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Crime and Disorder Act 1998

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Crime and Disorder Act 1998, Part III is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 13 December 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. Help about Changes to Legislation

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Part IIIE+W+S Criminal justice system

Youth justiceE+W

37 Aim of the youth justice system.E+W

(1)It shall be the principal aim of the youth justice system to prevent offending by children and young persons.

(2)In addition to any other duty to which they are subject, it shall be the duty of all persons and bodies carrying out functions in relation to the youth justice system to have regard to that aim.

Commencement Information

I1S. 37 wholly in force; S. 37 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

38 Local provision of youth justice services.E+W

(1)It shall be the duty of each local authority, acting in co-operation with the persons and bodies mentioned in subsection (2) below, to secure that, to such extent as is appropriate for their area, all youth justice services are available there.

(2)It shall be the duty of—

(a)every chief officer of police or [F1local policing body] any part of whose police area lies within the local authority’s area;

[F2(aa)the Secretary of State in relation to his functions under sections 2 and 3 of the Offender Management Act 2007;

(ab)every provider of probation services that is required by arrangements under section 3(2) of the Offender Management Act 2007 to carry out the duty under this subsection in relation to the local authority;] and

(b)every [F3local probation board] [F4, integrated care board or] F5 [F6... [F7Local Health Board] F8...] any part of whose area lies within that area,

to co-operate in the discharge by the local authority of their duty under subsection (1) above.

(3)The local authority and every person or body mentioned in subsection (2) above shall have power to make payments towards expenditure incurred in the provision of youth justice services—

(a)by making the payments directly; or

(b)by contributing to a fund, established and maintained by the local authority, out of which the payments may be made.

(4)In this section and sections 39 to 41 below “youth justice services” means any of the following, namely—

(a)the provision of persons to act as appropriate adults to safeguard the interests of children and young persons detained or questioned by police officers;

[F9(aa)the provision of assistance to persons determining whether youth cautions should be given under section 66ZA below;]

(b)the assessment of children and young persons, and the provision for them of rehabilitation programmes, for the purposes of section [F1066ZB(2) or (3)] below;

[F11(ba)the provision of assistance to persons determining whether youth conditional cautions (within the meaning of Chapter 1 of Part 4) should be given and which conditions to attach to such cautions;

(bb)the supervision and rehabilitation of persons to whom such cautions are given;]

(c)the provision of support for children and young persons remanded or committed on bail while awaiting trial or sentence;

(d)the placement in local authority accommodation of children and young persons remanded [F12to such accommodation under section 91(3) of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012];

(e)the provision of reports or other information required by courts in criminal proceedings against children and young persons;

[F13(ee)the performance by youth offending teams and members of youth offending teams of functions under sections 25 to 27 of the Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003;]

(f)the provision of persons to act as responsible officers in relation to F14... parenting orders, child safety orders [F15and reparation orders];

[F16(fa)the provision of persons to act as responsible officers in relation to youth rehabilitation orders [F17under Chapter 1 of Part 9 of the Sentencing Code];

(fb)the supervision of children and young persons sentenced to a youth rehabilitation order under [F18that Chapter] which includes a supervision requirement (within the meaning of [F18that Chapter]);]

(g)F19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(h)the supervision of children and young persons sentenced to a detention and training order [F20(including an order under section 211 of the Armed Forces Act 2006)] F21. . . ;

[F22(ha)supervision after the end of the term of such an order under section 256AA of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (as applied by [F23section 247 of the Sentencing Code]);]

[F24(i)post-release supervision in accordance with a licence under section 31 of the Crime (Sentences) Act 1997 or section 250 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 of a person sentenced to detention under section 90 or 91 of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000, section 226, 226B or 228 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 [F25, section 250, [F26252A,] 254 or 259 of the Sentencing Code] or section 209, 218, 221, 221A or 222 of the Armed Forces Act 2006;

(ia)post-release supervision under section 256B of the Criminal Justice Act 2003;

(ib)supervision under section 256AA of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 of a person sentenced to detention under section 91 of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 [F27, section 250 of the Sentencing Code] or section 209 of the Armed Forces Act 2006;]

F28(j). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F29(k)the implementation of referral orders within [F30the meaning given by section 83(1) of the Sentencing Code].]

(5)The Secretary of State may by order amend subsection (4) above so as to extend, restrict or otherwise alter the definition of “youth justice services” for the time being specified in that subsection.

Textual Amendments

F1Words in s. 38(2)(a) substituted (16.1.2012) by Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 (c. 13), ss. 99, 157(1), Sch. 16 para. 235; S.I. 2011/3019, art. 3, Sch. 1 para. (nnn)(iii)

F3Words in s. 38(2)(b) substituted (1.4.2001) by 2000 c. 43, s. 74, Sch. 7 para. 151; S.I. 2001/919, art. 2(f)(ii)

F5Words in s. 38(2)(b) omitted (1.4.2013) by virtue of Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), s. 306(4), Sch. 5 para. 85(b); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

F7Words in s. 38(2)(b) substituted (1.4.2007) by The References to Health Authorities Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/961), art. 3, Sch. para. 29(2)(b)

F8Words in s. 38(2)(b) omitted (1.4.2013) by virtue of Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), s. 306(4), Sch. 5 para. 85(c); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

F11S. 38(4)(ba)(bb) inserted (16.11.2009 in relation to specified areas, otherwise prosp.) by Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4), ss. 148(1), 153(7), Sch. 26 para. 34(3); S.I. 2009/2780, art. 2(1)(d)

F13S. 38(4)(ee) inserted (27.2.2004) by Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003 (c. 38), ss. 29(2), 93(1); S.I. 2003/3300, art. 3(a)(iii)

F17Words in s. 38(4)(fa) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 154(a) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F18Words in s. 38(4)(fb) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 154(b) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F20Words in s. 38(4)(h) inserted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes, otherwise 31.10.2009) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), ss. 378(1), 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 153; S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b); S.I. 2009/1167, art. 4

F23Words in s. 38(4)(ha) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 154(c) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F24S. 38(4)(i)-(ib) substituted for s. 38(4)(i) (1.2.2015) by Offender Rehabilitation Act 2014 (c. 11), s. 22(1), Sch. 3 para. 9(3) (with Sch. 7 para. 2); S.I. 2015/40, art. 2(u)

F25Words in s. 38(4)(i) inserted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 154(d) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F27Words in s. 38(4)(ib) inserted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 154(e) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F28S. 38(4)(j) omitted (1.12.2020 immediately before the consolidation date (see 2020 c. 9, ss. 3, 5(2)(3) and 2020 c. 17, ss. 2, 416)) by virtue of Sentencing (Pre-consolidation Amendments) Act 2020 (c. 9), s. 5(2)(3), Sch. 2 para. 119(4); S.I. 2012/1236, reg. 2

F29S. 38(4)(k) inserted (26.6.2000) by 1999 c. 23, s. 67(1), Sch. 4 paras. 25, 28 (with Sch. 7 paras. 3(3), 5(2)); S.I. 2000/1587, art. 2

F30Words in s. 38(4)(k) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 154(g) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

Commencement Information

I2S. 38 wholly in force; S. 38 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. S. 38(4) in force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8); S. 38(1)-(3)(5) in force at 30.8.1998 in the areas specified in Sch. 1 of the said S.I. by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 3(1), Sch. 1 (subject to savings in art. 9); s. 38 in force at 1.4.2000 by S.I. 2000/924, art. 2

39 Youth offending teams.E+W

(1)Subject to subsection (2) below, it shall be the duty of each local authority, acting in co-operation with the persons and bodies mentioned in subsection (3) below, to establish for their area one or more youth offending teams.

(2)Two (or more) local authorities acting together may establish one or more youth offending teams for both (or all) their areas; and where they do so—

(a)any reference in the following provisions of this section (except subsection (4)(b)) to, or to the area of, the local authority or a particular local authority shall be construed accordingly, and

(b)the reference in subsection (4)(b) to the local authority shall be construed as a reference to one of the authorities.

(3)It shall be the duty of—

(a)every chief officer of police any part of whose police area lies within the local authority’s area;

[F31(aa)the Secretary of State in relation to his functions under sections 2 and 3 of the Offender Management Act 2007;

(ab)every provider of probation services that is required by arrangements under section 3(2) of the Offender Management Act 2007 to carry out the duty under this subsection in relation to the local authority;] and

(b)every [F32local probation board] [F33, integrated care board or] F34[F35... [F36Local Health Board] F37...] any part of whose area lies within that area,

to co-operate in the discharge by the local authority of their duty under subsection (1) above.

(4)The local authority and every person or body mentioned in subsection (3) above shall have power to make payments towards expenditure incurred by, or for purposes connected with, youth offending teams—

(a)by making the payments directly; or

(b)by contributing to a fund, established and maintained by the local authority, out of which the payments may be made.

(5)A youth offending team shall include at least one of each of the following, namely—

(a)[F38an officer of a local probation board][F39or an officer of a provider of probation services];

[F40(aa)where the local authority is in England, a person with experience of social work in relation to children nominated by the director of children’s services appointed by the local authority under section 18 of the Children Act 2004;]

(b)[F41where the local authority is in Wales, a social worker of the] local authority F42. . . ;

(c)a police officer;

(d)a person nominated by [F43an integrated care board or] F44... a [F36Local Health Board] any part of whose area lies within the local authority’s area;

[F45(da)where the local authority is in England, a person with experience in education nominated by the director of children’s services appointed by the local authority under section 18 of the Children Act 2004;]

(e)[F46where the local authority is in Wales,] a person nominated by the chief education officer appointed by the local authority under section 532 of the M1Education Act 1996.

(6)A youth offending team may also include such other persons as the local authority thinks appropriate after consulting the persons and bodies mentioned in subsection (3) above.

(7)It shall be the duty of the youth offending team or teams established by a particular local authority—

(a)to co-ordinate the provision of youth justice services for all those in the authority’s area who need them; and

(b)to carry out such functions as are assigned to the team or teams in the youth justice plan formulated by the authority under section 40(1) below.

Textual Amendments

F32Words in s. 39(3)(b) substituted (1.4.2001) by 2000 c. 43, s. 74, Sch. 7 Pt. II para. 151; S.I. 2001/919, art. 2(f)(ii)

F36Words in s. 39(3)(b)(5)(d) substituted (1.4.2007) by The References to Health Authorities Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/961), art. 3, Sch. para. 29(2)(c)

F38Words in s. 39(5)(a) substituted (1.4.2001) by 2000 c. 43, s. 74, Sch. 7 Pt. I para. 4(1)(a), (2); S.I. 2001/919, art. 2(f)(i)

F40S. 39(5)(aa) inserted (with effect for specified purposes as mentioned in s. 18(9)(a) of the amending Act, otherwise 1.1.2008) by Children Act 2004 (c. 31), ss. 18(9)(10), 67(2), Sch. 2 para. 5(3)(a); S.I. 2007/1792, art. 2

F41Words in s. 39(5)(b) substituted (with effect for specified purposes as mentioned in s. 18(9)(a) of the amending Act, otherwise 1.1.2008) by Children Act 2004 (c. 31), ss. 18(9)(10), 67(2), Sch. 2 para. 5(3)(b); S.I. 2007/1792, art. 2

F42Words in s. 39(5)(b) repealed (1.4.2005 for E. and 1.4.2006 for W.) by Children Act 2004 (c. 31), ss. 64, 67(8), Sch. 5 Pt. 4; S.I. 2005/394, art. 2(2)(g); S.I. 2006/885, art. 2(2)(h)

F45S. 39(5)(da) inserted (with effect for specified purposes as mentioned in s. 18(9)(a) of the amending Act, otherwise 1.1.2008) by Children Act 2004 (c. 31), ss. 18(9)(10), 67(2), Sch. 2 para. 5(3)(c); S.I. 2007/1792, art. 2

F46Words in s. 39(5)(e) inserted (with effect for specified purposes as mentioned in s. 18(9)(a) of the amending Act, otherwise 1.1.2008) by Children Act 2004 (c. 31), ss. 18(9)(10), 67(2), Sch. 2 para. 5(3)(d); S.I. 2007/1792, art. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I3S. 39 wholly in force at 1.4.2000; S. 39 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121; S. 39 in force at 30.9.1998 in the areas specified in Sch. 1 of the said S.I. by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 3(1), Sch. 1 (subject to savings in art. 9); s. 39 in force at 1.4.2000 insofar as not already in force by S.I. 2000/924, art. 2

Marginal Citations

[F4739ADetention of child or young person: local authorities to be notifiedE+W

(1)Subsection (2) applies where a youth offending team becomes aware that—

(a)a child or young person has become subject to a detention order and is detained in relevant youth accommodation, or

(b)a child or young person who is subject to a detention order has been transferred from one place of accommodation to another which is relevant youth accommodation.

(2)The youth offending team must as soon as practicable notify—

(a)the home local authority, and

(b)the host local authority,

of the place where the child or young person is detained.

(3)Subsection (4) applies where a youth offending team becomes aware that a person has been released having immediately before release been—

(a)subject to a detention order, and

(b)detained in relevant youth accommodation.

(4)The youth offending team must as soon as practicable notify the following authorities of the release—

(a)the home local authority;

(b)the host local authority;

(c)any other local authority in whose area the youth offending team expects the person to live on release.

(5)Nothing in this section requires a youth offending team to notify a local authority of any matter of which the authority is already aware.

(6)In this section—

  • “home local authority”, in relation to a child or young person, means the local authority which is the home authority in relation to that person within the meaning of Chapter 5A of Part 10 of the Education Act 1996 (persons detained in youth accommodation);

  • “host local authority”, in relation to a child or young person who is detained in relevant youth accommodation, means the local authority for the area in which that person is detained;

  • “local authority”has the meaning given by section 579(1) of the Education Act 1996;

  • “young person” includes a person who is aged 18;

and references in this section to a person subject to a detention order and to relevant youth accommodation have the same meanings as they have in the Education Act 1996 (see section 562(1A) of that Act).]

Textual Amendments

40 Youth justice plans.E+W

(1)It shall be the duty of each local authority, after consultation with the relevant persons and bodies, to formulate and implement for each year a plan (a “youth justice plan”) setting out—

(a)how youth justice services in their area are to be provided and funded; and

(b)how the youth offending team or teams established by them (whether alone or jointly with one or more other local authorities) are to be composed and funded, how they are to operate, and what functions they are to carry out.

F48(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F49(3)The functions assigned to a youth offending team under subsection (1)(b) above may include, in particular—

(a)functions under paragraph 7(b) of Schedule 2 to the 1989 Act (local authority’s duty to take reasonable steps designed to encourage children and young persons not to commit offences);

(b)functions relating to a local authority’s duty under section 15(2)(g) of the Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 to provide or arrange for the provision of services for the purposes of encouraging children not to commit criminal offences.]

(4)A local authority shall submit their youth justice plan to the Board established under section 41 below, and shall publish it in such manner and by such date as the Secretary of State may direct.

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C2S. 40: functions of the local authority not to be the sole responsibility of the executive of the authority (E.) (16.11.2000) by virtue of S.I. 2000/2853, reg. 4(1), Sch. 3

Commencement Information

I4S. 40 wholly in force at 1.1.2000; S. 40 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121; S. 40 in force at 30.9.1998 in the areas specified in Sch. 1 of the said S.I. by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 3(1), Sch. 1 (subject to savings in art. 9); s. 40 in force at 1.1.2000 insofar as not already in force by S.I. 1999/3426, art. 2

41 The Youth Justice Board.E+W

(1)There shall be a body corporate to be known as the Youth Justice Board for England and Wales (“the Board”).

(2)The Board shall not be regarded as the servant or agent of the Crown or as enjoying any status, immunity or privilege of the Crown; and the Board’s property shall not be regarded as property of, or held on behalf of, the Crown.

(3)The Board shall consist of 10, 11 or 12 members appointed by the Secretary of State.

(4)The members of the Board shall include persons who appear to the Secretary of State to have extensive recent experience of the youth justice system.

(5)The Board shall have the following functions, namely—

(a)to monitor the operation of the youth justice system and the provision of youth justice services;

(b)to advise the Secretary of State on the following matters, namely—

(i)the operation of that system and the provision of such services;

(ii)how the principal aim of that system might most effectively be pursued;

(iii)the content of any national standards he may see fit to set with respect to the provision of such services, or the accommodation in which children and young persons are kept in custody; and

(iv)the steps that might be taken to prevent offending by children and young persons;

(c)to monitor the extent to which that aim is being achieved and any such standards met;

(d)for the purposes of paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) above, to obtain information from relevant authorities;

(e)to publish information so obtained;

(f)to identify, to make known and to promote good practice in the following matters, namely—

(i)the operation of the youth justice system and the provision of youth justice services;

(ii)the prevention of offending by children and young persons; and

(iii)working with children and young persons who are or are at risk of becoming offenders;

F50(g). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(h)F51... to commission research in connection with such practice.

[F52(ha)with the approval of the Secretary of State, to make grants to local authorities and other persons for the purposes of the operation of the youth justice system and the provision of youth justice services, subject to such conditions as the Board considers appropriate, including conditions as to repayment;

(hb)to provide assistance to local authorities and other persons in connection with information technology systems and equipment used or to be used for the purposes of the operation of the youth justice system and the provision of youth justice services;]

[F53(i)to enter into agreements for the provision of—

[F54(i)[F55youth detention accommodation], within the meaning given by [F56section 248 of the Sentencing Code ], for the purpose of detaining persons subject to orders under section 100, 104(3)(a) or 105(2) of [F57the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000, detention and training orders within the meaning given by section 233 of the Sentencing Code, orders under paragraph 3(2)(a) or 7(2) of Schedule 12 to that Code or orders under] section 211 or 214 of the Armed Forces Act 2006;

(ii)accommodation which is or may be used for the purpose of detaining persons sentenced under [F58section 250, [F59252A,] 254 or 259 of the Sentencing Code,] section 90 or 91 of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 [F60, section 226, 226B or 228 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 ] or section 209 [F61 218, 221, 221A or 222 ] of the Armed Forces Act 2006;]

F62(iii). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(iv)accommodation which is or may be used for the purpose of detaining persons who are under the age of 18 when remanded in custody under section 128 of the 1980 Act;

F63(v). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F63(vi). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F64(vii)accommodation referred to in paragraph 14(3) of Schedule 5A to the Policing and Crime Act 2009 which is or may be used for the purpose of detaining persons subject to a detention order under that Schedule;]

but no agreement shall be made under this paragraph in relation to accommodation for persons who have attained the age of 18 unless it appears to the Board that it is expedient to enter into such an agreement for the operation of the youth justice system;

(j)to facilitate arrangements between the Secretary of State and any person providing—

[F65(i)[F66youth detention accommodation], within the meaning given by [F67section 248 of the Sentencing Code], to be used for detaining a person in accordance with a determination under [F68section 241(1) of that Code, paragraph 3(2)(a) or 7(2) of Schedule 12 to that Code,] section 102(1), 104(3)(a) or 105(2) of [F69the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000] or section 214(3) of the Armed Forces Act 2006; or

(ii)accommodation to be used for detaining a person in accordance with a direction by the Secretary of State under [F70section 260 of the Sentencing Code or] section 92 of the Powers of Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000 or a determination by the Secretary of State under section 210 or 218(3) of the Armed Forces Act 2006;]

[F71(ja)at the request of the Secretary of State, to assist him in carrying out his functions in relation to the release of offenders detained in accommodation which is youth detention accommodation, within the meaning given by [F72section 248(1) of the Sentencing Code];]

F73(k). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(l)annually—

(i)to assess future demand for secure accommodation for remanded [F74children and young persons and secure and other accommodation for sentenced children and young persons],

(ii)to prepare a plan setting out how they intend to exercise, in the following three years, the functions described in paragraphs (i) and (k) above, and any function for the time being exercisable by the Board concurrently with the Secretary of State by virtue of subsection (6)(b) below which relates to securing the provision of such accommodation, and

(iii)to submit the plan to the Secretary of State for approval.]

(6)The Secretary of State may by order—

(a)amend subsection (5) above so as to add to, subtract from or alter any of the functions of the Board for the time being specified in that subsection; or

(b)provide that any function of his which is exercisable in relation to the youth justice system shall be exercisable concurrently with the Board.

[F75(6A)The power of the Secretary of State under subsection (6)(b) includes power—

(a)to provide that, in relation to any function of his that is exercisable in respect of particular cases, the function is to be exercisable by the Board only—

(i)where it proposes to exercise the function in a particular manner, or

(ii)in respect of a class of case specified in the order, and

(b)to make any supplementary, incidental or consequential provision (including provision for any enactment to apply subject to modifications).]

(7)In carrying out their functions, the Board shall comply with any directions given by the Secretary of State and act in accordance with any guidance given by him.

(8)A relevant authority—

(a)shall furnish to the Board any information required for the purposes of subsection (5)(a), (b) or (c) above; and

(b)whenever so required by the Board, shall submit to the Board a report on such matters connected with the discharge of their duties under the foregoing provisions of this Part as may be specified in the requirement.

A requirement under paragraph (b) above may specify the form in which a report is to be given.

(9)The Board may arrange, or require the relevant authority to arrange, for a report under subsection (8)(b) above to be published in such manner as appears to the Board to be appropriate.

(10)In this section “relevant authority” means a local authority, a chief officer of police, a [F76local policing body], a [F77local probation board] [F78a provider of probation services] [F79, [F80an integrated care board] [F81and] a [F82Local Health Board] F83...].

(11)Schedule 2 to this Act (which makes further provision with respect to the Board) shall have effect.

Textual Amendments

F53S. 41(5)(i)-(k) inserted (20.4.2000) by S.I. 2000/1160, art. 3(b)

F54S. 41(5)(i)(i)(ii) substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes, otherwise 31.10.2009) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), ss. 378(1), 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 154(a); S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b); S.I. 2009/1167, art. 4

F56Words in s. 41(5)(i)(i) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(2)(a) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F57Words in s. 41(5)(i) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(2)(b) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F58Words in s. 41(5)(i)(ii) inserted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(3) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F65S. 41(5)(j)(i)(ii) substituted (28.3.2009 for specified purposes, otherwise 31.10.2009) by Armed Forces Act 2006 (c. 52), ss. 378(1), 383(2), Sch. 16 para. 154(b); S.I. 2009/812, art. 3(a)(b); S.I. 2009/1167, art. 4

F67Words in s. 41(5)(j)(i) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(4)(a) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F68Words in s. 41(5)(j)(i) inserted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(4)(b) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F69Words in s. 41(5)(j)(i) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(4)(c) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F70Words in s. 41(5)(j)(ii) inserted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(5) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F72Words in s. 41(5)(ja) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 155(6) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F77Words in s. 41(10) substituted (1.4.2001) by 2000 c. 43, s. 74, SCh. 7 Pt. II para. 151; S.I. 2001/919, art. 2(f)(ii)

F82Words in s. 41(10) substituted (1.4.2007) by The References to Health Authorities Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/961), art. 3, Sch. para. 29(2)(d)

F83Words in s. 41(10) omitted (1.4.2013) by virtue of Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), s. 306(4), Sch. 5 para. 88(c); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I5 S. 41 wholly in force; s. 41 not in force at Royal Assent, see s. 121. in force at 1.8.1998 for the purposes of making appointments under this section and under paragraph 1 of Sch. 2 by S.I. 1998/1883, art. 2(a). s. 41 in force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

42 Supplementary provisions.E+W

(1)In the foregoing provisions of this Part and this section—

  • “chief officer of police” has the meaning given by section 101(1) of the M2Police Act 1996;

  • “local authority” [F84(except in section 39A)] means—

    (a)

    in relation to England, a county council, a district council whose district does not form part of an area that has a county council, a London borough council or the Common Council of the City of London;

    (b)

    in relation to Wales, a county council or a county borough council;

  • F85. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

  • “youth justice system” means the system of criminal justice in so far as it relates to children and young persons.

(2)For the purposes of those provisions, the Isles of Scilly form part of the county of Cornwall and the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple form part of the City of London.

[F86(2A)So far as relating to the Isles of Scilly, subsection (2) does not apply for the purposes of section 39A.]

(3)In carrying out any of their duties under those provisions, a local authority, a police authority, a [F87local probation board] [F88a provider of probation services] [F89an integrated care board,] [F90or] a [F91Local Health Board] F92... shall act in accordance with any guidance given by the Secretary of State.

Textual Amendments

F85S. 42(1): definition of "police authority" omitted (16.1.2012) by virtue of Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 (c. 13), ss. 99, 157(1), Sch. 16 para. 237; S.I. 2011/3019, art. 3, Sch. 1 para. (nnn)(iii)

F87Words in s. 42(3) substituted (1.4.2001) by 2000 c. 43, s. 74, Sch. 7 Pt. II para. 151; S.I. 2001/919, art. 2(f)(ii)

F91Words in s. 42(3) substituted (1.4.2007) by The References to Health Authorities Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/961), art. 3, Sch. para. 29(2)(e)

F92Words in s. 42(3) omitted (1.4.2013) by virtue of Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), s. 306(4), Sch. 5 para. 89(c); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I6S. 42 wholly in force; S. 42 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

Marginal Citations

Time limits etc.E+W

43 Time limits.E+W

(1)In subsection (2) of section 22 (time limits in relation to criminal proceedings) of the M3Prosecution of Offences Act 1985 (“the 1985 Act”), for paragraphs (a) and (b) there shall be substituted the following paragraphs—

“(a)be made so as to apply only in relation to proceedings instituted in specified areas, or proceedings of, or against persons of, specified classes or descriptions;

(b)make different provision with respect to proceedings instituted in different areas, or different provision with respect to proceedings of, or against persons of, different classes or descriptions;”.

(2)For subsection (3) of that section there shall be substituted the following subsection—

“(3)The appropriate court may, at any time before the expiry of a time limit imposed by the regulations, extend, or further extend, that limit; but the court shall not do so unless it is satisfied—

(a)that the need for the extension is due to—

(i)the illness or absence of the accused, a necessary witness, a judge or a magistrate;

(ii)a postponement which is occasioned by the ordering by the court of separate trials in the case of two or more accused or two or more offences; or

(iii)some other good and sufficient cause; and

(b)that the prosecution has acted with all due diligence and expedition.”

(3)In subsection (4) of that section, for the words from “the accused” to the end there shall be substituted the words “ the appropriate court shall stay the proceedings ”.

(4)In subsection (6) of that section—

(a)for the word “Where” there shall be substituted the words “ Subsection (6A) below applies where ”; and

(b)for the words from “the overall time limit” to the end there shall be substituted the words “ and is accordingly unlawfully at large for any period. ”

(5)After that subsection there shall be inserted the following subsection—

“(6A)The following, namely—

(a)the period for which the person is unlawfully at large; and

(b)such additional period (if any) as the appropriate court may direct, having regard to the disruption of the prosecution occasioned by—

(i)the person’s escape or failure to surrender; and

(ii)the length of the period mentioned in paragraph (a) above,

shall be disregarded, so far as the offence in question is concerned, for the purposes of the overall time limit which applies in his case in relation to the stage which the proceedings have reached at the time of the escape or, as the case may be, at the appointed time.”

(6)In subsection (7) of that section, after the words “time limit,” there shall be inserted the words “ or to give a direction under subsection (6A) above, ”.

(7)In subsection (8) of that section, after the words “time limit” there shall be inserted the words “ , or to give a direction under subsection (6A) above, ”.

(8)After subsection (11) of that section there shall be inserted the following subsection—

“(11ZA)For the purposes of this section, proceedings for an offence shall be taken to begin when the accused is charged with the offence or, as the case may be, an information is laid charging him with the offence.”

Commencement Information

I7S. 43 wholly in force at 1.6.1999; S. 43 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121; S. 43(1) in force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8); s. 43 in force at 1.6.1999 insofar as not already in force by S.I. 1999/1279, art. 2(a)

Marginal Citations

44 Additional time limits for persons under 18.E+W

F93. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

45 Re-institution of stayed proceedings.E+W

After section 22A of the 1985 Act there shall be inserted the following section—

“22B Re-institution of proceedings stayed under section 22(4) or 22A(5).

(1)This section applies where proceedings for an offence (“the original proceedings”) are stayed by a court under section 22(4) or 22A(5) of this Act.

(2)If—

(a)in the case of proceedings conducted by the Director, the Director or a Chief Crown Prosecutor so directs;

(b)in the case of proceedings conducted by the Director of the Serious Fraud Office, the Commissioners of Inland Revenue or the Commissioners of Customs and Excise, that Director or those Commissioners so direct; or

(c)in the case of proceedings not conducted as mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) above, a person designated for the purpose by the Secretary of State so directs,

fresh proceedings for the offence may be instituted within a period of three months (or such longer period as the court may allow) after the date on which the original proceedings were stayed by the court.

(3)Fresh proceedings shall be instituted as follows—

(a)where the original proceedings were stayed by the Crown Court, by preferring a bill of indictment;

(b)where the original proceedings were stayed by a magistrates’ court, by laying an information.

(4)Fresh proceedings may be instituted in accordance with subsections (2) and (3)(b) above notwithstanding anything in section 127(1) of the M4Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 (limitation of time).

(5)Where fresh proceedings are instituted, anything done in relation to the original proceedings shall be treated as done in relation to the fresh proceedings if the court so directs or it was done—

(a)by the prosecutor in compliance or purported compliance with section 3, 4, 7 or 9 of the M5Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996; or

(b)by the accused in compliance or purported compliance with section 5 or 6 of that Act.

(6)Where a person is convicted of an offence in fresh proceedings under this section, the institution of those proceedings shall not be called into question in any appeal against that conviction.”

Marginal Citations

46 Date of first court appearance in bail cases.E+W

(1)In subsection (3) of section 47 of the 1984 Act (bail after arrest), for the words “subsection (4)” there shall be substituted the words “ subsections (3A) and (4) ”.

(2)After that subsection there shall be inserted the following subsection—

“(3A)Where a custody officer grants bail to a person subject to a duty to appear before a magistrates’ court, he shall appoint for the appearance—

(a)a date which is not later than the first sitting of the court after the person is charged with the offence; or

(b)where he is informed by the clerk to the justices for the relevant petty sessions area that the appearance cannot be accommodated until a later date, that later date.”

Commencement Information

I8S. 46 wholly in force at 1.11.1999; S. 46 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121; S. 46 in force at 30.9.1998 in the areas specified in Sch. 2 of the said S.I. by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 3(2), Sch. 2; S. 46 in force at 1.11.1999 insofar as not already in force by S.I. 1999/2976, art. 2

Functions of courts etc.E+W+S

47 Powers of youth courts.E+W

(1)Where a person who appears or is brought before a youth court charged with an offence subsequently attains the age of 18, the youth court may, at any time—

(a)before the start of the trial; F94. . .

F94(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

remit the person for trial F95. . . to a magistrates’ court (other than a youth court) F96. . . .

In this subsection “the start of the trial” shall be construed in accordance with section 22(11B) of the 1985 Act.

(2)Where a person is remitted under subsection (1) above—

(a)he shall have no right of appeal against the order of remission;

(b)the remitting court shall adjourn proceedings in relation to the offence; and

(c)subsections (3) and (4) below shall apply.

(3)The following, namely—

(a)section 128 of the 1980 Act; and

(b)all other enactments (whenever passed) relating to remand or the granting of bail in criminal proceedings,

shall have effect in relation to the remitting court’s power or duty to remand the person on the adjournment as if any reference to the court to or before which the person remanded is to be brought or appear after remand were a reference to the court to which he is being remitted (“the other court”).

(4)The other court may deal with the case in any way in which it would have power to deal with it if all proceedings relating to the offence which took place before the remitting court had taken place before the other court.

(5)After subsection (3) of section 10 of the 1980 Act (adjournment of trial) there shall be inserted the following subsection—

“(3A)A youth court shall not be required to adjourn any proceedings for an offence at any stage by reason only of the fact—

(a)that the court commits the accused for trial for another offence; or

(b)that the accused is charged with another offence.”

F97(6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7)In subsection (2) of section 47 (procedure in youth courts) of the M6Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (“the 1933 Act”), the words from the beginning to “court; and” shall cease to have effect.

Textual Amendments

F94Word and para. (b) in s. 47(1) repealed (25.8.2000) by 2000 c. 6, ss. 165, 168(1), Sch. 12 Pt. I (with Sch. 11 paras. 1, 2)

F95Words in s. 47(1) repealed (25.8.2000) by 2000 c. 6, ss. 165, 168(1), Sch. 12 Pt. I (with Sch. 11 paras. 1, 2)

F97S. 47(6) repealed (18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 37 Pt. 4; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(d)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3), Sch (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

Commencement Information

I9S. 47 wholly in force; S. 47 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

Marginal Citations

48 Youth courts: power of stipendiary magistrates to sit alone.E+W

(1)In paragraph 15 of Schedule 2 to the 1933 Act (constitution of youth courts)—

(a)in paragraph (a), after the word “shall”, in the first place where it occurs, there shall be inserted the words “either consist of a metropolitan stipendiary magistrate sitting alone or” and the word “shall”, in the other place where it occurs, shall cease to have effect;

(b)in paragraph (b), after the words “the chairman” there shall be inserted the words “(where applicable)”; and

(c)in paragraph (c), after the words “the other members” there shall be inserted the words “(where applicable)”.

(2)In paragraph 17 of that Schedule, the words “or, if a metropolitan stipendiary magistrate, may sit alone” shall cease to have effect.

Commencement Information

I10S. 48 wholly in force; S. 48 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

49 Powers of magistrates’ courts exercisable by single justice etc.E+W

(1)The following powers of a magistrates’ court for any area may be exercised by a single justice of the peace for that area, namely—

(a)to extend bail or to impose or vary conditions of bail;

(b)to mark an information as withdrawn;

(c)to dismiss an information, or to discharge an accused in respect of an information, where no evidence is offered by the prosecution;

(d)to make an order for the payment of defence costs out of central funds;

(e)to request a pre-sentence report following a plea of guilty and, for that purpose, to give an indication of the seriousness of the offence;

(f)to request a medical report and, for that purpose, to remand the accused in custody or on bail;

(g)to remit an offender to another court for sentence;

(h)where a person has been granted police bail to appear at a magistrates’ court, to appoint an earlier time for his appearance;

(i)to extend, with the consent of the accused, a custody time limit or an overall time limit;

F98(j). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(k)where an accused has been convicted of an offence, to order him to produce his driving licence;

(l)to give a direction prohibiting the publication of matters disclosed or exempted from disclosure in court;

(m)to give, vary or revoke directions for the conduct of a trial, including directions as to the following matters, namely—

(i)the timetable for the proceedings;

(ii)the attendance of the parties;

(iii)the service of documents (including summaries of any legal arguments relied on by the parties);

(iv)the manner in which evidence is to be given; and

(n)to give, vary or revoke orders for separate or joint trials in the case of two or more accused or two or more informations.

F99(2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F99(3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F99(4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F99(5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

Commencement Information

I11S. 49 wholly in force at 1.11.1999; S. 49 not in force at Royal Assent see s, 121. In force at 31.7.1998 for the purpose of making rules which make such provision as is mentioned in ss.(2) of this section by S.I. 1998/1883, art. 2(b); S. 49 in force at 30.9.1998 in the areas specified in Sch. 2 of the said S.I. by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 3(2), Sch. 2; S. 49 in force at 1.11.1999 insofar as not already in force by S.I. 1999/2976, art. 2

50 Early administrative hearings.E+W

(1)Where a person (“the accused”) has been charged with an offence at a police station, the magistrates’ court before whom he appears or is brought for the first time in relation to the charge may, F100..., consist of a single justice.

[F101(2)At a hearing conducted by a single justice under this section [F102—

(a)]the accused shall be asked whether he wishes [F103to be provided with representation for the purposes of the proceedings under Part 1 of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012, and

(b)if he indicates that he does, the necessary arrangements must be made for him to apply for it and, where appropriate, obtain it.]

F104(2A). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .]

(3)At such a hearing the single justice—

(a)may exercise, subject to subsection (2) above, such of his powers as a single justice as he thinks fit; and

(b)on adjourning the hearing, may remand the accused in custody or on bail.

(4)[F105Where the powers of a single justice are exercised by a person authorised under section 67B(2) of the Courts Act 2003, nothing in subsection (3)(b) above authorises the person] to remand the accused in custody or, without the consent of the prosecutor and the accused, to remand the accused on bail on conditions other than those (if any) previously imposed.

[F106(4A)A hearing conducted by a single justice under this section may be—

(a)adjourned to enable the decision mentioned in subsection (2A) above to be taken, and

(b)subsequently resumed by a single justice.]

F107(5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F100Words in s. 50(1) repealed (18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 16, Sch. 37 Pt. 4; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(d)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F101S. 50(2)(2A) substituted for s. 50(2) (2.10.2006) by The Criminal Defence Service (Representation Orders and Consequential Amendment) Regulations 2006) (S.I. 2006/2493), {reg. 8(2)}

F102Words in s. 50(2) inserted (1.4.2013) by Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c. 10), s. 151(1), Sch. 5 para. 47(2)(a); S.I. 2013/453, art. 3(h) (with savings and transitional provisions in S.I. 2013/534, art. 6)

F103Words in s. 50(2) substituted (1.4.2013) by Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c. 10), s. 151(1), Sch. 5 para. 47(2)(b); S.I. 2013/453, art. 3(h) (with savings and transitional provisions in S.I. 2013/534, art. 6)

F104S. 50(2A) omitted (1.4.2013) by virtue of Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c. 10), s. 151(1), Sch. 5 para. 47(3); S.I. 2013/453, art. 3(h) (with savings and transitional provisions in S.I. 2013/534, art. 6)

F106S. 50(4A) inserted (2.10.2006) by The Criminal Defence Service (Representation Orders and Consequential Amendment) Regulations 2006) (S.I. 2006/2493), {reg. 8(3)}

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C7S. 50 extended (1.11.1999) by S.I. 1999/2784, rule 3(2)

Commencement Information

I12S. 50 wholly in force; S. 50 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

[F10850AOrder of consideration for either-way offencesE+W+S

(1)Where an adult appears or is brought before a magistrates' court charged with an either-way offence (the “relevant offence”), the court shall proceed in the manner described in this section.

(2)If notice is given in respect of the relevant offence under section 51B or 51C below, the court shall deal with the offence as provided in section 51 below.

(3)Otherwise—

(a)if the adult (or another adult with whom the adult is charged jointly with the relevant offence) is or has been sent to the Crown Court for trial for an offence under section 51(2)(a) or 51(2)(c) below—

(i)the court shall first consider the relevant offence under subsection (3), (4), (5) or, as the case may be, (6) of section 51 below and, where applicable, deal with it under that subsection;

(ii)if the adult is not sent to the Crown Court for trial for the relevant offence by virtue of sub-paragraph (i) above, the court shall then proceed to deal with the relevant offence in accordance with sections 17A to 23 of the 1980 Act;

(b)in all other cases—

(i)the court shall first consider the relevant offence under sections 17A to 20 (excluding subsections (8) and (9) of section 20) of the 1980 Act;

(ii)if, by virtue of sub-paragraph (i) above, the court would be required to proceed in relation to the offence as mentioned in section 17A(6), 17B(2)(c) or 20(7) of that Act (indication of guilty plea), it shall proceed as so required (and, accordingly, shall not consider the offence under section 51 or 51A below);

(iii)if sub-paragraph (ii) above does not apply—

(a)the court shall consider the relevant offence under sections 51 and 51A below and, where applicable, deal with it under the relevant section;

(b)if the adult is not sent to the Crown Court for trial for the relevant offence by virtue of paragraph (a) of this sub-paragraph, the court shall then proceed to deal with the relevant offence as contemplated by section 20(9) or, as the case may be, section 21 of the 1980 Act.

(4)Subsection (3) above is subject to any requirement to proceed as mentioned in subsections (2) or (6)(a) of section 22 of the 1980 Act (certain offences where value involved is small).

(5)Nothing in this section shall prevent the court from committing the adult to the Crown Court for sentence pursuant to any enactment, if he is convicted of the relevant offence.]

Textual Amendments

F108S. 50A inserted (18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 17; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

[F10951 Sending cases to the Crown Court: adultsE+W

(1)Where an adult appears or is brought before a magistrates' court (“the court”) charged with an offence and any of the conditions mentioned in subsection (2) below is satisfied, the court shall send him forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the offence.

(2)Those conditions are—

(a)that the offence is an offence triable only on indictment other than one in respect of which notice has been given under section 51B or 51C below;

(b)that the offence is an either-way offence and the court is required under section 20(9)(b), 21, [F11022A(2)(b),] 23(4)(b) or (5) or 25(2D) of the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 to proceed in relation to the offence in accordance with subsection (1) above;

(c)that notice is given to the court under section 51B or 51C below in respect of the offence.

(3)Where the court sends an adult for trial under subsection (1) above, it shall at the same time send him to the Crown Court for trial for any either-way or summary offence with which he is charged and which—

(a)(if it is an either-way offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence mentioned in subsection (1) above; or

(b)(if it is a summary offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence mentioned in subsection (1) above or to the either-way offence, and which fulfils the requisite condition (as defined in subsection (11) below).

(4)Where an adult who has been sent for trial under subsection (1) above subsequently appears or is brought before a magistrates' court charged with an either-way or summary offence which—

(a)appears to the court to be related to the offence mentioned in subsection (1) above; and

(b)(in the case of a summary offence) fulfils the requisite condition,

the court may send him forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the either-way or summary offence.

(5)Where—

(a)the court sends an adult (“A”) for trial under subsection (1) or (3) above;

(b)another adult appears or is brought before the court on the same or a subsequent occasion charged jointly with A with an either-way offence; and

(c)that offence appears to the court to be related to an offence for which A was sent for trial under subsection (1) or (3) above,

the court shall where it is the same occasion, and may where it is a subsequent occasion, send the other adult forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the either-way offence.

(6)Where the court sends an adult for trial under subsection (5) above, it shall at the same time send him to the Crown Court for trial for any either-way or summary offence with which he is charged and which—

(a)(if it is an either-way offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence for which he is sent for trial; and

(b)(if it is a summary offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence for which he is sent for trial or to the either-way offence, and which fulfils the requisite condition.

(7)Where—

(a)the court sends an adult (“A”) for trial under subsection (1), (3) or (5) above; and

(b)a child or young person appears or is brought before the court on the same or a subsequent occasion charged jointly with A with an indictable offence for which A is sent for trial under subsection (1), (3) or (5) above, or an indictable offence which appears to the court to be related to that offence,

the court shall, if it considers it necessary in the interests of justice to do so, send the child or young person forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the indictable offence.

(8)Where the court sends a child or young person for trial under subsection (7) above, it may at the same time send him to the Crown Court for trial for any indictable or summary offence with which he is charged and which—

(a)(if it is an indictable offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence for which he is sent for trial; and

(b)(if it is a summary offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence for which he is sent for trial or to the indictable offence, and which fulfils the requisite condition.

(9)Subsections (7) and (8) above are subject to sections 24A and 24B of the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (which provide for certain cases involving children and young persons to be tried summarily).

(10)The trial of the information charging any summary offence for which a person is sent for trial under this section shall be treated as if the court had adjourned it under section 10 of the 1980 Act and had not fixed the time and place for its resumption.

(11)A summary offence fulfils the requisite condition if it is punishable with imprisonment or involves obligatory or discretionary disqualification from driving.

(12)In the case of an adult charged with an offence—

(a)if the offence satisfies paragraph (c) of subsection (2) above, the offence shall be dealt with under subsection (1) above and not under any other provision of this section or section 51A below;

(b)subject to paragraph (a) above, if the offence is one in respect of which the court is required to, or would decide to, send the adult to the Crown Court under—

(i)subsection (5) above; or

(ii)subsection (6) of section 51A below,

the offence shall be dealt with under that subsection and not under any other provision of this section or section 51A below.

(13)The functions of a magistrates' court under this section, and its related functions under section 51D below, may be discharged by a single justice.]

Textual Amendments

F109Ss. 51-51E substituted for s. 51 (4.4.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 18; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 29(a) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l)); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F110Word in s. 51(2)(b) inserted (12.4.2015) by Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015 (c. 2), ss. 52(2), 95(1)

[F11151ASending cases to the Crown Court: children and young personsE+W

(1)This section is subject to sections 24A and 24B of the Magistrates' Courts Act 1980 (which provide for certain offences involving children or young persons to be tried summarily).

(2)Where a child or young person appears or is brought before a magistrates' court (“the court”) charged with an offence and any of the conditions mentioned in subsection (3) below is satisfied, the court shall send him forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the offence.

(3)Those conditions are—

(a)that the offence falls within subsection (12) below;

(b)that the offence is such as is mentioned in [F112section 249(1)(a) or (b) of the Sentencing Code] (other than one mentioned in paragraph (d) below in relation to which it appears to the court as mentioned there) and the court considers that if he is found guilty of the offence it ought to be possible to sentence him in pursuance of [F113section 251(2) of that Code];

[F114(ba)that the offence is such as is mentioned in section 252A(1)(a) of the Sentencing Code and the court considers that if he is found guilty of the offence it ought to be possible to sentence him under that section to a term of detention of more than two years;]

(c)that notice is given to the court under section 51B or 51C below in respect of the offence;

(d)that the offence is a specified offence (within the meaning [F115given by section 306 of the Sentencing Code]) and it appears to the court that if he is found guilty of the offence [F116the criteria in section 255(1) of that Code for the imposition of an extended sentence of detention] would be met.

(4)Where the court sends a child or young person for trial under subsection (2) above, it may at the same time send him to the Crown Court for trial for any indictable or summary offence with which he is charged and which—

(a)(if it is an indictable offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence mentioned in subsection (2) above; or

(b)(if it is a summary offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence mentioned in subsection (2) above or to the indictable offence, and which fulfils the requisite condition (as defined in subsection (9) below).

(5)Where a child or young person who has been sent for trial under subsection (2) above subsequently appears or is brought before a magistrates' court charged with an indictable or summary offence which—

(a)appears to the court to be related to the offence mentioned in subsection (2) above; and

(b)(in the case of a summary offence) fulfils the requisite condition,

the court may send him forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the indictable or summary offence.

(6)Where—

(a)the court sends a child or young person (“C”) for trial under subsection (2) or (4) above; and

(b)an adult appears or is brought before the court on the same or a subsequent occasion charged jointly with C with an either-way offence for which C is sent for trial under subsection (2) or (4) above, or an either-way offence which appears to the court to be related to that offence,

the court shall where it is the same occasion, and may where it is a subsequent occasion, send the adult forthwith to the Crown Court for trial for the either-way offence.

(7)Where the court sends an adult for trial under subsection (6) above, it shall at the same time send him to the Crown Court for trial for any either-way or summary offence with which he is charged and which—

(a)(if it is an either-way offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence for which he was sent for trial; and

(b)(if it is a summary offence) appears to the court to be related to the offence for which he was sent for trial or to the either-way offence, and which fulfils the requisite condition.

(8)The trial of the information charging any summary offence for which a person is sent for trial under this section shall be treated as if the court had adjourned it under section 10 of the 1980 Act and had not fixed the time and place for its resumption.

(9)A summary offence fulfils the requisite condition if it is punishable with imprisonment or involves obligatory or discretionary disqualification from driving.

(10)In the case of a child or young person charged with an offence—

(a)if the offence satisfies any of the conditions in subsection (3) above, the offence shall be dealt with under subsection (2) above and not under any other provision of this section or section 51 above;

(b)subject to paragraph (a) above, if the offence is one in respect of which the requirements of subsection (7) of section 51 above for sending the child or young person to the Crown Court are satisfied, the offence shall be dealt with under that subsection and not under any other provision of this section or section 51 above.

(11)The functions of a magistrates' court under this section, and its related functions under section 51D below, may be discharged by a single justice.

(12)An offence falls within this subsection if—

(a)it is an offence of homicide;F117. . .

(b)each of the requirements of [F118section 311(1) of the Sentencing Code] would be satisfied with respect to—

(i)the offence; and

(ii)the person charged with it,

if he were convicted of the offence; [F119or

(c)section 29(3) of Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 (minimum sentences in certain cases of using someone to mind a weapon) would apply if he were convicted of the offence.]

Textual Amendments

F111Ss. 51-51E substituted for s. 51 (4.4.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 18; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 29(a) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l)); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F112Words in s. 51A(3)(b) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 156(2)(a) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F113Words in s. 51A(3)(b) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 156(2)(b) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F115Words in s. 51A(3)(d) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 156(3)(a) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F116Words in s. 51A(3)(d) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 156(3)(b) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

F117Word at the end of s. 51A(12)(a) repealed (6.4.2007) by Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006 (c. 38), ss. 49. 65, 66(2), Sch. 1 para. 5, {Sch. 5}; S.I. 2007/858, art. 2(g)(m)(n)(viii)

F118Words in s. 51A(12)(b) substituted (1.12.2020) by Sentencing Act 2020 (c. 17), s. 416(1), Sch. 24 para. 156(4) (with Sch. 27); S.I. 2020/1236, reg. 2

51BNotices in serious or complex fraud casesE+W

(1)A notice may be given by a designated authority under this section in respect of an indictable offence if the authority is of the opinion that the evidence of the offence charged—

(a)is sufficient for the person charged to be put on trial for the offence; and

(b)reveals a case of fraud of such seriousness or complexity that it is appropriate that the management of the case should without delay be taken over by the Crown Court.

(2)That opinion must be certified by the designated authority in the notice.

(3)The notice must also specify the proposed place of trial, and in selecting that place the designated authority must have regard to the same matters as are specified in paragraphs (a) to (c) of section 51D(4) below.

(4)A notice under this section must be given to the magistrates' court at which the person charged appears or before which he is brought.

(5)Such a notice must be given to the magistrates' court before any summary trial begins.

(6)The effect of such a notice is that the functions of the magistrates' court cease in relation to the case, except—

(a)for the purposes of section 51D below;

(b)as provided by [F120regulations under section 19 of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012]; and

(c)as provided by section 52 below.

(7)The functions of a designated authority under this section may be exercised by an officer of the authority acting on behalf of the authority.

(8)A decision to give a notice under this section shall not be subject to appeal or liable to be questioned in any court (whether a magistrates' court or not).

(9)In this section “designated authority” means—

(a)the Director of Public Prosecutions;

(b)the Director of the Serious Fraud Office;

F121(c). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(e)the Secretary of State.

Textual Amendments

F111Ss. 51-51E substituted for s. 51 (4.4.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 18; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 29(a) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l)); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F120Words in s. 51B(6)(b) substituted (1.4.2013) by Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c. 10), s. 151(1), Sch. 5 para. 48; S.I. 2013/453, art. 3(h) (with savings and transitional provisions in S.I. 2013/534, art. 6)

51CNotices in certain cases involving childrenE+W

(1)A notice may be given by the Director of Public Prosecutions under this section in respect of an offence falling within subsection (3) below if he is of the opinion—

(a)that the evidence of the offence would be sufficient for the person charged to be put on trial for the offence;

(b)that a child would be called as a witness at the trial; and

(c)that, for the purpose of avoiding any prejudice to the welfare of the child, the case should be taken over and proceeded with without delay by the Crown Court.

(2)That opinion must be certified by the Director of Public Prosecutions in the notice.

(3)This subsection applies to an offence—

(a)which involves an assault on, or injury or a threat of injury to, a person;

(b)under section 1 of the Children and Young Persons Act 1933 (cruelty to persons under 16);

(c)under the Sexual Offences Act 1956, the Protection of Children Act 1978 or the Sexual Offences Act 2003;

(d)of kidnapping or false imprisonment, or an offence under section 1 or 2 of the Child Abduction Act 1984;

[F122(da)under section 1 or 2 of the Modern Slavery Act 2015;]

[F123(db)under any of sections 136 to 138 and 148 to 150 of the Health and Care Act 2022 (virginity testing and hymenoplasty etc);]

(e)which consists of attempting or conspiring to commit, or of aiding, abetting, counselling, procuring or inciting the commission of, an offence falling within [F124any of paragraphs (a) to (db)] above.

(4)Subsections (4), (5) and (6) of section 51B above apply for the purposes of this section as they apply for the purposes of that.

(5)The functions of the Director of Public Prosecutions under this section may be exercised by an officer acting on behalf of the Director.

(6)A decision to give a notice under this section shall not be subject to appeal or liable to be questioned in any court (whether a magistrates' court or not).

(7)In this section “child” means—

(a)a person who is under the age of 17; or

(b)any person of whom a video recording (as defined in section 63(1) of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999) was made when he was under the age of 17 with a view to its admission as his evidence in chief in the trial referred to in subsection (1) above.

Textual Amendments

F111Ss. 51-51E substituted for s. 51 (4.4.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 18; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 29(a) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l)); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

51DNotice of offence and place of trialE+W

(1)The court shall specify in a notice—

(a)the offence or offences for which a person is sent for trial under section 51 or 51A above; and

(b)the place at which he is to be tried (which, if a notice has been given under section 51B above, must be the place specified in that notice).

(2)A copy of the notice shall be served on the accused and given to the Crown Court sitting at that place.

(3)In a case where a person is sent for trial under section 51 or 51A above for more than one offence, the court shall specify in that notice, for each offence—

(a)the subsection under which the person is so sent; and

(b)if applicable, the offence to which that offence appears to the court to be related.

(4)Where the court selects the place of trial for the purposes of subsection (1) above, it shall have regard to—

(a)the convenience of the defence, the prosecution and the witnesses;

(b)the desirability of expediting the trial; and

(c)any direction given by or on behalf of the Lord Chief Justice with the concurrence of the Lord Chancellor under section 75(1) of the Supreme Court Act 1981.

Textual Amendments

F111Ss. 51-51E substituted for s. 51 (4.4.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 18; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 29(a) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l)); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

51EInterpretation of sections 50A to 51DE+W

For the purposes of sections 50A to 51D above—

(a)“adult” means a person aged 18 or over, and references to an adult include a corporation;

(b)“either-way offence” means an offence triable either way;

(c)an either-way offence is related to an indictable offence if the charge for the either-way offence could be joined in the same indictment as the charge for the indictable offence;

(d)a summary offence is related to an indictable offence if it arises out of circumstances which are the same as or connected with those giving rise to the indictable offence.]

Textual Amendments

F111Ss. 51-51E substituted for s. 51 (4.4.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 18; S.I. 2005/950, art. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 29(a) (with Sch. 2) (as explained (29.7.2005) by S.I. 2005/2122, art. 2; and as amended: (14.7.2008) by 2008 c. 4, Sch. 26 para. 78, Sch. 28 Pt. 2; S.I. 2008/1586, Sch. 1 paras. 48(s), 50(2)(d); (30.11.2009) by S.I. 2009/3111, art. 2; (3.12.2012) by S.I. 2012/2905, art. 4; (3.12.2012) by 2012 c. 10, Sch. 14 para. 17; S.I. 2012/2906, art. 2(l)); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

52 Provisions supplementing section 51 [F125 and 51A].E+W+S

(1)Subject to section 4 of the M7Bail Act 1976, section 41 of the 1980 Act [F126, section 115(1) of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009], regulations under section 22 of the 1985 Act and section 25 of the 1994 Act, the court may send a person for trial under section 51 [F127or 51A] above—

(a)in custody, that is to say, by committing him to custody there to be safely kept until delivered in due course of law; or

(b)on bail in accordance with the M8Bail Act 1976, that is to say, by directing him to appear before the Crown Court for trial.

(2)Where—

(a)the person’s release on bail under subsection (1)(b) above is conditional on his providing one or more sureties; and

(b)in accordance with subsection (3) of section 8 of the M9Bail Act 1976, the court fixes the amount in which a surety is to be bound with a view to his entering into his recognisance subsequently in accordance with subsections (4) and (5) or (6) of that section,

the court shall in the meantime make an order such as is mentioned in subsection (1)(a) above.

(3)The court shall treat as an indictable offence for the purposes of section 51 [F128or 51A] above an offence which is mentioned in the first column of Schedule 2 to the 1980 Act (offences for which the value involved is relevant to the mode of trial) unless it is clear to the court, having regard to any representations made by the prosecutor or the accused, that the value involved does not exceed the relevant sum.

(4)In subsection (3) above “the value involved” and “the relevant sum” have the same meanings as in section 22 of the 1980 Act (certain offences triable either way to be tried summarily if value involved is small).

(5)A magistrates’ court may adjourn any proceedings under section 51 [F129or 51A] above, and if it does so shall remand the accused.

(6)Schedule 3 to this Act (which makes further provision in relation to persons sent to the Crown Court for trial under section 51 [F130or 51A] above) shall have effect.

Textual Amendments

F125Words in s. 52 heading inserted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 5.11.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 69(e); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2012/2574, art. 2(2)(3)(c), Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (4.11.2012) by S.I. 2012/2761, art. 2) (with S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F127Words in s. 52(1) inserted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 69(a); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F128Words in s. 52(3) inserted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 69(b); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F129Words in s. 52(5) inserted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 69(c); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

F130Words in s. 52(6) inserted (9.5.2005 for specified purposes, 18.6.2012 for specified purposes, 28.5.2013 for specified purposes) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 69(d); S.I. 2005/1267, art. 2(1)(2)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2012/1320, art. 4(1)(c)(2)(3) (with art. 5) (see S.I. 2012/2574, art. 4(2) and S.I. 2013/1103, art. 4); S.I. 2013/1103, art. 2(1)(c)(2)(3) (with arts. 3, 4)

Commencement Information

I13S. 52 wholly in force; S. 52 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. S. 52(6) in force at 30.9.1998 for certain purposes by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8); S. 52 in force at 4.1.1999 for the purpose of sending any person for trial under s. 51 from any area specified in Sch. 2 of the said S.I. by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 4(2); S. 52 in force at 15.1.2001 to the extent that it is not already in force by S.I. 2000/3283, art. 2 (with transitional provisions in art. 3)

Marginal Citations

[F13152ARestrictions on reportingE+W+S

(1)Except as provided by this section, it shall not be lawful—

(a)to publish in the United Kingdom a written report of any allocation or sending proceedings in England and Wales; or

(b)to include in a relevant programme for reception in the United Kingdom a report of any such proceedings,

if (in either case) the report contains any matter other than that permitted by this section.

(2)Subject to subsections (3) and (4) below, a magistrates' court may, with reference to any allocation or sending proceedings, order that subsection (1) above shall not apply to reports of those proceedings.

(3)Where there is only one accused and he objects to the making of an order under subsection (2) above, the court shall make the order if, and only if, it is satisfied, after [F132considering] the representations of the accused, that it is in the interests of justice to do so.

(4)Where in the case of two or more accused one of them objects to the making of an order under subsection (2) above, the court shall make the order if, and only if, it is satisfied, after [F133considering] the representations of the accused, that it is in the interests of justice to do so.

(5)An order under subsection (2) above shall not apply to reports of proceedings under subsection (3) or (4) above, but any decision of the court to make or not to make such an order may be contained in reports published or included in a relevant programme before the time authorised by subsection (6) below.

(6)It shall not be unlawful under this section to publish or include in a relevant programme a report of allocation or sending proceedings containing any matter other than that permitted by subsection (7) below—

(a)where, in relation to the accused (or all of them, if there are more than one), the magistrates' court is required to proceed as mentioned in section 20(7) of the 1980 Act, after the court is so required;

(b)where, in relation to the accused (or any of them, if there are more than one), the court proceeds other than as mentioned there, after conclusion of his trial or, as the case may be, the trial of the last to be tried.

(7)The following matters may be contained in a report of allocation or sending proceedings published or included in a relevant programme without an order under subsection (2) above before the time authorised by subsection (6) above—

(a)the identity of the court and the name of the justice or justices;

(b)the name, age, home address and occupation of the accused;

(c)in the case of an accused charged with an offence in respect of which notice has been given to the court under section 51B above, any relevant business information;

(d)the offence or offences, or a summary of them, with which the accused is or are charged;

(e)the names of counsel and solicitors engaged in the proceedings;

(f)where the proceedings are adjourned, the date and place to which they are adjourned;

(g)the arrangements as to bail;

[F134(h)whether, for the purposes of the proceedings, representation was provided to the accused or any of the accused under Part 1 of the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012.]

(8)The addresses that may be published or included in a relevant programme under subsection (7) above are addresses—

(a)at any relevant time; and

(b)at the time of their publication or inclusion in a relevant programme.

(9)The following is relevant business information for the purposes of subsection (7) above—

(a)any address used by the accused for carrying on a business on his own account;

(b)the name of any business which he was carrying on on his own account at any relevant time;

(c)the name of any firm in which he was a partner at any relevant time or by which he was engaged at any such time;

(d)the address of any such firm;

(e)the name of any company of which he was a director at any relevant time or by which he was otherwise engaged at any such time;

(f)the address of the registered or principal office of any such company;

(g)any working address of the accused in his capacity as a person engaged by any such company;

and here “engaged” means engaged under a contract of service or a contract for services.

(10)Subsection (1) above shall be in addition to, and not in derogation from, the provisions of any other enactment with respect to the publication of reports of court proceedings.

(11)In this section—

  • “allocation or sending proceedings” means, in relation to an information charging an indictable offence—

    (a)

    any proceedings in the magistrates' court at which matters are considered under any of the following provisions—

    (i)

    sections 19 to 23 of the 1980 Act;

    (ii)

    section 51, 51A or 52 above;

    (b)

    any proceedings in the magistrates' court before the court proceeds to consider any matter mentioned in paragraph (a) above; and

    (c)

    any proceedings in the magistrates' court at which an application under section 25(2) of the 1980 Act is considered;

  • “publish”, in relation to a report, means publish the report, either by itself or as part of a newspaper or periodical, for distribution to the public;

  • “relevant programme” means a programme included in a programme service (within the meaning of the Broadcasting Act 1990);

  • “relevant time” means a time when events giving rise to the charges to which the proceedings relate occurred.

Textual Amendments

F131Ss. 52A, 52B inserted (18.6.2012 for E.W.S. except for the insertion of s. 52B(4)) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 19(1); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 3(d)(iii)

F132Word in s. 52A(3) substituted (28.6.2022) by Judicial Review and Courts Act 2022 (c. 35), ss. 15(5)(a), 51(3)

F133Word in s. 52A(4) substituted (28.6.2022) by Judicial Review and Courts Act 2022 (c. 35), ss. 15(5)(a), 51(3)

F134S. 52A(7)(h) substituted (1.4.2013) by Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (c. 10), s. 151(1), Sch. 5 para. 49; S.I. 2013/453, art. 3(h) (with savings and transitional provisions in S.I. 2013/534, art. 6)

52BOffences in connection with reportingE+W+S

(1)If a report is published or included in a relevant programme in contravention of section 52A above, each of the following persons is guilty of an offence—

(a)in the case of a publication of a written report as part of a newspaper or periodical, any proprietor, editor or publisher of the newspaper or periodical;

(b)in the case of a publication of a written report otherwise than as part of a newspaper or periodical, the person who publishes it;

(c)in the case of the inclusion of a report in a relevant programme, any body corporate which is engaged in providing the service in which the programme is included and any person having functions in relation to the programme corresponding to those of the editor of a newspaper.

(2)A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 5 on the standard scale.

(3)Proceedings for an offence under this section shall not, in England and Wales, be instituted otherwise than by or with the consent of the Attorney General.

(4)Proceedings for an offence under this section shall not, in Northern Ireland, be instituted otherwise than by or with the consent of the Attorney General for Northern Ireland.

(5)Subsection (11) of section 52A above applies for the purposes of this section as it applies for the purposes of that section.]

Textual Amendments

F131Ss. 52A, 52B inserted (18.6.2012 for E.W.S. except for the insertion of s. 52B(4)) by Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44), s. 336(3)(4), Sch. 3 para. 19(1); S.I. 2012/1320, art. 3(d)(iii)

MiscellaneousE+W

53 Crown Prosecution Service: powers of non-legal staff.E+W

For section 7A of the 1985 Act there shall be substituted the following section—

“7A Powers of non-legal staff.

(1)The Director may designate, for the purposes of this section, members of the staff of the Crown Prosecution Service who are not Crown Prosecutors.

(2)Subject to such exceptions (if any) as may be specified in the designation, a person so designated shall have such of the following as may be so specified, namely—

(a)the powers and rights of audience of a Crown Prosecutor in relation to—

(i)applications for, or relating to, bail in criminal proceedings;

(ii)the conduct of criminal proceedings in magistrates’ courts other than trials;

(b)the powers of such a Prosecutor in relation to the conduct of criminal proceedings not falling within paragraph (a)(ii) above.

(3)A person so designated shall exercise any such powers subject to instructions given to him by the Director.

(4)Any such instructions may be given so as to apply generally.

(5)For the purposes of this section—

(a)“bail in criminal proceedings” has the same meaning as it would have in the M10Bail Act 1976 by virtue of the definition in section 1 of that Act if in that section “offence” did not include an offence to which subsection (6) below applies;

(b)“criminal proceedings” does not include proceedings for an offence to which subsection (6) below applies; and

(c)a trial begins with the opening of the prosecution case after the entry of a plea of not guilty and ends with the conviction or acquittal of the accused.

(6)This subsection applies to an offence if it is triable only on indictment, or is an offence—

(a)for which the accused has elected to be tried by a jury;

(b)which a magistrates’ court has decided is more suitable to be so tried; or

(c)in respect of which a notice of transfer has been given under section 4 of the M11Criminal Justice Act 1987 or section 53 of the M12Criminal Justice Act 1991.

(7)Details of the following for any year, namely—

(a)the criteria applied by the Director in determining whether to designate persons under this section;

(b)the training undergone by persons so designated; and

(c)any general instructions given by the Director under subsection (4) above,

shall be set out in the Director’s report under section 9 of this Act for that year.”

Commencement Information

I14S. 53 wholly in force; S. 53 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

Marginal Citations

54 Bail: increased powers to require security or impose conditions.E+W

(1)In subsection (5) of section 3 of the M13Bail Act 1976 (general provisions as to bail), the words “If it appears that he is unlikely to remain in Great Britain until the time appointed for him to surrender to custody” shall cease to have effect.

(2)In subsection (6) of that section, after paragraph (d) there shall be inserted the following paragraph—

“(e)before the time appointed for him to surrender to custody, he attends an interview with an authorised advocate or authorised litigator, as defined by section 119(1) of the M14Courts and Legal Services Act 1990;”.

(3)In subsection (2) of section 3A of that Act (conditions of bail in the case of police bail), for the words “paragraph (d)” there shall be substituted the words “ paragraph (d) or (e) ”.

Commencement Information

I15S. 54 wholly in force; S. 54 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in art. 5-8)

Marginal Citations

55 Forfeiture of recognizances.E+W

For subsections (1) and (2) of section 120 of the 1980 Act (forfeiture of recognizances) there shall be substituted the following subsections—

“(1)This section applies where—

(a)a recognizance to keep the peace or to be of good behaviour has been entered into before a magistrates’ court; or

(b)any recognizance is conditioned for the appearance of a person before a magistrates’ court, or for his doing any other thing connected with a proceeding before a magistrates’ court.

(1A)If, in the case of a recognizance which is conditioned for the appearance of an accused before a magistrates’ court, the accused fails to appear in accordance with the condition, the court shall—

(a)declare the recognizance to be forfeited;

(b)issue a summons directed to each person bound by the recognizance as surety, requiring him to appear before the court on a date specified in the summons to show cause why he should not be adjudged to pay the sum in which he is bound;

and on that date the court may proceed in the absence of any surety if it is satisfied that he has been served with the summons.

(2)If, in any other case falling within subsection (1) above, the recognizance appears to the magistrates’ court to be forfeited, the court may—

(a)declare the recognizance to be forfeited; and

(b)adjudge each person bound by it, whether as principal or surety, to pay the sum in which he is bound;

but in a case falling within subsection (1)(a) above, the court shall not declare the recognizance to be forfeited except by order made on complaint.”

Commencement Information

I16S. 55 wholly in force; S. 55 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

56 Bail: restrictions in certain cases of homicide or rape.E+W

In subsection (1) of section 25 of the 1994 Act (no bail for defendants charged with or convicted of homicide or rape after previous conviction of such offences), for the words “shall not be granted bail in those proceedings” there shall be substituted the words “ shall be granted bail in those proceedings only if the court or, as the case may be, the constable considering the grant of bail is satisfied that there are exceptional circumstances which justify it ”.

Commencement Information

I17S. 56 wholly in force; S. 56 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 121. In force at 30.9.1998 by S.I. 1998/2327, art. 2(1) (subject to savings in arts. 5-8)

57 Use of live television links at preliminary hearings.E+W

F135. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F135Pt. 3A (ss. 57A-57E) substituted for s. 57 (15.1.2007 except in relation to s. 57C, and so far as not already in force in relation to specified areas at 1.4.2007, 14.11.2008 and 3.10.2011, otherwise 8.10.2012) by Police and Justice Act 2006 (c. 48), ss. 45, 53(1); S.I. 2006/3364, art 2(g) (with art. 4); S.I. 2007/709, art. 3(n); S.I. 2008/2785, art. 2; S.I. 2011/2144, art. 2; S.I. 2012/2373, art. 2(a)

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