DIRECTIVE 98/44/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCILShow full title

1. Introductory Text

2. CHAPTER I Patentability

   1. Article 1. (1) Member States shall protect biotechnological inventions under national patent...

   2. Article 2. (1) For the purposes of this Directive,

   3. Article 3. (1) For the purposes of this Directive, inventions which are...

   4. Article 4. (1) The following shall not be patentable:

   5. Article 5. (1) The human body, at the various stages of its...

   6. Article 6. (1) Inventions shall be considered unpatentable where their commercial exploitation...

   7. Article 7. The Commission's European Group on Ethics in Science and New...

3. CHAPTER II Scope of protection

   1. Article 8. (1) The protection conferred by a patent on a biological...

   2. Article 9. The protection conferred by a patent on a product containing...

   3. Article 10. The protection referred to in Articles 8 and 9 shall...

   4. Article 11. (1) By way of derogation from Articles 8 and 9,...

4. CHAPTER III Compulsory cross-licensing

   1. Article 12. (1) Where a breeder cannot acquire or exploit a plant...

5. CHAPTER IV Deposit, access and re-deposit of a biological material

   1. Article 13. (1) Where an invention involves the use of or concerns...

   2. Article 14. (1) If the biological material deposited in accordance with Article...

6. CHAPTER V Final provisions

   1. Article 15. (1) Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations...

   2. Article 16. The Commission shall send the European Parliament and the Council:...

   3. Article 17. This Directive shall enter into force on the day of...

   4. Article 18. This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

7. Signature