Regulation 4(1)
SCHEDULE 1Employer’s Procedures
The written procedures for medical exposures shall include:—
(a)procedures to identify correctly individuals to be exposed to ionising radiation;
(b)procedures to identify individuals entitled to act as referrer or practitioner or operator;
(c)procedures to be observed in the case of medico-legal exposures;
(d)procedures for making enquiries of females of childbearing age to establish whether the individual is or may be pregnant or breastfeeding;
(e)procedures to ensure that quality assurance programmes are followed;
(f)procedures for the assessment of patient dose and administered activity;
(g)procedures for the use of diagnostic reference levels established by the employer for radiodiagnostic examinations falling within regulation 3(a),(b),(c) and (e), specifying that these are expected not to be exceeded for standard procedures when good and normal practice regarding diagnostic and technical performance is applied;
(h)procedures for determining whether the practitioner or operator is required to effect one or more of the matters set out in regulation 7(4) including criteria on how to effect those matters and in particular procedures for the use of dose constraints established by the employer for biomedical and medical research programmes falling within regulation 3(d) where no direct medical benefit for the individual is expected from the exposure;
(i)procedures for the giving of information and written instructions as referred to in regulation 7(5);
(j)procedures for the carrying out and recording of an evaluation for each medical exposure including, where appropriate, factors relevant to patient dose;
(k)procedures to ensure that the probability and magnitude of accidental or unintended doses to patients from radiological practices are reduced so far as reasonably practicable.
Regulation 2(1)
SCHEDULE 2Adequate training
Practitioners and operators shall have successfully completed training, including theoretical knowledge and practical experience, in
(1) such of the subjects detailed in section A as are relevant to their functions as practitioner or operator; and
(2) such of the subjects detailed in section B as are relevant to their specific area of practice.
A.
Radiation production, radiation protection and statutory obligations relating to ionising radiations
1.
Fundamental Physics of Radiation
1.1
Properties of radiation
Attenuation of ionising radiation
Scattering and absorption
1.2
Radiation hazards and dosimetry
Biological effects of radiation
Risks/benefits of radiation
Dose optimisation
Absorbed dose, dose equivalent, effective dose and their units
1.3
Special attention areas
Pregnancy and potential pregnancy
Infants and children
Medical and biomedical research
Health screening
High dose techniques
2.
Management and Radiation Protection of the Patient
2.1
Patient selection
Justification of the individual exposure
Patient identification and consent
Use of existing appropriate radiological information
Alternative techniques
Clinical evaluation of outcome
Medico-legal issues
2.2
Radiation protection
General radiation protection
Use of radiation protection devices
Procedures for untoward incidents involving overexposure to ionising radiation
3.
Statutory Requirements and Advisory Aspects
3.1
Statutory requirements and non-statutory recommendations
Regulations
Local rules and procedures
Individual responsibilities relating to medical exposures
Responsibility for radiation safety
Routine inspection and testing of equipment
Notification of faults and DH hazard warnings
Clinical Audit
B.
Diagnostic Radiology, Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine
4.
Diagnostic Radiology
4.1.
General
Fundamentals of radiological anatomy
Fundamentals of radiological techniques
Production of X-rays
Equipment selection and use
Factors affecting radiation dose
Dosimetry
Quality assurance and quality control
4.2.
Specialised techniques
Image intensification/fluoroscopy
Digital fluoroscopy
Computerised Tomography scanning
Interventional procedures
Vascular imaging
4.3.
Fundamentals of Image Acquisition etc
Image quality v. radiation dose
Conventional film processing
Additional image formats, acquisition, storage and display
4.4.
Contrast Media
Non-ionic and ionic
Use and preparation
Contra-indications to the use of contrast media
Use of automatic injection devices
5.
Radiotherapy
5.1.
General
Production of ionising radiation
Use of radiotherapy —
benign disease
malignant disease
external beam
brachytherapy
5.2.
Radiobiological Aspects for Radiotherapy
Fractionation
Dose rate
Radiosensitisation
Target volumes
5.3.
Practical aspects for radiotherapy
Equipment
Treatment planning
5.4.
Radiation Protection Specific to Radiotherapy
Side effects — early and late
Toxicity
Assessment of efficacy
6.
Nuclear Medicine
6.1.
General
Atomic structure and radioactivity
Radioactive decay
The tracer principle
Fundamentals of diagnostic use
Fundamentals of therapeutic use
dose rate
fractionation
radiobiology aspects
6.2.
Principles of Radiation Detection, Instrumentation and Equipment
Types of systems
Image acquisition, storage and display
Quality assurance and quality control
6.3.
Radiopharmaceuticals
Calibration
Working practices in the radiopharmacy
Preparation of individual doses
Documentation
6.4.
Radiation Protection Specific to Nuclear Medicine
Conception, pregnancy and breastfeeding
Arrangements for radioactive patients
Disposal procedures for radioactive waste