2.Definition of product benchmarks and system boundaries with consideration of exchangeability of fuel and electricityU.K.
| Product benchmark | Definition of products covered | Definition of processes and emissions covered (system boundaries) | Starting point for determination of annual reduction rate for benchmark value update(allowances/t) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Refinery products | Mix of refinery products with more than 40 % light products (motor spirit (gasoline) including aviation spirit, spirit type (gasoline type) jet fuel, other light petroleum oils/light preparations, kerosene including kerosene type jet fuel, gas oils) expressed as CO2 weighted tonne (CWT). Refineries with other product mixes are not covered by this product benchmark. | All processes of a refinery matching the definition of one of the CWT process units as well as ancillary non-process facilities operating inside the refinery fence-line such as tankage, blending, effluent treatment, etc. are included. Lube oils and bitumen processing units located in mainstream refineries are also included in the refinery CWT and emissions envelope. Process units pertaining to other sectors, such as petrochemicals, are sometimes physically integrated with the refinery. Such process units and their emissions are excluded from the CWT approach. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,0295 |
| EAF carbon steel | Steel containing less than 8 % metallic alloying elements and tramp elements to such levels limiting the use to those applications where no high surface quality and processability is required and if none of the criteria for the content of the metal alloying elements and the steel quality for high alloy steel are met. Expressed in tonnes of crude secondary steel ex-caster. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units electric arc furnace, secondary metallurgy, casting and cutting, post-combustion unit, dedusting unit, vessels heating stands, casting ingots preheating stands, scrap drying and scrap preheating are included. Processes downstream of casting are not included. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,283 |
| EAF high alloy steel | Steel containing 8 % or more metallic alloying elements or where high surface quality and processability is required. Expressed in tonnes of crude secondary steel ex-caster. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units electric arc furnace, secondary metallurgy, casting and cutting, post-combustion unit, dedusting unit, vessels heating stands, casting ingots preheating stands, slow cooling pit, scrap drying and scrap preheating are included. The process units FeCr converter and cryogenic storage of industrial gases are not included. Processes downstream of casting are not included. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,352 |
| Iron casting | Casted iron expressed as tonnes of liquid iron ready alloyed, skinned, and ready for casting. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process steps melting shop, casting shop, core shop and finishing are included. The process step ‘finishing’ refers to operations like fettling but not general matching, heat treatment or painting which are not covered by the system boundaries of this product benchmark. For the determination of indirect emissions, only the electricity consumption of melting processes within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,325 |
| Mineral wool | Mineral wool insulation products for thermal, acoustic and fire applications manufactured using glass, rock or slag. Expressed in tonnes of mineral wool (saleable product). | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps melting, fiberizing and injection of binders, curing and drying and forming are included. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,682 |
| Plasterboard | The benchmark covers boards, sheets, panels, tiles, similar articles of plaster/compositions based on plaster, (not) faced/reinforced with paper/paperboard only, excluding articles agglomerated with plaster, ornamented (in tonnes of stucco, saleable product). High-density gypsum fibreboards are not covered by this product benchmark. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production steps milling, drying, calcining and board drying are included. For the determination of indirect emissions, only the electricity consumption of heat pumps applied in the drying stage shall be considered. The production of the intermediary product dried secondary gypsum is not covered by this benchmark. | 0,131 |
| Carbon black | Furnace carbon black, expressed in tonnes of furnace carbon black, saleable product, purity above 96 %. Gas- and lamp black products are not covered by this benchmark. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of furnace carbon black as well as finishing, packaging and flaring are included. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. Exchangeability factor should be calculated considering electricity driven devices like pumps and compressors with a rated power of 2 MW or more. | 1,954 |
| Ammonia | Ammonia (NH3), expressed in tonnes produced, 100 % purity. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of the ammonia and the intermediate product hydrogen are included. Ammonia production from other intermediate products is not covered. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 1,619 |
| Steam cracking | Mix of high value chemicals (HVC) expressed in tonnes as total mass of acetylene, ethylene, propylene, butadiene, benzene and hydrogen exported out of the cracker perimeter excluding HVC from supplemental feed (hydrogen, ethylene, other HVC) with an ethylene content in the total product mix of at least 30 mass-percent and a content of HVC, fuel gas, butenes and liquid hydrocarbons of together at least 50 mass-percent of the total product mix | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of high value chemicals as purified product or intermediate product with concentrated content of the respective HVC in the lowest tradable form (raw C4, unhydrogenated pygas) are included except C4 extraction (butadiene plant), C4-hydrogenation, hydrotreating of pyrolysis gasoline & aromatics extraction and logistics/storage for daily operation. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,702 |
| Aromatics | Mix of aromatics expressed as CO2 weighted tonne (CWT) | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the aromatics sub-units pygas hydrotreater, benzene/toluene/xylene (BTX) extraction, TDP, HDA, xylene isomerisation, P-xylene units, cumene production and Cyclo-hexane production are included. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,0295 |
| Styrene | Styrene monomer (vinyl benzene, CAS number: 100-42-5). Expressed in tonnes of styrene (saleable product). | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the production of styrene as well as the intermediate product ethylbenzene (with the amount used as feed for the styrene production) are included. For installations producing both propylene oxide and styrene monomer, the facilities exclusively dedicated to propylene and propylene oxide unit operations are excluded from this benchmark, and shared facilities are covered in proportion to the production in tonnes of the styrene monomer production. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,527 |
| Hydrogen | Pure hydrogen and mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide having a hydrogen content >= 60 % volume fraction of total contained hydrogen plus carbon monoxide based on the aggregation of all hydrogen- and carbon-monoxide-containing product streams exported from the sub-installation concerned expressed as tonnes of 100 % pure hydrogen, as net saleable product. | All relevant process elements directly or indirectly linked to the production of hydrogen and the separation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide are included. These elements lie between: a) the point(s) of entry of hydrocarbon feedstock(s) and, if separate, fuel(s); b) the points of exit of all product streams containing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide; c) the point(s) of entry or exit of import or export heat. For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 8,85 |
| Synthesis gas (syngas) | Mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide having a hydrogen content < 60 % volume fraction of total contained hydrogen plus carbon monoxide based on the aggregation of all hydrogen- and carbon-monoxide-containing product streams exported from the sub-installation concerned. Expressed in tonnes of synthesis gas referred to 47 volume-percent hydrogen as net saleable product. | All relevant process elements directly or indirectly linked to the production of syngas and the separation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide are included. These elements lie between: a) the point(s) of entry of hydrocarbon feedstock(s) and, if separate, fuel(s) b) the points of exit of all product streams containing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide c) the point(s) of entry or exit of import or export heat For the determination of indirect emissions, the total electricity consumption within the system boundaries shall be considered. | 0,242 |
| Ethylene oxide/ethylene glycols | The ethylene oxide/ethylene glycol benchmark covers the products ethylene oxide (EO, high purity), monoethylene glycol (MEG, standard grade + fiber grade (high purity)), diethylene glycol (DEG), triethylene glycol (TEG). The total amount of products is expressed in terms of tonnes of EO-equivalents (EOE), which are defined as the amount of EO (in mass) that is embedded in one mass unit of the specific glycol. | All processes directly or indirectly linked to the process units EO production, EO purification and glycol section are included. The total electricity consumption (and the related indirect emissions) within the system boundaries is covered by this product benchmark. | 0,512 |
If no other reference is given, all product benchmarks refer to 1 ton of product produced expressed as saleable (net) production and to 100 % purity of the substance concerned.
All definitions of processes and emissions covered (system boundaries) include flares where they occur.