Commission Directive 2008/84/EC (repealed)Show full title

E 413 TRAGACANTH U.K.

Synonyms	Tragacanth gum
	Tragant
Definition	Tragacanth is a dried exudation obtained from the stems and branches of natural strains of Astragalus gummifer Labillardiere and other Asiatic species of Astragalus (family Leguminosae). It consists mainly of high molecular weight polysaccharides (galactoarabans and acidic polysaccharides) which, on hydrolysis, yield galacturonic acid, galactose, arabinose, xylose and fucose. Small amounts of rhamnose and of glucose (derived from traces of starch and/or cellulose) may also be present
Molecular weight	Approximately 800 000
Einecs	232-252-5
Description	Unground Tragacanth gum occurs as flattened, lamellated, straight or curved fragments or as spirally twisted pieces 0,5-2,5 mm thick and up to 3 cm in length. It is white to pale yellow in colour but some pieces may have a red tinge. The pieces are horny in texture, with a short fracture. It is odourless and solutions have an insipid mucilaginous taste. Powdered tragacanth is white to pale yellow or pinkish brown (pale tan) in colour
Identification
A. Solubility	1 g of the sample in 50 ml of water swells to form a smooth, stiff, opalescent mucilage; insoluble in ethanol and does not swell in 60 % (w/v) aqueous ethanol
Purity
Negative test for Karaya gum	Boil 1 g with 20 ml of water until a mucilage is formed. Add 5 ml of hydrochloric acid and again boil the mixture for five minutes. No permanent pink or red colour develops
Loss on drying	Not more than 16 % (105 oC, 5 hours)
Total ash	Not more than 4 %
Acid insoluble ash	Not more than 0,5 %
Acid insoluble matter	Not more than 2 %
Arsenic	Not more than 3 mg/kg
Lead	Not more than 5 mg/kg
Mercury	Not more than 1 mg/kg
Cadmium	Not more than 1 mg/kg
Heavy metals (as Pb)	Not more than 20 mg/kg
Salmonella spp.	Negative in 10 g
E. coli	Negative in 5 g