The Money Laundering Regulations 2007 (revoked)

PART 1 U.K. GENERAL

Citation, commencement etc. U.K.

1.—(1) These Regulations may be cited as the Money Laundering Regulations 2007 and come into force on 15th December 2007.

(2) These Regulations are prescribed for the purposes of sections 168(4)(b) (appointment of persons to carry out investigations in particular cases) and 402(1)(b) (power of the Authority to institute proceedings for certain other offences) of the 2000 Act.

(3) The Money Laundering Regulations 2003 M1 are revoked.

Marginal Citations

M1 S.I. 2003/3075.

Interpretation U.K.

2.—(1) In these Regulations—

“the 2000 Act” means the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000;

“Annex I financial institution” has the meaning given by regulation 22(1);

[F1 “auction platform” has the meaning given by regulation 3(13A);]

“auditor”, except in regulation 17(2)(c) and (d), has the meaning given by regulation 3(4) and (5);

“authorised person” means a person who is authorised for the purposes of the 2000 Act M2 ;

“the Authority” means the [F2 Financial Conduct Authority];

“the banking consolidation directive” means Directive 2006/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14th June 2006 relating to the taking up and pursuit of the business of credit institutions M3 ;

“beneficial owner” has the meaning given by regulation 6;

[F3 “bill payment service provider” means an undertaking which provides a payment service enabling the payment of utility and other household bills;]

“business relationship” means a business, professional or commercial relationship between a relevant person and a customer, which is expected by the relevant person, at the time when contact is established, to have an element of duration;

“cash” means notes, coins or travellers' cheques in any currency;

“casino” has the meaning given by regulation 3(13);

“the Commissioners” means the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs;

“consumer credit financial institution” has the meaning given by regulation 22(1);

“credit institution” has the meaning given by regulation 3(2);

“customer due diligence measures” has the meaning given by regulation 5;

“DETI” means the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment in Northern Ireland;

[F4 “the electronic money directive” means Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16th September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions;]

[F4 “electronic money institution” has the meaning given by regulation 2(1) of the Electronic Money Regulations 2011;]

[F1 “the emission allowance auctioning regulation” means Commission Regulation (EU) No. 1031/2010 of 12 November 2010 on the timing, administration and other aspects of auctioning of greenhouse gas emission allowances pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a scheme for greenhouse gas emission allowances trading within the Community;]

“estate agent” has the meaning given by regulation 3(11);

“external accountant” has the meaning given by regulation 3(7);

“financial institution” has the meaning given by regulation 3(3);

“firm” means any entity, whether or not a legal person, that is not an individual and includes a body corporate and a partnership or other unincorporated association;

“high value dealer” has the meaning given by regulation 3(12);

“the implementing measures directive” means Commission Directive 2006/70/EC of 1st August 2006 laying down implementing measures for the money laundering directive M4 ;

“independent legal professional” has the meaning given by regulation 3(9);

“insolvency practitioner”, except in regulation 17(2)(c) and (d), has the meaning given by regulation 3(6);

“the life assurance consolidation directive” means Directive 2002/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5th November 2002 concerning life assurance M5 ;

“local weights and measures authority” has the meaning given by section 69 of the Weights and Measures Act 1985 M6 (local weights and measures authorities);

“the markets in financial instruments directive” means Directive 2004/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12th April 2004 M7 on markets in financial instruments;

“money laundering” means an act which falls within section 340(11) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 M8 ;

“the money laundering directive” means Directive 2005/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26th October 2005 M9 on the prevention of the use of the financial system for the purpose of money laundering and terrorist financing;

“money service business” means an undertaking which by way of business operates a currency exchange office, transmits money (or any representations of monetary value) by any means or cashes cheques which are made payable to customers;

“nominated officer” means a person who is nominated to receive disclosures under Part 7 of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 M10 (money laundering) or Part 3 of the Terrorism Act 2000 M11 (terrorist property);

“non-EEA state” means a state that is not an EEA state;

“notice” means a notice in writing;

“occasional transaction” means a transaction (carried out other than as part of a business relationship) amounting to 15,000 euro or more, whether the transaction is carried out in a single operation or several operations which appear to be linked;

“the OFT” means the Office of Fair Trading;

“ongoing monitoring” has the meaning given by regulation 8(2);

[F5 “payment services” has the meaning given by regulation 2(1) of the Payment Services Regulations 2009;]

[F6 “person who has a qualifying relationship with a PRA-authorised person” is to be read with section 415B(4) of the 2000 Act;]

[F6 “the PRA” means the Prudential Regulation Authority;]

[F6 “PRA-authorised person” has the meaning given in section 2B(5) of the 2000 Act;]

“regulated market”—

(a)

within the EEA, has the meaning given by point 14 of Article 4(1) of the markets in financial instruments directive; and

(b)

outside the EEA, means a regulated financial market which subjects companies whose securities are admitted to trading to disclosure obligations which are contained in international standards and are equivalent to the specified disclosure obligations;

“relevant person” means a person to whom, in accordance with regulations 3 and 4, these Regulations apply;

“the specified disclosure obligations” means disclosure requirements consistent with—

(a)

Article 6(1) to (4) of Directive 2003/6/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28th January 2003 M12 on insider dealing and market manipulation;

(b)

Articles 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14 and 16 of Directive 2003/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4th November 2003 M13 on the prospectuses to be published when securities are offered to the public or admitted to trading;

(c)

Articles 4 to 6, 14, 16 to 19 and 30 of Directive 2004/109/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15th December 2004 M14 relating to the harmonisation of transparency requirements in relation to information about issuers whose securities are admitted to trading on a regulated market; or

(d)

Community legislation made under the provisions mentioned in sub-paragraphs (a) to (c);

“supervisory authority” in relation to any relevant person means the supervisory authority specified for such a person by regulation 23;

“tax adviser” (except in regulation 11(3)) has the meaning given by regulation 3(8);

[F7 “telecommunication, digital and IT payment service provider” means an undertaking which provides payment services falling within paragraph 1(g) of Schedule 1 to the Payment Services Regulations 2009;]

“terrorist financing” means an offence under—

(a)

section 15 (fund-raising), 16 (use and possession), 17 (funding arrangements), 18 (money laundering) or 63 (terrorist finance: jurisdiction) of the Terrorism Act 2000;

(b)

paragraph 7(2) or (3) of Schedule 3 to the Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 M15 (freezing orders);

(c)

F8 ...

(d)

[F9 regulation 10 of the Al-Qaida (Asset-Freezing) Regulations 2011; or]

(e)

[F10 article 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 16 of the Terrorism (United Nations Measures) Order 2009;]

“trust or company service provider” has the meaning given by regulation 3(10).

(2) In these Regulations, references to amounts in euro include references to equivalent amounts in another currency.

(3) Unless otherwise defined, expressions used in these Regulations and the money laundering directive have the same meaning as in the money laundering directive and expressions used in these Regulations and in the implementing measures directive have the same meaning as in the implementing measures directive.

Textual Amendments

F1 Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (12.12.2011) by The Recognised Auction Platforms Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/2699), regs. 1(2)(a), 11(2)

F2 Words in reg. 2(1) substituted (1.4.2013) by The Financial Services Act 2012 (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/472), Sch. 2 para. 129(a)(i)

F3 Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.11.2009) by The Payment Services Regulations 2009 (S.I. 2009/209), reg. 1(2)(c), Sch. 6 para. 6(a)(i)

F4 Words in reg. 2(1) substituted (9.2.2011 for specified purposes, 30.4.2011 in so far as not already in force) by The Electronic Money Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/99), reg. 1(2), Sch. 4 para. 19(a) (with reg. 3)

F5 Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.11.2009) by The Payment Services Regulations 2009 (S.I. 2009/209), reg. 1(2)(c), Sch. 6 para. 6(a)(ii)

F6 Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.4.2013) by The Financial Services Act 2012 (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/472), Sch. 2 para. 129(a)(ii)

F7 Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (1.11.2009) by The Payment Services Regulations 2009 (S.I. 2009/209), reg. 1(2)(c), Sch. 6 para. 6(a)(iii)

F8 Words in reg. 2(1) revoked (17.12.2010) by Terrorist Asset-Freezing etc. Act 2010 (c. 38), s. 55(1), Sch. 2 Pt. 1

F9 Words in reg. 2(1) substituted (16.11.2011) by The Al-Qaida (Asset-Freezing) Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/2742), reg. 1(1), Sch. 2 para. 2 (with reg. 18)

F10 Words in reg. 2(1) inserted (10.8.2009) by The Terrorism (United Nations Measures) Order (Consequential Amendments) Regulations 2009 (S.I. 2009/1912), regs. 1, 2(b)

Marginal Citations

M2 See section 31(2) of the 2000 Act.

M3 OJ No L 177, 30.6.2006, p. 1.

M4 OJ No L 214, 4.8.2006, p. 29.

M5 OJ No L 345, 19.12.2002, p.1.

M6 1985 c. 72. Section 69(3) was amended by the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994 (c. 39), Schedule 13, paragraph 44.

M7 OJ No L 145, 30.4.2004, p. 1, amended by Directive 2006/31/EC (OJ No L 114, 27.4.06, p. 60).

M8 2002 c. 29.

M9 OJ No L 309, 25.11.2005, p. 15.

M10 2002 c. 29. Part 7 was amended by the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c.15) sections 102 to 106, Schedule 4, paragraphs 168, 173 and 174 and Schedule 17, Part 2, and S.I. 2006/308.

M11 2000 c. 11. Part 3 was amended by the Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (c.24) Schedule 2, Part 3, paragraph 5 and the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005, Schedule 4, paragraphs 125 to 129.

M12 OJ No L 96, 12.4.2003, P. 20.

M13 OJ No L 345, 31.12.2003, P. 69.

M14 OJ No L 390, 31.12.2004, P. 43.

M15 2001 c. 24.

Application of the Regulations U.K.

3.—(1) Subject to regulation 4, these Regulations apply to the following persons acting in the course of business carried on by them in the United Kingdom (“relevant persons”)—

(a) credit institutions;

(b) financial institutions;

(c) auditors, insolvency practitioners, external accountants and tax advisers;

(d) independent legal professionals;

(e) trust or company service providers;

(f) estate agents;

(g) high value dealers;

(h) casinos.

[F11 (1A) Regulations 2, 20, 21, 23, 24, 35 to 42, and 44 to 48 apply to an auction platform acting in the course of business carried on by it in the United Kingdom, and such an auction platform is a relevant person for the purposes of those provisions.]

(2) “Credit institution” means—

(a) a credit institution as defined in [F12 Article 4(1) ] of the banking consolidation directive; or

(b) a branch (within the meaning of Article 4(3) of that directive) located in an EEA state of an institution falling within sub-paragraph (a) (or an equivalent institution whose head office is located in a non-EEA state) wherever its head office is located,

when it accepts deposits or other repayable funds from the public or grants credits for its own account (within the meaning of the banking consolidation directive)[F13 , or when it bids directly in auctions in accordance with the emission allowance auctioning regulation on behalf of its clients].

(3) “Financial institution” means—

(a) an undertaking, including a money service business, when it carries out one or more of the activities listed in points 2 to 12[F14 , 14 and 15 ] of Annex 1 to the banking consolidation directive (the relevant text of which is set out in Schedule 1 to these Regulations), other than—

(i) a credit institution;

[F15 (ii) an undertaking whose only listed activity is as a creditor under an agreement which—

(aa) falls within section 12(a) of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (debtor-creditor-supplier agreements),

(bb) provides fixed sum credit (within the meaning given in section 10 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974 (running-account credit and fixed-sum credit)) in relation to the provision of services, and

(cc) provides financial accommodation by way of deferred payment or payment by instalments over a period not exceeding 12 months;]

[F16 (iii)] an undertaking whose only listed activity is trading for own account in one or more of the products listed in point 7 of Annex 1 to the banking consolidation directive where the undertaking does not have a customer,

and, for this purpose, “customer” means a third party which is not a member of the same group as the undertaking;

(b) an insurance company duly authorised in accordance with the life assurance consolidation directive, when it carries out activities covered by that directive;

[F17 (c) a person, other than a person falling within Article 2 of the markets in financial instruments directive, whose regular occupation or business is the provision to other persons of an investment activity on a professional basis, when providing or performing investment services or activities (within the meaning of that directive) or when bidding directly in auctions in accordance with the emission allowance auctioning regulation on behalf of clients;]

[F18 (ca) a person falling within Article 2(1)(i) of the markets in financial instruments directive, when bidding directly in auctions in accordance with the emission allowance auctioning regulation on behalf of clients of the person’s main business.]

(d) a collective investment undertaking, when marketing or otherwise offering its units or shares;

(e) an insurance intermediary as defined in Article 2(5) of Directive 2002/92/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9th December 2002 M16 on insurance mediation, with the exception of a tied insurance intermediary as mentioned in Article 2(7) of that Directive, when it acts in respect of contracts of long-term insurance within the meaning given by article 3(1) of, and Part II of Schedule 1 to, the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001 M17 ;

(f) a branch located in an EEA state of a person referred to in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e) (or an equivalent person whose head office is located in a non-EEA state), wherever its head office is located, when carrying out any activity mentioned in sub-paragraphs (a) to (e);

(g) the National Savings Bank;

(h) the Director of Savings, when money is raised under the auspices of the Director under the National Loans Act 1968 M18 .

(4) “Auditor” means any firm or individual who is a statutory auditor within the meaning of Part 42 of the Companies Act 2006 M19 (statutory auditors), when carrying out statutory audit work within the meaning of section 1210 of that Act.

(5) Before the entry into force of Part 42 of the Companies Act 2006 the reference in paragraph (4) to—

(a) a person who is a statutory auditor shall be treated as a reference to a person who is eligible for appointment as a company auditor under section 25 of the Companies Act 1989 M20 (eligibility for appointment) or article 28 of the Companies (Northern Ireland) Order 1990 M21 ; and

(b) the carrying out of statutory audit work shall be treated as a reference to the provision of audit services.

(6) “Insolvency practitioner” means any person who acts as an insolvency practitioner within the meaning of section 388 of the Insolvency Act 1986 M22 (meaning of “act as insolvency practitioner”) or article 3 of the Insolvency (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 M23 .

(7) “External accountant” means a firm or sole practitioner who by way of business provides accountancy services to other persons, when providing such services.

(8) “Tax adviser” means a firm or sole practitioner who by way of business provides advice about the tax affairs of other persons, when providing such services.

(9) “Independent legal professional” means a firm or sole practitioner who by way of business provides legal or notarial services to other persons, when participating in financial or real property transactions concerning—

(a) the buying and selling of real property or business entities;

(b) the managing of client money, securities or other assets;

(c) the opening or management of bank, savings or securities accounts;

(d) the organisation of contributions necessary for the creation, operation or management of companies; or

(e) the creation, operation or management of trusts, companies or similar structures,

and, for this purpose, a person participates in a transaction by assisting in the planning or execution of the transaction or otherwise acting for or on behalf of a client in the transaction.

(10) “Trust or company service provider” means a firm or sole practitioner who by way of business provides any of the following services to other persons—

(a) forming companies or other legal persons;

(b) acting, or arranging for another person to act—

(i) as a director or secretary of a company;

(ii) as a partner of a partnership; or

(iii) in a similar position in relation to other legal persons;

(c) providing a registered office, business address, correspondence or administrative address or other related services for a company, partnership or any other legal person or arrangement;

(d) acting, or arranging for another person to act, as—

(i) a trustee of an express trust or similar legal arrangement; or

(ii) a nominee shareholder for a person other than a company whose securities are listed on a regulated market,

when providing such services.

(11) “Estate agent” means—

(a) a firm; or

(b) sole practitioner,

who, or whose employees, carry out estate agency work F19 ..., when in the course of carrying out such work.

[F20 (11A) For the purposes of paragraph (11) “estate agency work” is to be read in accordance with section 1 of the Estate Agents Act 1979 (estate agency work), but for those purposes references in that section to disposing of or acquiring an interest in land are (despite anything in section 2 of that Act) to be taken to include references to disposing of or acquiring an estate or interest in land outside the United Kingdom where that estate or interest is capable of being owned or held as a separate interest.]

(12) “High value dealer” means a firm or sole trader who by way of business trades in goods (including an auctioneer dealing in goods), when he receives, in respect of any transaction, a payment or payments in cash of at least 15,000 euros in total, whether the transaction is executed in a single operation or in several operations which appear to be linked.

(13) “Casino” means the holder of a casino operating licence and, for this purpose, a “casino operating licence” has the meaning given by section 65(2) of the Gambling Act 2005 M24 (nature of licence).

[F21 (13A) “Auction platform” means a platform which auctions two-day spot or five-day futures, within the meanings given by Article 3(4) and (5) of the emission allowance auctioning regulation, when it carries out activities covered by that regulation.]

(14) In the application of this regulation to Scotland, for “real property” in paragraph (9) substitute “ heritable property ”.

Textual Amendments

F11 Reg. 3(1A) inserted (12.12.2011) by The Recognised Auction Platforms Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/2699), regs. 1(2)(a), 11(3)(a)

F12 Words in reg. 3(2)(a) substituted (9.2.2011 for specified purposes, 30.4.2011 in so far as not already in force) by The Electronic Money Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/99), reg. 1(2), Sch. 4 para. 19(b)(i) (with reg. 3)

F13 Words in reg. 3(2) inserted (20.7.2012) by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) (Amendment) Order 2012 (S.I. 2012/1906), arts. 1, 7(a)

F14 Words in reg. 3(3)(a) substituted (9.2.2011 for specified purposes, 30.4.2011 in so far as not already in force) by The Electronic Money Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/99), reg. 1(2), Sch. 4 para. 19(b)(ii) (with reg. 3)

F15 Reg. 3(3)(a)(ii) inserted (1.10.2012) by The Money Laundering (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2298), regs. 1, 3(a)

F16 Reg. 3(3)(a)(iii): reg. 3(3)(a)(ii) renumbered as reg. 3(3)(a)(iii) (1.10.2012) by The Money Laundering (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2298), regs. 1, 3(a)

F17 Reg. 3(3)(c) substituted (20.7.2012) by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) (Amendment) Order 2012 (S.I. 2012/1906), arts. 1, 7(b)

F18 Reg. 3(3)(ca) inserted (20.7.2012) by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) (Amendment) Order 2012 (S.I. 2012/1906), arts. 1, 7(c)

F19 Words in reg. 3(11) omitted (1.10.2012) by virtue of The Money Laundering (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2298), regs. 1, 3(b)

F20 Reg. 3(11A) inserted (1.10.2012) by The Money Laundering (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2298), regs. 1, 3(c)

F21 Reg. 3(13A) inserted (12.12.2011) by The Recognised Auction Platforms Regulations 2011 (S.I. 2011/2699), regs. 1(2)(a), 11(3)(b)

Marginal Citations

M16 OJ No L 9, 15.1.2003, p. 3.

M17 S.I. 2001/544. There are amendments to this Order not relevant to these Regulations.

M18 1968 c. 13.

M19 2006 c. 46.

M20 1989 c. 40.

M21 1990 No.593 (N.I. 5).

M22 1986 c. 45; s388 was amended by section 4 of the Insolvency Act 2000 (c.45), section 11 of the Bankruptcy (Scotland) Act 1993 (c.6), and S.I. 1994/2421, 2002/1240 and 2002/2708.

M23 1989 No. 2405 (NI 19); article 3 was amended by the Insolvency (Northern Ireland) Order 2002 No. 3152 (N.I. 6) and S.R. 1995/225, 2002/334, 2003/550, 2004/307.

M24 See also section 7 on the meaning of “casino” and Part 5 of the Act generally on operating licences

Exclusions U.K.

4.—(1) These Regulations do not apply to the following persons when carrying out any of the following activities—

(a) a society registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 M25 , when it—

(i) issues withdrawable share capital within the limit set by section 6 of that Act (maximum shareholding in society); or

(ii) accepts deposits from the public within the limit set by section 7(3) of that Act (carrying on of banking by societies);

(b) a society registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1969 M26 , when it—

(i) issues withdrawable share capital within the limit set by section 6 of that Act (maximum shareholding in society); or

(ii) accepts deposits from the public within the limit set by section 7(3) of that Act (carrying on of banking by societies);

(c) a person who is (or falls within a class of persons) specified in any of paragraphs 2 to 23, 25 to 38 or 40 to 49 of the Schedule to the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Exemption) Order 2001 M27 , when carrying out any activity in respect of which he is exempt;

(d) a person who was an exempted person for the purposes of section 45 of the Financial Services Act 1986 M28 (miscellaneous exemptions) immediately before its repeal, when exercising the functions specified in that section;

(e) a person whose main activity is that of a high value dealer, when he engages in financial activity on an occasional or very limited basis as set out in paragraph 1 of Schedule 2 to these Regulations; or

[F22 (f) a person, when he prepares a home report.]

(2) These Regulations do not apply to a person who falls within regulation 3 solely as a result of his engaging in financial activity on an occasional or very limited basis as set out in paragraph 1 of Schedule 2 to these Regulations.

(3) Parts 2 to 5 of these Regulations do not apply to—

(a) the Auditor General for Scotland;

(b) the Auditor General for Wales;

(c) the Bank of England;

(d) the Comptroller and Auditor General;

(e) the Comptroller and Auditor General for Northern Ireland;

(f) the Official Solicitor to the Supreme Court, when acting as trustee in his official capacity;

(g) the Treasury Solicitor.

[F23 (4) In paragraph (1)(f), “home report” means the documents prescribed for the purposes of section 98, 99(1) or 101(2) of the Housing (Scotland) Act 2006.]

Textual Amendments

F22 Reg. 4(1)(f) substituted (1.10.2012) by The Money Laundering (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2298), regs. 1, 4(a)

F23 Reg. 4(4) substituted (1.10.2012) by The Money Laundering (Amendment) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2298), regs. 1, 4(b)

Marginal Citations

M25 1965 c. 12.

M26 1969 c. 24 (N.I.).

M27 S.I. 2001/1201. This Order was amended by S.I. 2001/3623, S.I. 2002/1310, S.I. 2003/47, S.I. 2003/1675, S.I. 2005/592, S.I.2005/2114, S.I.2005/3225, S.I. 2006/2383 and S.I. 2007/125. Paragraphs 1, 24 and 24A exempt respectively the Bank of England, industrial and provident societies and credit unions within the meaning of the Credit Unions (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 (S.I. 1985/1205 (N.I.12) in respect of the activity of accepting deposits. Paragraph 39 exempts insolvency practitioners in respect of any regulated activity mentioned in Article 5(1). Paragraph 24A was inserted by S.I. 2001/3623.

M28 1986 c. 60. This Act was repealed as from 1st December 2001 by S.I. 2001/3649, art.3(1)(c).