(1)In this Act, except so far as the context otherwise requires,—
“authorised officer” means any officer of a local authority authorised by them in writing, either generally or specially, to act in matters of any specified kind or in any specified matter;
“building regulations” means, as respects Scotland, any statutory enactments, byelaws, rules and regulations or other provisions under whatever authority made, relating to the construction, alteration or extension of buildings;
“caravan” means a caravan within the meaning ofPart I of the M1Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960, disregarding the amendment made by section 13(2) of the M2Caravan Sites Act 1968, which usually and for the time being is situated on a caravan site within the meaning of that Act;
“chimney” includes structures and openings of any kind from or through which smoke, grit, dust or fumes may be emitted, and, in particular, includes flues, and references to a chimney of a building include references to a chimney which serves the whole or a part of a building but is structurally separate from the building;
“dark smoke” has the meaning given by section 3(1);
“day” means a period of twenty-four hours beginning at midnight;
“domestic furnace” means any furnace which is—
designed solely or mainly for domestic purposes, and
used for heating a boiler with a maximum heating capacity of less than 16.12 kilowatts;
“fireplace” includes any furnace, grate or stove, whether open or closed;
“fixed boiler or industrial plant” means any boiler or industrial plant which is attached to a building or is for the time being fixed to or installed on any land;
“fumes” means any airborne solid matter smaller than dust;
“industrial plant” includes any still, melting pot or other plant used for any industrial or trade purposes, and also any incinerator used for or in connection with any such purposes;
“local authority” means—
in England and Wales, the council of a district or a London borough, the Common Council of the City of London, the Sub-Treasurer of the Inner Temple and the Under Treasurer of the Middle Temple; and
in Scotland, an islands or district council;
“owner”, in relation to premises—
as respects England and Wales, means the person for the time being receiving the rackrent of the premises, whether on his own account or as agent or trustee for another person, or who would so receive the rackrent if the premises were let at a rackrent; and
as respects Scotland, means the person for the time being entitled to receive or who would, if the premises were let, be entitled to receive, the rents of the premises and includes a trustee, factor, tutor or curator and, in the case of public or municipal property, includes the persons to whom the management of the property is entrusted;
“port health authority” means, as respects Scotland, a port local authority constituted under Part X of the M3Public Health (Scotland) Act 1897 and includes a reference to a joint port health authority constituted under that Part;
“practicable” means reasonably practicable having regard, amongst other things, to local conditions and circumstances, to the financial implications and to the current state of technical knowledge, and “practicable means” includes the provision and maintenance of plant and its proper use;
“premises” includes land;
“smoke”, includes soot, ash, grit and gritty particles emitted in smoke; and
“vessel” has the same meaning as in the M4Merchant Shipping Act 1894.
(2)Any reference in this Act to the occupier of a building shall, in relation to any building different parts of which are occupied by different persons, be read as a reference to the occupier or other person in control of the part of the building in which the relevant fireplace is situated.
(3)In this Act any reference to the rate of emission of any substance or any reference which is to be understood as such a reference shall, in relation to any regulations or conditions, be construed as a reference to the quantities of that substance which may be emitted during a period specified in the regulations or conditions.
(4)In this Act, except so far as the context otherwise requires, “private dwelling” means any building or part of a building used or intended to be used as such, and a building or part of a building is not to be taken for the purposes of this Act to be used or intended to be used otherwise than as a private dwelling by reason that a person who resides or is to reside in it is or is to be required or permitted to reside in it in consequence of his employment or of holding an office.
(5)In considering for the purposes of this Act whether any and, if so, what works are reasonably necessary in order to make suitable provision for heating and cooking in the case of a dwelling or are reasonably necessary in order to enable a building to be used for a purpose without contravention of any of the provisions of this Act, regard shall be had to any difficulty there may be in obtaining, or in obtaining otherwise than at a high price, any fuels which would have to be used but for the execution of the works.
(6)Any furnaces which are in the occupation of the same person and are served by a single chimney shall, for the purposes of sections 5 to 12, 14 and 15, be taken to be one furnace.