1.Member States shall ensure that, where appropriate, dose constraints are established for the purpose of prospective optimisation of protection:
(a)for occupational exposure, the dose constraint shall be established as an operational tool for optimisation by the undertaking under the general supervision of the competent authority. In the case of outside workers the dose constraint shall be established in cooperation between the employer and the undertaking.
(b)for public exposure, the dose constraint shall be set for the individual dose that members of the public receive from the planned operation of a specified radiation source. The competent authority shall ensure that the constraints are consistent with the dose limit for the sum of doses to the same individual from all authorised practices.
(c)for medical exposure, dose constraints shall apply only with regard to the protection of carers and comforters and volunteers participating in medical or biomedical research.
2.Dose constraints shall be established in terms of individual effective or equivalent doses over a defined appropriate time period.