this section “the appointed day ” means such day as the Treasury may by order made by statutory instrument appoint for the coming into force of this section and Schedule 10 to this Act.

48 Cars available for private use

(1) For section 62(1) and (2) of the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976 (cars with insubstantial business use) there shall be substituted—

“(1) Where the benefit of a car is taxable under section 64 below, section 61 above does not apply to any benefit in connection with the car other than a benefit in connection with the provision of a driver for the car.”

(2) In paragraph 3(1) and (2) of Part II of Schedule 7 to that Act (reduction of cash equivalent where business use of car accounted for at least 25,000 miles in the relevant year) for “25,000 ” there shall be substituted “18,000 ”.

(3) At the end of Part II of the said Schedule 7 there shall be inserted—

“Cars with insubstantial business use and additional cars

5(1) The cash equivalent derived from Table A, B or C is to be increased by half if in the relevant year—

(a) the car was not used for the employee's business travel; or

(b) its use for such travel did not amount to more than 1,000 miles.

(2) In relation to a car which for part of the year was unavailable in the sense of paragraph 2 above, the figure of 1,000 miles above mentioned is proportionately reduced.

(3) Without prejudice to sub-paragraph (1) above, if in any year a person is taxable under section 64 of this Act in respect of two or more cars which are made available concurrently, there shall be increased by half the cash equivalent derived from Table A, B or C in respect of each of those cars other than the one which in the period for which they are concurrently available is used to the greatest extent for the employee's business travel.

(4) In paragraphs 2 to 4 above references to the cash equivalent which is to be reduced shall be construed as references to the cash equivalent after any increase under this paragraph”.

(4) This section has effect for the year 1981-82 and subsequent years of assessment.

49 Cash equivalent of certain benefits

(1) Section 63 of the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976 (cash equivalent of certain benefits) shall be amended as follows.

(2) After subsection (3) there shall be inserted—

“(3A) Where the asset referred to in subsection (3) above is not a car and before the transfer a person (whether or not the transferee) has been chargeable to tax in respect of the asset in accordance with subsection (4) below, the amount which under subsection (3) above is deemed to be the cost of the benefit shall (if apart from this subsection it would be less) be deemed to be—

(a) the market value of the asset at the time when it was first applied (by those providing the benefit in question) for the provision of any benefit for a person or for members of his family or household, by reason of his employment, less

(b) the aggregate of the amounts taken into account as the cost of the benefit in charging tax in accordance with subsection (4) below in the year or years up to and including that in which the transfer takes place.”

(3) In subsection (5)(c) for the words " 10 per cent.“there shall be substituted the words ” 20 per cent. ".

(4) This section has effect in relation to assets first applied after 5th April 1980 by those providing the benefit in question in the provision of any benefit for a person, or for members of his family or household, by reason of his employment.

50 Beneficial loan arrangements

(1) In section 66(2) of the Finance Act 1976 (exemption from charge to tax in respect of beneficial loan arrangements where cash equivalent of the benefit does not exceed £50) for “£50 ” there shall be substituted “£200 ”.

(2) Where the amount of interest paid on a loan for the year of assessment in which it is made is not less than interest at the official rate applying for that year for the purposes of section 66 of the said Act of 1976 and the loan is made—

(a) for a fixed and unvariable period ; and

(b) at a fixed and unvariable rate of interest,

subsection (1) of that section shall not apply to the loan in any subsequent year by reason only of an increase in the official rate since the year in which the loan was made.

(3) Where a loan was made at any time before 6th April 1978—

(a) for a fixed and unvariable period ; and

(b) at a fixed and unvariable rate of interest,

subsection (1) of the said section 66 shall not apply to the loan if it is shown that the rate of interest is not less than such rate as could have been expected to apply to a loan on the same terms (other than as to the rate of interest) made at that time between persons not connected with each other (within the meaning of section 533 of the Taxes Act) dealing at arm's length.

(4) This section has effect for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment.

51 Benefits in kind: minor amendments

(1) In section 63 of the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976 (cash equivalent of certain benefits)—

(a) to the words in brackets in subsection (41(b) there shall be added the words “and excluding also any rent or hire charge payable for the asset by those providing the benefit ”; and

(b) in subsection (6) for the words from “the following applies ” onwards there shall be substituted the words " the annual amount of which is equal to, or greater than, the annual value of the use of the asset as ascertained under subsection (5) above, that amount is to be substituted for the annual value in subsection (4)(a) above. "

(2) In section 64(4) of that Act (power to alter money sums relating to taxation of cars) after paragraph (b) there shall be inserted—

“(c) increase (or further increase) the money sum specified in paragraph 1(1) of Part II of Schedule 7 to this Act”

(3) In section 72(5)(e) of that Act (market value of car to be retail price inclusive of car tax etc.) for the words “of car tax ” there shall be substituted the words “of value added tax and car tax ”.

(4) In the proviso to section 284(2) of the Taxes Act (expense in providing certain benefits not to count as distribution to participator in close company) after paragraph (a) there shall be inserted—

“(aa) of living accommodation for any person if the accommodation is (within the meaning of section 33 of the Finance Act 1977) provided by reason of his employment; or”.

(5) In section 44(5) and (6) of the [1971 c. 68.] Finance Act 1971 (writing-down allowances and balancing adjustments) after the words “Part VIII of the Taxes Act” there shall be inserted the words “or Chapter II of Part III of the Finance Act 1976 ”.

52 Maintenance funds: charge of income tax

(1) If in the case of a settlement in respect of which the Treasury have given a direction under section 84 of the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976 (maintenance funds for historic buildings)—

(a) any of the property comprised in the settlement (whether capital or income) is applied otherwise than as mentioned in paragraph (a)(i) or (ii) of subsection (3) of that section; or

(b) any of that property on ceasing to be comprised in the settlement devolves otherwise than on any such body or charity as is mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii) of that subsection,

then, unless subsection (6) below applies, income tax shall be charged under this section in respect of the settlement.

(2) Subject to subsection (3) below, tax chargeable under this section shall be charged at the rate of 30 per cent, on the whole of the income which has arisen in the relevant period from the property comprised in the settlement and has not been applied (or accumulated and then applied) as mentioned in subsection (3)(a)(i) or (ii) of the said section 84.

In this subsection “the relevant period ” means, if tax has become chargeable under this section in respect of the settlement on a previous occasion, the period since the last occasion and, in any other case, the period since the settlement took effect.

(3) Tax shall not be chargeable under this section in respect of income which by virtue of Part XVI of the Taxes Act is treated as income of the settlor; but where income arising in any year of assessment is exempted by this subsection any sums applied in that year as mentioned in subsection (3)(a)(i) or (ii) of the said section 84 shall be treated as paid primarily out of that income and only as to the excess, if any, out of income not so exempted.

(4) Tax charged under this section shall be in addition to any tax chargeable apart from this section and—

(a) the persons assessable and chargeable with tax under this section shall be the trustees of the settlement; and

(b) all the provisions of the Income Tax Acts relating to assessments and to the collection and recovery of income tax shall, so far as applicable, apply to the charge, assessment, collection and recovery of tax under this section.

(5) Tax shall also be chargeable in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this section if any of the property comprised in a settlement to which subsection (1) above applies, on ceasing at any time to be comprised in the settlement, devolves on any such body or charity as is referred to in paragraph (b) of that subsection and at or before that time an interest under the settlement is or has been acquired for a consideration in money or money's worth by that or another such body or charity ; but for the purposes of this subsection any acquisition from another such body or charity shall be disregarded.

(6) Tax shall not be chargeable under this section in respect of a settlement on an occasion when the whole of the property comprised in it is transferred tax-free into another settlement; but on the first occasion on which tax becomes chargeable under this section in respect of a settlement (“the current settlement”) comprising property which was previously comprised in another settlement or settlements and has become comprised in the current settlement as a result of, or of a series of, tax-free transfers, the relevant period for the purposes of subsection (2) above shall, as respects that property, be treated as having begun—

(a) on the last occasion on which tax became chargeable under this section in respect of the other settlement or any of the other settlements; or

(b) if there has been no such occasion, when the other settlement or the first of the other settlements took effect.

(7) For the purposes of subsection (6) above property is transferred tax-free from one settlement into another if it ceases to be comprised in the first-mentioned settlement and becomes comprised in the other settlement in circumstances such that by virtue of section 89(4)(d) below there is no charge to capital transfer tax by reference to its value.

53 Maintenance funds: one-estate elections

(1) Where a building or land which is qualifying property for the purposes of subsection (3) of section 84 of the [1976 c. 40.] Finance Act 1976 (maintenance funds for historic buildings) forms part of an estate in relation to which an election has effect under section 73 of the Taxes Act (deductions from rents: land managed as one estate)—

(a) the election shall not cease to have effect by reason only of another part of the estate becoming comprised in, and being managed by the trustees of, a settlement in relation to which the Treasury give a direction under the said section 84 ; and

(b) that other part shall be treated as continuing to form part of the estate to which the election relates.

(2) Where a person becomes the owner of any such building or land as is mentioned in subsection (1) above which in the immediately preceding ownership formed part of an estate in relation to which an election under the said section 73 had effect, any other part of that estate which continues to be or becomes comprised in a settlement of the kind mentioned in that subsection shall be treated as part of the estate in relation to which an election may be made by him under that section.

(3) Where by virtue of this section an election has effect in relation to an estate part of which is comprised in a settlement—

(a) there may be treated as deductible from the rents arising from that part—

(i) any payments which are made in respect of the other part of the estate by the trustees of the settlement and which would be so deductible under section 72 of the Taxes Act if that part were also comprised in the settlement; and

(ii) any payments made in respect of the other part of the estate by its owner to the extent to which they cannot be deducted by him under that section in the chargeable period in which they become due because of an insufficiency of the rents arising in that period from that part; and

(b) any relief available to the trustees under section 79 of that Act (agricultural relief) in respect of the part of the estate comprised in the settlement shall instead be available to the owner of the other part of the estate.

(4) Where by virtue of this section an election has effect in relation to an estate part of which is comprised in a settlement, the election shall not cease to have effect in relation to any of that part by reason of its ceasing to be comprised in that settlement if within thirty days it becomes comprised in another settlement in relation to which the Treasury give a direction under the said section 84.

(5) The inclusion by virtue of this section in an estate of property comprised in a settlement shall not be construed as requiring it to be treated as the property of the person who owns the remainder of the estate or as affecting any question as to the person entitled to the income arising from that property.

54 Charitable donations by traders

(1) Section 411(8) of the Taxes Act (which disallows expenditure on certain gifts) shall not preclude the deduction, in computing profits or gains under Case I or Case II of Schedule D, of expenditure incurred in making a gift to a body of persons or trust established for charitable purposes only.

(2) This section has effect in relation to expenditure incurred on or after 1st April 1980.

55 Charitable dispositions for periods which cannot exceed three years

(1) In section 434 of the Taxes Act (income payable to another under a disposition for a period which cannot exceed six years deemed to be the disponor's income)—

(a) in subsection (1) after “(1)” there shall be inserted the words “Subject to subsection (1A) below ”;

(b) after that subsection there shall be inserted—

“(1A) Subsection (1) above shall have effect in relation to income which is payable as a covenanted payment to charity as if for the words “six years” there were substituted the words “three years ””; and

(c) at the end of subsection (2) of that section there shall be inserted the words “and ” a covenanted payment to charity" means a payment made under a covenant made otherwise than for consideration in money or money's worth in favour of a body of persons or trust established for charitable purposes only whereby the like annual payments (of which the payment in question is one) become payable for a period which may exceed three years and is not capable of earlier termination under any power exercisable without the consent of the persons for the time being entitled to the payments ".

(2) After subsection (1) of section 445 of that Act (sums payable by settlor under revocable settlement treated as settlor's income except where power to revoke cannot be exercised within six years from first payment) there shall be inserted—

“(1A) The proviso to subsection (1) above shall have effect in relation to a payment which is a covenanted payment to charity as if for the words “six years ” there were substituted the words “three years ” ; and in this subsection “covenanted payment to charity” has the same meaning as in section 434(2) above”.

(3) In section 248 of that Act (allowance of charges on income for corporation tax) in subsection (9) (meaning of “covenanted donation to charity ”) for the words “six years ” there shall be substituted the words “three years ”.

(4) This section has effect for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment in relation to payments made after 5th April 1980.

56 Income under charitable covenant not settlor's for excess tax purposes

(1) In paragraph (b) of subsection (1) of section 457 of the Taxes Act (income under a settlement not treated as the settlor's income for the purposes of his excess liability if excluded by subsection (2) of that section) after the word “subsection” there shall be inserted the words “(1A) or ”.

(2) After that subsection there shall be inserted—

“(1A) Subsection (1) above shall not apply to so much of an individual's income as consists of covenanted payments to charity and does not exceed £3,000 in any year of assessment”.

(3) At the end of subsection (5) of that subsection (interpretation) there shall be inserted—

“(c) ' covenanted payments to charity ' shall be construed in accordance with section 434 (2) above.”

(4) In paragraph 3(1) of Schedule 16 to the [1972 c. 41.] Finance Act 1972 (apportionment of amounts which have been deducted by close companies in arriving at their distributable income and which in the case of an individual would have been treated as his income in computing his total income), for the words “would have been treated ” there shall be substituted the words “would (apart from section 457(1A) of the Taxes Act) have been treated ”.

(5) In paragraph 5 of that Schedule (consequences of apportionment: income tax) after sub-paragraph (5) there shall be inserted:

“(5A) Where as a result of a company or companies making covenanted payments to charity a sum or sums are apportioned by virtue of paragraph 3 above and form part of the total income of an individual for any year of assessment, his total income for that year and the total amount assessable for that year in respect of that sum or those sums shall be reduced by whichever is the lesser of—

(a) the amount of that sum or those sums, and

(b) the amount by which the total amount of all covenanted payments to charity which form part of his income for that year by virtue of section 457 of the Taxes Act, or which would form part of it if subsection (1A) of that section were omitted, falls short of £3,000;

and in this sub-paragraph “covenanted payments to charity ” has the same meaning as in the said section 457.”

(6) This section has effect for the year 1981-82 and subsequent years of assessment in relation to payments made after 5th April 1981.

57 Registered friendly societies and trade unions

(1) In subsections (4) and (5) of section 332 of the Taxes Act (exemption of income and gains of a registered friendly society whose rules make no provision for it to carry on life or endowment business consisting of the assurance of gross sums exceeding £1,000 or of the granting of annuities of annual amounts exceeding £208) for “£1,000 ” and “£208 ” there shall be substituted respectively “£2,000 ” and “£416 ”.

(2) The [1970 c. 31 (N.I.).] Friendly Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1970 and the [1974 c. 46.] Friendly Societies Act 1974 shall be amended as follows—

(a) in section 1(3A) of the said Act of 1970 and in section 7(3A) of the said Act of 1974 (registration of societies) for “£1,000 ” and “£208 ” there shall be substituted respectively “£2,000 ” and “£416 ” ; and

(b) in section 55(1) of the said Act of 1970 and in section 64(1) of the said Act of 1974 (maximum benefits) in paragraph (a) for “£1,000” there shall be substituted “£2,000 ” and in paragraph (b) for “£208 ” there shall be substituted “£416 ”.

(3) In section 338 of the Taxes Act (income and gains of a trade union precluded by Act or rules from assuring to any person a sum exceeding £1,000 by way of gross sum or £208 a year by way of annuity exempted if applied for purpose of provident benefits) for “£1,000 ” and “£208 ” there shall be substituted respectively “£2,000 ” and “£416 ”.

(4) Subsection (1) above has effect in relation to any year of account of a registered friendly society or branch ending on or after 1st June 1980 and subsection (3) above has effect in relation to income or gains which are applicable and applied as mentioned in subsection (1) of the said section 338 on or after that date.

58 Building societies

(1) In determining the reduced rate of tax by reference to which arrangements for any year of assessment are made under subsection (1) of section 343 of the Taxes Act (building societies) the Board shall, notwithstanding anything in the proviso to that subsection, leave out of account any information which is obtained by them after the beginning of that year other than information relating to changes in the rates of tax or personal reliefs for that year or to changes in the general level of incomes.

(2) This section has effect for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment.

59 Trustee savings banks

(1) Section 414(1) of the Taxes Act (relief from tax on certain savings bank interest) shall not apply to any sums paid or credited in respect of interest for any period after 20th November 1979 on ordinary deposits with a trustee savings bank.

(2) Schedule 11 to this Act shall have effect in relation to the taxation of trustee savings banks in respect of accounting periods beginning after the said 20th November.

60 Authorised unit trusts

(1) Section 354 of the Taxes Act (Tax Acts to have effect in relation to income arising to the trustees of an authorised unit trust as if they were an investment company and the unit holders were shareholders) shall not apply in relation to an authorised unit trust under the terms of which the funds of the trust cannot be invested in such a way that income can arise to the trustees which will be chargeable to tax in the hands of the trustees otherwise than—

(a) under Schedule C as profits arising from United Kingdom public revenue dividends, or

(b) under Case III of Schedule D ;

and in this subsection “United Kingdom public revenue dividends ” means public revenue dividends payable in the United Kingdom (whether they are also payable outside the United Kingdom or not) out of the public revenue of the United Kingdom.

(2) This section has effect in relation to income arising after 31st March 1980.

61 Dates for payment of tax

(1) In section 4(3) of the Taxes Act (income tax charged at rates other than the basic rate to be payable on or before 6th July following the end of the year for which it is assessed) for the words “6th July” there shall be substituted the words “1st December ”.

(2) In section 7 of the [1979 c. 14.] Capital Gains Tax Act 1979 (capital gains tax payable at or before expiration of the three months following the year in which the gains accrued) for the words “at or before the expiration of the three months following that year ” there shall be substituted the words “on or before 1st December following the end of that year ”.

(3) In paragraph 3 in the second column of the Table in section 86(4) of the [1970 c. 9.] Taxes Management Act 1970 (reckonable date for interest on unpaid tax) for the words “The 1st January following the end of the year of assessment” there shall be substituted the words “The 1st June following the 1st December mentioned in section 4(3) of the principal Act ” and in paragraph 4 in the second column of that Table for the words “The 1st January following the end of the year of assessment” there shall be substituted the words " The 1st June following the 1st December mentioned in section 7 of the Capital Gains Tax Act 1979. "

(4) In section 88 (5)(c) and (d) of the [1970 c. 9.] Taxes Management Act 1970 (interest on tax recovered to make good loss due to taxpayer's fault) and paragraph 6(2) of Schedule 16 to the [1972 c. 41.] Finance Act 1972 (liability for tax on apportioned income) for the words “6th July ” there shall be substituted the words “1st December ”.

(5) This section has effect in relation to tax for the year 1980-81 and subsequent years of assessment.

62 Interest on unpaid tax

(1) In the provisions mentioned in subsection (2) below (remission of interest on unpaid tax where the amount of interest does not exceed £10) for “£10” there shall be substituted “£30 ”.

(2) The provisions referred to above are—

(a) section 86(6) of the Taxes Management Act 1970 (income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax);

(b) section 87(4) of that Act (advance corporation tax and income tax on company payments); and

(c) section 87(3) of that Act as originally enacted (income tax on company distributions).

(3) This section has effect in relation to interest on tax charged by assessments notice of which is issued after the passing of this Act.

63 International Maritime Satellite Organisation

(1) An overseas signatory to the Operating Agreement made pursuant to the Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organisation which came into force on 16th July 1979 shall be exempt from income tax, corporation tax and capital gains tax in respect of any payment received by that signatory from the Organisation in accordance with the Agreement.

(2) In this section an “overseas signatory ” means a signatory other than one designated for the purposes of the Agreement by the United Kingdom in accordance with the Convention.