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[F1ANNEX II U.K. SCOPE, DEFINITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR VEHICLES IN CATEGORY M1

1. Scope U.K.

1.0. The requirements in this Annex apply to vehicles in categories M 1 . U.K.

[F21.1. The requirements of this Annex do not apply to rearward-facing seats or to any head restraint fitted to such seats.] U.K.

1.2. Head restraints approved according to the requirements of Directive 78/392/EEC shall be deemed to conform with the applicable requirements of this Directive. U.K.

1.3. The rear parts of seats situated in Area 1, or the rear parts of head restraints which conform to the requirements of Paragraph 5.7 of Annex I to Directive 74/60/EEC (which relates to interior fittings), shall be deemed to conform to the corresponding requirements of this Directive. U.K.

2. Definitions U.K.

For the purposes of this Annex

2.1. Approval of a vehicle means the approval of a vehicle type with regard to the strength of the seats and their anchorages, the design of the rear parts of the seat backs and the characteristics of the head restraints; U.K.

2.2. Vehicle type means motor vehicles which do not differ essentially with respect to: U.K.

2.2.1. the structure, shape, dimensions, materials and the mass of the seats, although the seats may differ in covering and colour; differences not exceeding 5 % in the mass of the approved seat type shall not be considered significant; U.K.
2.2.2. the type and dimensions of the adjustment, displacement and locking systems of the seat back and seats and their parts; U.K.
2.2.3. the type and dimensions of the seat anchorages; U.K.
2.2.4. the dimensions, frame, materials and padding of head restraints, although they may differ in colour and covering; U.K.
2.2.5. the type and dimensions of the attachments of the head restraint and the characteristics of the part of the vehicle to which the head restraint is attached, in the case of a separate head restraint; U.K.

[F22.3. Seat means a structure which may or may not be integral with the vehicle structure, complete with trim, intended to seat one adult person. The term covers both an individual seat or part of a bench seat intended to seat one person. U.K.

Depending on its orientation, a seat is defined as follows:

2.3.1. Forward-facing seat means a seat which can be used whilst the vehicle is in motion and which faces towards the front of the vehicle in such a manner that the vertical plane of symmetry of the seat forms an angle of less than + 10 o or - 10 o with the vertical plane of symmetry of the vehicle; U.K.
2.3.2. Rearward-facing seat means a seat which can be used whilst the vehicle is in motion and which faces towards the rear of the vehicle in such a manner that the vertical plane of symmetry of the seat forms an angle of less than + 10 o or - 10 o with the vertical plane of symmetry of the vehicle; U.K.
2.3.3. Side-facing seat means a seat which, with regard to its alignment with the vertical plane of symmetry of the vehicle, does not meet either of the definitions given in 2.3.1 or 2.3.2 above;] U.K.

2.4. Bench seat means a structure complete with trim, intended to seat more than one adult person; U.K.

2.5. Anchorage means the system by which the seat assembly is secured to the vehicle structure, including the affected parts of the vehicle structure; U.K.

2.6. Adjustment system means the device by which the seat or its parts can be adjusted to a position suited to the morphology of the seated occupant. This device may, in particular, permit: U.K.

2.6.1. longitudinal adjustment; U.K.
2.6.2. vertical adjustment; U.K.
2.6.3. angular adjustment; U.K.

2.7. Displacement system means a device by which the seat or one of its parts can be displaced or rotated, without a fixed intermediate position, to permit easy access to the space behind the seat concerned; U.K.

2.8. Locking system means a device ensuring that the seat and its parts are maintained in the position of use; U.K.

F32.9.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .U.K.

2.10. Transverse plane mans a vertical plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle; U.K.

2.1. Longitudinal plane means a plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle; U.K.

2.12. Head restraint means a device whose function is to limit the rearward displacement of an adult occupant's head in relation to his torso in order to reduce the danger of injury to the cervical vertebrae of that occupant in the event of an accident; U.K.

2.12.1. Integrated head restraint means a head restraint formed by the upper part of the seat back. Head restraints meeting the definitions in paragraphs 2.12.2 and 2.12.3 below, but which can only be detached from the seat or the vehicle structure by the use of tools or by the partial or complete removal of the seat covering, meet the present definition; U.K.
2.12.2. Detachable head restraint means a head restraint consisting of a component separable from the seat, designed for insertion and positive retention in the seat back structure; U.K.
2.12.3. [X1Separate head restraint means a head restraint consisting of a component separate from the seat, designed for insertion and/or positive retention in the structure of the vehicle;] U.K.

2.13. R point means the seating reference point as defined in Annex III to Directive 77/649/EEC; U.K.

2.14. Reference line means the line on the manikin reproduced in Figure 1. U.K.

3. Requirements U.K.

3.1. A head restraint shall be mounted on every outboard front seat in every vehicle of category M 1 . (Seats fitted with head restraints, intended for fitment in other seating positions and in other categories of vehicle, may also be approved to this Annex). U.K.

3.2. General requirements applicable to all seats U.K.

3.2.1. Every adjustment and displacement system provided shall incorporate a locking system, which shall operate automatically. Locking systems for armrests or other comfort devices are not necessary unless the presence of such devices will cause additional risk of injury to the occupants of a vehicle in the event of a collision. U.K.
3.2.2. The unlocking control for a device as referred to in Paragraph 2.7 shall be placed on the outside of the seat close to the door. It shall be easily accessible, even to the occupant of the seat immediately behind the seat concerned. U.K.
3.2.3. The rear parts of seats situated in Area 1, defined in Paragraph 8.1.1 of Appendix 1, shall pass the energy dissipation test in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 2 (1) . U.K.
3.2.3.1. This requirement is deemed to be met if, in the tests carried out by the procedure specified in Appendix 2, the deceleration of the headform does not exceed 80g continuously for more than 3 ms. Moreover, no dangerous edge shall occur during or remain after the test. U.K.
3.2.3.2. This requirements of paragraph 3.2.3 shall not apply to rearmost seats or to back-to-back seats. U.K.
3.2.4. The surface of the rear parts of seats shall exhibit no dangerous roughness or sharp edges likely to increase the risk of severity of injury to the occupants (1) . This requirement is considered as satisfied if the surface of the rear parts of seats tested in the conditions specified in Appendix 1 exhibit radii of curvature of not less than: U.K.

These areas are defined in Paragraph 8.1 of Appendix 1.

3.2.4.1. This requirement does not apply to: U.K.
3.2.4.2. In Area 2, defined in Paragraph 8.1.2 of Appendix 1, surfaces may exhibit radii less than 5 mm, but not less than 2.5 mm provided that they pass the energy-dissipation test prescribed in Appendix 2. Moreover, these surfaces must be padded to avoid direct contact of the head with the seat frame structure. U.K.
3.2.4.3. If the areas above contain parts covered with material softer than Shore 50 hardness, the above requirements, with the exception of those relating to the energy-dissipation test in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 2, shall apply only to the rigid parts. U.K.
3.2.5. No failure shall be shown in the seat frame or in the seat anchorage, the adjustment and displacement systems or their locking devices during or after the test prescribed in Paragraphs 2 and 3 of Appendix 1. Permanent deformations, including ruptures, may be accepted provided that these do not increase the risk of injury in the event of a collision and the prescribed loads were sustained. U.K.
3.2.6. No release of the locking systems shall occur during the tests described in Paragraph 3 of Appendix 1. U.K.
3.2.7. After the tests, the displacement systems intended for permitting or facilitating the access of occupants must be in working order; they must be capable, at least once, of being unlocked and must permit the displacement of the seat or the part of the seat for which they are intended. U.K.
3.2.8. Any other displacement systems, as well as adjustment systems and their locking systems are not required to be in working order. U.K.
3.2.9. In the case of seats provided with head restraints, the strength of the seat back and of its locking devices is deemed to meet the requirements set out in Paragraph 2 when, after testing in accordance with Paragraph 4.3.6, no breakage of the seat or seat back has occurred; otherwise, it must be shown that the seat is capable of meeting the requirements set out in Paragraph 2. U.K.
3.2.10. In the case of seats (benches) with more places to sit than head restraints, the test described in Paragraph 2 shall be carried out. U.K.

3.3. Special requirements for seats fitted or capable of being fitted with head restraints. U.K.

3.3.1. The presence of the head restraint must not be an additional cause of danger to the occupants of the vehicle. In particular, it shall not in any position of use exhibit any dangerous roughness or sharp edge liable to increase the risk or seriousness of injury to the occupants. U.K.
3.3.2. Parts of the front and rear faces of the head restraints situated in Area 1, as defined in Paragraph 8.1.1.3 of Appendix 1, shall pass the energy absorption test. U.K.
3.3.2.1. This requirement is deemed to be met if in the tests carried out by the procedure specified in Appendix 2 the deceleration of the headform does not exceed 80g continuously for more than 3 ms. Moreover, no dangerous edge shall occur during or remain after the test. U.K.
3.3.3. Parts of the front and rear faces of head restraints situated in Area 2, as defined in Paragraph 8.1.2 of Appendix 1, shall be so padded as to prevent any direct contact of the head with the components of the structure and shall meet the requirements of Paragraph 3.2.4 applicable to the rear parts of seats situated in Area 2. U.K.
3.3.4. The requirements of Paragraphs 3.3.2 and 3.3.3 shall not apply to parts of rear faces of head restraints designed to be fitted to seats behind which no seat is provided. U.K.
3.3.5. The head restraint shall be secured to the seat or to the vehicle structure in such a way that no rigid and dangerous parts project from the padding of the head restraint or from its attachment to the seat back as a result of the pressure exerted by the head form during the test. U.K.
3.3.6. In the case of a seat fitted with a head restraint, the provisions of Paragraph 3.2.3 may, after agreement of the technical service, be considered to be met if the seat fitted with its head restraint complies with the provisions of Paragraph 3.3.2. U.K.

3.4. Height of head restraints U.K.

3.4.1. The height of head restraints shall be measured as described in Paragraph 5 of Appendix 1. U.K.
3.4.2. For head restraints not adjustable for height, the height shall be not less than 800 mm (2) for front seats and not less than 750 mm (2) for other seating positions. U.K.
3.4.3. For head restraints adjustable for height: U.K.
3.4.3.1. the height shall be not less than 800 mm (2) for front seats and not less than 750 mm (2) for other seating positions; this value shall be obtained in a position between the highest and lowest positions to which adjustment is possible; U.K.
3.4.3.2. there shall be no use position resulting in a height of less than 750 mm (2) ; U.K.
3.4.3.3. in the case of seats other than the front seats the head restraints may be such that they can be displaced to a position resulting in a height of less than 750 mm (2) , provided that such position is clearly recognisable to the occupant as not being intended for the use of the head restraint; U.K.
3.4.3.4. in the case of front seats head restraints may be such that they can be automatically displaced when the seat is not occupied, to a position resulting in a height of less than 750 mm (2) , provided that they automatically return to the position of use when the seat is occupied. U.K.
3.4.4. The dimensions mentioned in paragraphs 3.4.2 and 3.4.3.1 above may be reduced to leave adequate clearance between the head restraint and the interior surface of the roof, the windows or any part of the vehicle structure; however, the clearance shall not exceed 25 mm. In the case of seats fitted with displacement and/or adjustment systems, this shall apply to all seat positions. Furthermore, by way of derogation from paragraph 3.4.3.2, there shall not be any use position resulting in a height lower than 700 mm. U.K.
3.4.5. By derogation to the height requirements mentioned in Paragraphs 3.4.2, 3.4.3.1 and 3.4.3.2, the height of any head restraint designed to be provided in rear centre seats or seating positions shall be not less than 700 mm. U.K.

3.5. In the case of a seat capable of being fitted with a head restraint, the provisions of Paragraphs 3.2.3 and 3.3.2 shall be verified. U.K.

3.5.1. The height of the part of the device on which the head rests, measured as described in Paragraph 5 of Appendix 1, shall in the case of a head restraint adjustable for height be not less than 100 mm. U.K.

3.6. There shall be no gap of more than 60 mm between the seat back and the head restraint in the case of a device not adjustable for height. If the head restraint is adjustable for height it shall, in its lowest position, be not more than 25 mm from the top of the seat back. In the case of seats or bench seats adjustable in height provided with separate head restraints, this requirement shall be verified for all the positions of the seat or bench seat. U.K.

3.7. In the case of head restraints integral with the seat back, the area to be considered is: U.K.

3.8. In the case of head restraints adjustable for height one or more gaps, which regardless of their shape can show a distance a of more than 60 mm when measured as described in Paragraph 7 of Appendix 1, are permitted on the part of the device serving as a head restraint provided that, after the additional test under Paragraph 4.3.3.2 of Appendix 1, the requirements of Paragraph 3.10 are still met. U.K.

3.9. The width of the head restraint shall be such as to provide appropriate support for the head of a person normally seated. As determined according to the procedure described in Paragraph 6 of Appendix 1, the head restraint shall cover an area extending not less than 85 mm to each side of the vertical median plane of the seat for which the head restraint is intended. U.K.

3.10. The head restraint and its anchorage shall be such that the maximum backward displacement X of the head permitted by the head restraint and measured in conformity with the static procedure laid down in Paragraph 4.3 of Appendix 1, is less than 102 mm. U.K.

3.11. The head restraint and its anchorage shall be strong enough to bear without breakage the load specified in Paragraph 4.3.6 of Appendix 1. In the case of head restraints integral with the seatback, the requirements of this paragraph shall apply to the parts of the seat back structure situated above a plane perpendicular to the reference line at 540 mm from the R point. U.K.

3.12. If the head restraint is adjustable, it shall not be possible to raise it beyond the maximum operational height except by deliberate action on the part of the user distinct from any act necessary for its adjustment. U.K.

3.13. The strength of the seat back and of its locking devices is deemed to meet the requirements set out in Paragraph 2 of Appendix 1 when, after testing in accordance with Paragraph 4.3.6 of Appendix 1 no breakage of the seat or seat back has occurred; otherwise, it shall be shown that the seat is capable of meeting the test requirements set out in Paragraph 2 of Appendix 1. U.K.

Appendix 1 Tests and instructions for use

1. General specifications applicable to all tests U.K.

1.1. The seat back, if adjustable, shall be locked in a position corresponding to a rearward inclination as close as possible to 25 o from the vertical of the torso reference line of the manikin shown in Figure 1, unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer. U.K.
1.2. When a seat, its locking mechanism and its installation are identical or symmetrical with respect to another seat on the vehicle, the technical service may test only one such seat. U.K.
1.3. [X1In the case of seats with adjustable head restraints, the tests shall be conducted with the head restraints placed in the most unfavourable position (generally the highest position) allowed by its adjusting system.] U.K.

2. Test of strength of the seat back and its adjustment systems U.K.

2.1. A force producing a moment of 530 Nm in relation to the R point shall be applied longitudinally and rearwards to the upper part of the seat back frame through a component stimulating the back of the manikin. In the case of a bench seat, where part or all of the supporting frame (including that of the head restraints) is common to more than one seating position, the test shall be conducted simultaneously for all those seating positions. U.K.

3. Test of the strength of the seat anchorage and the adjustment, locking and displacement systems U.K.

3.1. [X1A longitudinal horizontal deceleration of not less than 20g shall be applied for 30 ms in the forward direction to the whole shell, or a representative part of the shell, of the vehicle, in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 1 of Appendix 3.] U.K.
3.2. A longitudinal deceleration in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 3.1 shall be applied in the rearward direction. U.K.
3.3. The requirements of Pargraphs 3.1 and 3.2 shall be verified for all positions of the seat. In the case of seats fitted with an adjustable head restraint, the test shall be conducted with the head restraints placed in the most unfavourable position (generally the highest position) allowed by its adjusting system. During the test the seat shall be so positioned that no external factor shall prevent the release of the locking systems. U.K.

These conditions shall be considered to be met if the seat is tested after being adjusted in the following positions:

3.4. In cases where the arrangement of the locking systems is such that, in a seat position other than those defined in Paragraph 3.3, the distribution of the forces on the locking devices and seat anchorages would be less favourable than with either configuration defined in Paragraph 3.3, the tests shall be conducted for that less favourable seating position. U.K.
3.5. The test conditions of paragraph 3.1 shall be considered to be satisfied if, at the request of the manufacturer, they are replaced by a collision test of the complete vehicle in running order against a rigid barrier as laid down in paragraph 2 of Appendix 3 to this Annex. In this case, the seat shall be adjusted for the least favourable conditions of distribution of stresses in the anchorage system as provided for in paragaphs 1.1, 3.3 and 3.4. U.K.

4. Test of the performance of the head restraint U.K.

4.1. If the head restraint is adjustable, it shall be placed in the most unfavourable position (generally the highest position) allowed by its adjustment system. U.K.
4.2. In the case of a bench seat, where part or all of the supporting frame (including that of the head restraints) is common to more than one seating position, the test shall be conducted simultaneously for all those seating positions. U.K.
4.3. Test U.K.
4.3.1. All lines, including the projections of the reference line, shall be drawn in the vertical median plane of the seat or seating position concerned (see Figure 2). U.K.
4.3.2. The displaced reference line is determined by applying to the part simulating the back of the manikin referred to in Figure 2 an initial force producing a rearward moment of 373 Nm about the R point. U.K.
4.3.3. By means of a spherical headform 165 mm in diameter an initial force producing a moment of 373 Nm about the R point is applied at right angles to the displaced reference line at a distance of 65 mm below the top of the head restraint, the reference line being kept in its displaced position as determined in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 4.3.2. U.K.
4.3.3.1. If the presence of gaps prevents the application of the force prescribed in Paragraph 4.3.3 at 65 mm from the top of the head restraint, the distance may be reduced so that the axis of the force passes through the centre line of the frame element nearest to the gap. U.K.
4.3.3.2. In the case described in paragraphs 3.7 and 3.8 of Annex II, the test shall be repeated by applying to each gap, using a sphere of 165 mm in diameter, a force: U.K.

and

4.3.4. The tangent Y to the spherical headform, parallel to the displaced reference line, is determined. U.K.
4.3.5. The distance X provided for in Paragraph 3.10 of Annex II, between the tangent Y and the displaced reference line is measured. U.K.
4.3.6. To check the effectiveness of the head restraint, the initial load specified in Paragraphs 4.3.3 and 4.3.3.2 is increased to 890 N unless the breakage of the seat or seat back occurs earlier. U.K.

5. Determination of the height of the head restraint U.K.

5.1. All lines, including the projection of the reference line, shall be drawn in the vertical median plane of the seat or seating position concerned, the intersection of such plane with the seat determining the contour of the head restraint and of the seat back (see Figure 1a). U.K.
5.2. The manikin described in Annex III to Directive 77/649/EEC shall be placed in a normal position on the seat. U.K.
5.3. The projection of the reference line of the manikin is then, in the seat concerned, drawn in the plane specified in Paragraph 4.3.1. U.K.

The tangent S to the top of the head restraint is drawn perpendicular to the reference line.

5.4. The distance h from the R point to the tangent S is the height to be taken into consideration in implementing the requirements of Paragraph 3.4 of Annex II. U.K.

6. Determination of the width of the head restraint (see Figure 1b) U.K.

6.1. The plane S 1 , perpendicular to the reference line and situated 65 mm below the tangent S defined in Paragraph 5.3, determines a section in the head restraint bounded by the outline C. U.K.
6.2. The width of the head restraint to be taken into consideration in implementing the requirements of Paragraph 3.9 of Annex II is the distance L measured in the plan S 1 between the vertical longitudinal planes p and p′. U.K.
6.3. The width of the head restraint shall if necessary also be determined in the plane perpendicular to the reference line 635 mm above the R point of the seat, this distance being measured along the reference line. U.K.

7. Determination of distance a of head restraint gaps (see Figure 3) U.K.

7.1. The distance a shall be determined for each gap and in relation to the front face of head restraint, by means of a sphere having a diameter of 165 mm. U.K.
7.2. The sphere shall be put into contact with the gap in a point of the gap area which allows the maximum sphere intrusion, considering no load is to be applied. U.K.
7.3. [X1The distance between the two points of contact of the sphere with the gap will constitute the distance a to be considered for the evaluation of the provisions under Paragraphs 3.7 and 3.8 of Annex II.] U.K.

8. Tests for checking energy dissipation on the seat back and head restraint U.K.

8.1. The surfaces of the rear parts of seats to be checked are those situated in the areas defined below which can be contacted by a 165 mm diameter sphere when the seat is mounted in the vehicle. U.K.
8.1.1. Area 1 U.K.
8.1.1.1. In the case of separate seats without head restraints, this area shall include the rear part of the seat back between the longitudinal vertical planes situated at 100 mm on either side of the longitudinal median plane of each designated outboard seating position defined by the manufacturer and above a plane perpendicular to the reference line 100 mm below the top of the seat back. U.K.
8.1.1.2. In the case of bench seats without head restraints, this area shall extend between the longitudinal vertical planes situated at 100 mm on either side of the longitudinal median plane of each designated outboard seating position defined by the manufacturer and above a plane perpendicular to the reference line 100 mm below the top of the seat-back. U.K.
8.1.1.3. In the case of seats or bench seats with head restraints, this area shall extend between the longitudinal vertical planes, on either side of, and 70 mm from the longitudinal median plane of the seat or of the seating position concerned and situated above the plane perpendicular to the reference line 635 mm from the R point. For the test, the head restraint, if adjustable, shall be placed in the most unfavourable position (generally the highest) permitted by its adjustment system. U.K.
8.1.2. Area 2 U.K.
8.1.2.1. In the case of seats or bench seats without head restraints and seats or bench seats with detachable or separate head restraints, Area 2 shall extend above a plane perpendicular to the reference line 100 mm distant from the top of the seat back, other than parts of Area 1. U.K.
8.1.2.2. In the case of seats or bench seats with integrated head restraints, Area 2 shall extend above a plane perpendicular to the reference line 440 mm distant from the R point of the seat or of the seating position concerned, other than parts of Area 1. U.K.
8.1.3. Area 3 U.K.
8.1.3.1. Area 3 is defined as the part of the back of the seat or the bench seats situated above the horizontal planes defined in the third indent of Paragraph 3.2.4.1 of this Annex, excluding parts situated in Area 1 and Area 2. U.K.

9. Equivalent test methods U.K.

If a test method other than those specified in Paragraphs 2, 3, 4 above and Appendix 2 is used, its equivalence shall be proved.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE U.K.

For seats fitted with adjustable head restraints, the manufacturers shall provide instructions on how to operate, adjust, lock and, where appropriate, remove the head restraints.

Appendix 2 Test procedure for checking energy dissipation

1. Installation, test apparatus, recording instruments and procedure U.K.

1.1. Setting up U.K.
1.1.1. The seat, as mounted in the vehicle, shall be firmly secured to the test bench with the attachment parts provided by the manufacturer, so as to remain stationary when the impact is applied. U.K.
1.1.2. The seat-back, if adjustable, shall be locked in the position specified in Paragraph 1.1 of Appendix 1. U.K.
1.1.3. If the seat is fitted with a head restraint, the head restraint shall be mounted on the seat-back as in the vehicle. Where the head restraint is separate, it shall be secured to the part of the vehicle structure to which it is normally attached. U.K.
1.1.4. If the head restraint is adjustable it shall be placed in the most unfavourable position the adjustment device permits. U.K.
1.2. Test apparatus U.K.
1.2.1. This apparatus consists of a pendulum whose pivot is supported by ball-bearings and whose reduced mass (3) at its centre of percussion is 6,8 kg. The lower extremity of the pendulum consists of a rigid headform 165 mm in diameter whose centre is identical with the centre of percussion of the pendulum. U.K.
1.2.2. The headform shall be fitted with two accelerometers and a speed-measuring device, all capable of measuring values in the direction of impact. U.K.
1.3. Recording instruments U.K.

The recording instruments used shall be such that measurements can be made with the following degrees of accuracy:

1.3.1. Acceleration U.K.

accuracy: ± 5 % of the actual value

frequency class of data channel: class 600 corresponding to ISO standard 6487 (1987);

cross-axis sensitivity: ≤ 5 % of the lowest point on the scale.

1.3.2. Speed U.K.

accuracy: ± 2,5 % of the real value;

sensitivity: 0,5 km/h

1.3.3. Time recording U.K.

the instrumentation shall enable the action to be recorded throughout its duration and readings to be made within one-thousandth of a second;

the beginning of the impact at the moment of first contact between the headform and the item being tested shall be detected on the recordings used for analysing the test.

1.4. Test procedure U.K.
1.4.1. Tests on the seat back U.K.

With the seat installed as indicated in Paragraph 1.1 of this Appendix, the direction of impact from the rear towards the front shall be situated in a longitudinal plane at an angle of 45 o from the vertical.

The impact points shall be selected by the test laboratory in Area 1 as defined in Paragraph 8.1.2 of Appendix 1, or if necessary in Area 2 as defined in Paragraph 8.1.2 of Appendix 1, on surfaces exhibiting radii of curvature less than 5 mm.

1.4.2. Tests on the head restraint U.K.

The head restraint shall be fitted and adjusted as indicated in Paragraph 1.1 of this Appendix. Impacts shall be performed on points selected by the test laboratory in Area 1 as defined in Paragraph 8.1.1 of Appendix 1, and possibly in Area 2 as defined in Paragraph 8.1.2 of Appendix 1, on surfaces exhibiting radii of curvature less than 5 mm.

1.4.2.1. For the rear face, the direction of impact from the rear towards the front shall be in a longitudinal plane at an angle of 45 o from the vertical. U.K.
1.4.2.2. For the front face, the direction of impact from the front towards the rear shall be horizontal in a longitudinal plane. U.K.
1.4.2.3. The front and rear zones are respectively bounded by the horizontal plane tangential to the top of the head restraint as determined in Paragraph 5 of Appendix 1. U.K.
1.4.3. The headform shall strike the test item at a speed of 24,1 km/h; this speed shall be achieved either by the mere energy of propulsion or by using an additional impelling device. U.K.

2. Results U.K.

The deceleration rate shall be taken as the average of the readings on the two decelerometers.

3. Equivalent procedures U.K.

(see Paragraph 9 of Appendix 1 of this Annex).

Appendix 3 Method for testing the strength of seat anchorages and their adjustment, locking and displacement systems

1. Test of resistance to inertia effects U.K.

1.1. The seats to be tested shall be mounted on the vehicle body for which they are designed. This vehicle body shall be firmly anchored on a test trolley as prescribed in the following paragraphs. U.K.
1.2. The method used for anchoring the vehicle body on the test trolley shall not result in a reinforcement of the seat anchorages. U.K.
1.3. The seats and their parts shall be adjusted and locked as prescribed in Paragraph 1.1 and in one of the positions described in Paragraph 3.3 or 3.4 or Appendix 1 of this Annex. U.K.
1.4. If the seats of a group do not present essential differences in the sense of Paragraph 2.2 of this Annex, the tests prescribed in Paragraphs 3.1 and 3.2 of Appendix 1 may be carried out with one seat adjusted to its foremost position and the other set adjusted to its rearmost position. U.K.
1.5. The trolley deceleration is measured with data channels of frequency class (CFC) 60 corresponding to the characteristics of international Standard ISO 6487 (1980). U.K.

2. Collision test of the complete vehicle against a rigid barrier U.K.

2.1. The barrier shall consist of a block of reinforced concrete of not less than 3 m width, not less than 1.5 m in height and not less than 0.6 m in thickness. The front face shall be perpendicular to the final part of the run-up track and shall be covered with plywood boards 19 ± 1 mm thick. At least 90 tonnes of earth shall be compressed behind the block of reinforced concrete. The barrier of reinforced concrete and earth may be replaced by obstacles having the same front surface, provided, that they give equivalent results. U.K.
2.2. At the moment of impact the vehicle shall run free. It shall reach the obstacle on a course perpendicular to the collision wall; the maximum lateral misalignment allowed between the vertical median line of the front of the vehicle and the vertical median line of the collision wall shall be ± 30 cm; at the moment of impact the vehicle shall no longer be subjected to the action of any additional steering or propelling device. The speed on impact shall be between 48.3 km/h and 53.1 km/h. U.K.
2.3. The fuel feed system shall be filled with water to a mass equal to 90 % of a full tank as specified by the manufacturer. U.K.
2.3.1. All other systems (brake, cooling, etc.) may be empty; in this case the mass of the liquids shall be offset. U.K.

Figure 1a U.K.

Figure 1b U.K.

Figure 2 U.K.

Figure 3 Determination of Dimension a of Head Restraint Gaps U.K.

Note: Section A-A is to be made in a point of the gap area which allows the maximum sphere intrusion without exerting any load. U.K.

Note: Section A-A is to be made in a point of the gap area which allows the maximum sphere intrusion without exerting any load.] U.K.

(1)

[F1Vehicles of category M 1 are considered to comply with the provisions of paragraphs 3.2.3 and 3.2.4 of this Annex provided that they comply with the provisions of Directive 74/60/EEC.

(2)

Until 1. 10. 1999 for new vehicle types and 1. 10. 2001 for all vehicles, the value of 750 mm shall apply.

(3)

The relationship of the reduced mass m r of the pendulum to the total mass m of the pendulum at a distance a between the centre of percussion and the axis of rotation and at a distance l between the centre of gravity and the axis of rotation is given by the formula: m r  = m. 1/a.]