‘Whole grains’ means grains from which only part of the end has been removed, irrespective of characteristics produced at each stage of milling.

‘Clipped grains’ means grains from which the entire end has been removed.

‘Broken grains or fragments’ means grains from which a part of the volume greater than the end has been removed; broken grains include:

• large broken grains (pieces of grain of a length not less than half that of a grain, but not constituting a complete grain),

• medium broken grains (pieces of grain of a length not less than a quarter of the length of a grain but which are smaller than the minimum size of ‘large broken grains’),

• fine broken grains (pieces of grain less than a quarter of the size of a grain but too large to pass through a sieve with a mesh of 1,4 mm),

• fragments (small pieces or particles of grain which can pass through a sieve with a mesh of 1,4 mm); split grains (pieces produced by a longitudinal split in the grain) come under this definition.

‘Green grains’ means grains which are not fully ripened.

‘Grains showing natural malformation’ means grains showing a natural malformation whether or not of hereditary origin, as compared with the morphological characteristics typical of the variety.

‘Chalky grains’ means grains at least three-quarters of the surface of which looks opaque and chalky.

‘Grains striated with red’ means grains showing longitudinal red striations of differing intensity and shades, due to residues from the pericarp.

‘Spotted grains’ means grains showing a well-defined small circle of dark colour of more or less regular shape; spotted grains also include those which show slight black striations on the surface only; the striations and spots must not show a yellow or dark aureole.

‘Stained grains’ means grains which have undergone, on a small area of their surface, an obvious change in their natural colour; the stains may be of different colours (blackish, reddish, brown); deep black striations are also to be regarded as stains. If the colour of the stains is sufficiently marked (black, pink, reddish-brown) to be immediately visible and if they cover an area not less than half that of the grain, the grains must be considered to be yellow grains.

‘Yellow grains’ means grains which have undergone, totally or partially, otherwise than by drying, a change in their natural colour and have taken on a lemon or orange-yellow tone.

‘Amber grains’ means grains which have undergone, otherwise than by drying, a slight uniform change in colour over the whole surface; this change alters the colour of the grains to a light amber-yellow.