[F1ANNEX IIIA U.K. VERIFYING REAL DRIVING EMISSIONS

Textual Amendments

Appendix 5

Verification of trip dynamic conditions with method 1 (Moving Averaging Window) U.K.

7. NUMERICAL EXAMPLES U.K.
7.1. Averaging window calculations U.K.
Table 1

Main calculation settings

[g] 610
Direction for averaging window calculation Forward
Acquisition frequency [Hz] 1

Figure 6 shows how averaging windows are defined on the basis of data recorded during an on-road test performed with PEMS. For sake of clarity, only the first 1 200 seconds of the trip are shown hereafter.

Seconds 0 up to 43 as well as seconds 81 to 86 are excluded due to operation under zero vehicle speed.

The first averaging window starts at t 1,1 = 0s and ends at second t 2,1 = 524 s (Table 3). The window average vehicle speed, integrated CO and NO x masses [g] emitted and corresponding to the valid data over the first averaging window are listed in Table 4.

Figure 6

Instantaneous CO 2 emissions recorded during on-road test with PEMS as a function of time. Rectangular frames indicate the duration of the j th window. Data series named ‘Valid=100 / Invalid=0’ shows second by second data to be excluded from analysis

7.2. Evaluation of windows U.K.
Table 2

Calculation settings for the CO 2 characteristic curve

CO 2 Low Speed WLTC (P 1 ) [g/km] 154
CO 2 High Speed WLTC (P 2 ) [g/km] 96
CO 2 Extra-High Speed WLTC (P 3 ) [g/km] 120
Reference Point
P 1
P 2
P 3

The definition of the CO 2 characteristic curve is as follows:

For the section ( P 1 , P 2 ):

with

and: b 1 = 154 – (– 1,543) × 19.0 = 154 + 29,317 = 183,317

For the section ( P 2 , P 3 ):

with

and: b 2 = 96 – 0,672 × 56,6 = 96 – 38,035 = 57,965

Examples of calculation for the weighing factors and the window categorisation as urban, rural or motorway are:

For window #45:

For the characteristic curve:

Verification of:

124,498 × (1 – 25/100) ≤ 122,62 ≤ 124,498 × (1 + 25/100)

93,373 ≤ 122,62 ≤ 155,622

Leads to: w 45 = 1

For window #556:

For the characteristic curve:

Verification of:

105,982 × (1 – 50/100) ≤ 72,15 ≤ 105,982 × (1 + 25/100)

52,991 ≤ 72,15 ≤ 79,487

Leads to:

w 556 = k 21 h 556 + k 22 = 0,04 · (– 31,922) + 2 = 0,723

with k 21 = 1/( tol 2 – tol 1 ) = 1/(50 – 25) = 0,04

and k 22 = k 21 = tol 2 /( tol 2 – tol 1 ) = 50/(50 – 25) = 2

Table 3

Emissions numerical data

Window [#] t 1, j [s] t 2, j – Δ t [s] t 2, j [s] [g] [g]
1 0 523 524 609,06 610,22
2 1 523 524 609,06 610,22
… … … … …
43 42 523 524 609,06 610,22
44 43 523 524 609,06 610,22
45 44 523 524 609,06 610,22
46 45 524 525 609,68 610,86
47 46 524 525 609,17 610,34
… … … … …
100 99 563 564 609,69 612,74
… … … … …
200 199 686 687 608,44 610,01
… … … … …
474 473 1 024 1 025 609,84 610,60
475 474 1 029 1 030 609,80 610,49
… … … …
556 555 1 173 1 174 609,96 610,59
557 556 1 174 1 175 609,09 610,08
558 557 1 176 1 177 609,09 610,59
559 558 1 180 1 181 609,79 611,23
Table 4

Window numerical data

Window [#] t 1,j [s] t 2,j [s] d j [km] [km/h] M CO2,j [g] M CO,j [g] M NOx,j [g] M CO2,d,j [g/km] M CO,d,j [g/km] M NOx,d,j [g/km] M CO2,d,cc ( ) [g/km] Window (U/R/M) h j [%] w j [%]
1 0 524 4,98 38,12 610,22 2,25 3,51 122,61 0,45 0,71 124,51 URBAN – 1,53 1,00
2 1 524 4,98 38,12 610,22 2,25 3,51 122,61 0,45 0,71 124,51 URBAN – 1,53 1,00
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
43 42 524 4,98 38,12 610,22 2,25 3,51 122,61 0,45 0,71 124,51 URBAN – 1,53 1,00
44 43 524 4,98 38,12 610,22 2,25 3,51 122,61 0,45 0,71 124,51 URBAN – 1,53 1,00
45 44 524 4,98 38,12 610,22 2,25 3,51 122,62 0,45 0,71 124,51 URBAN – 1,51 1,00
46 45 525 4,99 38,25 610,86 2,25 3,52 122,36 0,45 0,71 124,30 URBAN – 1,57 1,00
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
100 99 564 5,25 41,23 612,74 2,00 3,68 116,77 0,38 0,70 119,70 URBAN – 2,45 1,00
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
200 199 687 6,17 46,32 610,01 2,07 4,32 98,93 0,34 0,70 111,85 RURAL – 11,55 1,00
… … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
474 473 1 025 7,82 52,00 610,60 2,05 4,82 78,11 0,26 0,62 103,10 RURAL – 24,24 1,00
475 474 1 030 7,87 51,98 610,49 2,06 4,82 77,57 0,26 0,61 103,13 RURAL – 24,79 1,00
… … … … … … … … … … … … … …
556 555 1 174 8,46 50,12 610,59 2,23 4,98 72,15 0,26 0,59 105,99 RURAL – 31,93 0,72
557 556 1 175 8,46 50,12 610,08 2,23 4,98 72,10 0,26 0,59 106,00 RURAL – 31,98 0,72
558 557 1 177 8,46 50,07 610,59 2,23 4,98 72,13 0,26 0,59 106,08 RURAL – 32,00 0,72
559 558 1 181 8,48 49,93 611,23 2,23 5,00 72,06 0,26 0,59 106,28 RURAL – 32,20 0,71
7.3. Urban, rural and motorway windows — Trip completeness U.K.

In this numerical example, the trip consists of 7 036 averaging windows. Table 5 lists the number of windows classified in urban, rural and motorway according to their average vehicle speed and divided in regions with respect to their distance to the CO 2 characteristic curve. The trip is complete since it comprises at least 15 % of urban, rural and motorway windows out of the total number of windows. In addition the trip is characterised as normal since at least 50 % of the urban, rural and motorway windows are within the primary tolerances defined for the characteristic curve.

Table 5

Verification of trip completeness and normality

Driving Conditions Numbers Percentage of windows
All Windows
Urban 1 909 1 909 / 7 036 × 100 = 27,1 > 15
Rural 2 011 2 011 / 7 036 × 100 = 28,6 > 15
Motorway 3 116 3 116 / 7 036 × 100 = 44,3 > 15
Total 1 909 + 2 011 + 3 116 = 7 036
Normal Windows
Urban 1 514 1 514 / 1 909 × 100 = 79,3 > 50
Rural 1 395 1 395 / 2 011 × 100 = 69,4 > 50
Motorway 2 708 2 708 / 3 116 × 100 = 86,9 > 50
Total 1 514 + 1 395 + 2 708 = 5 617 ]