Council Directive 92/43/EEC
of 21 May 1992
on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora

THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, and in particular Article 130s thereof,
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission,
OJ No C 247, 21. 9. 1988, p. 3 and
OJ No C 195, 3. 8. 1990, p. 1.
Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament,
OJ No C 75, 20. 3. 1991, p. 12.
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee,
OJ No C 31, 6. 2. 1991, p. 25.
Whereas the preservation, protection and improvement of the quality of the environment, including the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora, are an essential objective of general interest pursued by the Community, as stated in Article 130r of the Treaty;
Whereas the European Community policy and action programme on the environment (1987 to 1992) makes provision for measures regarding the conservation of nature and natural resources;
OJ No C 328, 7. 12. 1987, p. 1.
Whereas, the main aim of this Directive being to promote the maintenance of biodiversity, taking account of economic, social, cultural and regional requirements, this Directive makes a contribution to the general objective of sustainable development; whereas the maintenance of such biodiversity may in certain cases require the maintenance, or indeed the encouragement, of human activities;
Whereas, in the European territory of the Member States, natural habitats are continuing to deteriorate and an increasing number of wild species are seriously threatened; whereas given that the threatened habitats and species form part of the Community's natural heritage and the threats to them are often of a transboundary nature, it is necessary to take measures at Community level in order to conserve them;
Whereas, in view of the threats to certain types of natural habitat and certain species, it is necessary to define them as having priority in order to favour the early implementation of measures to conserve them;
Whereas, in order to ensure the restoration or maintenance of natural habitats and species of Community interest at a favourable conservation status, it is necessary to designate special areas of conservation in order to create a coherent European ecological network according to a specified timetable;
Whereas all the areas designated, including those classified now or in the future as special protection areas pursuant to Council Directive 79/409/EEC of 2 April 1979 on the conservation of wild birds, will have to be incorporated into the coherent European ecological network;
OJ No L 103, 25. 4. 1979, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 91/244/ECC (OJ No L 115, 8. 5. 1991, p. 41).
Whereas it is appropriate, in each area designated, to implement the necessary measures having regard to the conservation objectives pursued;
Whereas sites eligible for designation as special areas of conservation are proposed by the Member States but whereas a procedure must nevertheless be laid down to allow the designation in exceptional cases of a site which has not been proposed by a Member State but which the Community considers essential for either the maintenance or the survival of a priority natural habitat type or a priority species;
Whereas an appropriate assessment must be made of any plan or programme likely to have a significant effect on the conservation objectives of a site which has been designated or is designated in future;
Whereas it is recognized that the adoption of measures intended to promote the conservation of priority natural habitats and priority species of Community interest is a common responsibility of all Member States; whereas this may, however, impose an excessive financial burden on certain Member States given, on the one hand, the uneven distribution of such habitats and species throughout the Community and, on the other hand, the fact that the ‘polluter pays’ principle can have only limited application in the special case of nature conservation;
Whereas it is therefore agreed that, in this exceptional case, a contribution by means of Community co-financing should be provided for within the limits of the resources made available under the Community's decisions;
Whereas land-use planning and development policies should encourage the management of features of the landscape which are of major importance for wild fauna and flora;
Whereas a system should be set up for surveillance of the conservation status of the natural habitats and species covered by this Directive;
Whereas a general system of protection is required for certain species of flora and fauna to complement Directive 79/409/EEC; whereas provision should be made for management measures for certain species, if their conservation status so warrants, including the prohibition of certain means of capture or killing, whilst providing for the possibility of derogations on certain conditions;
Whereas, with the aim of ensuring that the implementation of this Directive is monitored, the Commission will periodically prepare a composite report based, inter alia, on the information sent to it by the Member States regarding the application of national provisions adopted under this Directive;
Whereas the improvement of scientific and technical knowledge is essential for the implementation of this Directive; whereas it is consequently appropriate to encourage the necessary research and scientific work;
Whereas technical and scientific progress mean that it must be possible to adapt the Annexes; whereas a procedure should be established whereby the Council can amend the Annexes;
Whereas a regulatory committee should be set up to assist the Commission in the implementation of this Directive and in particular when decisions on Community co-financing are taken;
Whereas provision should be made for supplementary measures governing the reintroduction of certain native species of fauna and flora and the possible introduction of non-native species;
Whereas education and general information relating to the objectives of this Directive are essential for ensuring its effective implementation,
HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:

Definitions
Article 1 For the purpose of this Directive:
(a) conservation means a series of measures required to maintain or restore the natural habitats and the populations of species of wild fauna and flora at a favourable status as defined in (e) and (i);
(b) natural habitats means terrestrial or aquatic areas distinguished by geographic, abiotic and biotic features, whether entirely natural or semi-natural;
(c) natural habitat types of Community interest means those which, within the territory referred to in Article 2:
(i) are in danger of disappearance in their natural range;
or
(ii) have a small natural range following their regression or by reason of their intrinsically restricted area;
or
(iii) present outstanding examples of typical characteristics of one or more of the nine following biogeographical regions: Alpine, Atlantic, Black Sea, Boreal, Continental, Macaronesian, Mediterranean, Pannonian and Steppic.
Substituted by Council Directive 2006/105/EC of 20 November 2006 adapting Directives 73/239/EEC, 74/557/EEC and 2002/83/EC in the field of environment, by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania.
Such habitat types are listed or may be listed in Annex I;
(d) priority natural habitat types means natural habitat types in danger of disappearence, which are present on the territory referred to in Article 2 and for the conservation of which the Community has particular responsibility in view of the proportion of their natural range which falls within the territory referred to in Article 2; these priority natural habitat types are indicated by an asterisk (*) in Annex I;
(e) conservation status of a natural habitat means the sum of the influences acting on a natural habitat and its typical species that may affect its long-term natural distribution, structure and functions as well as the long-term survival of its typical species within the territory referred to in Article 2.
The conservation status of a natural habitat will be taken as ‘favourable’ when:
its natural range and areas it covers within that range are stable or increasing, and
the specific structure and functions which are necessary for its long-term maintenance exist and are likely to continue to exist for the foreseeable future, and
the conservation status of its typical species is favourable as defined in (i);
Substituted by Corrigendum to Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (Official Journal of the European Communities No L 206 of 22 July 1992).
(f) habitat of a species means an environment defined by specific abiotic and biotic factors, in which the species lives at any stage of its biological cycle;
(g) species of Community interest means species which, within the territory referred to in Article 2, are:
(i) endangered, except those species whose natural range is marginal in that territory and which are not endangered or vulnerable in the western palearctic region; or
(ii) vulnerable, i.e. believed likely to move into the endangered category in the near future if the causal factors continue operating; or
(iii) rare, i.e. with small populations that are not at present endangered or vulnerable, but are at risk. The species are located within restricted geographical areas or are thinly scattered over a more extensive range; or
(iv) endemic and requiring particular attention by reason of the specific nature of their habitat and/or the potential impact of their exploitation on their habitat and/or the potential impact of their exploitation on their conservation status.
Such species are listed or may be listed in Annex II and/or Annex IV or V;
(h) priority species means species referred to in (g) (i) for the conservation of which the Community has particular responsibility in view of the proportion of their natural range which falls within the territory referred to in Article 2; these priority species are indicated by an asterisk (*) in Annex II;
(i) conservation status of a species means the sum of the influences acting on the species concerned that may affect the long-term distribution and abundance of its populations within the territory referred to in Article 2;
The conservation status will be taken as ‘favourable’ when:
population dynamics data on the species concerned indicate that it is maintaining itself on a long-term basis as a viable component of its natural habitats, and
the natural range of the species is neither being reduced nor is likely to be reduced for the foreseeable future, and
there is, and will probably continue to be, a sufficiently large habitat to maintain its populations on a long-term basis;
(j) site means a geographically defined area whose extent is clearly delineated;
(k) site of Community importance means a site which, in the biogeographical region or regions to which it belongs, contributes significantly to the maintenance or restoration at a favourable conservation status of a natural habitat type in Annex I or of a species in Annex II and may also contribute significantly to the coherence of Natura 2000 referred to in Article 3, and/or contributes significantly to the maintenance of biological diversity within the biogeographic region or regions concerned.
For animal species ranging over wide areas, sites of Community importance shall correspond to the places within the natural range of such species which present the physical or biological factors essential to their life and reproduction;
(l) special area of conservation means a site of Community importance designated by the Member States through a statutory, administrative and/or contractual act where the necessary conservation measures are applied for the maintenance or restoration, at a favourable conservation status, of the natural habitats and/or the populations of the species for which the site is designated;
(m) specimen means any animal or plant, whether alive or dead, of the species listed in Annex IV and Annex V, any part or derivative thereof, as well as any other goods which appear, from an accompanying document, the packaging or a mark or label, or from any other circumstances, to be parts or derivatives of animals or plants of those species;
(n) the committee means the committee set up pursuant to Article 20.
Article 2 1 The aim of this Directive shall be to contribute towards ensuring bio-diversity through the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora in the European territory of the Member States to which the Treaty applies.
2 Measures taken pursuant to this Directive shall be designed to maintain or restore, at favourable conservation status, natural habitats and species of wild fauna and flora of Community interest.
3 Measures taken pursuant to this Directive shall take account of economic, social and cultural requirements and regional and local characteristics.

Conservation of natural habitats and habitats of species
Article 3 1 A coherent European ecological network of special areas of conservation shall be set up under the title Natura 2000. This network, composed of sites hosting the natural habitat types listed in Annex I and habitats of the species listed in Annex II, shall enable the natural habitat types and the species' habitats concerned to be maintained or, where appropriate, restored at a favourable conservation status in their natural range.
The Natura 2000 network shall include the special protection areas classified by the Member States pursuant to Directive 79/409/EEC.
2 Each Member State shall contribute to the creation of Natura 2000 in proportion to the representation within its territory of the natural habitat types and the habitats of species referred to in paragraph 1. To that effect each Member State shall designate, in accordance with Article 4, sites as special areas of conservation taking account of the objectives set out in paragraph 1.
3 Where they consider it necessary, Member States shall endeavour to improve the ecological coherence of Natura 2000 by maintaining, and where appropriate developing, features of the landscape which are of major importance for wild fauna and flora, as referred to in Article 10.
Article 4 1 On the basis of the criteria set out in Annex III (Stage 1) and relevant scientific information, each Member State shall propose a list of sites indicating which natural habitat types in Annex I and which species in Annex II that are native to its territory the sites host. For animal species ranging over wide areas these sites shall correspond to the places within the natural range of such species which present the physical or biological factors essential to their life and reproduction. For aquatic species which range over wide areas, such sites will be proposed only where there is a clearly identifiable area representing the physical and biological factors essential to their life and reproduction. Where appropriate, Member States shall propose adaptation of the list in the light of the results of the surveillance referred to in Article 11.
The list shall be transmitted to the Commission, within three years of the notification of this Directive, together with information on each site. That information shall include a map of the site, its name, location, extent and the data resulting from application of the criteria specified in Annex III (Stage 1) provided in a format established by the Commission in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 21.
2 On the basis of the criteria set out in Annex III (Stage 2) and in the framework both of each of the nine biogeographical regions referred to in Article 1 (c) (iii) and of the whole of the territory referred to in Article 2 (1), the Commission shall establish, in agreement with each Member State, a draft list of sites of Community importance drawn from the Member States' lists identifying those which host one or more priority natural habitat types or priority species.
Member States whose sites hosting one or more priority natural habitat types and priority species represent more than 5 % of their national territory may, in agreement with the Commission, request that the criteria listed in Annex III (Stage 2) be applied more flexibly in selecting all the sites of Community importance in their territory.
The list of sites selected as sites of Community importance, identifying those which host one or more priority natural habitat types or priority species, shall be adopted by the Commission in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 21.
3 The list referred to in paragraph 2 shall be established within six years of the notification of this Directive.
4 Once a site of Community importance has been adopted in accordance with the procedure laid down in paragraph 2, the Member State concerned shall designate that site as a special area of conservation as soon as possible and within six years at most, establishing priorities in the light of the importance of the sites for the maintenance or restoration, at a favourable conservation status, of a natural habitat type in Annex I or a species in Annex II and for the coherence of Natura 2000, and in the light of the threats of degradation or destruction to which those sites are exposed.
5 As soon as a site is placed on the list referred to in the third subparagraph of paragraph 2 it shall be subject to Article 6 (2), (3) and (4).
Article 5 1 In exceptional cases where the Commission finds that a national list as referred to in Article 4 (1) fails to mention a site hosting a priority natural habitat type or priority species which, on the basis of relevant and reliable scientific information, it considers to be essential for the maintenance of that priority natural habitat type or for the survival of that priority species, a bilateral consultation procedure shall be initiated between that Member State and the Commission for the purpose of comparing the scientific data used by each.
2 If, on expiry of a consultation period not exceeding six months, the dispute remains unresolved, the Commission shall forward to the Council a proposal relating to the selection of the site as a site of Community importance.
3 The Council, acting unanimously, shall take a decision within three months of the date of referral.
4 During the consultation period and pending a Council decision, the site concerned shall be subject to Article 6 (2).
Article 6 1 For special areas of conservation, Member States shall establish the necessary conservation measures involving, if need be, appropriate management plans specifically designed for the sites or integrated into other development plans, and appropriate statutory, administrative or contractual measures which correspond to the ecological requirements of the natural habitat types in Annex I and the species in Annex II present on the sites.
2 Member States shall take appropriate steps to avoid, in the special areas of conservation, the deterioration of natural habitats and the habitats of species as well as disturbance of the species for which the areas have been designated, in so far as such disturbance could be significant in relation to the objectives of this Directive.
3 Any plan or project not directly connected with or necessary to the management of the site but likely to have a significant effect thereon, either individually or in combination with other plans or projects, shall be subject to appropriate assessment of its implications for the site in view of the site's conservation objectives. In the light of the conclusions of the assessment of the implications for the site and subject to the provisions of paragraph 4, the competent national authorities shall agree to the plan or project only after having ascertained that it will not adversely affect the integrity of the site concerned and, if appropriate, after having obtained the opinion of the general public.
4 If, in spite of a negative assessment of the implications for the site and in the absence of alternative solutions, a plan or project must nevertheless be carried out for imperative reasons of overriding public interest, including those of a social or economic nature, the Member State shall take all compensatory measures necessary to ensure that the overall coherence of Natura 2000 is protected. It shall inform the Commission of the compensatory measures adopted.
Where the site concerned hosts a priority natural habitat type and/or a priority species, the only considerations which may be raised are those relating to human health or public safety, to beneficial consequences of primary importance for the environment or, further to an opinion from the Commission, to other imperative reasons of overriding public interest.
Article 7 Obligations arising under Article 6 (2), (3) and (4) of this Directive shall replace any obligations arising under the first sentence of Article 4 (4) of Directive 79/409/EEC in respect of areas classified pursuant to Article 4 (1) or similarly recognized under Article 4 (2) thereof, as from the date of implementation of this Directive or the date of classification or recognition by a Member State under Directive 79/409/EEC, where the latter date is later.
Article 8 1 In parallel with their proposals for sites eligible for designation as special areas of conservation, hosting priority natural habitat types and/or priority species, the Member States shall send, as appropriate, to the Commission their estimates relating to the Community co-financing which they consider necessary to allow them to meet their obligations pursuant to Article 6 (1).
2 In agreement with each of the Member States concerned, the Commission shall identify, for sites of Community importance for which co-financing is sought, those measures essential for the maintenance or re-establishment at a favourable conservation status of the priority natural habitat types and priority species on the sites concerned, as well as the total costs arising from those measures.
3 The Commission, in agreement with the Member States concerned, shall assess the financing, including co-financing, required for the operation of the measures referred to in paragraph 2, taking into account, amongst other things, the concentration on the Member State's territory of priority natural habitat types and/or priority species and the relative burdens which the required measures entail.
4 According to the assessment referred to in paragraphs 2 and 3, the Commission shall adopt, having regard to the available sources of funding under the relevant Community instruments and according to the procedure set out in Article 21, a prioritized action framework of measures involving co-financing to be taken when the site has been designated under Article 4 (4).
5 The measures which have not been retained in the action framework for lack of sufficient resources, as well as those included in the abovementioned action framework which have not received the necessary co-financing or have only been partially co-financed, shall be reconsidered in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 21, in the context of the two-yearly review of the action framework and may, in the maintime, be postponed by the Member States pending such review. This review shall take into account, as appropriate, the new situation of the site concerned.
6 In areas where the measures dependent on co-financing are postponed, Member States shall refrain from any new measures likely to result in deterioration of those areas.
Article 9 The Commission, acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 21, shall periodically review the contribution of Natura 2000 towards achievement of the objectives set out in Article 2 and 3. In this context, a special area of conservation may be considered for declassification where this is warranted by natural developments noted as a result of the surveillance provided for in Article 11.
Article 10 Member States shall endeavour, where they consider it necessary, in their land-use planning and development policies and, in particular, with a view to improving the ecological coherence of the Natura 2000 network, to encourage the management of features of the landscape which are of major importance for wild fauna and flora.
Such features are those which, by virtue of their linear and continuous structure (such as rivers with their banks or the traditional systems for marking field boundaries) or their function as stepping stones (such as ponds or small woods), are essential for the migration, dispersal and genetic exchange of wild species.
Article 11 Member States shall undertake surveillance of the conservation status of the natural habitats and species referred to in Article 2 with particular regard to priority natural habitat types and priority species.

Protection of species
Article 12 1 Member States shall take the requisite measures to establish a system of strict protection for the animal species listed in Annex IV (a) in their natural range, prohibiting:
(a) all forms of deliberate capture or killing of specimens of these species in the wild;
(b) deliberate disturbance of these species, particularly during the period of breeding, rearing, hibernation and migration;
(c) deliberate destruction or taking of eggs from the wild;
(d) deterioration or destruction of breeding sites or resting places.
2 For these species, Member States shall prohibit the keeping, transport and sale or exchange, and offering for sale or exchange, of specimens taken from the wild, except for those taken legally before this Directive is implemented.
3 The prohibition referred to in paragraph 1 (a) and (b) and paragraph 2 shall apply to all stages of life of the animals to which this Article applies.
4 Member States shall establish a system to monitor the incidential capture and killing of the animal species listed in Annex IV (a). In the light of the information gathered, Member States shall take further research or conservation measures as required to ensure that incidental capture and killing does not have a significant negative impact on the species concerned.
Article 13 1 Member States shall take the requisite measures to establish a system of strict protection for the plant species listed in Annex IV (b), prohibiting:
(a) the deliberate picking, collecting, cutting, uprooting or destruction of such plants in their natural range in the wild;
(b) the keeping, transport and sale or exchange and offering for sale or exchange of specimens of such species taken in the wild, except for those taken legally before this Directive is implemented.
2 The prohibitions referred to in paragraph 1 (a) and (b) shall apply to all stages of the biological cycle of the plants to which this Article applies.
Article 14 1 If, in the light of the surveillance provided for in Article 11, Member States deem it necessary, they shall take measures to ensure that the taking in the wild of specimens of species of wild fauna and flora listed in Annex V as well as their exploitation is compatible with their being maintained at a favourable conservation status.
2 Where such measures are deemed necessary, they shall include continuation of the surveillance provided for in Article 11. Such measures may also include in particular:
regulations regarding access to certain property,
temporary or local prohibition of the taking of specimens in the wild and exploitation of certain populations,
regulation of the periods and/or methods of taking specimens,
application, when specimens are taken, of hunting and fishing rules which take account of the conservation of such populations,
establishment of a system of licences for taking specimens or of quotas,
regulation of the purchase, sale, offering for sale, keeping for sale or transport for sale of specimens,
breeding in captivity of animal species as well as artificial propagation of plant species, under strictly controlled conditions, with a view to reducing the taking of specimens of the wild,
assessment of the effect of the measures adopted.
Article 15 In respect of the capture or killing of species of wild fauna listed in Annex V (a) and in cases where, in accordance with Article 16, derogations are applied to the taking, capture or killing of species listed in Annex IV (a), Member States shall prohibit the use of all indiscriminate means capable of causing local disappearance of, or serious disturbance to, populations of such species, and in particular:
(a) use of the means of capture and killing listed in Annex VI (a);
(b) any form of capture and killing from the modes of transport referred to in Annex VI (b).
Article 16 1 Provided that there is no satisfactory alternative and the derogation is not detrimental to the maintenance of the populations of the species concerned at a favourable conservation status in their natural range, Member States may derogate from the provisions of Articles 12, 13, 14 and 15 (a) and (b):
(a) in the interest of protecting wild fauna and flora and conserving natural habitats;
(b) to prevent serious damage, in particular to crops, livestock, forests, fisheries and water and other types of property;
(c) in the interests of public health and public safety, or for other imperative reasons of overriding public interest, including those of a social or economic nature and beneficial consequences of primary importance for the environment;
(d) for the purpose of research and education, of repopulating and re-introducing these species and for the breedings operations necessary for these purposes, including the artificial propagation of plants;
(e) to allow, under strictly supervised conditions, on a selective basis and to a limited extent, the taking or keeping of certain specimens of the species listed in Annex IV in limited numbers specified by the competent national authorities.
2 Member States shall forward to the Commission every two years a report in accordance with the format established by the Committee on the derogations applied under paragraph 1. The Commission shall give its opinion on these derogations within a maximum time limit of 12 months following receipt of the report and shall give an account to the Committee.
3 The reports shall specify:
(a) the species which are subject to the derogations and the reason for the derogation, including the nature of the risk, with, if appropriate, a reference to alternatives rejected and scientific data used;
(b) the means, devices or methods authorized for the capture or killing of animal species and the reasons for their use;
(c) the circumstances of when and where such derogations are granted;
(d) the authority empowered to declare and check that the required conditions obtain and to decide what means, devices or methods may be used, within what limits and by what agencies, and which persons are to carry out the task;
(e) the supervisory measures used and the results obtained.

Information
Article 17 1 Every six years from the date of expiry of the period laid down in Article 23, Member States shall draw up a report on the implementation of the measures taken under this Directive. This report shall include in particular information concerning the conservation measures referred to in Article 6 (1) as well as evaluation of the impact of those measures on the conservation status of the natural habitat types of Annex I and the species in Annex II and the main results of the surveillance referred to in Article 11. The report, in accordance with the format established by the committee, shall be forwarded to the Commission and made accessible to the public.
2 The Commission shall prepare a composite report based on the reports referred to in paragraph 1. This report shall include an appropriate evaluation of the progress achieved and, in particular, of the contribution of Natura 2000 to the achievement of the objectives set out in Article 3. A draft of the part of the report covering the information supplied by a Member State shall be forwarded to the Member State in question for verification. After submission to the committee, the final version of the report shall be published by the Commission, not later than two years after receipt of the reports referred to in paragraph 1, and shall be forwarded to the Member States, the European Parliament, the Council and the Economic and Social Committee.
3 Member States may mark areas designated under this Directive by means of Community notices designed for that purpose by the committee.

Research
Article 18 1 Member States and the Commission shall encourage the necessary research and scientific work having regard to the objectives set out in Article 2 and the obligation referred to in Article 11. They shall exchange information for the purposes of proper coordination of research carried out at Member State and at Community level.
2 Particular attention shall be paid to scientific work necessary for the implementation of Articles 4 and 10, and transboundary cooperative research between Member States shall be encouraged.

Procedure for amending the Annexes
Article 19 Such amendments as are necessary for adapting Annexes I, II, III, V and VI to technical and scientific progress shall be adopted by the Council acting by qualified majority on a proposal from the Commission.
Such amendments as are necessary for adapting Annex IV to technical and scientific progress shall be adopted by the Council acting unanimously on a proposal from the Commission.

Committee
Article 20 The Commission shall be assisted by a committee.
Substituted by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 September 2003 adapting to Council Decision 1999/468/EC the provisions relating to committees which assist the Commission in the exercise of its implementing powers laid down in instruments subject to the procedure referred to in Article 251 of the EC Treaty.
Article 21 1 Where reference is made to this Article, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.
The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months.
Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission (OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23).
2 The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.

Supplementary provisions
Article 22 In implementing the provisions of this Directive, Member States shall:
(a) study the desirability of re-introducing species in Annex IV that are native to their territory where this might contribute to their conservation, provided that an investigation, also taking into account experience in other Member States or elsewhere, has established that such re-introduction contributes effectively to re-establishing these species at a favourable conservation status and that it takes place only after proper consultation of the public concerned;
(b) ensure that the deliberate introduction into the wild of any species which is not native to their territory is regulated so as not to prejudice natural habitats within their natural range or the wild native fauna and flora and, if they consider it necessary, prohibit such introduction. The results of the assessment undertaken shall be forwarded to the committee for information;
(c) promote education and general information on the need to protect species of wild fauna and flora and to conserve their habitats and natural habitats.

Final provisions
Article 23 1 Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive within two years of its notification. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
2 When Member States adopt such measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied by such reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such a reference shall be laid down by the Member States.
3 Member States shall communicate to the Commission the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.
Article 24 This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

ANNEX I NATURAL HABITAT TYPES OF COMMUNITY INTEREST WHOSE CONSERVATION REQUIRES THE DESIGNATION OF SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION

Interpretation
Guidance on the interpretation of habitat types is given in the Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats as approved by the committee set up under Article 20 (‘Habitats Committee’) and published by the European Commission.
The code corresponds to the Natura 2000 code.
The sign ‘*’ indicates priority habitat types.
(+) Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats, version EUR 15/2, adopted by the Habitats Committee on 4 October 1999 and Amendments to the ‘Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats’ with a view to EU enlargement (Hab. 01/11b-rev. 1), adopted by the Habitats Committee on 24 April 2002 after written consultation, European Commission, Directorate General for Environment;

1. COASTAL AND HALOPHYTIC HABITATS

11. Open sea and tidal areas

1110
Sandbanks which are slightly covered by sea water all the time

1120
* Posidonia beds (Posidonion oceanicae)

1130
Estuaries

1140
Mudflats and sandflats not covered by seawater at low tide

1150
* Coastal lagoons

1160
Large shallow inlets and bays

1170
Reefs

1180
Submarine structures made by leaking gases

12. Sea cliffs and shingle or stony beaches

1210
Annual vegetation of drift lines

1220
Perennial vegetation of stony banks

1230
Vegetated sea cliffs of the Atlantic and Baltic Coasts

1240
Vegetated sea cliffs of the Mediterranean coasts with endemic Limonium spp.

1250
Vegetated sea cliffs with endemic flora of the Macaronesian coasts

13. Atlantic and continental salt marshes and salt meadows

1310
Salicornia and other annuals colonizing mud and sand

1320
Spartina swards (Spartinion maritimae)

1330
Atlantic salt meadows (Glauco-Puccinellietalia maritimae)

1340
* Inland salt meadows

14. Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic salt marshes and salt meadows

1410
Mediterranean salt meadows (Juncetalia maritimi)

1420
Mediterranean and thermo-Atlantic halophilous scrubs (Sarcocornetea fruticosi)

1430
Halo-nitrophilous scrubs (Pegano-Salsoletea)

15. Salt and gypsum inland steppes

1510
* Mediterranean salt steppes (Limonietalia)

1520
* Iberian gypsum vegetation (Gypsophiletalia)

1530
* Pannonic salt steppes and salt marshes

16. Boreal Baltic archipelago, coastal and landupheaval areas

1610
Baltic esker islands with sandy, rocky and shingle beach vegetation and sublittoral vegetation

1620
Boreal Baltic islets and small islands

1630
* Boreal Baltic coastal meadows

1640
Boreal Baltic sandy beaches with perennial vegetation

1650
Boreal Baltic narrow inlets

2. COASTAL SAND DUNES AND INLAND DUNES

21. Sea dunes of the Atlantic, North Sea and Baltic coasts

2110
Embryonic shifting dunes

2120
Shifting dunes along the shoreline with Ammophila arenaria (‘white dunes’)

2130
* Fixed coastal dunes with herbaceous vegetation (‘grey dunes’)

2140
* Decalcified fixed dunes with Empetrum nigrum

2150
* Atlantic decalcified fixed dunes (Calluno-Ulicetea)

2160
Dunes with Hippophaë rhamnoides

2170
Dunes with Salix repens ssp. argentea (Salicion arenariae)

2180
Wooded dunes of the Atlantic, Continental and Boreal region

2190
Humid dune slacks

21A0
Machairs (* in Ireland)

22. Sea dunes of the Mediterranean coast

2210
Crucianellion maritimae fixed beach dunes

2220
Dunes with Euphorbia terracina

2230
Malcolmietalia dune grasslands

2240
Brachypodietalia dune grasslands with annuals

2250
* Coastal dunes with Juniperus spp.

2260
Cisto-Lavenduletalia dune sclerophyllous scrubs

2270
* Wooded dunes with Pinus pinea and/or Pinus pinaster

23. Inland dunes, old and decalcified

2310
Dry sand heaths with Calluna and Genista

2320
Dry sand heaths with Calluna and Empetrum nigrum

2330
Inland dunes with open Corynephorus and Agrostis grasslands

2340
* Pannonic inland dunes

3. FRESHWATER HABITATS

31. Standing water

3110
Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals of sandy plains (Littorelletalia uniflorae)

3120
Oligotrophic waters containing very few minerals generally on sandy soils of the West Mediterranean, with Isoetes spp.

3130
Oligotrophic to mesotrophic standing waters with vegetation of the Littorelletea uniflorae and/or of the Isoëto-Nanojuncetea

3140
Hard oligo-mesotrophic waters with benthic vegetation of Chara spp.

3150
Natural eutrophic lakes with Magnopotamion or Hydrocharition — type vegetation

3160
Natural dystrophic lakes and ponds

3170
* Mediterranean temporary ponds

3180
* Turloughs

3190
Lakes of gypsum karst

31A0
* Transylvanian hot-spring lotus beds

32. Running water — sections of water courses with natural or semi-natural dynamics (minor, average and major beds) where the water quality shows no significant deterioration

3210
Fennoscandian natural rivers

3220
Alpine rivers and the herbaceous vegetation along their banks

3230
Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Myricaria germanica

3240
Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Salix elaeagnos

3250
Constantly flowing Mediterranean rivers with Glaucium flavum

3260
Water courses of plain to montane levels with the Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batrachion vegetation

3270
Rivers with muddy banks with Chenopodion rubri p.p. and Bidention p.p. vegetation

3280
Constantly flowing Mediterranean rivers with Paspalo-Agrostidion species and hanging curtains of Salix and Populus alba

3290
Intermittently flowing Mediterranean rivers of the Paspalo-Agrostidion

32A0
Tufa cascades of karstic rivers in the Dinaric Alps

4. TEMPERATE HEATH AND SCRUB

4010
Northern Atlantic wet heaths with Erica tetralix

4020
* Temperate Atlantic wet heaths with Erica ciliaris and Erica tetralix

4030
European dry heaths

4040
* Dry Atlantic coastal heaths with Erica vagans

4050
* Endemic macaronesian heaths

4060
Alpine and Boreal heaths

4070
* Bushes with Pinus mugo and Rhododendron hirsutum (Mugo-Rhododendretum hirsuti)

4080
Sub-Arctic Salix spp. Scrub

4090
Endemic oro-Mediterranean heaths with gorse

40A0
* Subcontinental peri-Pannonic scrub

40B0
Rhodope Potentilla fruticosa thickets

40C0
* Ponto-Sarmatic deciduous thickets

5. SCLEROPHYLLOUS SCRUB (MATORRAL)

51. Sub-Mediterranean and temperate scrub

5110
Stable xerothermophilous formations with Buxus sempervirens on rock slopes (Berberidion p.p.)

5120
Mountain Cytisus purgans formations

5130
Juniperus communis formations on heaths or calcareous grasslands

5140
* Cistus palhinhae formations on maritime wet heaths

52. Mediterranean arborescent matorral

5210
Arborescent matorral with Juniperus spp.

5220
* Arborescent matorral with Zyziphus

5230
* Arborescent matorral with Laurus nobilis

53. Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-steppe brush

5310
Laurus nobilis thickets

5320
Low formations of Euphorbia close to cliffs

5330
Thermo-Mediterranean and pre-desert scrub

54. Phrygana

5410
West Mediterranean clifftop phryganas (Astragalo-Plantaginetum subulatae)

5420
Sarcopoterium spinosum phryganas

5430
Endemic phryganas of the Euphorbio-Verbascion

6. NATURAL AND SEMI-NATURAL GRASSLAND FORMATIONS

61. Natural grasslands

6110
* Rupicolous calcareous or basophilic grasslands of the Alysso-Sedion albi

6120
* Xeric sand calcareous grasslands

6130
Calaminarian grasslands of the Violetalia calaminariae

6140
Siliceous Pyrenean Festuca eskia grasslands

6150
Siliceous alpine and boreal grasslands

6160
Oro-Iberian Festuca indigesta grasslands

6170
Alpine and subalpine calcareous grasslands

6180
Macaronesian mesophile grasslands

6190
Rupicolous pannonic grasslands (Stipo-Festucetalia pallentis)

62. Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies

6210
Semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates (Festuco-Brometalia) (* important orchid sites)

6220
* Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea

6230
* Species-rich Nardus grasslands, on silicious substrates in mountain areas (and submountain areas in Continental Europe)

6240
* Sub-Pannonic steppic grasslands

6250
* Pannonic loess steppic grasslands

6260
* Pannonic sand steppes

6270
* Fennoscandian lowland species-rich dry to mesic grasslands

6280
* Nordic alvar and precambrian calcareous flatrocks

62A0
Eastern sub-Mediterranean dry grasslands (Scorzoneratalia villosae)

62B0
* Serpentinophilous grassland of Cyprus

62C0
* Ponto-Sarmatic steppes

62D0
Oro-Moesian acidophilous grasslands

63. Sclerophillous grazed forests (dehesas)

6310
Dehesas with evergreen Quercus spp.

64. Semi-natural tall-herb humid meadows

6410
Molinia meadows on calcareous, peaty or clayey-silt-laden soils (Molinion caeruleae)

6420
Mediterranean tall humid grasslands of the Molinio-Holoschoenion

6430
Hydrophilous tall herb fringe communities of plains and of the montane to alpine levels

6440
Alluvial meadows of river valleys of the Cnidion dubii

6450
Northern boreal alluvial meadows

6460
Peat grasslands of Troodos

65. Mesophile grasslands

6510
Lowland hay meadows (Alopecurus pratensis, Sanguisorba officinalis)

6520
Mountain hay meadows

6530
* Fennoscandian wooded meadows

6540
Sub-Mediterranean grasslands of the Molinio-Hordeion secalini

7. RAISED BOGS AND MIRES AND FENS

71. Sphagnum acid bogs

7110
* Active raised bogs

7120
Degraded raised bogs still capable of natural regeneration

7130
Blanket bogs (* if active bog)

7140
Transition mires and quaking bogs

7150
Depressions on peat substrates of the Rhynchosporion

7160
Fennoscandian mineral-rich springs and springfens

72. Calcareous fens

7210
* Calcareous fens with Cladium mariscus and species of the Caricion davallianae

7220
* Petrifying springs with tufa formation (Cratoneurion)

7230
Alkaline fens

7240
* Alpine pioneer formations of the Caricion bicoloris-atrofuscae

73. Boreal mires

7310
* Aapa mires

7320
* Palsa mires

8. ROCKY HABITATS AND CAVES

81. Scree

8110
Siliceous scree of the montane to snow levels (Androsacetalia alpinae and Galeopsietalia ladani)

8120
Calcareous and calcshist screes of the montane to alpine levels (Thlaspietea rotundifolii)

8130
Western Mediterranean and thermophilous scree

8140
Eastern Mediterranean screes

8150
Medio-European upland siliceous screes

8160
* Medio-European calcareous scree of hill and montane levels

82. Rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation

8210
Calcareous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation

8220
Siliceous rocky slopes with chasmophytic vegetation

8230
Siliceous rock with pioneer vegetation of the Sedo-Scleranthion or of the Sedo albi-Veronicion dillenii

8240
* Limestone pavements

83. Other rocky habitats

8310
Caves not open to the public

8320
Fields of lava and natural excavations

8330
Submerged or partially submerged sea caves

8340
Permanent glaciers

9. FORESTS
(Sub)natural woodland vegetation comprising native species forming forests of tall trees, with typical undergrowth, and meeting the following criteria: rare or residual, and/or hosting species of Community interest

90. Forests of Boreal Europe

9010
* Western Taïga

9020
* Fennoscandian hemiboreal natural old broad-leaved deciduous forests (Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Fraxinus or Ulmus) rich in epiphytes

9030
* Natural forests of primary succession stages of landupheaval coast

9040
Nordic subalpine/subarctic forests with Betula pubescens ssp. czerepanovii

9050
Fennoscandian herb-rich forests with Picea abies

9060
Coniferous forests on, or connected to, glaciofluvial eskers

9070
Fennoscandian wooded pastures

9080
* Fennoscandian deciduous swamp woods

91. Forests of Temperate Europe

9110
Luzulo-Fagetum beech forests

9120
Atlantic acidophilous beech forests with Ilex and sometimes also Taxus in the shrublayer (Quercion robori-petraeae or Ilici-Fagenion)

9130
Asperulo-Fagetum beech forests

9140
Medio-European subalpine beech woods with Acer and Rumex arifolius

9150
Medio-European limestone beech forests of the Cephalanthero-Fagion

9160
Sub-Atlantic and medio-European oak or oak-hornbeam forests of the Carpinion betuli

9170
Galio-Carpinetum oak-hornbeam forests

9180
* Tilio-Acerion forests of slopes, screes and ravines

9190
Old acidophilous oak woods with Quercus robur on sandy plains

91A0
Old sessile oak woods with Ilex and Blechnum in the British Isles

91B0
Thermophilous Fraxinus angustifolia woods

91C0
* Caledonian forest

91D0
* Bog woodland

91E0
* Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (Alno-Padion, Alnion incanae, Salicion albae)

91F0
Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia, along the great rivers (Ulmenion minoris)

91G0
* Pannonic woods with Quercus petraea and Carpinus betulus

91H0
* Pannonian woods with Quercus pubescens

91I0
* Euro-Siberian steppic woods with Quercus spp.

91J0
* Taxus baccata woods of the British Isles

91K0
Illyrian Fagus sylvatica forests (Aremonio-Fagion)

91L0
Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests (Erythronio-Carpinion)

91M0
Pannonian-Balkanic turkey oak — sessile oak forests

91N0
* Pannonic inland sand dune thicket (Junipero-Populetum albae)

91P0
Holy Cross fir forest (Abietetum polonicum)

91Q0
Western Carpathian calcicolous Pinus sylvestris forests

91R0
Dinaric dolomite Scots pine forests (Genisto januensis-Pinetum)

91S0
* Western Pontic beech forests

91T0
Central European lichen Scots pine forests

91U0
Sarmatic steppe pine forest

91V0
Dacian Beech forests (Symphyto-Fagion)

91W0
Moesian beech forests

91X0
* Dobrogean beech forests

91Y0
Dacian oak & hornbeam forests

91Z0
Moesian silver lime woods

91AA
* Eastern white oak woods

91BA
Moesian silver fir forests

91CA
Rhodopide and Balkan Range Scots pine forests

92. Mediterranean deciduous forests

9210
* Apeninne beech forests with Taxus and Ilex

9220
* Apennine beech forests with Abies alba and beech forests with Abies nebrodensis

9230
Galicio-Portuguese oak woods with Quercus robur and Quercus pyrenaica

9240
Quercus faginea and Quercus canariensis Iberian woods

9250
Quercus trojana woods

9260
Castanea sativa woods

9270
Hellenic beech forests with Abies borisii-regis

9280
Quercus frainetto woods

9290
Cupressus forests (Acero-Cupression)

92A0
Salix alba and Populus alba galleries

92B0
Riparian formations on intermittent Mediterranean water courses with Rhododendron ponticum, Salix and others

92C0
Platanus orientalis and Liquidambar orientalis woods (Platanion orientalis)

92D0
Southern riparian galleries and thickets (Nerio-Tamaricetea and Securinegion tinctoriae)

93. Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests

9310
Aegean Quercus brachyphylla woods

9320
Olea and Ceratonia forests

9330
Quercus suber forests

9340
Quercus ilex and Quercus rotundifolia forests

9350
Quercus macrolepis forests

9360
* Macaronesian laurel forests (Laurus, Ocotea)

9370
* Palm groves of Phoenix

9380
Forests of Ilex aquifolium

9390
* Scrub and low forest vegetation with Quercus alnifolia

93A0
Woodlands with Quercus infectoria (Anagyro foetidae-Quercetum infectoriae)

94. Temperate mountainous coniferous forests

9410
Acidophilous Picea forests of the montane to alpine levels (Vaccinio-Piceetea)

9420
Alpine Larix decidua and/or Pinus cembra forests

9430
Subalpine and montane Pinus uncinata forests (* if on gypsum or limestone)

95. Mediterranean and Macaronesian mountainous coniferous forests

9510
* Southern Apennine Abies alba forests

9520
Abies pinsapo forests

9530
* (Sub-) Mediterranean pine forests with endemic black pines

9540
Mediterranean pine forests with endemic Mesogean pines

9550
Canarian endemic pine forests

9560
* Endemic forests with Juniperus spp.

9570
* Tetraclinis articulata forests

9580
* Mediterranean Taxus baccata woods

9590
* Cedrus brevifolia forests (Cedrosetum brevifoliae)

95A0
High oro-Mediterranean pine forests
Substituted by Council Directive 2013/17/EU of 13 May 2013 adapting certain directives in the field of environment, by reason of the accession of the Republic of Croatia.

ANNEX II ANIMAL AND PLANT SPECIES OF COMMUNITY INTEREST WHOSE CONSERVATION REQUIRES THE DESIGNATION OF SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION

Interpretation
(a) Annex II follows on from Annex I for the establishment of a consistent network of special areas of conservation.
(b) The species listed in this Annex are indicated:
by the name of the species or subspecies, or
by all the species belonging to a higher taxon or to a designated part of that taxon.
The abbreviation ‘spp.’ after the name of a family or genus designates all the species belonging to that family or genus.

(c) Symbols
An asterisk (*) before the name of a species indicates that it is a priority species.
Most species listed in this Annex are also listed in Annex IV. Where a species appears in this Annex but does not appear in either Annex IV or Annex V, the species name is followed by the symbol (o); where a species which appears in this Annex also appears in Annex V but does not appear in Annex IV, its name is followed by the symbol (V).

(a) ANIMALS

VERTEBRATES

MAMMALS

INSECTIVORA

Talpidae
Galemys pyrenaicus

CHIROPTERA

Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus blasii
Rhinolophus euryale
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum
Rhinolophus hipposideros
Rhinolophus mehelyi

Vespertilionidae
Barbastella barbastellus
Miniopterus schreibersii
Myotis bechsteinii
Myotis blythii
Myotis capaccinii
Myotis dasycneme
Myotis emarginatus
Myotis myotis

Pteropodidae
Rousettus aegyptiacus

RODENTIA

Gliridae
Myomimus roachi

Sciuridae
* Marmota marmota latirostris
* Pteromys volans (Sciuropterus russicus)
Spermophilus citellus (Citellus citellus)
* Spermophilus suslicus (Citellus suslicus)

Castoridae
Castor fiber (except the Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Finnish and Swedish populations)

Cricetidae
Mesocricetus newtoni

Microtidae
Dinaromys bogdanovi
Microtus cabrerae
* Microtus oeconomus arenicola
* Microtus oeconomus mehelyi
Microtus tatricus

Zapodidae
Sicista subtilis

CARNIVORA

Canidae
* Alopex lagopus
* Canis lupus (except the Estonian population; Greek populations: only south of the 39th parallel; Spanish populations: only those south of the Duero; Latvian, Lithuanian and Finnish populations).

Ursidae
* Ursus arctos (except the Estonian, Finnish and Swedish populations)

Mustelidae
* Gulo gulo
Lutra lutra
Mustela eversmanii
* Mustela lutreola
Vormela peregusna

Felidae
Lynx lynx (except the Estonian, Latvian and Finnish populations)
* Lynx pardinus

Phocidae
Halichoerus grypus (V)
* Monachus monachus
Phoca hispida bottnica (V)
* Phoca hispida saimensis
Phoca vitulina (V)

ARTIODACTYLA

Cervidae
* Cervus elaphus corsicanus
Rangifer tarandus fennicus (o)

Bovidae
* Bison bonasus
Capra aegagrus (natural populations)
* Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica
Ovis gmelini musimon (Ovis ammon musimon) (natural populations — Corsica and Sardinia)
Ovis orientalis ophion (Ovis gmelini ophion)
* Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata (Rupicapra rupicapra ornata)
Rupicapra rupicapra balcanica
* Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica

CETACEA
Phocoena phocoena
Tursiops truncatus

REPTILES

CHELONIA (TESTUDINES)

Testudinidae
Testudo graeca
Testudo hermanni
Testudo marginata

Cheloniidae
* Caretta caretta
* Chelonia mydas

Emydidae
Emys orbicularis
Mauremys caspica
Mauremys leprosa

SAURIA

Lacertidae
Dinarolacerta mosorensis
Lacerta bonnali (Lacerta monticola)
Lacerta monticola
Lacerta schreiberi
Gallotia galloti insulanagae
* Gallotia simonyi
Podarcis lilfordi
Podarcis pityusensis

Scincidae
Chalcides simonyi (Chalcides occidentalis)

Gekkonidae
Phyllodactylus europaeus

OPHIDIA (SERPENTES)

Colubridae
* Coluber cypriensis
Elaphe quatuorlineata
Elaphe situla
* Natrix natrix cypriaca

Viperidae
* Macrovipera schweizeri (Vipera lebetina schweizeri)
Vipera ursinii (except Vipera ursinii rakosiensis and Vipera ursinii macrops)
* Vipera ursinii macrops
* Vipera ursinii rakosiensis

AMPHIBIANS

CAUDATA

Salamandridae
Chioglossa lusitanica
Mertensiella luschani (Salamandra luschani)
* Salamandra aurorae (Salamandra atra aurorae)
Salamandrina terdigitata
Triturus carnifex (Triturus cristatus carnifex)
Triturus cristatus (Triturus cristatus cristatus)
Triturus dobrogicus (Triturus cristatus dobrogicus)
Triturus karelinii (Triturus cristatus karelinii)
Triturus montandoni
Triturus vulgaris ampelensis

Proteidae
* Proteus anguinus

Plethodontidae
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) ambrosii
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) flavus
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) genei
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) imperialis
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) strinatii
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) supramontis

ANURA

Discoglossidae
* Alytes muletensis
Bombina bombina
Bombina variegata
Discoglossus galganoi (including Discoglossus ‘jeanneae’)
Discoglossus montalentii
Discoglossus sardus

Ranidae
Rana latastei

Pelobatidae
* Pelobates fuscus insubricus

FISH

PETROMYZONIFORMES

Petromyzonidae
Eudontomyzon spp. (o)
Lampetra fluviatilis (V) (except the Finnish and Swedish populations)
Lampetra planeri (o) (except the Estonian, Finnish, and Swedish populations)
Lethenteron zanandreai (V)
Petromyzon marinus (o) (except the Swedish populations)

ACIPENSERIFORMES

Acipenseridae
* Acipenser naccarii
* Acipenser sturio

CLUPEIFORMES

Clupeidae
Alosa spp. (V)

SALMONIFORMES

Salmonidae
Hucho hucho (natural populations) (V)
Salmo macrostigma (o)
Salmo marmoratus (o)
Salmo salar (only in fresh water) (V) (except the Finnish populations)
Salmothymus obtusirostris (o)

Coregonidae
* Coregonus oxyrhynchus (anadromous populations in certain sectors of the North Sea)

Umbridae
Umbra krameri (o)

CYPRINIFORMES

Cyprinidae
Alburnus albidus (o) (Alburnus vulturius)
Aulopyge huegelii (o)
Anaecypris hispanica
Aspius aspius (V) (except the Finnish populations)
Barbus comiza (V)
Barbus meridionalis (V)
Barbus plebejus (V)
Chalcalburnus chalcoides (o)
Chondrostoma genei (o)
Chondrostoma knerii (o)
Chondrostoma lusitanicum (o)
Chondrostoma phoxinus (o)
Chondrostoma polylepis (o) (including C. willkommi)
Chondrostoma soetta (o)
Chondrostoma toxostoma (o)
Gobio albipinnatus (o)
Gobio kessleri (o)
Gobio uranoscopus (o)
Iberocypris palaciosi (o)
* Ladigesocypris ghigii (o)
Leuciscus lucumonis (o)
Leuciscus souffia (o)
Pelecus cultratus (V)
Phoxinellus spp. (o)
* Phoxinus percnurus
Rhodeus sericeus amarus (o)
Rutilus pigus (V)
Rutilus rubilio (o)
Rutilus arcasii (o)
Rutilus macrolepidotus (o)
Rutilus lemmingii (o)
Rutilus frisii meidingeri (V)
Rutilus alburnoides (o)
Scardinius graecus (o)
Squalius microlepis (o)
Squalius svallize (o)

Cobitidae
Cobitis elongata (o)
Cobitis taenia (o) (except the Finnish populations)
Cobitis trichonica (o)
Misgurnus fossilis (o)
Sabanejewia aurata (o)
Sabanejewia larvata (o) (Cobitis larvata and Cobitis conspersa)

SILURIFORMES

Siluridae
Silurus aristotelis (V)

ATHERINIFORMES

Cyprinodontidae
Aphanius iberus (o)
Aphanius fasciatus (o)
* Valencia hispanica
* Valencia letourneuxi (Valencia hispanica)

PERCIFORMES

Percidae
Gymnocephalus baloni
Gymnocephalus schraetzer (V)
* Romanichthys valsanicola
Zingel spp. ((o) except Zingel asper and Zingel zingel (V))

Gobiidae
Knipowitschia croatica (o)
Knipowitschia (Padogobius) panizzae (o)
Padogobius nigricans (o)
Pomatoschistus canestrini (o)

SCORPAENIFORMES

Cottidae
Cottus gobio (o) (except the Finnish populations)
Cottus petiti (o)

INVERTEBRATES

ARTHROPODS

CRUSTACEA

Decapoda
Austropotamobius pallipes (V)
* Austropotamobius torrentium (V)

Isopoda
* Armadillidium ghardalamensis

INSECTA

Coleoptera
Agathidium pulchellum (o)
Bolbelasmus unicornis
Boros schneideri (o)
Buprestis splendens
Carabus hampei
Carabus hungaricus
* Carabus menetriesi pacholei
* Carabus olympiae
Carabus variolosus
Carabus zawadszkii
Cerambyx cerdo
Corticaria planula (o)
Cucujus cinnaberinus
Dorcadion fulvum cervae
Duvalius gebhardti
Duvalius hungaricus
Dytiscus latissimus
Graphoderus bilineatus
Leptodirus hochenwarti
Limoniscus violaceus (o)
Lucanus cervus (o)
Macroplea pubipennis (o)
Mesosa myops (o)
Morimus funereus (o)
* Osmoderma eremita
Oxyporus mannerheimii (o)
Pilemia tigrina
* Phryganophilus ruficollis
Probaticus subrugosus
Propomacrus cypriacus
* Pseudogaurotina excellens
Pseudoseriscius cameroni
Pytho kolwensis
Rhysodes sulcatus (o)
* Rosalia alpina
Stephanopachys linearis (o)
Stephanopachys substriatus (o)
Xyletinus tremulicola (o)

Hemiptera
Aradus angularis (o)

Lepidoptera
Agriades glandon aquilo (o)
Arytrura musculus
* Callimorpha (Euplagia, Panaxia) quadripunctaria (o)
Catopta thrips
Chondrosoma fiduciarium
Clossiana improba (o)
Coenonympha oedippus
Colias myrmidone
Cucullia mixta
Dioszeghyana schmidtii
Erannis ankeraria
Erebia calcaria
Erebia christi
Erebia medusa polaris (o)
Eriogaster catax
Euphydryas (Eurodryas, Hypodryas) aurinia (o)
Glyphipterix loricatella
Gortyna borelii lunata
Graellsia isabellae (V)
Hesperia comma catena (o)
Hypodryas maturna
Leptidea morsei
Lignyoptera fumidaria
Lycaena dispar
Lycaena helle
Maculinea nausithous
Maculinea teleius
Melanargia arge
* Nymphalis vaualbum
Papilio hospiton
Phyllometra culminaria
Plebicula golgus
Polymixis rufocincta isolata
Polyommatus eroides
Proterebia afra dalmata
Pseudophilotes bavius
Xestia borealis (o)
Xestia brunneopicta (o)
* Xylomoia strix

Mantodea
Apteromantis aptera

Odonata
Coenagrion hylas (o)
Coenagrion mercuriale (o)
Coenagrion ornatum (o)
Cordulegaster heros
Cordulegaster trinacriae
Gomphus graslinii
Leucorrhinia pectoralis
Lindenia tetraphylla
Macromia splendens
Ophiogomphus cecilia
Oxygastra curtisii

Orthoptera
Baetica ustulata
Brachytrupes megacephalus
Isophya costata
Isophya harzi
Isophya stysi
Myrmecophilus baronii
Odontopodisma rubripes
Paracaloptenus caloptenoides
Pholidoptera transsylvanica
Stenobothrus (Stenobothrodes) eurasius

ARACHNIDA

Pseudoscorpiones
Anthrenochernes stellae (o)

MOLLUSCS

GASTROPODA
Anisus vorticulus
Caseolus calculus
Caseolus commixta
Caseolus sphaerula
Chilostoma banaticum
Discula leacockiana
Discula tabellata
Discus guerinianus
Elona quimperiana
Geomalacus maculosus
Geomitra moniziana
Gibbula nivosa
* Helicopsis striata austriaca (o)
Hygromia kovacsi
Idiomela (Helix) subplicata
Lampedusa imitatrix
* Lampedusa melitensis
Leiostyla abbreviata
Leiostyla cassida
Leiostyla corneocostata
Leiostyla gibba
Leiostyla lamellosa
* Paladilhia hungarica
Sadleriana pannonica
Theodoxus transversalis
Vertigo angustior (o)
Vertigo genesii (o)
Vertigo geyeri (o)
Vertigo moulinsiana (o)

BIVALVIA

Unionoida
Margaritifera durrovensis (Margaritifera margaritifera) (V)
Margaritifera margaritifera (V)
Unio crassus

Dreissenidae
Congeria kusceri

(b) PLANTS

PTERIDOPHYTA

ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium jahandiezii (Litard.) Rouy
Asplenium adulterinum Milde

BLECHNACEAE
Woodwardia radicans (L.) Sm.

DICKSONIACEAE
Culcita macrocarpa C. Presl

DRYOPTERIDACEAE
Diplazium sibiricum (Turcz. ex Kunze) Kurata
* Dryopteris corleyi Fraser-Jenk.
Dryopteris fragans (L.) Schott

HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
Trichomanes speciosum Willd.

ISOETACEAE
Isoetes boryana Durieu
Isoetes malinverniana Ces. & De Not.

MARSILEACEAE
Marsilea batardae Launert
Marsilea quadrifolia L.
Marsilea strigosa Willd.

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
Botrychium simplex Hitchc.
Ophioglossum polyphyllum A. Braun

GYMNOSPERMAE

PINACEAE
* Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei

ANGIOSPERMAE

ALISMATACEAE
* Alisma wahlenbergii (Holmberg) Juz.
Caldesia parnassifolia (L.) Parl.
Luronium natans (L.) Raf.

AMARYLLIDACEAE
Leucojum nicaeense Ard.
Narcissus asturiensis (Jordan) Pugsley
Narcissus calcicola Mendonça
Narcissus cyclamineus DC.
Narcissus fernandesii G. Pedro
Narcissus humilis (Cav.) Traub
* Narcissus nevadensis Pugsley
Narcissus pseudonarcissus L. subsp. nobilis (Haw.) A. Fernandes
Narcissus scaberulus Henriq.
Narcissus triandrus L. subsp. capax (Salisb.) D. A. Webb.
Narcissus viridiflorus Schousboe

ASCLEPIADACEAE
Vincetoxicum pannonicum (Borhidi) Holub

BORAGINACEAE
* Anchusa crispa Viv.
Echium russicum J.F.Gemlin
* Lithodora nitida (H. Ern) R. Fernandes
Myosotis lusitanica Schuster
Myosotis rehsteineri Wartm.
Myosotis retusifolia R. Afonso
Omphalodes kuzinskyanae Willk.
* Omphalodes littoralis Lehm.
* Onosma tornensis Javorka
Solenanthus albanicus (Degen & al.) Degen & Baldacci
* Symphytum cycladense Pawl.

CAMPANULACEAE
Adenophora lilifolia (L.) Ledeb.
Asyneuma giganteum (Boiss.) Bornm.
* Campanula bohemica Hruby
* Campanula gelida Kovanda
Campanula romanica Săvul.
* Campanula sabatia De Not.
* Campanula serrata (Kit.) Hendrych
Campanula zoysii Wulfen
Jasione crispa (Pourret) Samp. subsp. serpentinica Pinto da Silva
Jasione lusitanica A. DC.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Arenaria ciliata L. subsp. pseudofrigida Ostenf. & O.C. Dahl
Arenaria humifusa Wahlenberg
* Arenaria nevadensis Boiss. & Reuter
Arenaria provincialis Chater & Halliday
* Cerastium alsinifolium Tausch Cerastium dinaricum G. Beck & Szysz.
Dianthus arenarius L. subsp. arenarius
* Dianthus arenarius subsp. bohemicus (Novak) O. Schwarz
Dianthus cintranus Boiss. & Reuter subsp. cintranus Boiss. & Reuter
* Dianthus diutinus Kit.
* Dianthus lumnitzeri Wiesb.
Dianthus marizii (Samp.) Samp.
* Dianthus moravicus Kovanda
* Dianthus nitidus Waldst. et Kit.
Dianthus plumarius subsp. regis-stephani (Rapcs.) Baksay
Dianthus rupicola Biv.
* Gypsophila papillosa P. Porta
Herniaria algarvica Chaudhri
* Herniaria latifolia Lapeyr. subsp. litardierei Gamis
Herniaria lusitanica (Chaudhri) subsp. berlengiana Chaudhri
Herniaria maritima Link
* Minuartia smejkalii Dvorakova
Moehringia jankae Griseb. ex Janka
Moehringia lateriflora (L.) Fenzl.
Moehringia tommasinii Marches.
Moehringia villosa (Wulfen) Fenzl
Petrocoptis grandiflora Rothm.
Petrocoptis montsicciana O. Bolos & Rivas Mart.
Petrocoptis pseudoviscosa Fernández Casas
Silene furcata Rafin. subsp. angustiflora (Rupr.) Walters
* Silene hicesiae Brullo & Signorello
Silene hifacensis Rouy ex Willk.
* Silene holzmanii Heldr. ex Boiss.
Silene longicilia (Brot.) Otth.
Silene mariana Pau
* Silene orphanidis Boiss
* Silene rothmaleri Pinto da Silva
* Silene velutina Pourret ex Loisel.

CHENOPODIACEAE
* Bassia (Kochia) saxicola (Guss.) A. J. Scott
* Cremnophyton lanfrancoi Brullo et Pavone
* Salicornia veneta Pignatti & Lausi

CISTACEAE
Cistus palhinhae Ingram
Halimium verticillatum (Brot.) Sennen
Helianthemum alypoides Losa & Rivas Goday
Helianthemum caput-felis Boiss.
* Tuberaria major (Willk.) Pinto da Silva & Rozeira

COMPOSITAE
* Anthemis glaberrima (Rech. f.) Greuter
Artemisia campestris L. subsp. bottnica A.N. Lundström ex Kindb.
* Artemisia granatensis Boiss.
* Artemisia laciniata Willd.
Artemisia oelandica (Besser) Komaror
* Artemisia pancicii (Janka) Ronn.
* Aster pyrenaeus Desf. ex DC
* Aster sorrentinii (Tod) Lojac.
Carlina onopordifolia Besser
* Carduus myriacanthus Salzm. ex DC.
* Centaurea alba L. subsp. heldreichii (Halacsy) Dostal
* Centaurea alba L. subsp. princeps (Boiss. & Heldr.) Gugler
* Centaurea akamantis T. Georgiadis & G. Chatzikyriakou
* Centaurea attica Nyman subsp. megarensis (Halacsy & Hayek) Dostal
* Centaurea balearica J.D. Rodriguez
* Centaurea borjae Valdes-Berm. & Rivas Goday
* Centaurea citricolor Font Quer
Centaurea corymbosa Pourret
Centaurea gadorensis G. Blanca
* Centaurea horrida Badaro
Centaurea immanuelis-loewii Degen
Centaurea jankae Brandza
* Centaurea kalambakensis Freyn & Sint.
Centaurea kartschiana Scop.
* Centaurea lactiflora Halacsy
Centaurea micrantha Hoffmanns. & Link subsp. herminii (Rouy) Dostál
* Centaurea niederi Heldr.
* Centaurea peucedanifolia Boiss. & Orph.
* Centaurea pinnata Pau
Centaurea pontica Prodan & E.I. Nyárády
Centaurea pulvinata (G. Blanca) G. Blanca
Centaurea rothmalerana (Arènes) Dostál
Centaurea vicentina Mariz
Cirsium brachycephalum Juratzka
* Crepis crocifolia Boiss. & Heldr.
Crepis granatensis (Willk.) B. Blanca & M. Cueto
Crepis pusilla (Sommier) Merxmüller
Crepis tectorum L. subsp. nigrescens
Erigeron frigidus Boiss. ex DC.
* Helichrysum melitense (Pignatti) Brullo et al
Hymenostemma pseudanthemis (Kunze) Willd.
Hyoseris frutescens Brullo et Pavone
* Jurinea cyanoides (L.) Reichenb.
* Jurinea fontqueri Cuatrec.
* Lamyropsis microcephala (Moris) Dittrich & Greuter
Leontodon microcephalus (Boiss. ex DC.) Boiss.
Leontodon boryi Boiss.
* Leontodon siculus (Guss.) Finch & Sell
Leuzea longifolia Hoffmanns. & Link
Ligularia sibirica (L.) Cass.
* Palaeocyanus crassifolius (Bertoloni) Dostal
Santolina impressa Hoffmanns. & Link
Santolina semidentata Hoffmanns. & Link
Saussurea alpina subsp. esthonica (Baer ex Rupr) Kupffer
* Senecio elodes Boiss. ex DC.
Senecio jacobea L. subsp. gotlandicus (Neuman) Sterner
Senecio nevadensis Boiss. & Reuter
* Serratula lycopifolia (Vill.) A. Kern
Tephroseris longifolia (Jacq.) Griseb et Schenk subsp. moravica

CONVOLVULACEAE
* Convolvulus argyrothamnus Greuter
* Convolvulus fernandesii Pinto da Silva & Teles

CRUCIFERAE
Alyssum pyrenaicum Lapeyr.
* Arabis kennedyae Meikle
Arabis sadina (Samp.) P. Cout.
Arabis scopoliana Boiss
* Biscutella neustriaca Bonnet
Biscutella vincentina (Samp.) Rothm.
Boleum asperum (Pers.) Desvaux
Brassica glabrescens Poldini
Brassica hilarionis Post
Brassica insularis Moris
* Brassica macrocarpa Guss.
Braya linearis Rouy
* Cochlearia polonica E. Fröhlich
* Cochlearia tatrae Borbas
* Coincya rupestris Rouy
* Coronopus navasii Pau
Crambe tataria Sebeok
* Degenia velebitica (Degen) Hayek
Diplotaxis ibicensis (Pau) Gómez-Campo
* Diplotaxis siettiana Maire
Diplotaxis vicentina (P. Cout.) Rothm.
Draba cacuminum Elis Ekman
Draba cinerea Adams
Draba dorneri Heuffel.
Erucastrum palustre (Pirona) Vis.
* Erysimum pieninicum (Zapal.) Pawl.
* Iberis arbuscula Runemark
Iberis procumbens Lange subsp. microcarpa Franco & Pinto da Silva
* Jonopsidium acaule (Desf.) Reichenb.
Jonopsidium savianum (Caruel) Ball ex Arcang.
Rhynchosinapis erucastrum (L.) Dandy ex Clapham subsp. cintrana (Coutinho) Franco & P. Silva (Coincya cintrana (P. Cout.) Pinto da Silva)
Sisymbrium cavanillesianum Valdés & Castroviejo
Sisymbrium supinum L.
Thlaspi jankae A. Kern.

CYPERACEAE
Carex holostoma Drejer
* Carex panormitana Guss.
Eleocharis carniolica Koch

DIOSCOREACEAE
* Borderea chouardii (Gaussen) Heslot

DROSERACEAE
Aldrovanda vesiculosa L.

ELATINACEAE
Elatine gussonei (Sommier) Brullo et al

ERICACEAE
Rhododendron luteum Sweet

EUPHORBIACEAE
* Euphorbia margalidiana Kuhbier & Lewejohann
Euphorbia transtagana Boiss.

GENTIANACEAE
* Centaurium rigualii Esteve
* Centaurium somedanum Lainz
Gentiana ligustica R. de Vilm. & Chopinet
Gentianella anglica (Pugsley) E.F. Warburg
* Gentianella bohemica Skalicky

GERANIACEAE
* Erodium astragaloides Boiss. & Reuter
Erodium paularense Fernández-González & Izco
* Erodium rupicola Boiss.

GLOBULARIACEAE
* Globularia stygia Orph. ex Boiss.

GRAMINEAE
Arctagrostis latifolia (R. Br.) Griseb.
Arctophila fulva (Trin.) N.J. Anderson
Avenula hackelii (Henriq.) Holub
Bromus grossus Desf. ex DC.
Calamagrostis chalybaea (Laest.) Fries
Cinna latifolia (Trev.) Griseb.
Coleanthus subtilis (Tratt.) Seidl
Festuca brigantina (Markgr.-Dannenb.) Markgr.-Dannenb.
Festuca duriotagana Franco & R. Afonso
Festuca elegans Boiss.
Festuca henriquesii Hack.
Festuca summilusitana Franco & R. Afonso
Gaudinia hispanica Stace & Tutin
Holcus setiglumis Boiss. & Reuter subsp. duriensis Pinto da Silva
Micropyropsis tuberosa Romero - Zarco & Cabezudo
Poa granitica Br.-Bl. subsp. disparilis (E. I. Nyárády) E. I. Nyárády
* Poa riphaea (Ascher et Graebner) Fritsch
Pseudarrhenatherum pallens (Link) J. Holub
Puccinellia phryganodes (Trin.) Scribner + Merr.
Puccinellia pungens (Pau) Paunero
* Stipa austroitalica Martinovsky
* Stipa bavarica Martinovsky & H. Scholz
Stipa danubialis Dihoru & Roman
* Stipa styriaca Martinovsky
* Stipa veneta Moraldo
* Stipa zalesskii Wilensky
Trisetum subalpestre (Hartman) Neuman

GROSSULARIACEAE
* Ribes sardoum Martelli

HIPPURIDACEAE
Hippuris tetraphylla L. Fil.

HYPERICACEAE
* Hypericum aciferum (Greuter) N.K.B. Robson

IRIDACEAE
Crocus cyprius Boiss. et Kotschy
Crocus hartmannianus Holmboe
Gladiolus palustris Gaud.
Iris aphylla L. subsp. hungarica Hegi
Iris humilis Georgi subsp. arenaria (Waldst. et Kit.) A. et D.Löve

JUNCACEAE
Juncus valvatus Link
Luzula arctica Blytt

LABIATAE
Dracocephalum austriacum L.
* Micromeria taygetea P.H. Davis
Nepeta dirphya (Boiss.) Heldr. ex Halacsy
* Nepeta sphaciotica P.H. Davis
Origanum dictamnus L.
Phlomis brevibracteata Turril
Phlomis cypria Post
Salvia veneris Hedge
Sideritis cypria Post
Sideritis incana subsp. glauca (Cav.) Malagarriga
Sideritis javalambrensis Pau
Sideritis serrata Cav. ex Lag.
Teucrium lepicephalum Pau
Teucrium turredanum Losa & Rivas Goday
* Thymus camphoratus Hoffmanns. & Link
Thymus carnosus Boiss.
* Thymus lotocephalus G. López & R. Morales (Thymus cephalotos L.)

LEGUMINOSAE
Anthyllis hystrix Cardona, Contandr. & E. Sierra
* Astragalus algarbiensis Coss. ex Bunge
* Astragalus aquilanus Anzalone
Astragalus centralpinus Braun-Blanquet
* Astragalus macrocarpus DC. subsp. lefkarensis
* Astragalus maritimus Moris
Astragalus peterfii Jáv.
Astragalus tremolsianus Pau
* Astragalus verrucosus Moris
* Cytisus aeolicus Guss. ex Lindl.
Genista dorycnifolia Font Quer
Genista holopetala (Fleischm. ex Koch) Baldacci
Melilotus segetalis (Brot.) Ser. subsp. fallax Franco
* Ononis hackelii Lange
Trifolium saxatile All.
* Vicia bifoliolata J.D. Rodríguez

LENTIBULARIACEAE
* Pinguicula crystallina Sm.
Pinguicula nevadensis (Lindb.) Casper

LILIACEAE
Allium grosii Font Quer
* Androcymbium rechingeri Greuter
* Asphodelus bento-rainhae P. Silva
* Chionodoxa lochiae Meikle in Kew Bull.
Colchicum arenarium Waldst. et Kit.
Hyacinthoides vicentina (Hoffmans. & Link) Rothm.
* Muscari gussonei (Parl.) Tod.
Scilla litardierei Breist.
* Scilla morrisii Meikle
Tulipa cypria Stapf
Tulipa hungarica Borbas

LINACEAE
* Linum dolomiticum Borbas
* Linum muelleri Moris (Linum maritimum muelleri)

LYTHRACEAE
* Lythrum flexuosum Lag.

MALVACEAE
Kosteletzkya pentacarpos (L.) Ledeb.

NAJADACEAE
Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. & W.L. Schmidt
Najas tenuissima (A. Braun) Magnus

OLEACEAE
Syringa josikaea Jacq. Fil. ex Reichenb.

ORCHIDACEAE
Anacamptis urvilleana Sommier et Caruana Gatto
Calypso bulbosa L.
* Cephalanthera cucullata Boiss. & Heldr.
Cypripedium calceolus L.
Dactylorhiza kalopissii E. Nelson
Gymnigritella runei Teppner & Klein
Himantoglossum adriaticum Baumann
Himantoglossum caprinum (Bieb.) V. Koch
Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich.
* Ophrys kotschyi H.Fleischm. et Soo
* Ophrys lunulata Parl.
Ophrys melitensis (Salkowski) J et P Devillers-Terschuren
Platanthera obtusata (Pursh) subsp. oligantha (Turez.) Hulten

OROBANCHACEAE
Orobanche densiflora Salzm. ex Reut.

PAEONIACEAE
Paeonia cambessedesii (Willk.) Willk.
Paeonia clusii F.C. Stern subsp. rhodia (Stearn) Tzanoudakis
Paeonia officinalis L. subsp. banatica (Rachel) Soo
Paeonia parnassica Tzanoudakis

PALMAE
Phoenix theophrasti Greuter

PAPAVERACEAE
Corydalis gotlandica Lidén
Papaver laestadianum (Nordh.) Nordh.
Papaver radicatum Rottb. subsp. hyperboreum Nordh.

PLANTAGINACEAE
Plantago algarbiensis Sampaio (Plantago bracteosa (Willk.) G. Sampaio)
Plantago almogravensis Franco

PLUMBAGINACEAE
Armeria berlengensis Daveau
* Armeria helodes Martini & Pold
Armeria neglecta Girard
Armeria pseudarmeria (Murray) Mansfeld
* Armeria rouyana Daveau
Armeria soleirolii (Duby) Godron
Armeria velutina Welw. ex Boiss. & Reuter
Limonium dodartii (Girard) O. Kuntze subsp. lusitanicum (Daveau) Franco
* Limonium insulare (Beg. & Landi) Arrig. & Diana
Limonium lanceolatum (Hoffmans. & Link) Franco
Limonium multiflorum Erben
* Limonium pseudolaetum Arrig. & Diana
* Limonium strictissimum (Salzmann) Arrig.

POLYGONACEAE
Persicaria foliosa (H. Lindb.) Kitag.
Polygonum praelongum Coode & Cullen
Rumex rupestris Le Gall

PRIMULACEAE
Androsace mathildae Levier
Androsace pyrenaica Lam.
* Cyclamen fatrense Halda et Sojak
* Primula apennina Widmer
Primula carniolica Jacq.
Primula nutans Georgi
Primula palinuri Petagna
Primula scandinavica Bruun
Soldanella villosa Darracq.

RANUNCULACEAE
* Aconitum corsicum Gayer (Aconitum napellus subsp. corsicum)
Aconitum firmum (Reichenb.) Neilr subsp. moravicum Skalicky
Adonis distorta Ten.
Aquilegia bertolonii Schott
Aquilegia kitaibelii Schott
* Aquilegia pyrenaica D.C. subsp. cazorlensis (Heywood) Galiano
* Consolida samia P.H. Davis
* Delphinium caseyi B.L. Burtt
Pulsatilla grandis Wenderoth
Pulsatilla patens (L.) Miller
* Pulsatilla pratensis (L.) Miller subsp. hungarica Soo
* Pulsatilla slavica G. Reuss.
* Pulsatilla subslavica Futak ex Goliasova
Pulsatilla vulgaris Hill. subsp. gotlandica (Johanss.) Zaemelis & Paegle
Ranunculus kykkoensis Meikle
Ranunculus lapponicus L.
* Ranunculus weyleri Mares

RESEDACEAE
Reseda decursiva Forssk.

ROSACEAE
Agrimonia pilosa Ledebour
Potentilla delphinensis Gren. & Godron
Potentilla emilii-popii Nyárády
* Pyrus magyarica Terpo
Sorbus teodorii Liljefors

RUBIACEAE
Galium cracoviense Ehrend.
* Galium litorale Guss.
Galium moldavicum (Dobrescu) Franco
* Galium sudeticum Tausch
* Galium viridiflorum Boiss. & Reuter

SALICACEAE
Salix salvifolia Brot. subsp. australis Franco

SANTALACEAE
Thesium ebracteatum Hayne

SAXIFRAGACEAE
Saxifraga berica (Beguinot) D.A. Webb
Saxifraga florulenta Moretti
Saxifraga hirculus L.
Saxifraga osloënsis Knaben
Saxifraga tombeanensis Boiss. ex Engl.

SCROPHULARIACEAE
Antirrhinum charidemi Lange
Chaenorrhinum serpyllifolium (Lange) Lange subsp. lusitanicum R. Fernandes
* Euphrasia genargentea (Feoli) Diana
Euphrasia marchesettii Wettst. ex Marches.
Linaria algarviana Chav.
Linaria coutinhoi Valdés
Linaria loeselii Schweigger
* Linaria ficalhoana Rouy
Linaria flava (Poiret) Desf.
* Linaria hellenica Turrill
Linaria pseudolaxiflora Lojacono
* Linaria ricardoi Cout.
Linaria tonzigii Lona
* Linaria tursica B. Valdés & Cabezudo
Odontites granatensis Boiss.
* Pedicularis sudetica Willd.
Rhinanthus oesilensis (Ronniger & Saarsoo) Vassilcz
Tozzia carpathica Wol.
Verbascum litigiosum Samp.
Veronica micrantha Hoffmanns. & Link
* Veronica oetaea L.-A. Gustavsson

SOLANACEAE
* Atropa baetica Willk.

THYMELAEACEAE
* Daphne arbuscula Celak
Daphne petraea Leybold
* Daphne rodriguezii Texidor

ULMACEAE
Zelkova abelicea (Lam.) Boiss.

UMBELLIFERAE
* Angelica heterocarpa Lloyd
Angelica palustris (Besser) Hoffm.
* Apium bermejoi Llorens
Apium repens (Jacq.) Lag.
Athamanta cortiana Ferrarini
* Bupleurum capillare Boiss. & Heldr.
* Bupleurum kakiskalae Greuter
Eryngium alpinum L.
* Eryngium viviparum Gay
* Ferula sadleriana Lebed.
Hladnikia pastinacifolia Reichenb.
* Laserpitium longiradium Boiss.
* Naufraga balearica Constans & Cannon
* Oenanthe conioides Lange
Petagnia saniculifolia Guss.
Rouya polygama (Desf.) Coincy
* Seseli intricatum Boiss.
Seseli leucospermum Waldst. et Kit
Thorella verticillatinundata (Thore) Briq.

VALERIANACEAE
Centranthus trinervis (Viv.) Beguinot

VIOLACEAE
Viola delphinantha Boiss.
* Viola hispida Lam.
Viola jaubertiana Mares & Vigineix
Viola rupestris F.W. Schmidt subsp. relicta Jalas

LOWER PLANTS

BRYOPHYTA
Bruchia vogesiaca Schwaegr. (o)
Bryhnia novae-angliae (Sull & Lesq.) Grout (o)
* Bryoerythrophyllum campylocarpum (C. Müll.) Crum. (Bryoerythrophyllum machadoanum (Sergio) M.O. Hill) (o)
Buxbaumia viridis (Moug.) Moug. & Nestl. (o)
Cephalozia macounii (Aust.) Aust. (o)
Cynodontium suecicum (H. Arn. & C. Jens.) I. Hag. (o)
Dichelyma capillaceum (Dicks) Myr. (o)
Dicranum viride (Sull. & Lesq.) Lindb. (o)
Distichophyllum carinatum Dix. & Nich. (o)
Drepanocladus (Hamatocaulis) vernicosus (Mitt.) Warnst. (o)
Encalypta mutica (I. Hagen) (o)
Hamatocaulis lapponicus (Norrl.) Hedenäs (o)
Herzogiella turfacea (Lindb.) I. Wats. (o)
Hygrohypnum montanum (Lindb.) Broth. (o)
Jungermannia handelii (Schiffn.) Amak. (o)
Mannia triandra (Scop.) Grolle (o)
* Marsupella profunda Lindb. (o)
Meesia longiseta Hedw. (o)
Nothothylas orbicularis (Schwein.) Sull. (o)
Ochyraea tatrensis Vana (o)
Orthothecium lapponicum (Schimp.) C. Hartm. (o)
Orthotrichum rogeri Brid. (o)
Petalophyllum ralfsii (Wils.) Nees & Gott. (o)
Plagiomnium drummondii (Bruch & Schimp.) T. Kop. (o)
Riccia breidleri Jur. (o)
Riella helicophylla (Bory & Mont.) Mont. (o)
Scapania massolongi (K. Müll.) K. Müll. (o)
Sphagnum pylaisii Brid. (o)
Tayloria rudolphiana (Garov) B. & S. (o)
Tortella rigens (N. Alberts) (o)

SPECIES FOR MACARONESIA

PTERIDOPHYTA

HYMENOPHYLLACEAE
Hymenophyllum maderensis Gibby & Lovis

DRYOPTERIDACEAE
* Polystichum drepanum (Sw.) C. Presl.

ISOETACEAE
Isoetes azorica Durieu & Paiva ex Milde

MARSILEACEAE
* Marsilea azorica Launert & Paiva

ANGIOSPERMAE

ASCLEPIADACEAE
Caralluma burchardii N. E. Brown
* Ceropegia chrysantha Svent.

BORAGINACEAE
Echium candicans L. fil.
* Echium gentianoides Webb & Coincy
Myosotis azorica H.C. Watson
Myosotis maritima Hochst. in Seub.

CAMPANULACEAE
* Azorina vidalii (H.C. Watson) Feer
Musschia aurea (L. f.) DC.
* Musschia wollastonii Lowe

CAPRIFOLIACEAE
* Sambucus palmensis Link

CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Spergularia azorica (Kindb.) Lebel

CELASTRACEAE
Maytenus umbellata (R. Br.) Mabb.

CHENOPODIACEAE
Beta patula Ait.

CISTACEAE
Cistus chinamadensis Banares & Romero
* Helianthemum bystropogophyllum Svent.

COMPOSITAE
Andryala crithmifolia Ait.
* Argyranthemum lidii Humphries
Argyranthemum thalassophylum (Svent.) Hump.
Argyranthemum winterii (Svent.) Humphries
* Atractylis arbuscula Svent. & Michaelis
Atractylis preauxiana Schultz.
Calendula maderensis DC.
Cheirolophus duranii (Burchard) Holub
Cheirolophus ghomerytus (Svent.) Holub
Cheirolophus junonianus (Svent.) Holub
Cheirolophus massonianus (Lowe) Hansen & Sund.
Cirsium latifolium Lowe
Helichrysum gossypinum Webb
Helichrysum monogynum Burtt & Sund.
Hypochoeris oligocephala (Svent. & Bramw.) Lack
* Lactuca watsoniana Trel.
* Onopordum nogalesii Svent.
* Onorpordum carduelinum Bolle
* Pericallis hadrosoma (Svent.) B. Nord.
Phagnalon benettii Lowe
Stemmacantha cynaroides (Chr. Son. in Buch) Ditt
Sventenia bupleuroides Font Quer
* Tanacetum ptarmiciflorum Webb & Berth

CONVOLVULACEAE
* Convolvulus caput-medusae Lowe
* Convolvulus lopez-socasii Svent.
* Convolvulus massonii A. Dietr.

CRASSULACEAE
Aeonium gomeraense Praeger
Aeonium saundersii Bolle
Aichryson dumosum (Lowe) Praeg.
Monanthes wildpretii Banares & Scholz
Sedum brissemoretii Raymond-Hamet

CRUCIFERAE
* Crambe arborea Webb ex Christ
Crambe laevigata DC. ex Christ
* Crambe sventenii R. Petters ex Bramwell & Sund.
* Parolinia schizogynoides Svent.
Sinapidendron rupestre (Ait.) Lowe

CYPERACEAE
Carex malato-belizii Raymond

DIPSACACEAE
Scabiosa nitens Roemer & J.A. Schultes

ERICACEAE
Erica scoparia L. subsp. azorica (Hochst.) D.A. Webb

EUPHORBIACEAE
* Euphorbia handiensis Burchard
Euphorbia lambii Svent.
Euphorbia stygiana H.C. Watson

GERANIACEAE
* Geranium maderense P.F. Yeo

GRAMINEAE
Deschampsia maderensis (Haeck. & Born.) Buschm.
Phalaris maderensis (Menezes) Menezes

GLOBULARIACEAE
* Globularia ascanii D. Bramwell & Kunkel
* Globularia sarcophylla Svent.

LABIATAE
* Sideritis cystosiphon Svent.
* Sideritis discolor (Webb ex de Noe) Bolle
Sideritis infernalis Bolle
Sideritis marmorea Bolle
Teucrium abutiloides L’Hér.
Teucrium betonicum L’Hér.

LEGUMINOSAE
* Anagyris latifolia Brouss. ex. Willd.
Anthyllis lemanniana Lowe
* Dorycnium spectabile Webb & Berthel
* Lotus azoricus P.W. Ball
Lotus callis-viridis D. Bramwell & D. H. Davis
* Lotus kunkelii (E. Chueca) D. Bramwell & al.
* Teline rosmarinifolia Webb & Berthel.
* Teline salsoloides Arco & Acebes.
Vicia dennesiana H.C. Watson

LILIACEAE
* Androcymbium psammophilum Svent.
Scilla maderensis Menezes
Semele maderensis Costa

LORANTHACEAE
Arceuthobium azoricum Wiens & Hawksw.

MYRICACEAE
* Myrica rivas-martinezii Santos.

OLEACEAE
Jasminum azoricum L.
Picconia azorica (Tutin) Knobl.

ORCHIDACEAE
Goodyera macrophylla Lowe

PITTOSPORACEAE
* Pittosporum coriaceum Dryand. ex. Ait.

PLANTAGINACEAE
Plantago malato-belizii Lawalree

PLUMBAGINACEAE
* Limonium arborescens (Brouss.) Kuntze
Limonium dendroides Svent.
* Limonium spectabile (Svent.) Kunkel & Sunding
* Limonium sventenii Santos & Fernández Galván

POLYGONACEAE
Rumex azoricus Rech. fil.

RHAMNACEAE
Frangula azorica Tutin

ROSACEAE
* Bencomia brachystachya Svent.
Bencomia sphaerocarpa Svent.
* Chamaemeles coriacea Lindl.
Dendriopoterium pulidoi Svent.
Marcetella maderensis (Born.) Svent.
Prunus lusitanica L. subsp. azorica (Mouillef.) Franco
Sorbus maderensis (Lowe) Dode

SANTALACEAE
Kunkeliella subsucculenta Kammer

SCROPHULARIACEAE
* Euphrasia azorica H.C. Watson
Euphrasia grandiflora Hochst. in Seub.
* Isoplexis chalcantha Svent. & O’Shanahan
Isoplexis isabelliana (Webb & Berthel.) Masferrer
Odontites holliana (Lowe) Benth.
Sibthorpia peregrina L.

SOLANACEAE
* Solanum lidii Sunding

UMBELLIFERAE
Ammi trifoliatum (H.C. Watson) Trelease
Bupleurum handiense (Bolle) Kunkel
Chaerophyllum azoricum Trelease
Ferula latipinna Santos
Melanoselinum decipiens (Schrader & Wendl.) Hoffm.
Monizia edulis Lowe
Oenanthe divaricata (R. Br.) Mabb.
Sanicula azorica Guthnick ex Seub.

VIOLACEAE
Viola paradoxa Lowe

LOWER PLANTS

BRYOPHYTA
* Echinodium spinosum (Mitt.) Jur. (o)
* Thamnobryum fernandesii Sergio (o).

ANNEX III CRITERIA FOR SELECTING SITES ELIGIBLE FOR IDENTIFICATION AS SITES OF COMMUNITY IMPORTANCE AND DESIGNATION AS SPECIAL AREAS OF CONSERVATION

STAGE 1: Assessment at national level of the relative importance of sites for each natural habitat type in Annex I and each species in Annex II (including priority natural habitat types and priority species)

A. Site assessment criteria for a given natural habitat type in Annex I
(a) Degree of representativity of the natural habitat type on the site.
(b) Area of the site covered by the natural habitat type in relation to the total area covered by that natural habitat type within national territory.
(c) Degree of conservation of the structure and functions of the natural habitat type concerned and restoration possibilities.
(d) Global assessment of the value of the site for conservation of the natural habitat type concerned.

B. Site assessment criteria for a given species in Annex II
(a) Size and density of the population of the species present on the site in relation to the populations present within national territory.
(b) Degree of conservation of the features of the habitat which are important for the species concerned and restoration possibilities.
(c) Degree of isolation of the population present on the site in relation to the natural range of the species.
(d) Global assessment of the value of the site for conservation of the species concerned.
C. On the basis of these criteria, Member States will classify the sites which they propose on the national list as sites eligible for identification as sites of Community importance according to their relative value for the conservation of each natural habitat type in Annex I or each species in Annex II.
D. That list will show the sites containing the priority natural habitat types and priority species selected by the Member States on the basis of the criteria in A and B above.

STAGE 2: Assessment of the Community importance of the sites included on the national lists
1. All the sites identified by the Member States in Stage 1 which contain priority natural habitat types and/or species will be considered as sites of Community importance.
2. The assessment of the Community importance of other sites on Member States' lists, i.e. their contribution to maintaining or re-establishing, at a favourable conservation status, a natural habitat in Annex I or a species in Annex II and/or to the coherence of Natura 2000 will take account of the following criteria:
(a) relative value of the site at national level;
(b) geographical situation of the site in relation to migration routes of species in Annex II and whether it belongs to a continuous ecosystem situated on both sides of one or more internal Community frontiers;
(c) total area of the site;
(d) number of natural habitat types in Annex I and species in Annex II present on the site;
(e) global ecological value of the site for the biogeographical regions concerned and/or for the whole of the territory referred to in Article 2, as regards both the characteristic or unique aspect of its features and the way they are combined.

ANNEX IV ANIMAL AND PLANT SPECIES OF COMMUNITY INTEREST IN NEED OF STRICT PROTECTION
The species listed in this Annex are indicated:
by the name of species or subspecies, or
by the body of species belonging to a higher taxon or to a designated part of that taxon.
The abbreviation ‘spp.’ after the name of a family or genus designates all the species belonging to that family or genus.

(a) ANIMALS

VERTEBRATES

MAMMALS

INSECTIVORA

Erinaceidae
Erinaceus algirus

Soricidae
Crocidura canariensis
Crocidura sicula

Talpidae
Galemys pyrenaicus

MICROCHIROPTERA

All species

MEGACHIROPTERA

Pteropodidae
Rousettus aegyptiacus

RODENTIA

Gliridae
All species except Glis glis and Eliomys quercinus

Sciuridae
Marmota marmota latirostris
Pteromys volans (Sciuropterus russicus)
Spermophilus citellus (Citellus citellus)
Spermophilus suslicus (Citellus suslicus)
Sciurus anomalus

Castoridae
Castor fiber (except the Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Finnish and Swedish populations)

Cricetidae
Cricetus cricetus (except the Hungarian populations)
Mesocricetus newtoni

Microtidae
Dinaromys bogdanovi
Microtus cabrerae
Microtus oeconomus arenicola
Microtus oeconomus mehelyi
Microtus tatricus

Zapodidae
Sicista betulina
Sicista subtilis

Hystricidae
Hystrix cristata

CARNIVORA

Canidae
Alopex lagopus
Canis lupus (except the Greek populations north of the 39th parallel; Estonian populations, Spanish populations north of the Duero; Bulgarian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Polish, Slovak populations and Finnish populations within the reindeer management area as defined in paragraph 2 of the Finnish Act No 848/90 of 14 September 1990 on reindeer management)

Ursidae
Ursus arctos

Mustelidae
Lutra lutra
Mustela eversmanii
Mustela lutreola
Vormela peregusna

Felidae
Felis silvestris
Lynx lynx (except the Estonian population)
Lynx pardinus

Phocidae
Monachus monachus
Phoca hispida saimensis

ARTIODACTYLA

Cervidae
Cervus elaphus corsicanus

Bovidae
Bison bonasus
Capra aegagrus (natural populations)
Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica
Ovis gmelini musimon (Ovis ammon musimon) (natural populations – Corsica and Sardinia)
Ovis orientalis ophion (Ovis gmelini ophion)
Rupicapra pyrenaica ornata (Rupicapra rupicapra ornata)
Rupicapra rupicapra balcanica
Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica

CETACEA

All species

REPTILES

TESTUDINATA

Testudinidae
Testudo graeca
Testudo hermanni
Testudo marginata

Cheloniidae
Caretta caretta
Chelonia mydas
Lepidochelys kempii
Eretmochelys imbricata

Dermochelyidae
Dermochelys coriacea

Emydidae
Emys orbicularis
Mauremys caspica
Mauremys leprosa

SAURIA

Lacertidae
Algyroides fitzingeri
Algyroides marchi
Algyroides moreoticus
Algyroides nigropunctatus
Dalmatolacerta oxycephala
Dinarolacerta mosorensis
Gallotia atlantica
Gallotia galloti
Gallotia galloti insulanagae
Gallotia simonyi
Gallotia stehlini
Lacerta agilis
Lacerta bedriagae
Lacerta bonnali (Lacerta monticola)
Lacerta monticola
Lacerta danfordi
Lacerta dugesi
Lacerta graeca
Lacerta horvathi
Lacerta schreiberi
Lacerta trilineata
Lacerta viridis
Lacerta vivipara pannonica
Ophisops elegans
Podarcis erhardii
Podarcis filfolensis
Podarcis hispanica atrata
Podarcis lilfordi
Podarcis melisellensis
Podarcis milensis
Podarcis muralis
Podarcis peloponnesiaca
Podarcis pityusensis
Podarcis sicula
Podarcis taurica
Podarcis tiliguerta
Podarcis wagleriana

Scincidae
Ablepharus kitaibelii
Chalcides bedriagai
Chalcides ocellatus
Chalcides sexlineatus
Chalcides simonyi (Chalcides occidentalis)
Chalcides viridianus
Ophiomorus punctatissimus

Gekkonidae
Cyrtopodion kotschyi
Phyllodactylus europaeus
Tarentola angustimentalis
Tarentola boettgeri
Tarentola delalandii
Tarentola gomerensis

Agamidae
Stellio stellio

Chamaeleontidae
Chamaeleo chamaeleon

Anguidae
Ophisaurus apodus

OPHIDIA

Colubridae
Coluber caspius
Coluber cypriensis
Coluber hippocrepis
Coluber jugularis
Coluber laurenti
Coluber najadum
Coluber nummifer
Coluber viridiflavus
Coronella austriaca
Eirenis modesta
Elaphe longissima
Elaphe quatuorlineata
Elaphe situla
Natrix natrix cetti
Natrix natrix corsa
Natrix natrix cypriaca
Natrix tessellata
Telescopus falax

Viperidae
Vipera ammodytes
Macrovipera schweizeri (Vipera lebetina schweizeri)
Vipera seoanni (except Spanish populations)
Vipera ursinii
Vipera xanthina

Boidae
Eryx jaculus

AMPHIBIANS

CAUDATA

Salamandridae
Chioglossa lusitanica
Euproctus asper
Euproctus montanus
Euproctus platycephalus
Mertensiella luschani (Salamandra luschani)
Salamandra atra
Salamandra aurorae
Salamandra lanzai
Salamandrina terdigitata
Triturus carnifex (Triturus cristatus carnifex)
Triturus cristatus (Triturus cristatus cristatus)
Triturus italicus
Triturus karelinii (Triturus cristatus karelinii)
Triturus marmoratus
Triturus montandoni
Triturus vulgaris ampelensis

Proteidae
Proteus anguinus

Plethodontidae
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) ambrosii
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) flavus
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) genei
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) imperialis
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) strinatii (Hydromantes (Speleomantes) italicus)
Hydromantes (Speleomantes) supramontis

ANURA

Discoglossidae
Alytes cisternasii
Alytes muletensis
Alytes obstetricans
Bombina bombina
Bombina variegata
Discoglossus galganoi (including Discoglossus ‘jeanneae’)
Discoglossus montalentii
Discoglossus pictus
Discoglossus sardus

Ranidae
Rana arvalis
Rana dalmatina
Rana graeca
Rana iberica
Rana italica
Rana latastei
Rana lessonae

Pelobatidae
Pelobates cultripes
Pelobates fuscus
Pelobates syriacus

Bufonidae
Bufo calamita
Bufo viridis

Hylidae
Hyla arborea
Hyla meridionalis
Hyla sarda

FISH

ACIPENSERIFORMES

Acipenseridae
Acipenser naccarii
Acipenser sturio

SALMONIFORMES

Coregonidae
Coregonus oxyrhynchus (anadromous populations in certain sectors of the North Sea, except the Finnish populations)

CYPRINIFORMES

Cyprinidae
Anaecypris hispanica
Phoxinus percnurus

ATHERINIFORMES

Cyprinodontidae
Valencia hispanica

PERCIFORMES

Percidae
Gymnocephalus baloni
Romanichthys valsanicola
Zingel asper

INVERTEBRATES

ARTHROPODS

CRUSTACEA

Isopoda
Armadillidium ghardalamensis

INSECTA

Coleoptera
Bolbelasmus unicornis
Buprestis splendens
Carabus hampei
Carabus hungaricus
Carabus olympiae
Carabus variolosus
Carabus zawadszkii
Cerambyx cerdo
Cucujus cinnaberinus
Dorcadion fulvum cervae
Duvalius gebhardti
Duvalius hungaricus
Dytiscus latissimus
Graphoderus bilineatus
Leptodirus hochenwarti
Pilemia tigrina
Osmoderma eremita
Phryganophilus ruficollis
Probaticus subrugosus
Propomacrus cypriacus
Pseudogaurotina excellens
Pseudoseriscius cameroni
Pytho kolwensis
Rosalia alpina

Lepidoptera
Apatura metis
Arytrura musculus
Catopta thrips
Chondrosoma fiduciarium
Coenonympha hero
Coenonympha oedippus
Colias myrmidone
Cucullia mixta
Dioszeghyana schmidtii
Erannis ankeraria
Erebia calcaria
Erebia christi
Erebia sudetica
Eriogaster catax
Fabriciana elisa
Glyphipterix loricatella
Gortyna borelii lunata
Hypodryas maturna
Hyles hippophaes
Leptidea morsei
Lignyoptera fumidaria
Lopinga achine
Lycaena dispar
Lycaena helle
Maculinea arion
Maculinea nausithous
Maculinea teleius
Melanargia arge
Nymphalis vaualbum
Papilio alexanor
Papilio hospiton
Parnassius apollo
Parnassius mnemosyne
Phyllometra culminaria
Plebicula golgus
Polymixis rufocincta isolata
Polyommatus eroides
Proserpinus proserpina
Proterebia afra dalmata
Pseudophilotes bavius
Xylomoia strix
Zerynthia polyxena

Mantodea
Apteromantis aptera

Odonata
Aeshna viridis
Cordulegaster heros
Cordulegaster trinacriae
Gomphus graslinii
Leucorrhinia albifrons
Leucorrhinia caudalis
Leucorrhinia pectoralis
Lindenia tetraphylla
Macromia splendens
Ophiogomphus cecilia
Oxygastra curtisii
Stylurus flavipes
Sympecma braueri

Orthoptera
Baetica ustulata
Brachytrupes megacephalus
Isophya costata
Isophya harzi
Isophya stysi
Myrmecophilus baronii
Odontopodisma rubripes
Paracaloptenus caloptenoides
Pholidoptera transsylvanica
Saga pedo
Stenobothrus (Stenobothrodes) eurasius

ARACHNIDA

Araneae
Macrothele calpeiana

MOLLUSCS

GASTROPODA
Anisus vorticulus
Caseolus calculus
Caseolus commixta
Caseolus sphaerula
Chilostoma banaticum
Discula leacockiana
Discula tabellata
Discula testudinalis
Discula turricula
Discus defloratus
Discus guerinianus
Elona quimperiana
Geomalacus maculosus
Geomitra moniziana
Gibbula nivosa
Hygromia kovacsi
Idiomela (Helix) subplicata
Lampedusa imitatrix
Lampedusa melitensis
Leiostyla abbreviata
Leiostyla cassida
Leiostyla corneocostata
Leiostyla gibba
Leiostyla lamellosa
Paladilhia hungarica
Patella ferruginea
Sadleriana pannonica
Theodoxus prevostianus
Theodoxus transversalis

BIVALVIA

Anisomyaria
Lithophaga lithophaga
Pinna nobilis

Unionoida
Margaritifera auricularia
Unio crassus

Dreissenidae
Congeria kusceri

ECHINODERMATA

Echinoidea
Centrostephanus longispinus

(b) PLANTS
Annex IV (b) contains all the plant species listed in Annex II (b) plus those mentioned below:

PTERIDOPHYTA

ASPLENIACEAE
Asplenium hemionitis L.

ANGIOSPERMAE

AGAVACEAE
Dracaena draco (L.) L.

AMARYLLIDACEAE
Narcissus longispathus Pugsley
Narcissus triandrus L.

BERBERIDACEAE
Berberis maderensis Lowe

CAMPANULACEAE
Campanula morettiana Reichenb.
Physoplexis comosa (L.) Schur.

CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Moehringia fontqueri Pau

COMPOSITAE
Argyranthemum pinnatifidum (L.f.) Lowe subsp. succulentum (Lowe) C. J. Humphries
Helichrysum sibthorpii Rouy
Picris willkommii (Schultz Bip.) Nyman
Santolina elegans Boiss. ex DC.
Senecio caespitosus Brot.
Senecio lagascanus DC. subsp. lusitanicus (P. Cout.) Pinto da Silva
Wagenitzia lancifolia (Sieber ex Sprengel) Dostal

CRUCIFERAE
Murbeckiella sousae Rothm.

EUPHORBIACEAE
Euphorbia nevadensis Boiss. & Reuter

GESNERIACEAE
Jankaea heldreichii (Boiss.) Boiss.
Ramonda serbica Pancic

IRIDACEAE
Crocus etruscus Parl.
Iris boissieri Henriq.
Iris marisca Ricci & Colasante

LABIATAE
Rosmarinus tomentosus Huber-Morath & Maire
Teucrium charidemi Sandwith
Thymus capitellatus Hoffmanns. & Link
Thymus villosus L. subsp. villosus L.

LILIACEAE
Androcymbium europaeum (Lange) K. Richter
Bellevalia hackelli Freyn
Colchicum corsicum Baker
Colchicum cousturieri Greuter
Fritillaria conica Rix
Fritillaria drenovskii Degen & Stoy.
Fritillaria gussichiae (Degen & Doerfler) Rix
Fritillaria obliqua Ker-Gawl.
Fritillaria rhodocanakis Orph. ex Baker
Ornithogalum reverchonii Degen & Herv.-Bass.
Scilla beirana Samp.
Scilla odorata Link

ORCHIDACEAE
Ophrys argolica Fleischm.
Orchis scopulorum Simsmerh.
Spiranthes aestivalis (Poiret) L.C.M. Richard

PRIMULACEAE
Androsace cylindrica DC.
Primula glaucescens Moretti
Primula spectabilis Tratt.

RANUNCULACEAE
Aquilegia alpina L.

SAPOTACEAE
Sideroxylon marmulano Banks ex Lowe

SAXIFRAGACEAE
Saxifraga cintrana Kuzinsky ex Willk.
Saxifraga portosanctana Boiss.
Saxifraga presolanensis Engl.
Saxifraga valdensis DC.
Saxifraga vayredana Luizet

SCROPHULARIACEAE
Antirrhinum lopesianum Rothm.
Lindernia procumbens (Krocker) Philcox

SOLANACEAE
Mandragora officinarum L.

THYMELAEACEAE
Thymelaea broterana P. Cout.

UMBELLIFERAE
Bunium brevifolium Lowe

VIOLACEAE
Viola athois W. Becker
Viola cazorlensis Gandoger
Except bryophytes in Annex II (b).

ANNEX V ANIMAL AND PLANT SPECIES OF COMMUNITY INTEREST WHOSE TAKING IN THE WILD AND EXPLOITATION MAY BE SUBJECT TO MANAGEMENT MEASURES
The species listed in this Annex are indicated:
by the name of the species or subspecies, or
by the body of species belonging to a higher taxon or to a designated part of that taxon.
The abbreviation ‘spp.’ after the name of a family or genus designates all the species belonging to that family or genus.

(a) ANIMALS

VERTEBRATES

MAMMALS

RODENTIA
Castoridae
Castor fiber (Finnish, Swedish, Latvian, Lithuanian, Estonian and Polish populations)
Cricetidae
Cricetus cricetus (Hungarian populations)

CARNIVORA
Canidae
Canis aureus
Canis lupus (Spanish populations north of the Duero, Greek populations north of the 39th parallel, Finnish populations within the reindeer management area as defined in paragraph 2 of the Finnish Act No 848/90 of 14 September 1990 on reindeer management, Bulgarian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Estonian, Polish and Slovak populations)
Mustelidae
Martes martes
Mustela putorius
Felidae
Lynx lynx (Estonian population)
Phocidae
All species not mentioned in Annex IV
Viverridae
Genetta genetta
Herpestes ichneumon

DUPLICIDENTATA
Leporidae
Lepus timidus

ARTIODACTYLA
Bovidae
Capra ibex
Capra pyrenaica (exceptCapra pyrenaica pyrenaica)
Rupicapra rupicapra (exceptRupicapra rupicapra balcanica,Rupicapra rupicapra ornata andRupicapra rupicapra tatrica)

AMPHIBIANS

ANURA
Ranidae
Rana esculenta
Rana perezi
Rana ridibunda
Rana temporaria

FISH

PETROMYZONIFORMES
Petromyzonidae
Lampetra fluviatilis
Lethenteron zanandrai

ACIPENSERIFORMES
Acipenseridae
All species not mentioned in Annex IV

CLUPEIFORMES
Clupeidae
Alosa spp.

SALMONIFORMES
Salmonidae
Thymallus thymallus
Coregonus spp. (exceptCoregonus oxyrhynchus — anadromous populations in certain sectors of the North Sea)
Hucho hucho
Salmo salar (only in fresh water)

CYPRINIFORMES
Cyprinidae
Aspius aspius
Barbus spp.
Pelecus cultratus
Rutilus friesii meidingeri
Rutilus pigus

SILURIFORMES
Siluridae
Silurus aristotelis

PERCIFORMES
Percidae
Gymnocephalus schraetzer
Zingel zingel

INVERTEBRATES

COELENTERATA

CNIDARIA
Corallium rubrum

MOLLUSCA

GASTROPODA — STYLOMMATOPHORA
Helix pomatia

BIVALVIA — UNIONOIDA
Margaritiferidae
Margaritifera margaritifera
Unionidae
Microcondylaea compressa
Unio elongatulus

ANNELIDA

HIRUDINOIDEA — ARHYNCHOBDELLAE
Hirudinidae
Hirudo medicinalis

ARTHROPODA

CRUSTACEA — DECAPODA
Astacidae
Astacus astacus
Austropotamobius pallipes
Austropotamobius torrentium
Scyllaridae
Scyllarides latus

INSECTA — LEPIDOPTERA
Saturniidae
Graellsia isabellae

(b) PLANTS

ALGAE

RHODOPHYTA CORALLINACEAE
Lithothamnium coralloides Crouan frat.
Phymatholithon calcareum (Poll.) Adey & McKibbin

LICHENES

CLADONIACEAE
Cladonia L. subgenus Cladina (Nyl.) Vain.

BRYOPHYTA

MUSCI LEUCOBRYACEAE
Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) AAngstr.

SPHAGNACEAE
Sphagnum L. spp. (except Sphagnum pylaisii Brid.)

PTERIDOPHYTA
Lycopodium spp.

ANGIOSPERMAE

AMARYLLIDACEAE
Galanthus nivalis L.
Narcissus bulbocodium L.
Narcissus juncifolius Lagasca

COMPOSITAE
Arnica montana L.
Artemisia eriantha Tem
Artemisia genipi Weber
Doronicum plantagineum L. subsp. tournefortii (Rouy) P. Cout.
Leuzea rhaponticoides Graells

CRUCIFERAE
Alyssum pintadasilvae Dudley.
Malcolmia lacera (L.) DC. subsp. graccilima (Samp.) Franco
Murbeckiella pinnatifida (Lam.) Rothm. subsp. herminii (Rivas-Martinez) Greuter & Burdet

GENTIANACEAE
Gentiana lutea L.

IRIDACEAE
Iris lusitanica Ker-Gawler

LABIATAE
Teucrium salviastrum Schreber subsp. salviastrum Schreber

LEGUMINOSAE
Anthyllis lusitanica Cullen & Pinto da Silva
Dorycnium pentaphyllum Scop. subsp. transmontana Franco
Ulex densus Welw. ex Webb.

LILIACEAE
Lilium rubrum Lmk
Ruscus aculeatus L.

PLUMBAGINACEAE
Armeria sampaio (Bernis) Nieto Feliner

ROSACEAE
Rubus genevieri Boreau subsp. herminii (Samp.) P. Cout.

SCROPHULARIACEAE
Anarrhinum longipedicelatum R. Fernandes
Euphrasia mendonçae Samp.
Scrophularia grandiflora DC. subsp. grandiflora DC.
Scrophularia berminii Hoffmanns & Link
Scrophularia sublyrata Brot.

ANNEX VI PROHIBITED METHODS AND MEANS OF CAPTURE AND KILLING AND MODES OF TRANSPORT

(a) Non-selective means

MAMMALS
Blind or mutilated animals used as live decoys
Tape recorders
Electrical and electronic devices capable of killing or stunning
Artificial light sources
Mirrors and other dazzling devices
Devices for illuminating targets
Sighting devices for night shooting comprising an electronic image magnifier or image converter
Explosives
Nets which are non-selective according to their principle or their conditions of use
Traps which are non-selective according to their principle or their conditions of use
Crossbows
Poisons and poisoned or anaesthetic bait
Gassing or smoking out
Semi-automatic or automatic weapons with a magazine capable of holding more than two rounds of ammunition

FISH
Poison
Explosives

(b) Modes of transport
Aircraft
Moving motor vehicles