The replacement pollution control device shall be durable, that is designed, constructed and capable of being mounted so that reasonable resistance to the corrosion and oxidation phenomena to which it is exposed is obtained, having regard to the conditions of use of the vehicle.
The design of the replacement pollution control device shall be such that the elements active in controlling emissions are adequately protected from mechanical shock so as to ensure that pollutant emissions are effectively limited throughout the normal life of the vehicle under normal conditions of use.
The applicant for type-approval shall provide to the approval authority details of the test used to establish robustness to mechanical shock and the results of that test.
The engines indicated in point (a) of Article 16(4) equipped with a complete emissions control system, including the replacement pollution control device of the type for which approval is requested, shall be subjected to tests appropriate for the intended application as described in Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49, in order to compare its performance with the original emissions control system in accordance with the procedure described in points 4.3.1.1 and 4.3.1.2.]
The durability of a replacement pollution control device is determined from a comparison of the two successive sets of exhaust gas emissions tests:
the first set is that made with the replacement pollution control device which has been run in with 12 WHSC Cycles;
the second set is that made with the replacement pollution control device which has been aged by the procedures detailed below.
Where approval is applied for different types of engines from the same engine manufacturer, and provided that these different types of engines are fitted with an identical original equipment pollution control system, the testing may be limited to at least two engines selected after agreement with the approval authority.
Textual Amendments
F1 Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) No 133/2014 of 31 January 2014 amending, for the purposes of adapting to technical progress as regards emission limits, Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 (Text with EEA relevance).
[F1The exhaust after-treatment system shall be preconditioned with 12 WHSC cycles. After this preconditioning, the engines shall be tested in accordance with the WHDC test procedures described in Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49. Three exhaust gas tests of each appropriate type shall be performed.]
The test engines with the original exhaust after-treatment system or original replacement exhaust after-treatment system shall comply with the limit values according to the type-approval of the engine or vehicle.
The replacement pollution control device to be evaluated shall be fitted to the exhaust after-treatment system tested according to the requirements of point 4.3.2.1, replacing the relevant original equipment exhaust after-treatment device.
[F1The exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the replacement pollution control device shall then be preconditioned with 12 WHSC cycles. After this preconditioning, the engines shall be tested in accordance with the WHDC procedures described in Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49. Three exhaust gas tests of each appropriate type shall be performed.]
The requirements regarding emissions of the engines equipped with the replacement pollution control device shall be deemed to be fulfilled if the results for each regulated pollutant (CO, HC, NMHC, methane, NOx, NH3, particulate mass and particle number as appropriate for the type-approval of the engine) meet the following conditions:
M ≤ 0,85S + 0,4G;
M ≤ G
where:
:
mean value of the emissions of one pollutant obtained from the three tests with the replacement pollution control device.
:
mean value of the emissions of one pollutant obtained from the three tests with the original or original replacement pollution control device.
:
limit value of the emissions of one pollutant according to the type-approval of the vehicle.
The exhaust after-treatment system tested in point 4.3.2.2 and incorporating the replacement pollution control device shall be subjected to the durability procedures described in Appendix 4.
The aged exhaust after-treatment system incorporating the aged replacement control device shall then be fitted to the test engine used in points 4.3.2.1 and 4.3.2.2
[F1The aged exhaust after-treatment systems shall be preconditioned with 12 WHSC cycles and subsequently tested using the WHDC procedures described in Annex 4 to UNECE Regulation No 49. Three exhaust gas tests of each appropriate type shall be performed.]
The ageing factor for each pollutant shall be the ratio of the applied emission value at the useful life end point and that at the start of the service accumulation (e.g., if the emissions of pollutant A at the start of the service accumulation are 1.50 g/kWh and those at the useful life end point are 1.82 g/kWh, the ageing factor is 1,82/1,50 = 1,21).]
The requirements regarding emissions of the engines equipped with the aged replacement pollution control device (as described in point 4.3.2.5) shall be deemed to be fulfilled if the results for each regulated pollutant (CO, HC, NMHC, methane, NOx, NH3, particulate mass and particle number as appropriate for the type-approval of the engine) meet the following condition:
M × AF ≤ G
where:
:
mean value of the emissions of one pollutant obtained from the three tests with the preconditioned replacement pollution control device before ageing (i.e. results from Section 4.3.2)
:
the aging factor for one pollutant
:
limit value of the emissions of one pollutant according to the type-approval of the vehicle(s).
The manufacturer may identify a replacement pollution control device technology family, to be identified by basic characteristics which shall be common to devices within the family.
To belong to the same replacement pollution control device technology family the replacement pollution control devices shall have the following:
the same emissions control mechanism (oxidation catalyst, three-way catalyst, particulate filter, selective catalytic reduction for NOx, etc.);
the same substrate material (same type of ceramic, or same type of metal);
the same substrate type and cell density;
the same catalytically active materials and, where more than one, the same ratio of catalytically active materials;
the same total charge of catalytically active materials;
the same type of washcoat applied by the same process.
Where the manufacturer has identified a replacement pollution control technology family, the procedures described in point 4.3.2 may be used to determine the Aging Factors (AFs) for each pollutant for the parent of that family. The engine on which these tests are conducted shall have a minimum engine displacement of [0,75 dm3] per cylinder.
A replacement pollution control device A within a family and intended to be mounted on an engine of displacement CA may be considered to have the same aging factors as the parent replacement pollution control device P, determined on an engine of displacement CP, if the following conditions are fulfilled:
VA/CA ≥ VP/CP
where:
:
Substrate volume (in dm3) of replacement pollution control device A
:
Substrate volume (in dm3) of the parent replacement pollution control device P of the same family; and
both engines use the same method for regeneration of any emissions control devices incorporated in the original exhaust after-treatment system. This requirement shall apply only where devices requiring regeneration are incorporated in the original exhaust after-treatment system.
If these conditions are fulfilled, the emissions durability performance of other members of the family may be determined from the emissions results (S) of that family member determined according to the requirements set out in points 4.3.2.1, 4.3.2.2 and 4.3.2.3 and using the Aging Factors determined for the parent of that family.
The back pressure shall not cause the complete exhaust system to exceed the value specified according to point 4.1.2 of Annex I.