Judicial Pensions Act 1981 (c. 20)

SCHEDULES

Sections 9(4) and 14.

SCHEDULE 1 U.K. CERTAIN [F1 SENIOR COURTS] AND COUNTY COURT OFFICERS, AND PRESIDENT OF TRANSPORT TRIBUNAL

Textual Amendments

F1 Words in Sch 1 heading substituted (1.10.2009) by Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4), ss. 59(5), 148(1), Sch. 11 para. 25(4); S.I. 2009/1604, art. 2(d)

Part I U.K.

1 U.K. This Schedule applies to the following officers:—

[F2 Senior Courts] officers

• [F3 Master, Queen’s Bench Division.

• . . . F4

• Admiralty Registrar.

• Master, Chancery Division.

• Registrar in Bankruptcy of the High Court.

• Taxing Master of the [F5 Senior Courts].

• [F6 District judge of the Principal Registry of the Family Division.]

• . . . F7

• Registrar of civil appeals.

• F8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]

County court officers

• [F9 District judge.]

• F10 . . ..

Transport Tribunal

President of the Transport Tribunal.

Textual Amendments

F2 Words in Sch 1, para. 1 heading substituted (1.10.2009) by Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4), ss. 59(5), 148(1), Sch. 11 para. 25(4); S.I. 2009/1604, art. 2(d)

F3 List substituted (E.W.) by Supreme Court Act 1981 (c. 54, SIF 37), s. 152(1), Sch. 5 para. 2

F4 Words repealed by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), ss. 78(3), 125(7), Sch. 20

F5 Words in Sch 1 para. 1 substituted (1.10.2009) by Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4), ss. 59(5), 148(1), Sch. 11 para. 25(4); S.I. 2009/1604, art. 2(d)

F6 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 125(3), Sch. 18 para. 32

F7 Words repealed by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), ss. 78(3), 125(7), Sch. 20

F8 Sch. 1 para. 1: words “Master of the Court of Protection” omitted (with saving) (1.10.2007) by virtue of Mental Capacity Act 2005 (c. 9), ss. 67(1), 68(1), Sch. 6 para. 27 (with ss. 27, 28, 29, 62); S.I. 2007/1897, art. 2(1)(d)

F9 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 125(3), Sch. 18 para. 32

F10 Entry in Sch. 1 para. 1 repealed (31.3.1995) by 1993 c. 8, s. 31(2)(4), Sch.9; S.I. 1995/631, art. 2

Relevant service U.K.

2 (1) In this Schedule “relevant service” in relation to any office of the [F11 Senior Courts] listed in paragraph 1 above means service in that or any other office of the [F11 Senior Courts] so listed, or as president of the Transport Tribunal. U.K.

(2) In this Schedule “relevant service”, in relation to the office of county court registrar, or assistant county court registrar, means service in either of those offices.

(3) In this Schedule “relevant service”, in relation to the office of the president of the Transport Tribunal, means service in that office, or in any office of the [F11 Senior Courts] listed in paragraph 1 above.

Textual Amendments

F11 Words in Sch 1 para. 2 substituted (1.10.2009) by Constitutional Reform Act 2005 (c. 4), ss. 59(5), 148(1), Sch. 11 para. 25(4); S.I. 2009/1604, art. 2(d)

Person within principal civil service pension scheme prior to appointment U.K.

3 (1) This paragraph has effect as respects a person who at the time of his appointment to an office within paragraph 1 above was employed in the civil service of the State and was subject to the principal civil service pension scheme. U.K.

(2) If such a person so elects—

(a) he shall continue to be subject to the principal civil service pension scheme as if service in an office within paragraph 1 above were employment in the civil service of the State, and

(b) the provisions of Parts II, III, and IV of this Schedule, and of Part II [F12 and section 33ZA] of this Act, shall not apply to him.

(3) An election under this paragraph shall be made by notice in writing in such form and within such period as may be prescribed by the Lord Chancellor.

Textual Amendments

F12 Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(2)(b) inserted (3.1.2012) by Pensions Act 2011 (c. 19), s. 38(4), Sch. 5 para. 2(4); S.I. 2011/3034, art. 3(j)

Part II U.K. Pension Benefits

Personal pension U.K.

4 (1) An officer to whom this Schedule applies may be granted a pension— U.K.

(a) if he retires after not less than [F13 the prescribed number of years of][F13 15 years] relevant service and at the time of his retirement he has attained the age of 65, or

(b) if he retires after not less than [F14 2 years] relevant service, and—

(i) at the time of his retirement he has attained the age of 72, or

(ii) if [F15 the Treasury] is satisfied by means of a medical certificate that he is incapable from infirmity of mind or body of discharging the duties of his office and that the infirmity is likely to be permanent.

[F16 (2) In sub-paragraph (1)(a) above the prescribed number of years is—

(a) where the officer is the Lord Chancellor’s Legal Visitor, 10 years,

(b) in any other case, 15 years.]

(3) The annual rate of the pension payable under this paragraph to a person retiring after not less than 20 years relevant service shall not exceed one half of his last annual salary.

(4) The annual rate of the pension payable under this paragraph to a person retiring after less than 20 years relevant service shall not exceed—

[F17 (a) if the period of relevant service amounts to less than 5 (but not less than 2) years, 6/80ths of his last annual salary,

(aa)] if the period of relevant service amounts to less than 10 years (but not less than 5), 15/80ths of his last annual salary plus 1/80th for each completed year of relevant service exceeding 5,

(b) if the period of relevant service amounts to not less than 10 years (but less than 20 years) one quarter of that salary plus 2/80ths for each completed year of relevant service after the first 10 years.

Textual Amendments

F13 “15 years” substituted (E.W.) for “the prescribed number of years of” by Supreme Court Act 1981 (c. 54, SIF 37), s. 152(1), Sch. 5 para. 2(b)(i)

F14 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 83(1)(c)

F15 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

F16 Sch. 1 para. 1(2) repealed (E.W.) by Supreme Court Act 1981 (c. 54, SIF 37), s. 152(1), Sch. 5 para. 2(b)(ii), Sch. 7

F17 Sch. 1 para. 1(4)(a) and “(aa)” substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 83(4)

Retirement for ill-health U.K.

5 U.K. An officer to whom this Schedule applies who retires on the ground of ill-health, and who is not eligible for a lump sum under Part II of this Act, may be granted a lump sum not exceeding—

(a) if his relevant service is less than 2 years, 5/60ths of his last annual salary,

(b) if his relevant service is not less than 2 years, 7/60ths of his last annual salary for each completed year of relevant service.

Retirement before qualifying for pension U.K.

6 U.K. An officer to whom this Schedule applies who—

(a) retires after not less than 2 years relevant service, otherwise than on the ground of ill-health, and

(b) has attained the age of 60, and

(c) is not eligible for a lump sum under Part II of this Act,

may be granted a lump sum not exceeding 2/60ths of his last annual salary for each completed year of relevant service.

Premature retirement on abolition of office U.K.

7 U.K. An officer to whom this Schedule applies may on retirement in consequence of the abolition of his office, or of the reorganisation of his department, be granted a special allowance or allowances by way of compensation, not exceeding what might be granted if he retired on the ground of ill-health.

Discharge for inefficiency U.K.

8 (1) If an officer to whom this Schedule applies is removed from his office on the ground of his inability to discharge efficiently the duties of his office, and he is ineligible for a pension under paragraph 4 above, [F18 the Treasury] may, if he thinks the special circumstances of the case justify it, grant him such a pension as [F18 the Treasury] thinks just and proper, but not exceeding the amount for which the officer’s length of relevant service would qualify him under paragraph 4 above. U.K.

(2) Before making any grant under this paragraph [F18 the Treasury] shall consider any representations which the officer may have submitted [F19 to it].

(3) The reasons for making any grant under this paragraph, and the amount of any such grant, shall be set out by [F18 the Treasury] in a minute which shall be laid before Parliament within 14 days after being made.

Textual Amendments

F18 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

F19 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(7)(a)

Re-employment after retirement U.K.

9 (1) If a person to whom a pension has been granted under paragraph 4 or 7 above is appointed to an office in any public department the pension shall not be paid for any period after that appointment if his annual salary in that office (“the new salary”) is equal to his last annual salary in the office from which he retired when the pension was granted (“the salary before retirement”). U.K.

(2) If the new salary is less than the salary before retirement the amount of the pension shall not exceed the difference.

(3) In sub-paragraph (1) above the reference to an office in a public department includes a reference to employment in any body or institution listed in Schedule 1 to the M1 Superannuation Act 1972, or to an office so listed.

Marginal Citations

M1 1972 c. 11.

Allocation of benefit to spouse or dependant U.K.

10 (1) In this paragraph and paragraphs 11 and 12 below— U.K.

(a) “retiring officer” means an officer to whom this Schedule applies who is granted a pension under paragraph 4, 7 or 8 above otherwise than on the ground of ill-health,

(b) “the personal pension” means that pension,

(c) “the date of retirement” means the beginning of the period in respect of which the personal pension is paid,

(d) a “derivative pension” means a pension granted under sub-paragraph (2) below,

(e) “prescribed” means prescribed by rules under this paragraph.

(2) [F20 The Treasury] may make rules for securing that, in the prescribed circumstances, and subject to the prescribed conditions as to proof of good health and other prescribed matters, a retiring officer of a prescribed class shall be allowed to surrender, as from the date of retirement, the prescribed part, not exceeding one third, of the personal pension in return for the grant of a pension to the retiring officer’s spouse, or to a dependant of his.

(3) The derivative pension shall be of such value as, according to tables prepared from time to time by the Government Actuary, is actuarily equivalent to the value of the part of the personal pension which is surrendered.

(4) Rules under this paragraph may prescribe classes of persons for the purposes of this paragraph by reference to the age which they have attained at a prescribed date.

(5) Rules under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

Textual Amendments

F20 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

11 (1) A derivative pension for the benefit of the spouse of a retiring officer shall, according as the retiring officer may, in conformity with rules under paragraph 10 above, elect, be payable either— U.K.

(a) in respect of the period, if any, for which the spouse survives the retiring officer, or

(b) in respect both of the period of their joint lives (from the date of retirement) and of the period, if any, for which the spouse survives the retiring officer,

and the rules may provide for the pension under paragraph (b) above to be at one rate during the joint lives, and at a higher rate thereafter.

(2) A derivative pension for the benefit of a dependant (not being the spouse) of a retiring officer shall be payable for the period, if any, for which the dependant survives the retiring officer.

12 (1) Any suspension of a pension under paragraph 9 above shall be disregarded in determining the date of retirement as defined in paragraph 10(1)(c) above. U.K.

(2) In applying paragraph 9 above to a pension part of which is surrendered under paragraph 10 above the salary before retirement, as defined in paragraph 9 (1) above, shall be treated as reduced by the annual amount so surrendered.

13 U.K. The fact that Part II of this Act applies to a person shall not affect any rights of his under paragraphs 10 to 12 above, and any calculation to be made under Part II of this Act shall be made as if any surrender under those paragraphs of a part of a pension had not been made.

Allocation of benefit on marriage after retirement U.K.

14 (1) This paragraph has effect as respects an officer to whom this Schedule applies— U.K.

(a) who is retired and has not attained the age of 70, and

(b) who has married since his retirement, and

(c) who has been, or is to be, granted a pension (“the personal pension”) under paragraph 4, 7 or 8 above otherwise than on the ground of ill-health.

(2) [F21 The Treasury] may make rules for securing that, in the prescribed circumstances, and subject to the prescribed conditions as to proof of good health and other prescribed matters, any such officer shall be allowed to surrender, as from the date of his marriage, the prescribed part of the personal pension in return for the grant of a pension (the “derivative pension”) to the officer’s spouse.

(3) The part of the personal pension so surrendered, together with any part thereof surrendered under paragraph 10 above, shall not exceed one third of the personal pension.

(4) The derivative pension shall be of such value as, according to tables prepared from time to time by the Government Actuary, is actuarily equivalent, at the date of the marriage, to the value of that part of the personal pension which is surrendered.

(5) The derivative pension shall, according as the officer may, in conformity with rules under this paragraph, elect be payable either—

(a) in respect of the period, if any, for which the spouse survives the officer, or

(b) in respect both of the period of their joint lives (from the date of the marriage) and of the period, if any, for which the spouse survives the officer,

and the rules may provide for the pension under paragraph (b) above to be at one rate during the joint lives, and a higher rate thereafter.

(6) In applying paragraph 9 above to a pension part of which is surrendered under this paragraph in respect of any period after the marriage the salary before retirement, as defined in paragraph 9(1) above, shall be treated as reduced by the annual amount so surrendered.

(7) In this paragraph “prescribed” means prescribed by rules under this paragraph.

(8) Rules under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

Textual Amendments

F21 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

Part III U.K. Persons Injured, or Contracting Disease, In Discharge of Their Duties

15 (1) This paragraph applies where an officer to whom this Schedule applies— U.K.

(a) is injured in the actual discharge of his duty by some injury specifically attributable to the nature of his duty which is not wholly or mainly due to, or seriously aggravated by, his own serious and culpable negligence or misconduct, or

(b) is injured while in an area outside the United Kingdom for the purposes of his employment, and the injury is directly attributable to the existence in or near that area of a state of war, revolution, or serious and widespread internal disturbance, or is the direct result of deliberate acts of the local population or of sporadic political disturbances, and is not wholly or mainly due to, or seriously aggravated by, his own serious and culpable negligence or misconduct, or

(c) contracts a disease to which he is exposed by the nature of his duty, not being a disease wholly or mainly due to, or seriously aggravated by, his own serious and culpable negligence or misconduct.

(2) [F22 The Treasury] may grant to the officer, and, if he dies as a direct result of the injury or disease, to all or any of the following persons, that is to say—

(a) his widow [F23 or, in the case of a female officer, her widower],

[F24 (aa) his or her surviving civil partner,]

(b) his mother, or, where his mother is dead, his father, if his mother, or, as the case may be, his father, is wholly or mainly dependent on him at the time of his death.

(c) his children, and

(d) where he has no children who are, under the terms of the warrant hereinafter mentioned, eligible for the grant of a gratuity or allowance under this paragraph, any brother or sister of his who is wholly or mainly dependent on him at the time of his death,

such gratuity or annual allowance as [F22 the Treasury] may consider reasonable, and as may be permitted by the terms of a warrant of [F22 the Treasury] under this paragraph.

(3 )F25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) Where an officer to whom this Schedule applies is employed outside the United Kingdom for the purposes of Her Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom and suffers an aggravation of a disease from which he is already suffering, being an aggravation to which he is exposed by the nature of his duty outside the United Kingdom and which is not wholly or mainly due to his own serious and culpable negligence or misconduct, this paragraph shall apply in relation to him as if, when he sustained the aggravation, he had contracted such a disease as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c) above.

(5) A warrant under this paragraph may be revoked or varied by a subsequent warrant of [F22 the Treasury] thereunder.

(6) In this paragraph, unless the context otherwise requires—

• “brother” includes, in relation to a person, every male child of his father or mother,

• “child”, in relation to a person, includes an illegitimate child, a stepchild and an adopted child,

• “father” includes, in relation to a person, his stepfather and a male person by whom he has been adopted,

• “mother” includes, in relation to a person, his stepmother and a female person by whom he has been adopted,

• “sister” includes, in relation to a person, every female child of his father or mother.

(7) [F22 The Treasury] may treat a person for all or any of the purposes of this paragraph as wholly or mainly dependent on another person notwithstanding that for the time being he is not in fact so dependent on him, if [F26 it is satisfied] that it is reasonable to expect that the first-mentioned person will again become dependent on the second-mentioned person and is further satisfied that the break in dependence ought in all the circumstances to be regarded as a temporary one.

Textual Amendments

F22 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

F23 Words inserted (1.1.1992) by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 125(3), Sch. 18 para. 33; S.I. 1991/2730, art. 2, Sch.

F24 Sch. 1 para. 15(2)(aa) inserted (5.12.2005) by The Civil Partnership (Judicial Pensions and Church Pensions, etc.) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/3325), art. 65

F25 Sch. 1 para. 15(3) repealed (1.1.1992) by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 125(7), Sch. 20; S.I. 1991/2730, art. 2, Sch.

F26 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(7)(b)

16 (1) Any annual allowance granted under paragraph 15 above to the officer who is injured or contracts the disease shall not, together with— U.K.

(a) any pension under paragraph 4 above, and

(b) the annuity value of any lump sum under section 17(1) of this Act, or Part II of this Schedule,

for which he is otherwise eligible, exceed five-sixths of the annual salary of his office.

(2) In this paragraph “annuity value”, in relation to any lump sum, means its value computed in accordance with the Tables for immediate life annuities framed under Part II of the M2 Government Annuities Act 1929 which are in force when the officer retires.

(3) Any reduction which, under section 23 or 24 of this Act, or paragraph 23 of Schedule 2 to this Act, is, or is to be, effected in any lump sum payable under section 17(1) of this Act shall be left out of account for the purposes of this paragraph, and accordingly the annuity value of that lump sum shall be determined as if no such reduction had been made.

Marginal Citations

M2 1929 c. 29.

17 (1) If a warrant under paragraph 15 above authorises [F27 the Treasury] to take into account, as against any sums otherwise payable under the warrant, any damages which are recovered or recoverable by or on behalf of the recipient of the payments under that paragraph in respect of the injury, disease or death in consequence of which the payments are made, and [F27 the Treasury] makes any payments without taking such damages into account, then if and when [F27 the Treasury] is satisfied that there are any damages to be so taken into account [F28 it shall] have the right to recover from the recipient— U.K.

(a) where the amount of the payments made by [F27 the Treasury] is less than the net amount of the damages, the amount of those payments,

(b) where the amount of those payments is not less than the net amount of the damages, such part of those payments as is equal to the net amount of the damages.

(2) So far as any amount recoverable under this paragraph represents a payment made by [F27 the Treasury] from which income tax has been deducted before payment, the proper allowance shall be made in respect of the amount so deducted, and in this paragraph “the net amount of the damages” means the amount of the damages after deducting any tax payable in the United Kingdom or elsewhere to which the damages are subject.

(3) No proceeding shall be brought to recover any amount under this paragraph—

(a) after the death of the recipient of the payments, or

(b) after the expiration of two years from the date on which the amount of the damages taken into account in arriving at the amount so recoverable is finally determined (whether in court proceedings or in arbitration proceedings or by agreement between the parties) or from the date on which the final determination of that amount first came to the knowledge of [F27 the Treasury], whichever date is the later.

(4) A certificate issued by [F27 the Treasury] and stating the date on which the final determination of any amount of damages first came to the knowledge of [F27 the Treasury] shall be admissible in any proceedings as sufficient evidence of that date.

(5) The provisions of this paragraph are without prejudice to any right of [F27 the Treasury] under any such warrant to take damages into account by withholding or reducing any further sums otherwise payable to the recipient of the payment.

Textual Amendments

F27 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

F28 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(7)(c)

Part IV U.K. Supplemental

Temporary abatement of salary to be disregarded U.K.

18 U.K. Any reference in this Schedule to the salary of an office is, as regards any period in respect of which any temporary abatement of salary of that office has been made for the purpose of effecting economy in national expenditure, a reference to the salary which would have been payable to the holder of the office but for that abatement.

Service in the armed forces U.K.

19 U.K. An officer to whom this Schedule applies shall not be entitled to reckon the same period of time both for the purpose of a pension or lump sum under Part II of this Schedule, and for the purpose of naval, military or air force non-effective pay.

Distribution of money without representation U.K.

20 (1) Where on the death of an officer to whom this Schedule applies any sum not exceeding [F29 £5000] is due from a government department in respect of any civil pay, superannuation, or other allowance, annuity or gratuity, then if the responsible authority so direct, but subject to regulations (if any) made by [F30 the Treasury], proof of the title of the personal representatives of that person may be dispensed with, and the said sum may be paid or distributed to or among the persons appearing to the department to be beneficially entitled to the personal or moveable estate of that person, or to or among any one or more of those persons or, in the case of the illegitimacy of that person or his children, to or among such persons as the department think fit, and the department shall be discharged from all liability in respect of any such payment or distribution. U.K.

(2) In this paragraph the “responsible authority” means the government department prescribed by order of [F30 the Treasury] for the purpose of this paragraph.

An order under this paragraph shall be contained in a statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House or Parliament.

(3) In sub-paragraph (1) above references to a government department include references to any body or institution listed in Schedule 1 to the M3 Superannuation Act 1972.

(4) Sub-paragraph (1) above shall be included among the provisions with respect to which the Treasury may make an order under section 6(1) of the M4 Administration of Estates (Small Payments) Act 1965 substituting for references to £500 such higher amount as may be specified in the order.

Textual Amendments

F29 Figure substituted by S.I. 1984/539, art. 3

F30 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

Marginal Citations

M3 1972 c. 11.

M4 1965 c. 32.

Delegation of Minister’s power to grant pensions or other benefits U.K.

21 U.K. The [F31 Treasury] may, to such extent and subject to such conditions as [F31 it thinks] fit, delegate to any Minister or officer of the Crown any power of granting a pension or other benefit under this Schedule.

Textual Amendments

F31 Word(s) substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(7)(d)

Minister to determine certain questions U.K.

22 U.K. The decision of [F32 the Treasury] shall be final on any question which arises—

(a) as to the claim of any person or class of persons under paragraph 4 or 6 above.

(b) as to the application of any provision in Part II or III, or this Part, of this Schedule to any person,

(c) as to the amount of any pension or lump sum under this Schedule,

(d) as to the reckoning of service for any pension or lump sum under this Schedule.

The reference in head (b) above to provisions of this Schedule does not include a reference to paragraph 9 or 23 of this Schedule.

Textual Amendments

F32 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(4)(b)

President of the Transport Tribunal U.K.

23 (1) Any pension benefit paid to or in respect of any person as having been president of the Transport Tribunal shall, subject to sub-paragraph (2) below, be defrayed as part of the expenses of that Tribunal. U.K.

(2) Where the pension benefit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) above is only partly in respect of service as a president of the Transport Tribunal, it shall be defrayed only as to a proportion as part of the expenses of the Tribunal, and that proportion shall be determined by [F33 the Treasury], regard being had to the relevant length of service and rate of remuneration in the relevant offices.

(3) In this paragraph “pension benefit” includes any superannuation or other retiring allowance or gratuity, and benefits payable to or in respect of the pensioner under Part II of this Act.

Textual Amendments

F33 Words substituted by Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 (c. 41, SIF 76:1), s. 118(2)