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Competition Act 1998

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Competition Act 1998, Chapter IV is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 09 November 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations. Help about Changes to Legislation

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Chapter IVU.K.[F1Appeals before the Tribunal and proceedings and settlements relating to infringements of competition law]

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1Pt. 1 certain functions made exercisable concurrently by 1998 c. 41, s. 67(3) (as substituted (1.5.2004) by The Competition Act 1998 and Other Enactments (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/1261), reg. 1(a), Sch. 2 para. 6(2)(a))

C2Pt. 1 certain functions made exercisable concurrently by 1991 c. 56, s. 31(3) (as substituted (1.5.2004) by The Competition Act 1998 and Other Enactments (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/1261), reg. 1(a), Sch. 2 para. 4(2)(a))

C3Pt. 1 certain functions made exercisable concurrently by S.I. 1992/231 (N.I. 1) art. 46(3) (as substituted (1.5.2004) by The Competition Act 1998 and Other Enactments (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/1261), reg. 1(a), Sch. 2 para. 5(2)(a))

C4Pt. 1 certain functions made exercisable concurrently by 1986 c. 44, s. 36A(3) (as substituted (1.5.2004) by The Competition Act 1998 and Other Enactments (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/1261), reg. 1(a), Sch. 2 para. 1(2)(a))

C6Pt. 1 certain functions made exercisable concurrently by 1989 c. 29, s. 43(3) (as substituted (1.5.2004) by The Competition Act 1998 and Other Enactments (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/1261), reg. 1(a), Sch. 2 para. 3(2)(a))

C7Pt. 1 certain functions made exercisable concurrently by S.I. 1996/275 (N.I. 2), art. 23(3) (as substituted (1.5.2004) by The Competition Act 1998 and Other Enactments (Amendment) Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/1261), reg. 1(a), Sch. 2 para. 9(2)(a))

F2...U.K.

Textual Amendments

F2S. 45 cross-heading omitted (1.4.2014) by virtue of Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), s. 103(3), Sch. 5 para. 220 (with s. 28); S.I. 2014/416, art. 2(1)(d) (with Sch.)

F345 The Competition Commission.U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

[F4Appeals before the Tribunal]U.K.

Textual Amendments

46 Appealable decisions.U.K.

(1)Any party to an agreement in respect of which the [F5CMA] has made a decision may appeal to [F6the Tribunal] against, or with respect to, the decision.

(2)Any person in respect of whose conduct the [F5CMA] has made a decision may appeal to [F6the Tribunal] against, or with respect to, the decision.

[F7(3)In this section “decision” means a decision of the [F5CMA] —

(a)as to whether the Chapter I prohibition has been infringed,

F8(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c)as to whether the Chapter II prohibition has been infringed,

F9(d). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(e)cancelling a block or [F10[F11assimilated] exemption],

F12(f). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(g)not releasing commitments pursuant to a request made under section 31A(4)(b)(i),

(h)releasing commitments under section 31A(4)(b)(ii),

(i)as to the imposition of any penalty under section 36 or as to the amount of any such penalty,

and includes a direction under section 32, 33 or 35 and such other decisions under this Part as may be prescribed.]

(4)Except in the case of an appeal against the imposition, or the amount, of a penalty, the making of an appeal under this section does not suspend the effect of the decision to which the appeal relates.

(5)Part I of Schedule 8 makes further provision about appeals.

Textual Amendments

F6Words in s. 46(1)(2) substituted (1.4.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), s. 279, Sch. 5 para. 2(a); S.I. 2003/766, art. 2, Sch. (with art. 3) (as amended (20.7.2007) by S.I. 2007/1846, reg. 3(2), Sch.)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C9Ss. 46-47 modified (1.3.2000) by S.I. 2000/261, rule 3

Ss. 46-47 modified (1.3.2000) by S.I. 2000/261, rule 6

[F1347 Third party appealsU.K.

[F14(1)A person who does not fall within section 46(1) or (2) may appeal to the Tribunal with respect to—

(a)a decision falling within [F15paragraph (a), (c) or (e)] of section 46(3);

(b)a decision falling within paragraph (g) of section 46(3);

(c)a decision of the [F16CMA] to accept or release commitments under section 31A, or to accept a variation of such commitments other than a variation which is not material in any respect;

(d)a decision of the [F16CMA] to make directions under section 35;

(e)a decision of the [F16CMA] not to make directions under section 35; or

(f)such other decision of the [F16CMA] under this Part as may be prescribed.]

(2)A person may make an appeal under subsection (1) only if the Tribunal considers that he has a sufficient interest in the decision with respect to which the appeal is made, or that he represents persons who have such an interest.

(3)The making of an appeal under this section does not suspend the effect of the decision to which the appeal relates.]

Textual Amendments

F13S. 47 substituted (20.6.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), ss. 17, 279; S.I. 2003/1397, art. 2(1), Sch. (with art. 5)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C11Ss. 46-47 modified (1.3.2000) by S.I. 2000/261, rule. 3

Ss. 46-47 modified (1.3.2000) by S.I. 2000/261, rule 6

[F17Claims for loss or damage: proceedings before the Tribunal]U.K.

Textual Amendments

[F1847A Proceedings before the Tribunal: claims for damages etc.U.K.

(1)A person may make a claim to which this section applies in proceedings before the Tribunal, subject to the provisions of this Act and Tribunal rules.

(2)This section applies to a claim of a kind specified in subsection (3) which a person who has suffered loss or damage may make in civil proceedings brought in any part of the United Kingdom in respect of an infringement decision or an alleged infringement of—

(a)the Chapter I prohibition, [F19or]

(b)the Chapter II prohibition,

F20(c). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F21(d). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3)The claims are—

(a)a claim for damages;

(b)any other claim for a sum of money;

(c)in proceedings in England and Wales or Northern Ireland, a claim for an injunction.

(4)For the purpose of identifying claims which may be made in civil proceedings, any limitation rules or rules relating to prescription that would apply in such proceedings are to be disregarded.

(5)The right to make a claim in proceedings under this section does not affect the right to bring any other proceedings in respect of the claim.

[F22(6)In this Part (except in section 49C) “infringement decision” means—

(a)a decision of the CMA that the Chapter I prohibition or the Chapter II prohibition has been infringed, or

(b)a decision of the Tribunal on an appeal from the decision of the CMA that the Chapter I prohibition or the Chapter II prohibition has been infringed.]]

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

[F2347BCollective proceedings before the TribunalU.K.

(1)Subject to the provisions of this Act and Tribunal rules, proceedings may be brought before the Tribunal combining two or more claims to which section 47A applies (“collective proceedings”).

(2)Collective proceedings must be commenced by a person who proposes to be the representative in those proceedings.

(3)The following points apply in relation to claims in collective proceedings—

(a)it is not a requirement that all of the claims should be against all of the defendants to the proceedings,

(b)the proceedings may combine claims which have been made in proceedings under section 47A and claims which have not, and

(c)a claim which has been made in proceedings under section 47A may be continued in collective proceedings only with the consent of the person who made that claim.

(4)Collective proceedings may be continued only if the Tribunal makes a collective proceedings order.

(5)The Tribunal may make a collective proceedings order only—

(a)if it considers that the person who brought the proceedings is a person who, if the order were made, the Tribunal could authorise to act as the representative in those proceedings in accordance with subsection (8), and

(b)in respect of claims which are eligible for inclusion in collective proceedings.

(6)Claims are eligible for inclusion in collective proceedings only if the Tribunal considers that they raise the same, similar or related issues of fact or law and are suitable to be brought in collective proceedings.

(7)A collective proceedings order must include the following matters—

(a)authorisation of the person who brought the proceedings to act as the representative in those proceedings,

(b)description of a class of persons whose claims are eligible for inclusion in the proceedings, and

(c)specification of the proceedings as opt-in collective proceedings or opt-out collective proceedings (see subsections (10) and (11)).

(8)The Tribunal may authorise a person to act as the representative in collective proceedings—

(a)whether or not that person is a person falling within the class of persons described in the collective proceedings order for those proceedings (a “class member”), but

(b)only if the Tribunal considers that it is just and reasonable for that person to act as a representative in those proceedings.

(9)The Tribunal may vary or revoke a collective proceedings order at any time.

(10)“Opt-in collective proceedings” are collective proceedings which are brought on behalf of each class member who opts in by notifying the representative, in a manner and by a time specified, that the claim should be included in the collective proceedings.

(11)“Opt-out collective proceedings” are collective proceedings which are brought on behalf of each class member except—

(a)any class member who opts out by notifying the representative, in a manner and by a time specified, that the claim should not be included in the collective proceedings, and

(b)any class member who—

(i)is not domiciled in the United Kingdom at a time specified, and

(ii)does not, in a manner and by a time specified, opt in by notifying the representative that the claim should be included in the collective proceedings.

(12)Where the Tribunal gives a judgment or makes an order in collective proceedings, the judgment or order is binding on all represented persons, except as otherwise specified.

(13)The right to make a claim in collective proceedings does not affect the right to bring any other proceedings in respect of the claim.

(14)In this section and in section 47C, “specified” means specified in a direction made by the Tribunal.

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

[F2447CCollective proceedings: damages and costsU.K.

F25(1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2)The Tribunal may make an award of damages in collective proceedings without undertaking an assessment of the amount of damages recoverable in respect of the claim of each represented person.

(3)Where the Tribunal makes an award of damages in opt-out collective proceedings, the Tribunal must make an order providing for the damages to be paid on behalf of the represented persons to—

(a)the representative, or

(b)such person other than a represented person as the Tribunal thinks fit.

(4)Where the Tribunal makes an award of damages in opt-in collective proceedings, the Tribunal may make an order as described in subsection (3).

(5)Subject to subsection (6), where the Tribunal makes an award of damages in opt-out collective proceedings, any damages not claimed by the represented persons within a specified period must be paid to the charity for the time being prescribed by order made by the Lord Chancellor under section 194(8) of the Legal Services Act 2007.

(6)In a case within subsection (5) the Tribunal may order that all or part of any damages not claimed by the represented persons within a specified period is instead to be paid to the representative in respect of all or part of the costs or expenses incurred by the representative in connection with the proceedings.

(7)The Secretary of State may by order amend subsection (5) so as to substitute a different charity for the one for the time being specified in that subsection.

(8)A damages-based agreement is unenforceable if it relates to opt-out collective proceedings.

(9)In this section—

(a)“charity” means a body, or the trustees of a trust, established for charitable purposes only;

(b)“damages” (except in the term “exemplary damages”) includes any sum of money which may be awarded by the Tribunal in collective proceedings (other than costs or expenses);

(c)“damages-based agreement” has the meaning given in section 58AA(3) of the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990.]

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

[F2647DProceedings under section 47A or collective proceedings: injunctions etc.U.K.

(1)An injunction granted by the Tribunal in proceedings under section 47A or in collective proceedings—

(a)has the same effect as an injunction granted by the High Court, and

(b)is enforceable as if it were an injunction granted by the High Court.

(2)In deciding whether to grant an injunction in proceedings under section 47A or in collective proceedings, the Tribunal must—

(a)in proceedings in England and Wales, apply the principles which the High Court would apply in deciding whether to grant an injunction under section 37(1) of the Senior Courts Act 1981, and

(b)in proceedings in Northern Ireland, apply the principles that the High Court would apply in deciding whether to grant an injunction.

(3)Subsection (2) is subject to Tribunal rules which make provision of the kind mentioned in paragraph 15A(3) of Schedule 4 to the Enterprise Act 2002 (undertakings as to damages in relation to claims subject to the fast-track procedure).]

Textual Amendments

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

F2747ELimitation or prescriptive periods for proceedings under section 47A and collective proceedingsU.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

[F28Further provision about claims in respect of loss or damage before a court or the TribunalU.K.

Textual Amendments

47FFurther provision about claims in respect of loss or damage before a court or the TribunalU.K.

Schedule 8A makes further provision about claims in respect of loss or damage before a court or the Tribunal.]

[F29Further appeals from the Tribunal]U.K.

Textual Amendments

F3048 Appeal tribunals.U.K.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F30S. 48 repealed (1.4.2003) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), s. 279, Sch. 5 para. 3, Sch. 26; S.I. 2003/766, art. 2, Sch. (with art. 3) (as amended (20.7.2007) by S.I. 2007/1846, reg. 3(2), Sch.)

[F3149 Further appeals [F32from the Tribunal] U.K.

(1)An appeal lies to the appropriate court—

(a)from a decision of the Tribunal as to the amount of a penalty under section 36; [F33and]

F34(b). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(c)on a point of law arising from any other decision of the Tribunal on an appeal under section 46 or 47.

[F35(1A)An appeal lies to the appropriate court on a point of law arising from a decision of the Tribunal in proceedings under section 47A or in collective proceedings—

(a)as to the award of damages or other sum (other than a decision on costs or expenses), or

(b)as to the grant of an injunction.

(1B)An appeal lies to the appropriate court from a decision of the Tribunal in proceedings under section 47A or in collective proceedings as to the amount of an award of damages or other sum (other than the amount of costs or expenses).

(1C)An appeal under subsection (1A) arising from a decision in respect of a stand-alone claim may include consideration of a point of law arising from a finding of the Tribunal as to an infringement of a prohibition listed in section 47A(2).

(1D)In subsection (1C) “a stand-alone claim” is a claim—

(a)in respect of an alleged infringement of a prohibition listed in section 47A(2), and

(b)made in proceedings under section 47A or included in collective proceedings.]

(2)An appeal under this section—

(a)[F36except as provided by subsection (2A),] may be brought by a party to the proceedings before the Tribunal or by a person who has a sufficient interest in the matter; and

(b)requires the permission of the Tribunal or the appropriate court.

[F37(2A)An appeal from a decision of the Tribunal in respect of a claim included in collective proceedings may be brought only by the representative in those proceedings or by a defendant to that claim.]

(3)In this section “the appropriate court” means the Court of Appeal or, in the case of an appeal from Tribunal proceedings in Scotland, the Court of Session.]

Textual Amendments

F31S. 49 substituted (1.4.2003 for specified purposes, 18.7.2004 in so far as not already in force) by Enterprise Act 2002 (c. 40), s. 279, Sch. 5 para. 4; S.I. 2003/766, art. 2, Sch. (with art. 3) (as amended (20.7.2007) by S.I. 2007/1846, reg. 3(2), Sch.); S.I. 2004/1866, art. 2

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I1S. 49 wholly in force; s. 49 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 76(3); s. 49(3) in force at 1.4.1999 by S.I. 1999/505, art. 2 Sch. 2; s. 49(1)(2) and (4) in force at 1.3.2000 by S.I. 2000/344, art. 2, Sch.

[F38Settlements relating to infringements of competition lawU.K.

Textual Amendments

49ACollective settlements: where a collective proceedings order has been madeU.K.

(1)The Tribunal may, in accordance with this section and Tribunal rules, make an order approving the settlement of claims in collective proceedings (a “collective settlement”) where—

(a)a collective proceedings order has been made in respect of the claims, and

(b)the Tribunal has specified that the proceedings are opt-out collective proceedings.

(2)An application for approval of a proposed collective settlement must be made to the Tribunal by the representative and the defendant in the collective proceedings.

(3)The representative and the defendant must provide agreed details of the claims to be settled by the proposed collective settlement and the proposed terms of that settlement.

(4)Where there is more than one defendant in the collective proceedings, “defendant” in subsections (2) and (3) means such of the defendants as wish to be bound by the proposed collective settlement.

(5)The Tribunal may make an order approving a proposed collective settlement only if satisfied that its terms are just and reasonable.

(6)On the date on which the Tribunal approves a collective settlement—

(a)if the period within which persons may opt out of or (in the case of persons not domiciled in the United Kingdom) opt in to the collective proceedings has expired, subsections (8) and (10) apply so as to determine the persons bound by the settlement;

(b)if that period has not yet expired, subsections (9) and (10) apply so as to determine the persons bound by the settlement.

(7)If the period within which persons may opt out of the collective proceedings expires on a different date from the period within which persons not domiciled in the United Kingdom may opt in to the collective proceedings, the references in subsection (6) to the expiry of a period are to the expiry of whichever of those periods expires later.

(8)Where this subsection applies, a collective settlement approved by the Tribunal is binding on all persons falling within the class of persons described in the collective proceedings order who—

(a)were domiciled in the United Kingdom at the time specified for the purposes of determining domicile in relation to the collective proceedings (see section 47B(11)(b)(i)) and did not opt out of those proceedings, or

(b)opted in to the collective proceedings.

(9)Where this subsection applies, a collective settlement approved by the Tribunal is binding on all persons falling within the class of persons described in the collective proceedings order.

(10)But a collective settlement is not binding on a person who—

(a)opts out by notifying the representative, in a manner and by a time specified, that the claim should not be included in the collective settlement, or

(b)is not domiciled in the United Kingdom at a time specified, and does not, in a manner and by a time specified, opt in by notifying the representative that the claim should be included in the collective settlement.

(11)This section does not affect a person's right to offer to settle opt-in collective proceedings.

(12)In this section and in section 49B, “specified” means specified in a direction made by the Tribunal.]

[F3949BCollective settlements: where a collective proceedings order has not been madeU.K.

(1)The Tribunal may, in accordance with this section and Tribunal rules, make an order approving the settlement of claims (a “collective settlement”) where—

(a)a collective proceedings order has not been made in respect of the claims, but

(b)if collective proceedings were brought, the claims could be made at the commencement of the proceedings (disregarding any limitation or prescriptive period applicable to a claim in collective proceedings).

(2)An application for approval of a proposed collective settlement must be made to the Tribunal by—

(a)a person who proposes to be the settlement representative in relation to the collective settlement, and

(b)the person who, if collective proceedings were brought in respect of the claims, would be a defendant in those proceedings (or, where more than one person would be a defendant in those proceedings, such of those persons as wish to be bound by the proposed collective settlement).

(3)The persons applying to the Tribunal under subsection (2) must provide agreed details of the claims to be settled by the proposed collective settlement and the proposed terms of that settlement.

(4)The Tribunal may make an order approving a proposed collective settlement (see subsection (8)) only if it first makes a collective settlement order.

(5)The Tribunal may make a collective settlement order only—

(a)if it considers that the person described in subsection (2)(a) is a person who, if the order were made, the Tribunal could authorise to act as the settlement representative in relation to the collective settlement in accordance with subsection (7), and

(b)in respect of claims which, if collective proceedings were brought, would be eligible for inclusion in the proceedings (see section 47B(6)).

(6)A collective settlement order must include the following matters—

(a)authorisation of the person described in subsection (2)(a) to act as the settlement representative in relation to the collective settlement, and

(b)description of a class of persons whose claims fall within subsection (5)(b).

(7)The Tribunal may authorise a person to act as the settlement representative in relation to a collective settlement—

(a)whether or not that person is a person falling within the class of persons described in the collective settlement order for that settlement, but

(b)only if the Tribunal considers that it is just and reasonable for that person to act as the settlement representative in relation to that settlement.

(8)Where the Tribunal has made a collective settlement order, it may make an order approving a proposed collective settlement only if satisfied that its terms are just and reasonable.

(9)A collective settlement approved by the Tribunal is binding on all persons falling within the class of persons described in the collective settlement order.

(10)But a collective settlement is not binding on a person who—

(a)opts out by notifying the settlement representative, in a manner and by a time specified, that the claim should not be included in the collective settlement, or

(b)is not domiciled in the United Kingdom at a time specified, and does not, in a manner and by a time specified, opt in by notifying the settlement representative that the claim should be included in the collective settlement.

(11)In this section, “settlement representative” means a person who is authorised by a collective settlement order to act in relation to a collective settlement.]

Textual Amendments

[F4049C Approval of redress schemes by the CMAU.K.

(1)A person may apply to the CMA for approval of a redress scheme.

(2)The CMA may consider an application before the infringement decision to which the redress scheme relates has been made, but may approve the scheme only—

(a)after that decision has been made, or

(b)in the case of a decision of the CMA, at the same time as that decision is made.

(3)In deciding whether to approve a redress scheme, the CMA may take into account the amount or value of compensation offered under the scheme.

(4)The CMA may approve a redress scheme under subsection (2)(b) subject to a condition or conditions requiring the provision of further information about the operation of the scheme (including about the amount or value of compensation to be offered under the scheme or how this will be determined).

(5)If the CMA approves a redress scheme subject to such a condition, it may—

(a)approve the scheme subject to other conditions;

(b)withdraw approval from the scheme if any conditions imposed under subsection (4) or paragraph (a) are not met;

(c)approve a redress scheme as a replacement for the original scheme (but may not approve that scheme subject to conditions).

(6)An approved scheme may not be varied by the CMA or the compensating party.

(7)But, where the CMA approves a redress scheme subject to a condition of the kind mentioned in subsection (4), subsection (6) does not prevent further information provided in accordance with the condition from forming part of the terms of the scheme.

(8)The Secretary of State may make regulations relating to the approval of redress schemes, and the regulations may in particular—

(a)make provision as to the procedure governing an application for approval of a redress scheme, including the information to be provided with the application;

(b)provide that the CMA may approve a redress scheme only if it has been devised according to a process specified in the regulations;

(c)provide that the CMA may approve a redress scheme only if it is in a form, or contains terms, specified in the regulations (which may include terms requiring a settlement agreement under the scheme to be in a form, or contain terms, specified in the regulations);

(d)provide that the CMA may approve a redress scheme only if (so far as the CMA can judge from facts known to it) the scheme is intended to be administered in a manner specified in the regulations;

(e)describe factors which the CMA may or must take into account, or may not take into account, in deciding whether to approve a redress scheme.

(9)The CMA must publish guidance with regard to—

(a)applications for approval of redress schemes,

(b)the approval of redress schemes, and

(c)the enforcement of approved schemes, and in particular as to the criteria which the CMA intends to adopt in deciding whether to bring proceedings under section 49E(4).

(10)Guidance under subsection (9) must be approved by the Secretary of State before it is published.

(11)In this section and sections 49D and 49E—

  • “approved scheme” means a redress scheme approved by the CMA,

  • “compensating party” means a person offering compensation under an approved scheme,

  • [F41“infringement decision” means a decision of the CMA that the Chapter I prohibition or the Chapter II prohibition has been infringed,] and

  • “redress scheme” means a scheme under which a person offers compensation in consequence of an infringement decision made in respect of that person.

(12)For the purposes of this section and section 49E, “compensation”—

(a)may be monetary or non-monetary, and

(b)may be offered to persons who have not suffered a loss as a result of the infringement decision to which the redress scheme relates.

Textual Amendments

F40Ss. 49C-49E inserted (3.8.2015 for specified purposes, 1.10.2015 in so far as not already in force) by Consumer Rights Act 2015 (c. 15), s. 100(5), Sch. 8 para. 12; S.I. 2015/1584, art. 3(a); S.I. 2015/1630, art. 3(j)

49DRedress schemes: recovery of costsU.K.

(1)The CMA may require a person making an application for approval of a redress scheme to pay some or all of the CMA's reasonable costs relating to the application.

(2)A requirement to pay costs is imposed by giving that person written notice specifying—

(a)the amount to be paid,

(b)how that amount has been calculated, and

(c)by when that amount must be paid.

(3)A person required to pay costs under this section may appeal to the Tribunal against the amount.

(4)Where costs required to be paid under this section relate to an approved scheme, the CMA may withdraw approval from that scheme if the costs have not been paid by the date specified in accordance with subsection (2)(c).

(5)Costs required to be paid under this section are recoverable by the CMA as a debt.

Textual Amendments

F40Ss. 49C-49E inserted (3.8.2015 for specified purposes, 1.10.2015 in so far as not already in force) by Consumer Rights Act 2015 (c. 15), s. 100(5), Sch. 8 para. 12; S.I. 2015/1584, art. 3(a); S.I. 2015/1630, art. 3(j)

49EEnforcement of approved schemesU.K.

(1)A compensating party is under a duty to comply with the terms of an approved scheme (“the duty”).

(2)The duty is owed to any person entitled to compensation under the terms of the approved scheme.

(3)Where such a person suffers loss or damage as a result of a breach of the duty, the person may bring civil proceedings before the court for damages, an injunction or interdict or any other appropriate relief or remedy.

(4)Where the CMA considers that the compensating party is in breach of the duty, the CMA may bring civil proceedings before the court for an injunction or interdict or any other appropriate relief or remedy.

(5)Subsection (4) is without prejudice to any right that a person has to bring proceedings under subsection (3).

(6)In any proceedings brought under subsection (3) or (4), it is a defence for the compensating party to show that it took all reasonable steps to comply with the duty.

(7)Where the CMA considers that it is no longer appropriate for the compensating party to be subject to the duty, the CMA may give notice in writing to that party stating that it is released from the duty.

(8)Where a person has entered into a settlement agreement with the compensating party, that agreement remains enforceable notwithstanding the release of the compensating party under subsection (7) from the duty.

(9)In this section “the court” means—

(a)in England and Wales, the High Court or the county court,

(b)in Northern Ireland, the High Court or a county court,

(c)in Scotland, the Court of Session or the sheriff.]]

Textual Amendments

F40Ss. 49C-49E inserted (3.8.2015 for specified purposes, 1.10.2015 in so far as not already in force) by Consumer Rights Act 2015 (c. 15), s. 100(5), Sch. 8 para. 12; S.I. 2015/1584, art. 3(a); S.I. 2015/1630, art. 3(j)

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