ANNEX IU.K.DEFINITIONS AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A.DEFINITIONSU.K.
For the purposes of this Directive the following definitions shall apply:U.K.
1.vehicle typeU.K.
with regard to the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices, means vehicles which do not differ in such essential respects as:U.K.
1.1.the dimensions and outer shape of the vehicle;U.K.
1.2.the number and positioning of the devices;U.K.
1.3.
the following are, likewise, considered not to be ‘vehicles of a different type’:U.K.
1.3.1.vehicles which differ within the meaning of points 1.1 and 1.2, but not in such a way as to entail a change in the type, number, positioning and geometric visibility of the lamps prescribed for the vehicle type in question;U.K.
1.3.2.vehicles on which optional lamps component type-approved by virtue of a Directive are fitted or are absent;U.K.
2.transverse planeU.K.
means a vertical plane perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle;
3.unladen vehicleU.K.
means the vehicle without a driver, passenger or load, but with a full complement of fuel and its normal on-board tool kit;
4.deviceU.K.
means a component or combination of components used in order to perform one or several functions;
5.lampU.K.
means a device designed to illuminate the road or to emit a light signal to other road users. Rear registration-plate lamps and retro-reflectors are likewise regarded as lamps;U.K.
5.1.single lampU.K.
means a device or part of a device, having one function and one illuminating surface and one or more light sources. For the purpose of installation on a vehicle, a ‘single lamp’ also means any assembly of two independent or grouped lamps, whether identical or not, having the same function, if they are installed such that the projections of the illuminating surfaces of the lamps on a given transverse plane occupy not less than 60 % of the smallest rectangle circumscribing the projections of the said illuminating surfaces.
In such a case, each of these lamps is, where approval is required, to be approved as a type ‘D’ lamp;
5.2.equivalent lampsU.K.
means lamps having the same function and authorised in the country in which the vehicle is registered; such lamps may have different characteristics from those installed on the vehicle when it is approved on condition that they satisfy the requirements of this Annex;
5.3.independent lampsU.K.
means lamps having separate illuminating surfaces, light sources and lamp bodies;
5.4.grouped lampsU.K.
means lamps having separate illuminating surfaces and light sources, but a common lamp body;
5.5.combined lampsU.K.
means lamps having separate illuminating surfaces but a common light source and a common lamp body;
5.6.reciprocally incorporated lampsU.K.
means devices having separate light sources or a single light source operating under different conditions (e.g. optical, mechanical or electrical differences), totally or partially common illuminating surfaces and a common lamp body;
5.7.main-beam headlampU.K.
means the lamp used to illuminate the road over a long distance ahead of the vehicle;
5.8.dipped-beam headlampU.K.
means the lamp used to illuminate the road ahead of the vehicle without causing undue dazzle or discomfort to oncoming drivers or to other road users;
5.9.direction indicator lampU.K.
means the lamp used to indicate to other road users that the driver intends to change direction to the right or the left;
5.10.stop lampU.K.
means the lamp used to indicate to other road users to the rear of the vehicle that the latter’s driver is applying the service brake;
5.11.front position lampU.K.
means the lamp used to indicate the presence of the vehicle when viewed from the front;
5.12.rear position lampU.K.
means the lamp used to indicate the presence of the vehicle when viewed from the rear;
5.13.front fog lampU.K.
means the lamp used to improve the illumination of the road in case of fog, snowfall, rainstorms or dust clouds;
5.14.rear fog lampU.K.
means the lamp used to render the vehicle more readily visible from the rear in dense fog;
5.15.reversing lampU.K.
means the lamp used to illuminate the road to the rear of the vehicle and to warn other road users that the vehicle is reversing or about to reverse;
5.16.hazard warning signalU.K.
means the simultaneous operation of all of a vehicle’s direction indicator lamps to draw attention to the fact that the vehicle temporarily constitutes a special danger to other road users;
5.17.rear registration-plate lampU.K.
means the device used to illuminate the space intended to accommodate the rear registration plate; it may consist of several optical elements;
5.18.retro-reflectorU.K.
means the device used to indicate the presence of a vehicle by the reflection of light emanating from a light source not connected to the vehicle, the observer being situated near that source; for the purposes of this Annex retro-reflecting number plates are not considered to be retro-reflectors;
6.illuminating surface (see Appendix 1)U.K.
6.1.light-emitting surface of a lighting device or retro-reflectorU.K.
means all or part of the exterior surface of the translucent material as declared in the request for approval by the manufacturer of the device on the drawing (see Appendix 1);
6.2.illuminating surface of a lighting device (see points 5.7, 5.8, 5.13 and 5.15)U.K.
means the orthogonal projection of the full aperture of the reflector or in the case of headlamps with an ellipsoidal reflector of the projection lens, on a transverse plane. If the lighting device has no reflector, the definition of point 6.3 is applied. If the light-emitting surface of the lamp extends over part only of the full aperture of the reflector, then the projection of that part only is taken into account. In the case of a dipped-beam headlamp, the illuminating surface is limited by the apparent trace of the cut-off on to the lens. If the reflector and lens are adjustable relative to one another, the mean adjustment is used;
6.3.illuminating surface of a light-signalling device other than a retro-reflector (see points 5.9 to 5.12, 5.14, 5.16 and 5.17)U.K.
means the orthogonal projection of the lamp in a plane perpendicular to its axis of reference and in contact with the exterior light-emitting surface of the lamp, this projection being bounded by the edges of screens situated in this plane, each allowing only 98 % of the total luminous intensity of the light to persist in the direction of the axis of reference; to determine the lower, upper and lateral limits of the illuminating surface, only screens with horizontal or vertical edges are used;
6.4.illuminating surface of a retro-reflector (see point 5.18)U.K.
means the orthogonal projection of a retro-reflector in a plane perpendicular to its axis of reference and bounded by planes touching the outer edges of the light projection surface of the retro-reflector and parallel to this axis. To determine the lower, upper and lateral limits of the illuminating surface, only horizontal and vertical planes are used;
7.apparent surfaceU.K.
for a defined direction of observation means, at the request of the manufacturer or his duly accredited representative, the orthogonal projection of either:
the boundary of the illuminating surface projected on the exterior surface of the lens (a-b), or
the light-emitting surface (c-d),
in a plane perpendicular to the direction of observation and tangential to the most exterior point of the lens (see drawings at Appendix 1);
8.axis of referenceU.K.
means the characteristic axis of the lamp, determined by the manufacturer (of the lamp) for use as the direction of reference (H = 0°, V = 0°) for angles of field for photometric measurements and when fitting the lamp on the vehicle;
9.centre of reference or reference centreU.K.
means the intersection of the axis of reference with the light-emitting surface, the centre of reference being specified by the lamp manufacturer;
10.angles of geometric visibilityU.K.
means the angles which determine the field of the minimum solid angle in which the apparent surface of the lamp must be visible. That field is determined by the segments of the sphere of which the centre coincides with the centre of reference of the lamp and the equator is parallel with the ground. These segments are determined in relation to the axis of reference. The horizontal angles β correspond to the longitude and the vertical angles α to the latitude. There must be no obstacle on the inside of the angles of geometric visibility to the propagation of light from any part of the apparent surface of the lamp observed from infinity.
If measurements are taken closer to the lamp, there must be a parallel shift in the direction of observation to achieve the same accuracy. No account is taken of obstacles on the inside of the angles of geometric visibility, if they were already present when the lamp was type-approved.
If, when the lamp is installed, any part of the apparent surface of the lamp is hidden by any further parts of the vehicle, proof must be furnished that the part of the lamp not hidden by obstacles still conforms to the photometric values prescribed for the approval of the device as an optical unit (see Appendix 1);
11.extreme outer edgeU.K.
on either side of the vehicle means the plane parallel to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle and coinciding with its lateral outer edge, disregarding the projection(s) of:U.K.
11.1.the rear-view mirrors;U.K.
11.2.the direction indicator lamps;U.K.
12.overall widthU.K.
means the distance between the two vertical planes defined in point 11;
13.distance between two lamps pointing in the same directionU.K.
means the distance between the orthogonal projections, in a plane perpendicular to the axes of reference, of the outlines of the two illuminating surfaces as defined, according to the case, in point 6;
14.operational telltaleU.K.
means the telltale showing whether a device that has been actuated is operating correctly or not;
15.circuit-closed telltaleU.K.
means a telltale showing that a device has been switched on but not showing whether it is operating correctly or not.
B.GENERAL SPECIFICATIONSU.K.
1.The lighting and light-signalling devices must be so installed that, under normal conditions of use and notwithstanding any vibration to which they may be subjected, they retain the characteristics laid down and enable the vehicle to comply with the requirements of this Directive. In particular, it must not be possible for the adjustment of the lamps to be inadvertently disturbed.U.K.
2.The illuminating lamps must be so fitted that their alignment can easily be set correctly.U.K.
3.For all light-signalling devices the reference axis of the lamp when fitted to the vehicle must be perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle in the case of side retro-reflectors and parallel to that plane in the case of all other signalling devices. In each direction a tolerance of 3° is allowed.U.K.
In addition, any specific instructions as regards fitting laid down by the manufacturer must be complied with.
4.The height and alignment of lamps are checked, in the absence of specific instructions, with the vehicle unladen and located on a flat horizontal surface, with its median longitudinal plane being vertical and its handlebars or steering wheel in the dead-ahead position. The tyre pressure must be that specified by the manufacturer for the specific loading conditions laid down.U.K.
5.
In the absence of specific requirements, lamps constituting a pair must:U.K.
5.1.be installed on the vehicle symmetrically in relation to the median longitudinal plane;U.K.
5.2.be symmetrical to each other in relation to the median longitudinal plane;U.K.
5.3.fulfil the same colorimetric requirements;U.K.
5.4.have substantially identical photometric characteristics.U.K.
6.In the absence of specific instructions, lamps having different functions may be independent or be grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated in one device, provided that each such lamp complies with the requirement applicable to it.U.K.
7.The maximum height above ground is measured from the highest point, and the minimum height from the lowest point, of the illuminating surface. The minimum height above ground of dipped-beam headlamps must be measured from the lower edge of the lens, or of the reflector if the latter is higher.U.K.
8.In the absence of specific requirements no lamps other than direction indicator lamps and the hazard warning signal may emit a flashing light.U.K.
9.
No red lamp must be visible towards the front and no white lamp other than any reversing lamp fitted visible towards the rear. This condition is checked as follows (see drawings according to the types of two or three-wheel vehicles set out in Appendix 1 to Annexes II to VI):U.K.
9.1.for the visibility of a red lamp towards the front: there must be no direct visibility of a red lamp if viewed by an observer moving within Zone 1 in a transverse plane situated 25 m in front of the foremost part of the vehicle;U.K.
9.2.for the visibility of a white lamp towards the rear: there must be no direct visibility of a white lamp if viewed by an observer moving within Zone 2 in a transverse plane situated 25 m behind the rearmost part of the vehicle;U.K.
9.3.
Zones 1 and 2, as seen by the observer, are limited in their respective planes as follows:U.K.
9.3.1.as regards height, two horizontal planes which are 1 m and 2,2 m respectively above the ground;U.K.
9.3.2.as regards width, by two vertical planes making an angle of 15° towards the front and rear respectively, and outside the vehicle by reference to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle. These planes contain, respectively, the vertical lines of intersection of the vertical planes parallel to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle and representing its overall width, and of the transverse planes representing the overall length of the vehicle.U.K.
10.The electrical connections must be such that the front position lamp or the dipped-beam headlamp, if there is no front position lamp, the rear position lamp and the rear registration-plate lamp can only be switched on and off simultaneously.U.K.
11.In the absence of specific requirements, the electrical connections must be such that the main-beam headlamp, the dipped-beam headlamp and the fog lamp cannot be switched on until the lamps referred to in point 10 have also been switched on. This requirement does not apply, however, to main-beam or dipped-beam headlamps when their optical warnings consist of the intermittent lighting-up at short intervals of the main-beam headlamp, or the intermittent lighting-up at short intervals of the dipped-beam headlamp, or the alternate lighting-up at short intervals of the main-beam and dipped-beam headlamps.U.K.
12. Telltales U.K.
12.1.All telltales must be clearly visible to the driver in the normal driving position.U.K.
12.2.Where provision has been made for a circuit-closed telltale it may be replaced by an operational telltale.U.K.
13. Colours emitted by the lamps U.K.
The colours emitted by the lamps are as follows:
:
white,
:
white,
:
white,
:
amber,
:
red,
:
white,
:
red,
:
white/yellow,
:
red,
:
white,
:
amber,
:
white,
:
amber,
:
red,
:
amber.
The definition of lamp colours must be as laid down in Appendix 2.
14.All lighting and light-signalling devices must be component type-approved. However, pending the entry into force of harmonised provisions concerning lighting and light-signalling devices on mopeds with engines of no more than 0,5 kW and a maximum speed not exceeding 25 km/h, such mopeds may be fitted with dipped-beam headlamps and/or rear position lamps which have not been approved. In such cases, the manufacturer must declare that the devices concerned conform to ISO standard 6742/1. Specific additional requirements will be laid down in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 18(2) of Directive 2002/24/EC.U.K.
Appendix 1Lamp surfaces, axis and centre of reference, and angles of geometric visibility
NB: Notwithstanding the drawing the apparent surface is to be considered as tangent to the light-emitting surface.U.K.
Appendix 2Definition of lamp colours
TRICHROMATIC COORDINATESU.K.
| Red | Limit towards yellow | y ≤ 0,335 |
| Limit towards purple | z ≤ 0,008 | |
| White | Limit towards blue | x ≥ 0,310 |
| Limit towards yellow | x ≤ 0,500 | |
| Limit towards green | y ≤ 0,150 + 0,640x | |
| Limit towards green | y ≤ 0,440 | |
| Limit towards purple | y ≥ 0,050 + 0,750x | |
| Limit towards red | y ≥ 0,382 | |
| Yellow | Limit towards red | y ≥ 0,138 + 0,580x |
| Limit towards green | y ≤ 1,29x — 0,100 | |
| Limit towards white | y ≥ — x + 0,940 | |
| y ≥ 0,440 | ||
| Limit towards the spectral value | y ≤ — x + 0,992 | |
| Amber | Limit towards yellow | y ≤ 0,429 |
| Limit towards red | y ≥ 0,398 | |
| Limit towards white | z ≤ 0,007 |
A source having a colour temperature of 2 856 K is used to check the above limits (International Commission on Illumination (ICI) Standard A).