The service accumulation schedule shall allow acceleration of the ageing of the replacement pollution control device, using the information gathered during the data collection phase set out in point 2.2.

The service accumulation schedule shall consist of a thermal accumulation schedule and a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule in accordance with point 2.4.4.6. The manufacturer, in agreement with the type-approval authority, may not have to carry out a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule in case the replacement pollution control devices are placed downstream of an after-treatment filter component (e.g. diesel particulate filter). Both the thermal accumulation schedule and the lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall consist of a repetition of, respectively, a series of thermal and lubricant consumption sequences.

In the case of replacement pollution control devices operating in the presence of active regeneration, the thermal sequence shall be complemented with an active regeneration mode.

For service accumulation schedules consisting of both thermal and lubricant consumption accumulation schedules, their respective sequences shall be alternated, so that for each thermal sequence that has to be performed, the following sequence corresponds to lubricant consumption.

It is allowed to perform the service accumulation schedule at the same time for different devices. In that case, a single service accumulation schedule shall be set for all the devices.

The thermal accumulation schedule shall simulate the effect of thermal ageing on the performance of a replacement pollution control device until the end of its lifetime.

The engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule, fitted with the exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, is operated for a minimum of three consecutive thermal sequences, as set out in Appendix 4.

The temperatures shall be recorded over a minimum of two thermal sequences. The first sequence, conducted for warming up, shall not be taken into account for the purpose of temperature gathering.

The temperatures shall be recorded at suitable locations, chosen in accordance with points 2.2.6 to 2.2.9, at a minimum rate of once every second (1 Hz).

The effective ageing time corresponding to the thermal sequences referred to in point 2.4.2.3, shall be calculated in accordance with the following equations:

• Equation 3:

  $t_i^e=\frac{\sum _{n_c=1}^C{e}^{\left(\left(\frac{R}{T_r}\right)-\left(\frac{R}{T_i}\right)\right)}}{C}$

• Equation 4:

  $\mathrm{AE}=\sum _{i=1}^p{t}_i^e$

Where:

$t_i^e$

the effective ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature T_r, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device at the temperature T_i during the second i.

T_i

the temperature, in K, measured in the second i, in each one of the thermal sequences.

R

thermal reactivity of the replacement pollution control device. The manufacturer shall agree with the type-approval authority on the R value to be used. It will also be possible, as alternative, to use the following default values:

• Diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC): 18 050.

• Catalysed DPF: 18 050

• SCR or ammonia oxidation catalyst (AMOX) based on iron-zeolite (Fe-Z): 5 175

• SCR copper-zeolite (Cu-Z): 11 550

• SCR Vanadium (V): 5 175

• LNT (lean-NO_x trap): 18 050

T_r

reference temperature, in K, being the same value as in equation 1.

AE

Effective ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature T_r, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device during the duration of the thermal sequence.

AT

total equivalent ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature T_r, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device, over its useful life, to the temperature $T_i^{\mathrm{bin}}$ during the time $t_i^{\mathrm{bin}}$ of each one of the i bins registered in the histogram.

i

number of temperature measurement.

p

total number of temperature measurements.

n_c

thermal sequence number, of those conducted for the purpose of temperature gathering, in accordance with point 2.4.2.3.

C

total number of thermal sequences conducted for the purpose of temperature gathering.

The total number of thermal sequences to be included in the service accumulation schedule shall be determined by applying the following equation:

Equation 5:

N_TS = AT/AE

Where:

N_TS

total number of thermal sequences to be carried out during the service accumulation schedule

AT

total equivalent ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature T_r, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device, over its useful life, to the temperature $T_i^{\mathrm{bin}}$ during the time $t_i^{\mathrm{bin}}$ of each one of the i bins registered in the histogram.

AE

Effective ageing time, in hours, needed to achieve, by exposing the replacement pollution control device at the temperature T_r, the same amount of ageing as the one that would result from exposure of the replacement pollution control device during the duration of the thermal sequence.

It is allowed to reduce N_TS and, consequently the service accumulation schedule, by increasing the temperatures at which each device is exposed at each mode of the ageing cycle through the application of one or several of the following measures:

1. (a)

   insulating the exhaust pipe;

2. (b)

   moving the replacement pollution control device closer to the exhaust manifold;

3. (c)

   artificially heating up the temperature of the exhaust;

4. (d)

   optimising the engine settings without substantially changing the emission behaviour of the engine.

When applying the measures referred to in points 2.4.4.6 and 2.4.4.7, the total ageing time calculated from N_TS shall not be less than 10 % of the useful life listed in Table 1, e.g. the vehicle category N₁ shall not have an N_TS of less than 286 thermal sequences, assuming that each sequence is 1 hour long.

It is allowed to increase N_TS and, consequently, the duration of the service accumulation schedule, by lowering the temperatures at each mode of the ageing cycle through the application of one or several of the following measures:

1. (a)

   moving the replacement pollution control device further away from the exhaust manifold;

2. (b)

   artificially cooling down the temperature of the exhaust;

3. (c)

   optimising the engine settings.

In the case referred to in point 2.4.1.5, the following shall apply:

1. 2.4.2.10.1.

   N_TS shall be the same for each device, so that a single service accumulation schedule can be set up.

2. 2.4.2.10.2.

   In order to achieve the same N_TS for each device, a first N_TS value shall be calculated for each device, with its own AT and AE values.

3. 2.4.2.10.3.

   If the calculated N_TS values are different, one or more of the measures set out in points 2.4.2.7 to 2.4.2.10 may be applied on the device or devices for which N_TS needs to be modified, over the thermal sequences referred to in point 2.4.2.3, in order to influence the measured T_i and therefore conveniently speed up or slow down the artificial ageing of the targeted device or devices.

4. 2.4.2.10.4.

   The new N_TS values corresponding to the new temperatures T_i obtained in point 2.4.2.10.3 shall be calculated.

5. 2.4.2.10.5.

   The steps set out in points 2.4.2.10.3 and 2.4.2.10.4 shall be repeated until the N_TS values obtained for each device in the system match.

6. 2.4.2.10.6.

   The T_r values used for obtaining the different N_TS in points 2.4.2.10.4 and 2.4.2.10.5 shall be the same ones as those used in points 2.3.2 and 2.3.5 for calculating AT for each device.

In the case of an assembly of replacement pollution control devices constituting a system within the meaning of Article 3(25) of Directive 2007/46/EC, one of the following two options may be considered for the thermal ageing of the devices:

1. 2.4.2.11.1.

   The devices within the assembly may be either separately or jointly aged, in accordance with point 2.4.2.10.

2. 2.4.2.11.2.

   If the assembly is built in such a way that it is not possible to decouple the devices (e.g. DOC + SCR in a can), the thermal ageing of the assembly shall be carried out with the highest N_TS.

The modified thermal accumulation schedule for devices operating in the presence of active regeneration shall simulate the effect of ageing due to both thermal load and active regeneration on a replacement pollution control device at the end of its lifetime.

The engine used for the service accumulation schedule, fitted with the exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, is operated for a minimum of three modified thermal sequences, consisting each sequence of a thermal sequence as set out in Appendix 4, followed by a complete active regeneration, during which the peak temperature reached in the after-treatment system should be not lower than the peak temperature recorded in the data collection phase.

The temperatures shall be recorded over a minimum of two modified thermal sequences. The first sequence, conducted for warming up, shall not be taken into account for the purpose of temperature gathering.

In order to minimise the time elapsed between the thermal sequence as set out in Appendix 4 and the subsequent active regeneration, the manufacturer may artificially trigger the active regeneration by running, after each thermal sequence as set out in Appendix 4, the engine at a steady mode that enables a high production of soot by the engine. In that case, the steady mode shall also be considered as part of the modified thermal sequence set out in point 2.4.3.2.

The effective ageing time corresponding to each modified thermal sequence shall be calculated using equations 3 and 4.

The total number of modified thermal sequences to be conducted during the service accumulation schedule shall be calculated using equation 5.

It is allowed to reduce N_TS, and consequently the duration of the service accumulation schedule, by increasing the temperatures at each mode of the modified thermal sequence, applying one or several of the measures set out in point 2.4.2.7.

In addition to the measures referred to in point 2.4.3.7, N_TS can also be reduced by increasing the peak temperature of the active regeneration within the modified thermal sequence, without exceeding a bed temperature of 800 °C under any circumstances.

N_TS shall never be less than 50 % of the number of active regenerations to which the replacement pollution control device is subjected during its useful life, calculated in accordance with the following equation:

Equation 5:

$N_{\mathrm{AR}}=\frac{t_{\mathrm{WHTC}}}{t_{\mathrm{AR}}+t_{\mathrm{BAR}}}$

Where:

N_AR

number of active regeneration sequences over the useful life of the replacement pollution control device.

t_WHTC

equivalent number of hours corresponding to the vehicle category for which the replacement pollution control device is intended, obtained from Table 1.

t_AR

duration, in hours, of an active regeneration.

t_BAR

time, in hours, between two consecutive active regenerations.

If, as consequence of the application of the minimum number of modified thermal sequences as set out in point 2.4.3.9, AE × N_TS calculated using equation 4 exceeds the AT calculated using equation 2, the time of each mode of the thermal sequence set out in Appendix 4, and embedded in the modified thermal sequence as set out in point 2.4.3.2, may be reduced in the same proportion, in order to make AE × N_TS = AT.

It is allowed to increase N_TS and consequently the duration of the service accumulation schedule, by lowering the temperatures at each mode of the thermal-active regeneration sequence by applying one or several of the measures set out in point 2.4.2.9.

In the case referred to in point 2.4.1.5, points 2.4.2.10 and 2.4.2.11 shall apply

The lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall simulate the effect of ageing due to chemical poisoning or deposit formation as a result of lubricant consumption, on the performance of a replacement pollution control device at the end of its lifetime.

The lubricant consumed, in g/h, shall be determined over a minimum of 24 thermal sequences or a corresponding number of modified thermal sequences, using any suitable method, as for example the drain and weigh procedure described in Appendix 6. Fresh lubricant shall be used.

The engine shall be equipped with a constant volume oil sump in order to avoid the need of ‘top-offs’, since oil level influences the oil consumption rate. Any suitable method, as for example the one described in the ASTM standard D7156-09, may be used.

The theoretical time, in hours, that the thermal accumulation schedule or modified thermal accumulation schedule, as it corresponds, would have to be conducted, in order to obtain the same lubricant consumption as the one corresponding to the useful life of the replacement control device, shall be calculated by applying the following equation:

Equation 6:

$t_{\mathrm{TAS}}=\frac{{\mathrm{LCR}}_{\mathrm{WHTC}}\times t_{\mathrm{WHTC}}}{{\mathrm{LCR}}_{\mathrm{TAS}}}$

Where:

t_TAS

theoretical duration, in hours, of the service accumulation schedule required to obtain the same lubricant consumption as the one corresponding to the useful life of the replacement pollution control device, provided that the service accumulation schedule is only made up of a series of consecutive thermal sequences or consecutive modified thermal sequences.

LCR_WHTC

lubricant consumption rate, in g/h determined as set out in point 2.2.15.

t_WHTC

equivalent number of hours corresponding to the vehicle category for which the replacement pollution control device is intended, obtained from Table 1.

LCR_TAS

lubricant consumption rate, in g/h, determined as set out in point 2.4.4.2.

The number of thermal sequences or modified thermal sequences corresponding to t_TAS shall be calculated by applying the following ratio:

Equation 7:

$N=\frac{t_{\mathrm{TAS}}}{T_{\mathrm{TS}}}$

Where:

N

number of thermal sequences or modified thermal sequences corresponding to t_TAS.

t_TAS

theoretical duration, in hours, of the service accumulation schedule required to obtain the same lubricant consumption as the one corresponding to the useful life of the replacement pollution control device, provided that the service accumulation schedule was only made up of a series of consecutive thermal sequences or consecutive modified thermal sequences.

t_TS

duration, in hours, of a single thermal sequence or modified thermal sequence.

The value of N shall be compared to the value of N_TS calculated in accordance with point 2.4.2.6 or, for devices operating in the presence of active regeneration, in accordance with point 2.4.3.5. If N ≤ N_TS, it is not necessary to add a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule to the thermal accumulation schedule. If N > N_TS, a lubricant consumption accumulation schedule shall be added to the thermal accumulation schedule.

A lubricant consumption accumulation schedule may not have to be added if, by increasing the lubricant consumption as described in point 2.4.4.8.4, the needed lubricant consumption is already achieved with the conduction of the corresponding thermal accumulation schedule consisting of the performance of N_TS thermal sequences or modified thermal sequences.

The service accumulation schedule shall be built up alternating a thermal or a modified thermal sequence, as appropriate, with a lubricant consumption sequence. The aforementioned pattern shall be repeated N_TS times, being the N_TS value the one calculated either in accordance with Section 2.4.2 or with Section 2.4.3, as appropriate. An example of a complete service accumulation schedule is given in Appendix 7. A flowchart describing the development of a complete service accumulation schedule is given in Appendix 8.

The engine, fitted with the exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device, shall run the service accumulation schedule set out in point 2.4.5.1.

The engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule may be different to the engine used in the data collection phase, being the latter always the one for which the replacement pollution control device to be type-approved has been designed, and the one to be tested for emissions under point 2.4.3.2.

If the engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule features a larger displacement by 20 % or more than the engine used in the data collection phase, the exhaust system of the former should be equipped with a by-pass in order to replicate as closely as possible the exhaust flow rate of the latter at the ageing conditions selected.

In the case referred to in point 2.4.6.2, the engine used for the performance of the service accumulation schedule shall be type-approved under Regulation (EC) No 595/2009. In addition, if the device or devices under test are intended for being fitted in an engine system with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), the engine system used for the service accumulation schedule shall also be fitted with an EGR. If the device or devices under test are intended for not being fitted in an engine system with EGR, the engine system used for the service accumulation schedule shall also not be fitted with an EGR.

The lubricant and the fuel used in the service accumulation schedule shall be as similar as possible to those used during the data collection phase set out in point 2.2. The lubricant must be in line with the recommendation of the engine manufacturer for which the pollution control device is designed. The fuels used should be market fuels fulfilling the corresponding requirements of Directive 98/70/EC. On the request of the manufacturer also reference fuels in accordance with this Regulation can be used.

The lubricant shall be changed for maintenance, at the intervals scheduled by the manufacturer of the engine used in the data collection phase.

In the case of an SCR, the urea injection shall be performed in accordance with the strategy defined by the manufacturer of the replacement pollution control device.