- Y Diweddaraf sydd Ar Gael (Diwygiedig)
- Pwynt Penodol mewn Amser (08/01/2018)
- Gwreiddiol (Fel y'i Deddfwyd)
Version Superseded: 27/06/2018
Point in time view as at 08/01/2018.
Police Act 1997,
Part III is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 30 August 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
Changes and effects yet to be applied by the editorial team are only applicable when viewing the latest version or prospective version of legislation. They are therefore not accessible when viewing legislation as at a specific point in time. To view the ‘Changes to Legislation’ information for this provision return to the latest version view using the options provided in the ‘What Version’ box above.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Pt. 3 (ss. 91-108) amended (S.) (29.9.2000) by 2000 asp 11, s. 24(2)(b) (with s. 30); S.S.I. 2000/341, art. 2
C2Pt. 3: power to apply (with modifications) conferred (1.10.2002) by Police Reform Act 2002 (c. 30), s. 19(2)(b); S.I. 2002/2306, art. 2(b)(v)
C3Pt. 3 modified (1.4.2004) by The Independent Police Complaints Commission (Investigatory Powers) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/815), arts. 1(1), 2 (as amended (8.1.2018) by The Independent Office for Police Conduct (Transitional and Consequential) Regulations 2017 (S.I. 2017/1250), regs. 1, 10(5) (with reg. 37))
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F1S. 91 repealed (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 240(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(i) (with regs. 6-11)
No entry on or interference with property or with wireless telegraphy shall be unlawful if it is authorised by an authorisation having effect under this Part.
(1)Where subsection (2) applies, an authorising officer may authorise—
(a)the taking of such action, in respect of such property in the relevant area, as he may specify,
[F2(ab)the taking of such action falling within subsection (1A), in respect of property outside the relevant area, as he may specify, or]
(b)the taking of such action in the relevant area as he may specify, in respect of wireless telegraphy.
[F3(1A)The action falling within this subsection is action for maintaining or retrieving any equipment, apparatus or device the placing or use of which in the relevant area has been authorised under this Part or Part II of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 or under any enactment contained in or made under an Act of the Scottish Parliament which makes provision equivalent to that made by Part II of that Act of 2000.
(1B)Subsection (1) applies where the authorising officer is a [F4National Crime Agency officer] [F5giving an authorisation on an application made by virtue of subsection (3)(b)(i)], [F6an officer of Revenue and Customs] [F7, an immigration officer] [F8or the chair of the Competition and Markets Authority] with the omission of—
(a)the words “in the relevant area”, in each place where they occur; and
(b)paragraph (ab).]
(2)This subsection applies where the authorising officer believes—
(a)that it is necessary for the action specified to be taken [F9for the purpose of preventing or detecting] serious crime, and
[F10(b)that the taking of the action is proportionate to what the action seeks to achieve.]
[F11(2A)Subsection (2) applies where the authorising officer is the Chief Constable or the Deputy Chief Constable of the [F12Police Service of Northern Ireland] as if the reference in subsection (2)(a) to preventing or detecting serious crime included a reference to the interests of national security.
[F13(2AA)Where the authorising officer is the [F14chair of the Competition and Markets Authority], the only purpose falling within subsection (2)(a) is the purpose of preventing or detecting an offence under section 188 of the Enterprise Act 2002.]
(2B)The matters to be taken into account in considering whether the requirements of subsection (2) are satisfied in the case of any authorisation shall include whether what it is thought necessary to achieve by the authorised action could reasonably be achieved by other means.]
(3)An authorising officer shall not give an authorisation under this section except on an application made—
[F15(za)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(a) to (c)—
(i)by a member of the officer's police force; F16...
(ii)in a case where the chief officer of police of that force (“the authorising force”) has made an agreement under [F17section 22A] of the Police Act 1996 with the chief officer of police of one or more other police forces, by a member of a collaborative force; [F18or
(iii)in a case where the chief officer of police of the authorising force has made an agreement under that section with the Director General of the National Crime Agency, by a National Crime Agency officer (but see subsection (3AA));]]
[F19(zb)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(d), by a constable of the Police Service of Scotland;]
(a)if the authorising officer is within [F20subsection] [F21(5)(e),] [F22(ea) or (ee)], by a member of his police force,
[F23(aa)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(eb) to (ed), by a member, as the case may be, of the [F24Royal Navy Police], the Royal Military Police or the Royal Air Force Police;]
[F25(b)if the authorising officer is within [F26subsection (5)(f)—
(i)by] a [F27National Crime Agency officer], [F28or
(ii)in a case where the Director General of the National Crime Agency has made an agreement under section 22A of the Police Act 1996 with the chief officer of police of one or more police forces, by a member of a collaborative force;]]
(d)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(h), by [F29an officer of Revenue and Customs] [F30, F31...
[F32(da)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(ha), by an immigration officer;]
(e)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(i), by an officer of the [F33Competition and Markets Authority].]
[F34(ea)if the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(ia), by a staff officer of the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner.]
F35(f). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[F36(3A)For the purposes of subsection (3)(za)(ii)—
(a)a police force is a collaborative force if—
(i)its chief officer of police is a party to the agreement mentioned in that provision; and
(ii)its members are permitted by the terms of the agreement to make applications for authorisations under this section to the authorising officer of the authorising force; and
(b)a reference to a police force is to the following—
(i)any police force maintained under section 2 of the Police Act 1996 (police forces in England and Wales outside London);
(ii)the metropolitan police force; and
(iii)the City of London police force.]
[F37(3AA)A National Crime Agency officer may make an application by virtue of subsection (3)(za)(iii) only if permitted by the terms of the agreement mentioned in that provision to make applications for authorisations under this section to the authorising officer of the authorising force.
(3AB)For the purposes of subsection (3)(b), a police force is a collaborative force if—
(a)its chief officer of police is a party to the agreement mentioned in that provision, and
(b)its members are permitted by the terms of the agreement to make applications for authorisations under this section to the authorising officer mentioned in that provision.
Paragraph (b) of subsection (3A) applies for the purposes of this subsection.]
[F38(3ZA)An authorisation under this section may be given by the authorising officer within subsection (5)(ia) only where it relates to the taking of action in pursuance of paragraph (b)(i) of section 33A of the Police, Public Order and Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2006.]
F39(3B). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F39(3C). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F39(3D). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F39(3E). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(4)For the purposes of subsection (2), conduct which constitutes one or more offences shall be regarded as serious crime if, and only if,—
(a)it involves the use of violence, results in substantial financial gain or is conduct by a large number of persons in pursuit of a common purpose, or
(b)the offence or one of the offences is an offence for which a person who has attained the age of twenty-one and has no previous convictions could reasonably be expected to be sentenced to imprisonment for a term of three years or more,
and, where the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(h), [F40the conduct] relates to an assigned matter within the meaning of section 1(1) of the M1Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 [F41or, where the authorising officer is within subsection (5)(ha), any of the offences is an immigration or nationality offence].
(5)In this section “authorising officer” means—
(a)the chief constable of a police force maintained under section 2 of the M2Police Act 1996 (maintenance of police forces for areas in England and Wales except London);
(b)the Commissioner, or an Assistant Commissioner, of Police of the Metropolis;
(c)the Commissioner of Police for the City of London;
[F42(d)the chief constable of the Police Service of Scotland, or any deputy chief constable or assistant chief constable of the Police Service of Scotland who is designated for the purposes of this paragraph by the chief constable;]
(e)the Chief Constable or a Deputy Chief Constable of the [F12Police Service of Northern Ireland];
[F43(ea)the Chief Constable of the Ministry of Defence Police;
(eb)the Provost Marshal of the [F44Royal Navy Police];
(ec)the Provost Marshal of the Royal Military Police;
(ed)the Provost Marshal of the Royal Air Force Police;
(ee)the Chief Constable of the F45British Transport Police;]
[F46(f)the Director General of the National Crime Agency, or any other National Crime Agency officer who is designated for the purposes of this paragraph by that Director General;]
[F47(h)an officer of Revenue and Customs who is a senior official within the meaning of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 and who is designated for the purposes of this paragraph by the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs;] F48...
[F49(ha)an immigration officer who is a senior official within the meaning of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 and who is designated for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State;]
[F50(i) the [F51chair of the Competition and Markets Authority].]
[F52(ia)the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner.]
F53(j). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(6)In this section “relevant area”—
(a)in relation to a person within paragraph (a), (b) or (c) of subsection (5) [F54to whom an application is made by virtue of subsection (3)(za)(i)], means the area in England and Wales for which his police force is maintained;
[F55(aa)in relation to a person within any of those paragraphs to whom an application is made by virtue of subsection (3)(za)(ii), means the area in England and Wales—
(i)for which any collaborative force (within the meaning of subsection (3A)) is maintained; and
(ii)which is specified in relation to members of that force in the agreement mentioned in subsection (3)(za)(ii);]
[F56(ab)in relation to a person within any of those paragraphs to whom an application is made by virtue of subsection (3)(za)(iii), means the area in England and Wales for which—
(i)the person's police force is maintained, or
(ii)any other police force whose chief officer of police is a party to the agreement mentioned in subsection (3)(za)(iii) is maintained,
and which is specified in relation to NCA officers in the agreement mentioned in that provision;]
(b)in relation to a person within paragraph (d) [F57or (ia) of subsection (5), means Scotland];
(c)in relation to a person within paragraph (e) of that subsection, means Northern Ireland;
[F58(ca)in relation to a person within paragraph (ea), means any place where, under section 2 of the M3Ministry of Defence Police Act 1987, the members of the Ministry of Defence Police have the powers and privileges of a constable;
(cb)in relation to a person within paragraph (ee), means the United Kingdom;]
[F59(cba)in relation to a person within subsection (5)(f) to whom an application is made by virtue of subsection (3)(b)(ii), means the area in England and Wales—
(i)for which any collaborative force (within the meaning of subsection (3AB)) is maintained, and
(ii)which is specified in relation to members of that force in the agreement mentioned in subsection (3)(b)(ii);]
F60(cc). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F61(d). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F62(e). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F63(f). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
and in each case includes the adjacent United Kingdom waters.
[F64(6A)For the purposes of any authorisation by a person within paragraph (eb), (ec) or (ed) of subsection (5) property is in the relevant area or action in respect of wireless telegraphy is taken in the relevant area if, as the case may be—
(a)the property is owned, occupied, in the possession of or being used by a person [F65who is subject to service law or is a civilian subject to service discipline]; or
(b)the action is taken in relation to the use of wireless telegraphy by such a person.
[F66(6B)In subsection (6A) “subject to service law” and “civilian subject to service discipline” have the same meanings as in the Armed Forces Act 2006.]
[F67(6C)For the purposes of this section, an offence is an immigration or nationality offence if conduct constituting the offence—
(a)relates to the entitlement of one or more persons who are not nationals of the United Kingdom to enter, transit across, or be in, the United Kingdom (including conduct which relates to conditions or other controls on any such entitlement), or
(b)is undertaken for the purposes of, or otherwise in relation to, any of these enactments—
(i)the British Nationality Act 1981;
(ii)the Hong Kong Act 1985;
(iii)the Hong Kong (War Wives and Widows) Act 1996;
(iv)the British Nationality (Hong Kong) Act 1997;
(v)the British Overseas Territories Act 2002;
(vi)an instrument made under any of those Acts.]
(7)The powers conferred by, or by virtue of, this section are additional to any other powers which a person has as a constable either at common law or under or by virtue of any other enactment and are not to be taken to affect any of those other powers.]
Textual Amendments
F2S. 93(1)(ab) substituted for word “or” (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(2) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F3S. 93(1A)(1B) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(3) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F4Words in s. 93(1B) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 56(2); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F5Words in s. 93(1B) inserted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(2)
F6Words in s. 93(1B) substituted (15.2.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 12 para. 1(a); S.I. 2008/219, art. 2(b)
F7Words in s. 93(1B) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(2) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F8Words in s. 93(1B) substituted (1.4.2014) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Competition) (Consequential, Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/892), art. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 116(2) (with art. 3)
F9Words in s. 93(2)(a) substituted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(4)(a) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F10S. 93(2)(b) substituted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(4)(b) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F11S. 93(2A)(2B) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(5) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F12Words in s. 93(2A)(5)(e) substituted (4.11.2001) by 2000 c. 32, s. 78(1), Sch. 6 para. 20(2)(b); S.R. 2001/396, art. 2, Sch.
F13S. 93(2AA) inserted (20.6.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), ss. 200(2)(b), 279; S.I. 2003/1397, art. 2(1), Sch.
F14Words in s. 93(2AA) substituted (1.4.2014) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Competition) (Consequential, Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/892), art. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 116(3) (with art. 3)
F15S. 93(3)(za) inserted (25.1.2010) by Policing and Crime Act 2009 (c. 26), ss. 6(2), 116(1); S.I. 2009/3096, art. 3(a)
F16Word in s. 93(3)(za)(i) omitted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(3)(a)
F17Words in s. 93(3)(za)(ii) substituted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(3)(b)
F18S. 93(3)(za)(iii) and word inserted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(3)(c)
F19S. 93(3)(zb) inserted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(a)(i); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(a)(i); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F20Words in s. 93(3)(a) substituted (25.1.2010) by Policing and Crime Act 2009 (c. 26), ss. 6(3), 116(1); S.I. 2009/3096, art. 3(a)
F21Word in s. 93(3)(a) substituted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(a)(ii); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(a)(ii); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F22Words in s. 93(3)(a) substituted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(2)(a) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F23S. 93(3)(aa) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82, Sch. 4 para. 8(2)(b) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F24Words in s. 93(3)(aa) substituted (4.6.2007) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 146(2); S.I. 2007/1442, art. 2(1)
F25S. 93(3)(b) substituted for s. 93(3)(b)(c) (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 97(3); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10 (with art. 4(3))
F26Words in s. 93(3)(b) substituted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(3)(d)(i)
F27Words in s. 93(3)(b) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 56(2); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F28S. 93(3)(b)(ii) and word inserted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(3)(d)(ii)
F29Words in s. 93(3)(d) substituted (15.2.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 12 para. 1(b); S.I. 2008/219, art. 2(b)
F30S. 93(3)(e) and word inserted (20.6.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), ss. 200(2)(c), 279; S.I. 2003/1397, art. 2(1), Sch.
F31Word in s. 93(3)(d) omitted (25.6.2013) by virtue of Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(3)(a) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F32S. 93(3)(da) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(3)(b) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F33Words in s. 93(3)(e) substituted (1.4.2014) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Competition) (Consequential, Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/892), art. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 116(4) (with art. 3)
F34S. 93(3)(ea) inserted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(a)(iii); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(a)(iii); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F35S. 93(3)(f) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F36S. 93(3A) inserted (25.1.2010) by Policing and Crime Act 2009 (c. 26), ss. 6(4), 116(1); S.I. 2009/3096, art. 3(a)
F37S. 93(3AA)(3AB) inserted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(4)
F38S. 93(3ZA) inserted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(b); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(b); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F39S. 93(3B)-(3E) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F40Words in s. 93(4) substituted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(4)(a) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F41Words in s. 93(4) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(4)(b) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F42S. 93(5)(d) substituted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(c)(i); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(c)(i); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F43S. 93(5)(ea)-(ee) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(6)(a) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F44Words in s. 93(5)(eb) substituted (4.6.2007) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 146(3); S.I. 2007/1442, art. 2(1)
F45S. 93 amended (1.7.2004) by Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 (c. 20), Sch. 5 para. 4; S.I. 2004/1572, art. 3(jjj)
F46S. 93(5)(f) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 56(3); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F47S. 93(5)(h) substituted (15.2.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 12 para. 1(c); S.I. 2008/219, art. 2(b)
F48Word in s. 93(5)(h) omitted (25.6.2013) by virtue of Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(5) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F49S. 93(5)(ha) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), ss. 55(1), 61(2) (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(d)
F50S. 93(5)(i) inserted (20.6.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), ss. 200(2)(d), 279; S.I. 2003/1397, art. 2(1), Sch.
F51Words in s. 93(5)(i) substituted (1.4.2014) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Competition) (Consequential, Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/892), art. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 116(5) (with art. 3)
F52S. 93(5)(ia) inserted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(c)(ii); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(c)(ii); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F53S. 93(5)(j) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F54Words in s. 93(6)(a) inserted (25.1.2010) by Policing and Crime Act 2009 (c. 26), ss. 6(5)(a), 116(1); S.I. 2009/3096, art. 3(a)
F55S. 93(6)(aa) inserted (25.1.2010) by Policing and Crime Act 2009 (c. 26), ss. 6(5)(b), 116(1); S.I. 2009/3096, art. 3(a)
F56S. 93(6)(ab) inserted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(5)(a)
F57Words in s. 93(6)(b) substituted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(2)(d); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(2)(d); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F58S. 93(6)(ca)(cb) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(7) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F59S. 93(6)(cba) inserted (31.1.2017 for specified purposes, 31.3.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Policing and Crime Act 2017 (c. 3), s. 183(5)(e)(6)(b), Sch. 19 para. 1(5)(b)
F60S. 93(6)(cc) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F61S. 93(6)(d) repealed (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 97(5), Sch. 17 Pt. 2; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. paras. 10, 13(dd) (with art. 4(3))
F62S. 93(6)(e) repealed (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 97(5), Sch. 17 Pt. 2; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. paras. 10, 13(dd) (with art. 4(3))
F63S. 93(6)(f) and the word “and” immediately preceding it repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F64S. 93(6A)(6B) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 75(8) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F65Words in s. 93(6A)(a) substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes, 31.10.2009 in so far as not already in force) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 146(4); S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059); S.I. 2009/1167, art. 4
F66S. 93(6B) substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes, 31.10.2009 in so far as not already in force) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 146(5); S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059); S.I. 2009/1167, art. 4
F67S. 93(6C) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 2(6) (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C4S. 93 amended (S.) (29.9.2000) by 2000 asp 11, s. 23(5) (with s. 30); S.S.I. 2000/341, art. 2
Marginal Citations
(1)Subsection (2) applies where it is not reasonably practicable for an authorising officer to consider an application for an authorisation under section 93 and—
(a)if the authorising officer is within paragraph (b) [F68 , (e) or (f)] of section 93(5), it is also not reasonably practicable for the application to be considered by any of the other persons within the paragraph concerned; F69. . . [F70or]
(b)if the authorising officer is within paragraph (a) [F71or (c)] of section 93(5), it is also not reasonably practicable for the application to be considered by his designated deputy F72 ...
F72(c). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(2)Where this subsection applies, the powers conferred on the authorising officer by section 93 may, in an urgent case, be exercised—
(a)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (a) [F73or (d)] of subsection (5) of that section, by a person holding the rank of assistant chief constable in his force;
(b)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (b) of that subsection, by a person holding the rank of commander in the metropolitan police force;
(c)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (c) of that subsection, by a person holding the rank of commander in the City of London police force;
(d)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (e) of that subsection, by a person holding the rank of assistant chief constable in the [F74Police Service of Northern Ireland];
[F75(da)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (ea) of that subsection, by a person holding the rank of deputy or assistant chief constable in the Ministry of Defence Police;
(db)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (eb) of that subsection, by a person holding the position of assistant Provost Marshal in the [F76Royal Navy Police];
(dc)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (ec) or (ed) of that subsection, by a person holding the position of deputy Provost Marshal in the Royal Military Police or, as the case may be, in the Royal Air Force Police;
(dd)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (ee) of that subsection, by a person holding the rank of deputy or assistant chief constable in the F77British Transport Police;]
[F78(e)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (f) of that subsection, by a person designated for the purposes of this section by the [F79Director General of the National Crime Agency];]
(f)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (h) of that subsection, [F80by an officer of Revenue and Customs who is a senior official within the meaning of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 and who is designated by the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs] for the purposes of this section.
[F81(fa)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (ha) of that subsection, by a senior official (within the meaning of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000) in the department of the Secretary of State by whom functions relating to immigration are exercisable who is designated by the Secretary of State for the purposes of this section;]
[F82(g)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (i) of that subsection, by an officer of the [F83Competition and Markets Authority] designated by it for the purposes of this section.]
[F84(ga)where the authorising officer is within paragraph (ia) of that subsection, by a staff officer of the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner who is designated by the Commissioner for the purposes of this section.]
F85(h). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F86(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(4)In subsection (1), “designated deputy”—
[F87(a)in the case of an authorising officer within paragraph (a) of section 93(5), means—
(i)the person who is the appropriate deputy chief constable for the purposes of section 12A(1) of the Police Act 1996, or
(ii)the person holding the rank of assistant chief constable designated to act under section 12A(2) of that Act;]
F88(aa). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)in the case of an authorising officer within paragraph (c) of section 93(5), means the person authorised to act F89. . . under section 25 of the M4City of London Police Act 1839; F90. . .
F91(c). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(d). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F92(5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F92(6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
F92(7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F68Words in s. 94(1)(a) substituted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 98(2)(a); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F69Word at the end of s. 94(1)(a) repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F70Word in s. 94(1)(a) inserted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 98(2)(b); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F71Words in s. 94(1)(b) substituted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(3)(a); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(3)(a); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F72S. 94(1)(c) and word repealed (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 98(2)(d), Sch. 17 Pt. 2; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. paras. 10, 13(dd)
F73Words in s. 94(2)(a) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F74Words in s. 94(2)(d) substituted (4.11.2001) by 2000 c. 32, s. 78(1), Sch. 6 para. 20(2)(b); S.R. 2001/396, art. 2, Sch.
F75S. 94(2)(da)-(dd) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(4)(a) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F76Words in s. 94(2)(db) substituted (4.6.2007) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 147; S.I. 2007/1442, art. 2(1)
F77S. 94 amended (1.7.2004) by Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003 (c. 20), Sch. 5 para. 4; S.I. 2004/1572, art. 3(jjj)
F78S. 94(2)(e) substituted for s. 94(2)(e)(ea) (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 98(3); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F79Words in s. 94(2)(e) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 57; S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F80Words in s. 94(2)(f) substituted (15.2.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 12 para. 2; S.I. 2008/219, art. 2(b)
F81S. 94(2)(fa) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 21 para. 3 (with Sch. 20 para. 29); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(i)
F82S. 94(2)(g) inserted (20.6.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), ss. 200(3), 279; S.I. 2003/1397, art. 2(1), Sch.
F83Words in s. 94(2)(g) substituted (1.4.2014) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Competition) (Consequential, Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/892), art. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 117 (with art. 3)
F84S. 94(2)(ga) inserted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(3)(b); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(3)(b); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F85S. 94(2)(h) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F86S. 94(3) repealed (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 98(4), Sch. 17 Pt. 2; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. paras. 10, 13(dd)
F87S. 94(4)(a) substituted (8.11.2006) by Police and Justice Act 2006 (c. 48), s. 53(2), Sch. 14 para. 34
F88S. 94(4)(aa) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F89Words in s. 94(4) repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F90Word in s. 94(4) repealed (30.9.1998) by 1998 c. 37, s. 113(3), s. 120(2), Sch. 10; S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2
F91S. 94(4)(c) repealed (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 98(4), Sch. 17 Pt. 2; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. paras. 10, 13(dd)
F92S. 94(5)-(7) repealed (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 8 Pt. 1; S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C5S. 94 applied (prosp.) by 2000 c. 23, ss. 49, 83(2), Sch. 2 para. 2(7) (with s. 82(3))
C6S. 94 applied (1.10.2007) by Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (c. 23), s. 83(2), Sch. 2 para. 2(7) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2007/2196, art. 2(a)
Marginal Citations
(1)An authorisation shall be in writing, except that in an urgent case an authorisation (other than one given by virtue of section 94) may be given orally.
(2)An authorisation shall, unless renewed under subsection (3), cease to have effect—
(a)if given orally or by virtue of section 94, at the end of the period of 72 hours beginning with the time when it took effect;
(b)in any other case, at the end of the period of three months beginning with the day on which it took effect.
(3)If at any time before an authorisation would cease to have effect the authorising officer who gave the authorisation, or in whose absence it was given, considers it necessary for the authorisation to continue to have effect for the purpose for which it was issued, he may, in writing, renew it for a period of three months beginning with the day on which it would cease to have effect.
(4)A person shall cancel an authorisation given by him if satisfied that [F93the authorisation is one in relation to which the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of section 93(2) are no longer satisfied.]
(5)An authorising officer shall cancel an authorisation given in his absence if satisfied that [F93the authorisation is one in relation to which the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of section 93(2) are no longer satisfied].
(6)If the authorising officer who gave the authorisation is within paragraph (b) [F94[F95, (d), (e)] [F96or (f)]] of section 93(5), the power conferred on that person by subsections (3) and (4) above shall also be exercisable by each of the other persons within the paragraph concerned.
(7)Nothing in this section shall prevent a designated deputy from exercising the powers conferred on an authorising officer within paragraph (a) [F97, (c) [F98or (d) ]] [F97or (c)] of section 93(5) by subsections (3), (4) and (5) above.
Textual Amendments
F93Words in s. 95(4)(5) substituted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(6)(a) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F94Words in s. 95(6) substituted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(6)(b) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F95Words in s. 95(6) substituted (E.W.N.I) (1.4.2013) by virtue of The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(4); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by virtue of Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(4)(a); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F96Words in s. 95(6) substituted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 99(2); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F97Words in s. 95(7) substituted (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(4)(b); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
F98Words in s. 95(7) substituted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 99(3); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
(1)Where a person gives, renews or cancels an authorisation, he shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable and in accordance with arrangements made by the [F99Investigatory Powers Commissioner], give notice in writing that he has done so to [F100a Judicial Commissioner].
(2)Subject to subsection (3), a notice under this section shall specify such matters as the Secretary of State may by order prescribe.
(3)A notice under this section of the giving or renewal of an authorisation shall specify—
(a)whether section 97 applies to the authorisation or renewal, and
(b)where that section does not apply by virtue of subsection (3) of that section, the grounds on which the case is believed to be one of urgency.
(4)Where a notice is given to [F101a Judicial Commissioner] under this section, he shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, scrutinise the notice.
(5)An order under subsection (2) shall be made by statutory instrument.
(6)A statutory instrument which contains an order under subsection (2) shall not be made unless a draft has been laid before, and approved by a resolution of, each House of Parliament.
Textual Amendments
F99Words in s. 96(1) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(a), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F100Words in s. 96(1) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(b), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F101Words in s. 96(4) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
Commencement Information
I1S. 96 wholly in force at 22.2.1999; s. 96 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 135; s. 96 in force for certain purposes at 1.9.1997 by S.I. 1997/1930, art. 2(with art. 2(3)); s. 96 in force at 22.2.1999 insofar as not already in force by S.I. 1999/151, art. 2
(1)An authorisation to which this section applies shall not take effect until—
(a)it has been approved in accordance with this section by [F102a Judicial Commissioner], and
(b)the person who gave the authorisation has been notified under subsection (4).
(2)Subject to subsection (3), this section applies to an authorisation if, at the time it is given, the person who gives it believes—
(a)that any of the property specified in the authorisation—
(i)is used wholly or mainly as a dwelling or as a bedroom in a hotel, or
(ii)constitutes office premises, or
(b)that the action authorised by it is likely to result in any person acquiring knowledge of—
(i)matters subject to legal privilege,
(ii)confidential personal information, or
(iii)confidential journalistic material.
(3)This section does not apply to an authorisation where the person who gives it believes that the case is one of urgency.
(4)Where [F103a Judicial Commissioner] receives a notice under section 96 which specifies that this section applies to the authorisation, he shall as soon as is reasonably practicable—
(a)decide whether to approve the authorisation or refuse approval, and
(b)give written notice of his decision to the person who gave the authorisation.
(5)[F104A Judicial Commissioner] shall approve an authorisation if, and only if, he is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2).
(6)Where [F105a Judicial Commissioner] refuses to approve an authorisation, he shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, make a report of his findings to the authorising officer who gave it or in whose absence it was given F106. . ..
[F107(6A)The reference in subsection (6) to the authorising officer who gave the authorisation or in whose absence it was given shall be construed, in the case of an authorisation given by or in the absence of a person within paragraph (b) [F108or (e)] of section 93(5), as a reference to the Commissioner of Police [F109or, as the case may be, Chief Constable] mentioned in the paragraph concerned.]
[F110(6B)The reference in subsection (6) to the authorising officer who gave the authorisation or in whose absence it was given shall be construed—
(a)in the case of an authorisation given by a person within paragraph (f) of section 93(5), as a reference to that person, and
(b)in the case of an authorisation given in the absence of such a person, as a reference to a [F111National Crime Agency officer] who is designated for the purposes of this section by the Director General of that Agency.]
(7)This section shall apply in relation to a renewal of an authorisation as it applies in relation to an authorisation (the references in subsection (2)(a) and (b) to the authorisation being construed as references to the authorisation renewed).
(8)In this section—
“office premises” has the meaning given in section 1(2) of the M5Offices, Shops and Railway Premises Act 1963;
“hotel” means premises used for the reception of guests who desire to sleep in the premises.
Textual Amendments
F102Words in s. 97(1)(a) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(b), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F103Words in s. 97(4) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F104Words in s. 97(5) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(h), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F105Words in s. 97(6) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F106Words in s. 97(6) repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1)(2), Sch. 4 para. 8(7), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F107S. 97(6A) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 82(3); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F108Words in s. 97(6A) substituted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 100(2)(a); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F109Words in s. 97(6A) substituted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 100(2)(b); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F110S. 97(6B) inserted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 100(3); S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F111Words in s. 97(6B)(b) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 58; S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
Marginal Citations
(1)Subject to subsection (5) below, in section 97 “matters subject to legal privilege” means matters to which subsection (2), (3) or (4) below applies.
(2)This subsection applies to communications between a professional legal adviser and—
(a)his client, or
(b)any person representing his client,
which are made in connection with the giving of legal advice to the client.
(3)This subsection applies to communications—
(a)between a professional legal adviser and his client or any person representing his client, or
(b)between a professional legal adviser or his client or any such representative and any other person,
which are made in connection with or in contemplation of legal proceedings and for the purposes of such proceedings.
(4)This subsection applies to items enclosed with or referred to in communications of the kind mentioned in subsection (2) or (3) and made—
(a)in connection with the giving of legal advice, or
(b)in connection with or in contemplation of legal proceedings and for the purposes of such proceedings.
(5)For the purposes of section 97—
(a)communications and items are not matters subject to legal privilege when they are in the possession of a person who is not entitled to possession of them, and
(b)communications and items held, or oral communications made, with the intention of furthering a criminal purpose are not matters subject to legal privilege.
(1)In section 97 “confidential personal information” means—
(a)personal information which a person has acquired or created in the course of any trade, business, profession or other occupation or for the purposes of any paid or unpaid office, and which he holds in confidence, and
(b)communications as a result of which personal information—
(i)is acquired or created as mentioned in paragraph (a), and
(ii)is held in confidence.
(2)For the purposes of this section “personal information” means information concerning an individual (whether living or dead) who can be identified from it and relating—
(a)to his physical or mental health, or
(b)to spiritual counselling or assistance given or to be given to him.
(3)A person holds information in confidence for the purposes of this section if he holds it subject—
(a)to an express or implied undertaking to hold it in confidence, or
(b)to a restriction on disclosure or an obligation of secrecy contained in any enactment (including an enactment contained in an Act passed after this Act).
(1)In section 97 “confidential journalistic material” means—
(a)material acquired or created for the purposes of journalism which—
(i)is in the possession of persons who acquired or created it for those purposes,
(ii)is held subject to an undertaking, restriction or obligation of the kind mentioned in section 99(3), and
(iii)has been continuously held (by one or more persons) subject to such an undertaking, restriction or obligation since it was first acquired or created for the purposes of journalism, and
(b)communications as a result of which information is acquired for the purposes of journalism and held as mentioned in paragraph (a)(ii).
(2)For the purposes of subsection (1), a person who receives material, or acquires information, from someone who intends that the recipient shall use it for the purposes of journalism is to be taken to have acquired it for those purposes.
Textual Amendments
F112S. 101 repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
Textual Amendments
F113S. 102 repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, ss. 70(2)(c), 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2 (and by art. 6(1) of that S.I. the repeal is expressed to be brought into force on 2.10.2000 subject to the provisions of art. 6(2)-(5))
(1)Where, at any time, [F114a Judicial Commissioner] is satisfied that, at the time an authorisation was given or renewed, there were no reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2), he may quash the authorisation or, as the case may be, renewal.
(2)Where, in the case of an authorisation or renewal to which section 97 does not apply, [F115a Judicial Commissioner] is at any time satisfied that, at the time the authorisation was given or, as the case may be, renewed,—
(a)there were reasonable grounds for believing any of the matters specified in subsection (2) of section 97, and
(b)there were no reasonable grounds for believing the case to be one of urgency for the purposes of subsection (3) of that section,
he may quash the authorisation or, as the case may be, renewal.
(3)Where [F116a Judicial Commissioner] quashes an authorisation or renewal under subsection (1) or (2), he may order the destruction of any records relating to information obtained by virtue of the authorisation (or, in the case of a renewal, relating wholly or partly to information so obtained after the renewal) other than records required for pending criminal or civil proceedings.
(4)If [F117a Judicial Commissioner] is satisfied that, at any time after an authorisation was given or, in the case of an authorisation renewed under section 95, after it was renewed, there were no reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2), he may cancel the authorisation.
(5)Where—
(a)an authorisation has ceased to have effect (otherwise than by virtue of subsection (1) or (2)), and
(b)[F118a Judicial Commissioner] is satisfied that, at any time during the period of the authorisation, there were no reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2),
he may order the destruction of any records relating, wholly or partly, to information which was obtained by virtue of the authorisation after that time (other than records required for pending criminal or civil proceedings).
(6)Where [F119a Judicial Commissioner] exercises his powers under subsection (1), (2) or (4), he shall, if he is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for doing so, order that the authorisation shall be effective, for such period as he shall specify, so far as it authorises the taking of action to retrieve anything left on property in accordance with the authorisation.
(7)Where [F120a Judicial Commissioner (other than the Investigatory Powers Commissioner)] exercises a power conferred by this section, he shall, as soon as is reasonably practicable, make a report of his findings—
(a)to the authorising officer who gave the authorisation or in whose absence it was given, and
(b)to the [F121Investigatory Powers Commissioner];
[F122and subsection (6A) of section 97 shall apply for the purposes of this subsection as it applies for the purposes of subsection (6) of that section.]
(8)Where—
(a)a decision is made under subsection (1) or (2) and an order for the destruction of records is made under subsection (3), or
(b)a decision to order the destruction of records is made under subsection (5),
the order shall not become operative until [F123any period] for appealing against the decision has expired and, where an appeal is made, a decision dismissing it has been made by the [F124Investigatory Powers Commissioner].
(9)[F125A Judicial Commissioner] may exercise any of the powers conferred by this section notwithstanding any approval given under section 97.
Textual Amendments
F114Words in s. 103(1) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(b), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F115Words in s. 103(2) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(b), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F116Words in s. 103(3) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F117Words in s. 103(4) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(b), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F118Words in s. 103(5)(b) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(b), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F119Words in s. 103(6) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F120Words in s. 103(7) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(d), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F121Words in s. 103(7)(b) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(a), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F122Words in s. 103(7) substituted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(8) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F123Words in s. 103(8) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), s. 272(1), Sch. 10 para. 72 (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(j)
F124Words in s. 103(8) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(a), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F125Words in s. 103(9) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(h), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
(1)An authorising officer who gives an authorisation, or in whose absence it is given, may, within the prescribed period, appeal to the [F126Investigatory Powers Commissioner (except where the original decision was made by that Commissioner)] against—
(a)any refusal to approve the authorisation or any renewal of it under section 97;
(b)any decision to quash the authorisation, or any renewal of it, under subsection (1) of section 103;
(c)any decision to quash the authorisation, or any renewal of it, under subsection (2) of that section;
(d)any decision to cancel the authorisation under subsection (4) of that section;
(e)any decision to order the destruction of records under subsection (5) of that section;
(f)any refusal to make an order under subsection (6) of that section;
F127(g). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(2)In subsection (1), “the prescribed period” means the period of seven days beginning with the day on which the refusal, decision or, as the case may be, determination appealed against is reported to the authorising officer.
(3)In determining an appeal within subsection (1)(a), the [F128Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall, if he is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2), allow the appeal and direct [F129the Judicial Commissioner concerned] to approve the authorisation or renewal under that section.
(4)In determining—
(a)an appeal within subsection (1)(b), F130. . .
(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
the [F128Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall allow the appeal unless he is satisfied that, at the time the authorisation was given or, as the case may be, renewed there were no reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2).
(5)In determining—
(a)an appeal within subsection (1)(c), F130. . .
(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
the [F128Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall allow the appeal unless he is satisfied as mentioned in section 103(2).
(6)In determining—
(a)an appeal within subsection (1)(d) or (e), F130. . .
(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
the [F128Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall allow the appeal unless he is satisfied that at the time to which the decision relates there were no reasonable grounds for believing the matters specified in section 93(2).
(7)In determining an appeal within subsection (1)(f), the [F128Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall allow the appeal and order that the authorisation shall be effective to the extent mentioned in section 103(6), for such period as he shall specify, if he is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for making such an order.
(8)Where an appeal is allowed under this section, the [F128Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall—
(a)in the case of an appeal within subsection (1)(b) or (c), also quash any order made by [F131the Judicial Commissioner concerned] to destroy records relating to information obtained by virtue of the authorisation concerned, F132. . .
(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F126Words in s. 104(1) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(e), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F127S. 104(1)(g) repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F128Words in s. 104(3)-(8) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(a), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F129Words in s. 104(3) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(f), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F130S. 104(4)(b)(5)(b)(6)(b) and the word “or” immediately preceding them repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F131Words in s. 104(8)(a) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(f), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F132S. 104(8)(b) and the word “and” immediately preceding it repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
(1)Where the [F133Investigatory Powers Commissioner] determines an appeal under section 104—
(a)he shall give notice of his determination—
(i)to the authorising officer concerned, [F134and]
(ii)to [F135the Judicial Commissioner] against whose refusal, decision or determination the appeal was made, F136. . .
(iii). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)if he dismisses the appeal, he shall make a report of his findings—
(i)to the authorising officer concerned,
(ii)to [F137the Judicial Commissioner] against whose refusal, decision or determination the appeal was made, and
(iii)F138... to the Prime Minister [and the Scottish Ministers].
(2)Subject to subsection (1)(b), the [F133Investigatory Powers Commissioner] shall not give any reasons for a determination under section 104.
(3)Nothing in section 104 shall prevent a designated deputy from exercising the powers conferred by subsection (1) of that section on an authorising officer within paragraph (a) [F139or (c)] of section 93(5).
Textual Amendments
F133Words in s. 105(1)(2) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(a), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F134Word in s. 105(1)(a)(i) inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(9) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F135Words in s. 105(1)(a)(ii) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(g), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F136S. 105(1)(a)(iii) and the word “and” immediately preceding it repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1)(2), Sch. 4 para. 8(9), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F137Words in s. 105(1)(b)(ii) substituted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 233(2)(g), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(e)
F138Words in s. 105(1)(b)(iii) omitted (1.9.2017) by virtue of Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), s. 272(1), Sch. 10 para. 73 (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(j)
F139Words in s. 105(3) substituted (E.W.N.I.) (1.4.2013) by The Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/602), art. 1(2), Sch. 1 para. 6(5); and (S.) (1.4.2013) by Police and Fire Reform (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 8), s. 129(2), sch. 7 para. 14(5); S.S.I. 2013/51, art. 2 (with transitional provisions and savings in S.S.I. 2013/121)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C7Words in s. 105(1)(b)(iii) inserted (1.7.1999) by S.I. 1999/1747, arts. 1, 3, Sch. 6 Pt. II para. 2(3); S.I. 1998/3178, art. 3
Textual Amendments
F140S. 106 repealed (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(2), Sch. 5 (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Textual Amendments
F141S. 107 repealed (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), ss. 240(2)(c), 272(1) (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(i) (with regs. 6-11)
(1)In this Part—
[F142“Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis” includes the Deputy Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis;]
“authorisation” means an authorisation under section 93;
“authorising officer” has the meaning given by section 93(5);
“criminal proceedings” includes [F143proceedings (whether or not before a court) in respect of a service offence within the meaning of the Armed Forces Act 2006;]
F144...
“designated deputy” has the meaning given in section 94(4);
[F145“the Investigatory Powers Commissioner” and “Judicial Commissioner” have the same meanings as in the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (see section 263(1) of that Act);]
“United Kingdom waters” has the meaning given in section 30(5) of the M6Police Act 1996; and
“wireless telegraphy” has the same meaning as in [F146the Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006] and, in relation to wireless telegraphy, “interfere” has the same meaning as in that Act.
[F147(1A)A reference in this Part to a staff officer of the Police Investigations and Review Commissioner is to any person who—
(a)is a member of the Commissioner's staff appointed under paragraph 7A of schedule 4 to the Police, Public Order and Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2006, or
(b)is a member of the Commissioner's staff appointed under paragraph 7 of that schedule to whom paragraph 7B(2) of that schedule applies.]
(2)Where, under this Part, notice of any matter is required to be given in writing, the notice may be transmitted by electronic means.
(3)For the purposes of this Part, an authorisation (or renewal) given—
(a)by the designated deputy of an authorising officer, or
(b)by a person on whom an authorising officer’s powers are conferred by section 94,
shall be treated as an authorisation (or renewal) given in the absence of the authorising officer concerned; and references to the authorising officer in whose absence an authorisation (or renewal) was given shall be construed accordingly.
Textual Amendments
F142In s. 108(1) definition of "Assistant Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis" inserted (25.9.2000) by 2000 c. 23, s. 82(1), Sch. 4 para. 8(12) (with s. 82(3)); S.I. 2000/2543, art. 2
F143Words in s. 108(1) substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes, 31.10.2009 in so far as not already in force) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), s. 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 148; S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b) (with transitional provisions in S.I. 2009/1059); S.I. 2009/1167, art. 4
F144Words in s. 108(1) repealed (15.2.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 12 para. 4, Sch. 14; S.I. 2008/219, art. 2(b)(d)(i)
F145Words in s. 108(1) inserted (1.9.2017) by Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (c. 25), s. 272(1), Sch. 10 para. 74 (with Sch. 9 paras. 7, 8, 10); S.I. 2017/859, reg. 2(j)
F146Words in s. 108(1) substituted (8.2.2007) by Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006 (c. 36), s. 126(2), Sch. 7 para. 19
F147S. 108(1A) inserted (S.) (1.7.2016) by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 2016 (asp 1), ss. 112, 117(2); S.S.I. 2016/199, art. 2
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C8S. 108(1) modified (24.4.2009 for specified purposes, 31.10.2009 in so far as not already in force) by The Armed Forces Act 2006 (Transitional Provisions etc) Order 2009 (S.I. 2009/1059), art. 1(3), Sch. 1 para. 41
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