ANNEX IGENERAL FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATED NATIONAL ENERGY AND CLIMATE PLANS
Part 1General framework
SECTION A: NATIONAL PLAN
1.OVERVIEW AND PROCESS FOR ESTABLISHING THE PLAN
1.1.Executive summary
- i.
Political, economic, environmental, and social context of the plan
- ii.
Strategy relating to the five dimensions of the Energy Union
- iii.
Overview table with key objectives, policies and measures of the plan
1.2.Overview of current policy situation
- i.
National and Union energy system and policy context of the national plan
- ii.
Current energy and climate policies and measures relating to the five dimensions of the Energy Union
- iii.
Key issues of cross-border relevance
- iv.
Administrative structure of implementing national energy and climate policies
1.3.Consultations and involvement of national and Union entities and their outcome
- i.
Involvement of the national parliament
- ii.
Involvement of local and regional authorities
- iii.
Consultations of stakeholders, including the social partners, and engagement of civil society and the general public
- iv.
Consultations of other Member States
- v.
Iterative process with the Commission
1.4.Regional cooperation in preparing the plan
- i.
Elements subject to joint or coordinated planning with other Member States
- ii.
Explanation of how regional cooperation is considered in the plan
2.NATIONAL OBJECTIVES AND TARGETS
2.1.Dimension decarbonisation
2.1.1.GHG emissions and removals39
- i.
The elements set out in point (a)(1) of Article 4
- ii.
Where applicable, other national objectives and targets consistent with the Paris Agreement and the existing long-term strategies. Where applicable for the contribution to the overall Union commitment of reducing the GHG emissions, other objectives and targets, including sector targets and adaptation goals, if available
2.1.2.Renewable energy
- i.
The elements set out in point (a)(2) of Article 4
- ii.
Estimated trajectories for the sectoral share of renewable energy in final energy consumption from 2021 to 2030 in the electricity, heating and cooling, and transport sector
- iii.
Estimated trajectories by renewable energy technology that the Member State projects to use to achieve the overall and sectoral trajectories for renewable energy from 2021 to 2030, including expected total gross final energy consumption per technology and sector in Mtoe and total planned installed capacity (divided by new capacity and repowering) per technology and sector in MW
- iv.
Estimated trajectories on bioenergy demand, disaggregated between heat, electricity and transport, and on biomass supply by feedstocks and origin (distinguishing between domestic production and imports). For forest biomass, an assessment of its source and impact on the LULUCF sink
- v.
Where applicable, other national trajectories and objectives, including those that are long term or sectoral (e.g. share of renewable energy in district heating, renewable energy use in buildings, renewable energy produced by cities, renewable energy communities and renewables self-consumers, energy recovered from the sludge acquired through the treatment of wastewater)
2.2.Dimension energy efficiency
- i.
The elements set out in point (b) of Article 4
- ii.
The indicative milestones for 2030, 2040 and 2050, the domestically established measurable progress indicators, an evidence-based estimate of expected energy savings and wider benefits, and their contributions to the Union's energy efficiency targets as included in the roadmaps set out in the long-term renovation strategies for the national stock of residential and non-residential buildings, both public and private, in accordance with Article 2a of Directive 2010/31/EU
- iii.
Where applicable, other national objectives, including long-term targets or strategies and sectoral targets, and national objectives in areas such as energy efficiency in the transport sector and with regard to heating and cooling
2.3.Dimension energy security
- i.
The elements set out in point (c) of Article 4
- ii.
National objectives with regard to increasing: the diversification of energy sources and supply from third countries for the purpose of increasing the resilience of regional and national energy systems
- iii.
Where applicable, national objectives with regard to reducing energy import dependency from third countries, for the purpose of increasing the resilience of regional and national energy systems
- iv.
National objectives with regard to increasing the flexibility of the national energy system, in particular by means of deploying domestic energy sources, demand response and energy storage
2.4.Dimension internal energy market
2.4.1.Electricity interconnectivity
- i.
The level of electricity interconnectivity that the Member State aims for in 2030 in consideration of the electricity interconnection target for 2030 of at least 15 %, with a strategy with the level from 2021 onwards defined in close cooperation with affected Member States, taking into account the 2020 interconnection target of 10 % and the following indicators of the urgency of action:
- (1)
Price differential in the wholesale market exceeding an indicative threshold of EUR 2/MWh between Member States, regions or bidding zones;
- (2)
Nominal transmission capacity of interconnectors below 30 % of peak load;
- (3)
Nominal transmission capacity of interconnectors below 30 % of installed renewable generation.
Each new interconnector shall be subject to a socioeconomic and environmental cost-benefit analysis and implemented only if the potential benefits outweigh the costs
- (1)
2.4.2.Energy transmission infrastructure
- i.
Key electricity and gas transmission infrastructure projects, and, where relevant, modernisation projects, that are necessary for the achievement of objectives and targets under the five dimensions of the Energy Union Strategy
- ii.
Where applicable, main infrastructure projects envisaged other than Projects of Common Interest (PCIs)40
2.4.3.Market integration
- i.
National objectives related to other aspects of the internal energy market such as increasing system flexibility, in particular related to the promotion of competitively determined electricity prices in line with relevant sectoral law, market integration and coupling, aimed at increasing the tradeable capacity of existing interconnectors, smart grids, aggregation, demand response, storage, distributed generation, mechanisms for dispatching, re-dispatching and curtailment, and real-time price signals, including a timeframe for when the objectives shall be met
- ii.
Where applicable, national objectives related to the non-discriminatory participation of renewable energy, demand response and storage, including via aggregation, in all energy markets, including a timeframe for when the objectives are to be met
- iii.
Where applicable, national objectives with regard to ensuring that consumers participate in the energy system and benefit from self-generation and new technologies, including smart meters;
- iv.
National objectives with regard to ensuring electricity system adequacy, as well as for the flexibility of the energy system with regard to renewable energy production, including a timeframe for when the objectives are to be met
- v.
Where applicable, national objectives to protect energy consumers and improve the competitiveness of the retail energy sector
2.4.4.Energy poverty
Where applicable, national objectives with regard to energy poverty, including a timeframe for when the objectives are to be met
2.5.Dimension research, innovation and competitiveness
- i.
National objectives and funding targets for public and, where available, private research and innovation relating to the Energy Union, including, where appropriate, a timeframe for when the objectives are to be met
- ii.
Where available, national 2050 objectives related to the promotion of clean energy technologies and, where appropriate, national objectives, including long-term targets (2050) for deployment of low-carbon technologies, including for decarbonising energy and carbon-intensive industrial sectors and, where applicable, for related carbon transport and storage infrastructure
- iii.
Where applicable, national objectives with regard to competitiveness
3.POLICIES AND MEASURES
3.1.Dimension decarbonisation
3.1.1.GHG emissions and removals
- i.
Policies and measures to achieve the target set under Regulation (EU) 2018/842 as referred in point 2.1.1 and policies and measures to comply with Regulation (EU) 2018/841, covering all key emitting sectors and sectors for the enhancement of removals, with an outlook to the long-term vision and goal to become a low emission economy and achieving a balance between emissions and removals in accordance with the Paris Agreement
- ii.
Where relevant, regional cooperation in this area
- iii.
Without prejudice to the applicability of State aid rules, financing measures, including Union support and the use of Union funds, in this area at national level, where applicable
3.1.2.Renewable energy
- i.
Policies and measures to achieve the national contribution to the binding 2030 Union target for renewable energy and trajectories as referred to in point (a)(2) Article 4, and, where applicable or available, the elements referred to in point 2.1.2 of this Annex, including sector- and technology-specific measures41
- ii.
Where relevant, specific measures for regional cooperation, as well as, as an option, the estimated excess production of energy from renewable sources which could be transferred to other Member States in order to achieve the national contribution and trajectories referred to in point 2.1.2
- iii.
Specific measures on financial support, where applicable, including Union support and the use of Union funds, for the promotion of the production and use of energy from renewable sources in electricity, heating and cooling, and transport
- iv.
Where applicable, the assessment of the support for electricity from renewable sources that Member States are to carry out pursuant to Article 6(4) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001
- v.
Specific measures to introduce one or more contact points, streamline administrative procedures, provide information and training, and facilitate the uptake of power purchase agreements
Summary of the policies and measures under the enabling framework Member States have to put in place pursuant to Article 21(6) and Article 22(5) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 to promote and facilitate the development of self-consumption and renewable energy communities
- vi.
Assessment of the necessity to build new infrastructure for district heating and cooling produced from renewable sources
- vii.
Where applicable, specific measures on the promotion of the use of energy from biomass, especially for new biomass mobilisation taking into account:
biomass availability, including sustainable biomass: both domestic potential and imports from third countries
other biomass uses by other sectors (agriculture and forest-based sectors); as well as measures for the sustainability of biomass production and use
3.1.3.Other elements of the dimension
- i.
Where applicable, national policies and measures affecting the EU ETS sector and assessment of the complementarity and impacts on the EU ETS
- ii.
Policies and measures to achieve other national targets, where applicable
- iii.
Policies and measures to achieve low emission mobility (including electrification of transport)
- iv.
Where applicable, national policies, timelines and measures planned to phase out energy subsidies, in particular for fossil fuels
3.2.Dimension energy efficiency
Planned policies, measures and programmes to achieve the indicative national energy efficiency contributions for 2030 as well as other objectives referred to in point 2.2, including planned measures and instruments (also of a financial nature) to promote the energy performance of buildings, in particular with regard to the following:
- i.
Energy efficiency obligation schemes and alternative policy measures under Articles 7a and 7b and Article 20(6) of Directive 2012/27/EU and to be prepared in accordance with Annex III to this Regulation
- ii.
Long-term renovation strategy to support the renovation of the national stock of residential and non-residential buildings, both public and private42, including policies, measures and actions to stimulate cost-effective deep renovation and policies and actions to target the worst performing segments of the national building stock, in accordance with Article 2a of Directive 2010/31/EU
- iii.
Description of policy and measures to promote energy services in the public sector and measures to remove regulatory and non-regulatory barriers that impede the uptake of energy performance contracting and other energy efficiency service models43
- iv.
Other planned policies, measures and programmes to achieve the indicative national energy efficiency contributions for 2030 as well as other objectives referred to in point 2.2 (for example measures to promote the exemplary role of public buildings and energy-efficient public procurement, measures to promote energy audits and energy management systems44, consumer information and training measures45, and other measures to promote energy efficiency46)
- v.
Where applicable, a description of policies and measures to promote the role of local renewable energy communities in contributing to the implementation of policies and measures in points i, ii, iii and iv
- vi.
Description of measures to develop measures to utilise energy efficiency potentials of gas and electricity infrastructure47
- vii.
Regional cooperation in this area, where applicable
- viii.
Financing measures, including Union support and the use of Union funds, in the area at national level
3.3.Dimension energy security48
- i.
Policies and measures related to the elements set out in point 2.349
- ii.
Regional cooperation in this area
- iii.
Where applicable, financing measures in this area at national level, including Union support and the use of Union funds
3.4.Dimension internal energy market50
3.4.1.Electricity infrastructure
- i.
Policies and measures to achieve the targeted level of interconnectivity as set out in point (d) of Article 4
- ii.
Regional cooperation in this area51
- iii.
Where applicable, financing measures in this area at national level, including Union support and the use of Union funds
3.4.2.Energy transmission infrastructure
- i.
Policies and measures related to the elements set out in point 2.4.2, including, where applicable, specific measures to enable the delivery of Projects of Common Interest (PCIs) and other key infrastructure projects
- ii.
Regional cooperation in this area52
- iii.
Where applicable, financing measures in this area at national level, including Union support and the use of Union funds
3.4.3.Market integration
- i.
Policies and measures related to the elements set out in point 2.4.3
- ii.
Measures to increase the flexibility of the energy system with regard to renewable energy production such as smart grids, aggregation, demand response, storage, distributed generation, mechanisms for dispatching, re-dispatching and curtailment, real-time price signals, including the roll-out of intraday market coupling and cross-border balancing markets
- iii.
Where applicable, measures to ensure the non-discriminatory participation of renewable energy, demand response and storage, including via aggregation, in all energy markets
- iv.
Policies and measures to protect consumers, especially vulnerable and, where applicable, energy poor consumers, and to improve the competitiveness and contestability of the retail energy market
- v.
Description of measures to enable and develop demand response, including those addressing tariffs to support dynamic pricing53
3.4.4.Energy poverty
- i.
Where applicable, policies and measures to achieve the objectives set out in point 2.4.4
3.5.Dimension research, innovation and competitiveness
- i.
Policies and measures related to the elements set out in point 2.5
- ii.
Where applicable, cooperation with other Member States in this area, including, where appropriate, information on how the SET Plan objectives and policies are being translated to a national context
- iii.
Where applicable, financing measures in this area at national level, including Union support and the use of Union funds
SECTION B: ANALYTICAL BASIS54
4.CURRENT SITUATION AND PROJECTIONS WITH EXISTING POLICIES AND MEASURES5556
4.1.Projected evolution of main exogenous factors influencing energy system and GHG emission developments
- i.
Macroeconomic forecasts (GDP and population growth)
- ii.
Sectoral changes expected to impact the energy system and GHG emissions
- iii.
Global energy trends, international fossil fuel prices, EU ETS carbon price
- iv.
Technology cost developments
4.2.Dimension Decarbonisation
4.2.1.GHG emissions and removals
- i.
Trends in current GHG emissions and removals in the EU ETS, effort sharing and LULUCF sectors and different energy sectors
- ii.
Projections of sectoral developments with existing national and Union policies and measures at least until 2040 (including for the year 2030)
4.2.2.Renewable energy
- i.
Current share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption and in different sectors (heating and cooling, electricity and transport) as well as per technology in each of these sectors
- ii.
Indicative projections of development with existing policies for the year 2030 (with an outlook to the year 2040)
4.3.Dimension Energy efficiency
- i.
Current primary and final energy consumption in the economy and per sector (including industry, residential, service and transport)
- ii.
Current potential for the application of high-efficiency cogeneration and efficient district heating and cooling57
- iii.
Projections considering existing energy efficiency policies, measures and programmes as described in point 1.2.(ii) for primary and final energy consumption for each sector at least until 2040 (including for the year 2030)58
- iv.
Cost-optimal levels of minimum energy performance requirements resulting from national calculations, in accordance with Article 5 of Directive 2010/31/EU
4.4.Dimension energy security
- i.
Current energy mix, domestic energy resources, import dependency, including relevant risks
- ii.
Projections of development with existing policies and measures at least until 2040 (including for the year 2030)
4.5.Dimension internal energy market
4.5.1.Electricity interconnectivity
4.5.2.Energy transmission infrastructure
4.5.3.Electricity and gas markets, energy prices
- i.
Current situation of electricity and gas markets, including energy prices
- ii.
Projections of development with existing policies and measures at least until 2040 (including for the year 2030)
4.6.Dimension research, innovation and competitiveness
- i.
Current situation of the low-carbon-technologies sector and, to the extent possible, its position on the global market (that analysis is to be carried out at Union or global level)
- ii.
Current level of public and, where available, private research and innovation spending on low-carbon-technologies, current number of patents, and current number of researchers
- iii.
Breakdown of current price elements that make up the main three price components (energy, network, taxes/levies)
- iv.
Description of energy subsidies, including for fossil fuels
5.IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PLANNED POLICIES AND MEASURES63
5.1.Impacts of planned policies and measures described in section 3 on energy system and GHG emissions and removals, including comparison to projections with existing policies and measures (as described in section 4).
- i.
Projections of the development of the energy system and GHG emissions and removals as well as, where relevant of emissions of air pollutants in accordance with Directive (EU) 2016/2284 under the planned policies and measures at least until ten years after the period covered by the plan (including for the last year of the period covered by the plan), including relevant Union policies and measures.
- ii.
Assessment of policy interactions (between existing policies and measures and planned policies and measures within a policy dimension and between existing policies and measures and planned policies and measures of different dimensions) at least until the last year of the period covered by the plan, in particular to establish a robust understanding of the impact of energy efficiency / energy savings policies on the sizing of the energy system and to reduce the risk of stranded investment in energy supply
- iii.
Assessment of interactions between existing policies and measures and planned policies and measures, and between those policies and measures and Union climate and energy policy measures
5.2.Macroeconomic and, to the extent feasible, the health, environmental, employment and education, skills and social impacts, including just transition aspects (in terms of costs and benefits as well as cost-effectiveness) of the planned policies and measures described in section 3 at least until the last year of the period covered by the plan, including comparison to projections with existing policies and measures
5.3.Overview of investment needs
- i.
existing investment flows and forward investment assumptions with regard to the planned policies and measures
- ii.
sector or market risk factors or barriers in the national or regional context
- iii.
analysis of additional public finance support or resources to fill identified gaps identified under point ii
5.4.Impacts of planned policies and measures described in section 3 on other Member States and regional cooperation at least until the last year of the period covered by the plan, including comparison to projections with existing policies and measures
- i.
Impacts on the energy system in neighbouring and other Member States in the region to the extent possible
- ii.
Impacts on energy prices, utilities and energy market integration
- iii.
Where relevant, impacts on regional cooperation
Part 2List of parameters and variables to be reported in Section B of National Plans64656667
The following parameters, variables, energy balances and indicators are to be reported in Section B ‘Analytical Basis’ of the National Plans, if used:
1.General parameters and variables
- (1)
Population [million]
- (2)
GDP [euro million]
- (3)
Sectoral gross value added (including main industrial, construction, services, and agriculture sectors) [euro million]
- (4)
Number of households [thousands]
- (5)
Household size [inhabitants/households]
- (6)
Disposable income of households [euro]
- (7)
Number of passenger-kilometres: all modes, i.e. split between road (cars and buses separated if possible), rail, aviation and domestic navigation (when relevant) [million pkm]
- (8)
Freight transport tonnes-kilometres: all modes excluding international maritime, i.e. split between road, rail, aviation, domestic navigation (inland waterways and national maritime) [million tkm]
- (9)
International oil, gas and coal fuel import prices [EUR/GJ or euro/toe] based on the Commission's recommendations
- (10)
EU-ETS carbon price [EUR/EUA] based on the Commission's recommendations
- (11)
Exchange rates to EUR and to USD (where applicable) assumptions [euro/currency and USD/currency]
- (12)
Number of Heating Degree Days (HDD)
- (13)
Number of Cooling Degree Days (CDD)
- (14)
Technology cost assumptions used in modelling for main relevant technologies
2.Energy balances and indicators
2.1.Energy supply
- (1)
Indigenous Production by fuel type (all energy products that are produced in significant quantities) [ktoe]
- (2)
Net imports by fuel type (including electricity and split into intra- and extra EU net imports) [ktoe]
- (3)
Import dependency from third countries [%]
- (4)
Main import sources (countries) for main energy carriers (including gas and electricity)
- (5)
Gross Inland Consumption by fuel type source (including solids, all energy products: coal, crude oil and petroleum products, natural gas, nuclear energy, electricity, derived heat, renewables, waste) [ktoe]
2.2.Electricity and heat
- (1)
Gross electricity generation [GWh]
- (2)
Gross electricity generation by fuel (all energy products) [GWh]
- (3)
Share of combined heat and power generation in total electricity and heat generation [%]
- (4)
Capacity electricity generation by source, including retirements and new investment [MW]
- (5)
Heat generation from thermal power generation
- (6)
Heat generation from combined heat and power plants, including industrial waste heat
- (7)
Cross-border interconnection capacities for gas and electricity [Definition for electricity in line with outcome of ongoing discussions on basis for 15 % interconnection target] and their projected usage rates
2.3.Transformation sector
- (1)
Fuel inputs to thermal power generation (including solids, oil, gas) [ktoe]
- (2)
Fuel inputs to other conversion processes [ktoe]
2.4.Energy consumption
- (1)
Primary and final energy consumption [ktoe]
- (2)
Final energy consumption by sector (including industry, residential, tertiary, agriculture and transport (including split between passenger and freight transport, when available)) [ktoe]
- (3)
Final energy consumption by fuel (all energy products) [ktoe]
- (4)
Final non-energy consumption [ktoe]
- (5)
Primary energy intensity of the overall economy (primary energy consumption per GDP [toe/euro]
- (6)
Final energy intensity by sector (including industry, residential, tertiary and transport (including split between passenger and freight transport, when available))
2.5.Prices
- (1)
Electricity prices by type of using sector (residential, industry, tertiary)
- (2)
National retail fuel prices (including taxes, per source and sector) [euro/ktoe]
2.6.Investment
Investment costs in energy transformation, supply, transmission and distribution sectors
2.7.Renewables
- (1)
Gross final consumption of energy from renewable sources and share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption and by sector (electricity, heating and cooling, transport) and by technology
- (2)
Electricity and heat generation from renewable energy in buildings; this shall include, where available, disaggregated data on energy produced, consumed and injected into the grid by solar photovoltaic systems, solar thermal systems, biomass, heat pumps, geothermal systems, as well as all other decentralised renewables systems
- (3)
Where applicable, other national trajectories, including those that are long-term or sectoral the share of food-based and advanced biofuels, the share of renewable energy in district heating, as well as the renewable energy produced by cities and renewable energy communities.
3.GHG emissions and removals related indicators
- (1)
GHG emissions by policy sector (EU ETS, effort sharing and LULUCF)
- (2)
GHG emissions by IPCC sector and by gas (where relevant, split into EU ETS and effort sharing sectors) [tCO2eq]
- (3)
Carbon Intensity of the overall economy [tCO2eq/GDP]
- (4)
CO2 emission related indicators
- (a)
GHG intensity of domestic power and heat generation [tCO2eq/MWh]
- (b)
GHG intensity of final energy consumption by sector [tCO2eq/toe]
- (a)
- (5)
Non-CO2 emission related parameters
- (a)
Livestock: dairy cattle [1 000 heads], non-dairy cattle [1 000 heads], sheep [1 000 heads], pig [1 000 heads], poultry [1 000 heads]
- (b)
Nitrogen input from application of synthetic fertilisers [kt nitrogen]
- (c)
Nitrogen input from application of manure [kt nitrogen]
- (d)
Nitrogen fixed by N-fixing crops [kt nitrogen]
- (e)
Nitrogen in crop residues returned to soils [kt nitrogen]
- (f)
Area of cultivated organic soils [hectares]
- (g)
Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation
- (h)
Municipal solid waste (MSW) going to landfills
- (i)
Share of CH4 recovery in total CH4 generation from landfills [%]
- (a)