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PART ISGENERAL

Citation, commencement and extentS

1.—(1) These Regulations may be cited as the Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations 2012.

(2) These Regulations come into force on 7th January 2013.

(3) These Regulations extend to Scotland only.

Interpretation: generalS

2.—(1) In these Regulations—

abatement equipment” means, in relation to solvent emission activities, equipment used to abate the effects of emissions of volatile organic compounds,

baseline report” means a report as described in paragraph 1(3) of Schedule 4,

[F1battery” means any source of electrical energy generated by direct conversion of chemical energy and consisting of one or more primary battery cells (non-rechargeable) or one or more secondary battery cells (rechargeable; an accumulator) but does not include—

(a)

equipment connected with the protection of essential security interests, arms, munitions and war material, with the exclusion of products that are not intended for specifically military purposes, or

(b)

equipment designed to be sent into space,]

change in operation” means a change in the nature or functioning of an installation or mobile plant, or an extension of the installation or plant, which may have consequences for the environment (see also the definition of “substantial change in operation”),

co-incineration” and “incineration” have the same meanings as in Section 5.1 of Part 1 of Schedule 1,

directly associated activity” means—

(a)

in relation to an activity carried out in a stationary technical unit and falling within any description in Part 1 of Schedule 1, any directly associated activity which has a technical connection with the activity carried out in the unit and which could have an effect on pollution, and

(b)

in relation to a solvent emission activity, any directly associated activity which has a technical connection with the solvent emission activity carried out on the same site and which could have an effect on any discharge of volatile organic compounds into the environment,

emission” means in relation to—

(a)

Part A installations, the direct or indirect release of a substance, a vibration, heat or noise from individual or diffuse sources in an installation into the air, water or land,

(b)

Part B installations, the direct release of a substance or heat from individual or diffuse sources in an installation into the air,

(c)

mobile plant, the direct release of a substance or heat from the plant into the air, and

(d)

a solvent emission activity—

(i)

the direct release of a substance in waste gases into the air from individual or diffuse sources forming part of that activity, and

(ii)

the direct or indirect release of fugitive emissions,

emission limit value” means the mass, expressed in terms of specific parameters, concentration or level of an emission, which may not be exceeded during one or more periods of time,

enforcement notice” has the same meaning as in regulation 55,

[F2environmental impact assessment” means the process described in regulation 4 of the Town and Country Planning (Environmental Impact Assessment) (Scotland) Regulations 2017,]

environmental inspection” means the actions necessary to check and promote compliance of installations and mobile plant with permit conditions and, where necessary, to monitor the environmental impact of activities carried out under a permit, including as required—

(a)

site visits,

(b)

monitoring of emissions and checks of internal reports and follow-up documents,

(c)

verification of self-monitoring,

(d)

checking of techniques used, and

(e)

checking of the adequacy of environmental management of the installation,

environmental inspection plan” has the same meaning as in regulation 53,

[F3environmental quality standard” means the set of requirements which must be fulfilled at a given time in respect of a particular environment as required under retained EU law,]

fugitive emissions” means, in relation to solvent emission activities, any emission of volatile organic compounds not in waste gases into air, soil or water as well as solvents contained in any products, unless otherwise stated in Part 2 of Annex VII of the Industrial Emissions Directive,

hazardous substance” means substances or mixtures as defined in Article 3 of the Hazardous Substances Regulation,

hazardous waste” means waste which displays one or more of the hazardous properties listed in Annex III of the Waste Framework Directive,

hybrid installation or mobile plant” means an installation or mobile plant which is subject to a hybrid permit, and cognate expressions are construed accordingly,

hybrid permit” means a permit combining a standard rules condition with one or more other conditions under Part III of these Regulations,

industrial battery” means any battery or battery pack which is—

(a)

designed exclusively for industrial or professional uses,

(b)

used as a source of power for propulsion in an electric vehicle,

(c)

unsealed, but is not an automotive battery, or

(d)

sealed, but is not a portable battery,

installation” means—

(a)

a stationary technical unit where one or more activities listed in Schedules 1 or 2 are carried out, and

(b)

any other location on the same site where any other directly associated activities are carried out,

and references to an installation include references to part of an installation,

landfill” has the same meaning as in Article 2(g) of Council Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste M1 [F4, as last amended by Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council],

mobile plant” has the meaning given by regulation 12,

off-site condition” has the meaning given by regulation 24,

operator” means, in relation to an installation or mobile plant, the person who has control over the operation of the installation or plant (see also paragraph (2)),

organic compound” means any compound containing carbon and one or more of hydrogen, halogens, oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus, silicon or nitrogen, with the exception of carbon oxides and inorganic carbonates and bicarbonates,

Part A installation” and “Part B installation” have the same meanings as regulation 12,

permit” means, unless the context requires otherwise, a permit granted by SEPA in accordance with these Regulations,

pollution” means emissions as a result of human activity which may—

(a)

be harmful to human health or the quality of the environment,

(b)

cause offence to any human sense,

(c)

result in damage to material property, or

(d)

impair or interfere with amenities and other legitimate uses of the environment,

and “pollutant” means any substance, vibration, heat or noise released as a result of such an emission which may have such an effect,

portable battery” means any battery or battery pack which is sealed, can be hand-carried by an average natural person without difficulty, and is neither an automotive battery nor an industrial battery,

prescribed fee” means a fee prescribed for a matter in a scheme imposing charges made by SEPA under section 41 of the 1995 Act M2,

register” means the register maintained by SEPA under regulation 64,

reduction scheme” means a reduction scheme which complies with Part 5 of Annex VII of the Industrial Emissions Directive,

the relevant date” has the meaning given by regulation 1(1) of the Landfill Regulations,

revocation notice” has the meaning given by regulation 50,

rule-making authority” means the Scottish Ministers or SEPA,

separately collected waste” means waste which has been collected and transported in accordance with section 34(2I) of the 1990 Act,

site report” means a report as described in paragraph 1(2) of Schedule 4

solvents installation” has the same meaning as in regulation 12, and an activity carried out at such an installation is referred to as a “solvent emission activity”,

SEPA” means the Scottish Environment Protection Agency M3,

specified waste management activity” means an activity comprising—

(a)

the disposal of waste in a landfill, whether or not the disposal falls within Section 5.2 of Part 1 of Schedule 1,

(b)

the disposal or recovery of waste falling within Sections 5.3, 5.4 or 5.6 of that Part of that Schedule, or

(c)

the disposal or recovery of waste in a waste incineration installation,

“standard installation” or “standard mobile plant” means an installation or mobile plant described in standard rules, and cognate expressions are construed accordingly,

standard rules” has the meaning given by regulation 36,

standard rules condition” has the meaning given by regulation 37,

standard rules permit” means a permit containing one or more standard rules conditions and, in relation to any set of standard rules, means a permit containing a standard rules condition in respect of those rules,

start up and shut down operations” means, in relation to solvent emission activities, operations excluding regular oscillating activity phases whilst bringing an activity, an equipment item or a tank into or out of service or into or out of an idling state,

substance” includes any chemical element and its compounds and any biological entity or micro-organism, with the exception of—

(a)

radioactive substances within the meaning of Council Directive 96/29/Euratom laying down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionising radiation M4,

(b)

genetically modified organisms within the meaning of Directive 2001/18/EC on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms and repealing Council Directive 90/220/EEC M5, and

(c)

genetically modified micro-organisms within the meaning of Directive 2009/41/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the contained use of genetically modified micro-organisms (recast) M6,

substantial change in operation” means a change in operation which SEPA considers may have a significant negative effect on human health or the environment, or which in itself constitutes the carrying out of an activity described in Part 1 of Schedules 1 or 2 that exceeds any threshold capacity specified in those Schedules, and includes the—

(a)

carrying out of solvent emissions activity—

(i)

at a small solvents installation, where there is a change of the nominal capacity leading to an increase in emissions of volatile organic compounds of more than 25 percent,

(ii)

at any other solvents installation, where a change of the nominal capacity leads to an increase in emissions of volatile organic compounds of more than 10 percent,

and for that purpose—

input” has the same meaning as in Part 4 of Schedule 2 (see the definition of “consumption”),

nominal capacity” means the maximum mass input of organic solvents at the installation averaged over one day, if that installation is operated at its design output under conditions other than start up and shut down operations or relating to the maintenance of equipment, and

small solvents installation” means a solvents installation—

(i)

which falls within the lower threshold band of items 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 13, 16 or 17 of the table in Part 2 of Annex VII to the Industrial Emissions Directive, or

(ii)

for the activities which fall under one of the other items of that Part and which has a solvent consumption of less than 10 tonnes per year,

(b)

extension of the rated thermal input of a combustion plant as defined in Article 3(25) of the Industrial Emissions Directive by 50 megawatts or more,

(c)

incineration or co-incineration for the first time of hazardous waste, and for that purpose “hazardous waste” has the meaning given in Section 5.1 of Part 1 of Schedule 1,

suspension notice” has the meaning given by regulation 56(1) and (4),

variation notice” has the meaning given by regulation 46,

volatile organic compound” means—

(a)

any organic compound having a vapour pressure of 0.01 kPa or more at 293.15K or having a corresponding volatility under the particular conditions of use, or

(b)

the fraction of creosote having a vapour pressure of 0.01 kPa or more at 293.15K,

waste” means any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard,

waste gases” means, in relation to solvent emission activities, the final gaseous discharge containing volatile organic compounds or other pollutants from a stack or abatement equipment into the air,

waste incineration installation” means that part of an installation or any mobile plant where—

(a)

waste is incinerated or co-incinerated in an incineration or co-incineration plant falling within Part A of Section 5.1 of Part 1 of Schedule 1, or

(b)

any activity falling within Part 1 of that Schedule is carried out in an incineration or co-incineration plant as defined in Section 5.1 of that Part of that Schedule, and

waste management licence” means a waste management licence within the meaning of Part II of the 1990 Act.

(2) For the purposes of these Regulations—

(a)where an installation or any mobile plant has not been put into operation, the person who will have control over the operation of the installation or mobile plant when it is put into operation is to be treated as the operator of the installation or mobile plant, and

(b)where an installation or any mobile plant has ceased to be in operation, the person who holds the permit which applies to the installation or mobile plant is to be treated as the operator of the installation or mobile plant.

(3) In these Regulations a reference to a release into water includes a release into a sewer.

Textual Amendments

Marginal Citations

M1OJ L 182, 16.7.1999, p.1, as amended by Regulation (EC) No 1882/2003 (OJ L 284, 31.10.2003, p.11), Regulation (EC) No 1137/2008 (OJ L 311, 21.11.2008, p.1), and Directive 2011/97/EU (OJ L 328, 10.12.2011, p.49).

M21995 c.25. Section 41 has been relevantly amended by paragraph 2 of schedule 2 to the Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009 (asp12), by S.I. 2007/1711, 2007/3106, 2008/3087 and 2009/890, and by S.S.I. 2003/235.

M3SEPA is established by section 20 of the Environment Act 1995 (c.25).

M4OJ L 159, 29.6.96, p.1.

M5OJ L 106, 17.4.2001, p.1; as amended by Commission Decision 2000/6123/EC (OJ L 200, 30.7.2002, p.22), Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (OJ L 268, 18.10.2003, p.1), Regulation (EC) No 1830/2003 (OJ L 268, 18.10.2003, p.25) and Directive 2000/27/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 81, 20.3.2008, p.45).

M6OJ L 125, 21.5.2009, p.75.

Interpretation: enactments etc.S

3.—(1) In these Regulations—

1990 Act” means the Environmental Protection Act 1990 M7,

1995 Act” means the Environment Act 1995 M8,

2000 Regulations” means the Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations 2000 M9,

Batteries Directive” means Directive 2006/66/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on batteries and accumulators and waste batteries and accumulators and repealing Directive 91/157/EEC M10 [F5, as last amended by Directive (EU) 2018/849 of the European Parliament and of the Council],

F6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

[F7“Energy Efficiency Directive” means Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on energy efficiency, amending Directives 2009/125/EC and 2010/30/EU and repealing Directives 2004/8/EC and 2006/32/EC,]

Hazardous Substances Regulation” means Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 M11,

Industrial Emissions Directive” means Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (recast) M12,

Landfill Regulations” means the Landfill (Scotland) Regulations 2003 M13,

[F8“Medium Combustion Plant Directive” means Directive (EU) 2015/2193 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from medium combustion plants,]

[F9“Waste Framework Directive” means Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on waste and repealing certain Directives, as last amended by [F10Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council].]

(2) An expression in relation to batteries defined in Article 3 of the Batteries Directive has the same meaning in these Regulations as in that Directive.

(3) A reference to any other term defined in the Industrial Emissions Directive has the same meaning in these Regulations as in that Directive.

Textual Amendments

Marginal Citations

M9S.S.I. 2000/323; as amended by paragraph 7 of Part 2 of schedule 1 to the Antisocial Behaviour etc. (Scotland) Act 2004 (asp 8), by S.I. 2007/2325, and by S.S.I. 2002/493, 2003/146, 170, 221 and 235, 2004/26, 110, 112 and 512, 2005/101, 340 and 510, 2006/127, 2008/410, 2009/247 and 336, 2010/236 and 2011/171, 226, 285 and 418, and 2012/148.

M10OJ L 266, 26.9.2006, p.1, as amended by Directives 2008/12/EC (OJ L 76, 19.3.2008, p.39) and 2008/103/EC (OJ L 327, 5.12.2008, p.7).

M11OJ L No 353, 31.12.2008, p.1; as amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 790/2009 (OJ L No 235, 5.9.2009, p.1) and Commission Regulation (EC) No 286/2011 (OJ L 83, 30.3.2011, p.1).

M12OJ L 334, 17.12.2010, p.17.

[F11Interpretation: medium combustion plantS

3A.(1) In these Regulations—

[F12Chapter III combustion plant” means a combustion plant, the total thermal input of which is equal to or greater than 50 megawatts, irrespective of the type of fuel used, other than—

(a)

a plant in which the products of combustion are used for the direct heating, drying, or any other treatment of objects or materials,

(b)

a post-combustion plant designed to purify the waste gases by combustion which is not operated as an independent combustion plant,

(c)

a facility for the regeneration of catalytic cracking catalysts,

(d)

a facility for the conversion of hydrogen sulphide into sulphur,

(e)

a reactor used in the chemical industry,

(f)

a coke battery furnace,

(g)

a cowper,

(h)

any technical apparatus used in the propulsion of a vehicle, ship or aircraft,

(i)

a gas turbine or gas engine used on an offshore platform,

(j)

a plant which uses any solid or liquid waste as a fuel other than—

(i)

vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry,

(ii)

vegetable waste from the food processing industry, if the heat generated is recovered,

(iii)

fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and the heat generated is recovered,

(iv)

cork waste,

(v)

wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating,

Chapter IV plant” means an incineration plant or co-incineration plant which incinerates or co-incinerates solid or liquid waste other than—

(a)

a gasification or pyrolysis plant, if the gases resulting from the gasification or pyrolysis are purified to such an extent that they are no longer a waste prior to their incineration and can cause emissions no higher than those resulting from the burning of natural gas,

(b)

a plant treating only the following wastes—

(i)

vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry,

(ii)

vegetable waste from the food processing industry, if the heat generated is recovered,

(iii)

fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and the heat generated is recovered,

(iv)

cork waste,

(v)

wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metals as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating,

(vi)

radioactive waste,

(vii)

animal carcasses regulated by Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consumption and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 as it forms part of retained EU law,

(viii)

waste resulting from the exploration for, and the exploitation of, oil and gas resources from off-shore installations and incinerated on board the installations,

(c)

experimental plants used for research, development and testing in order to improve the incineration process which treat less than 50 tonnes of waste per year,

co-incineration” has the meaning given in Section 5.1 of Chapter 5 of schedule 1, and related expressions are to be construed accordingly,

co-incineration plant” has the meaning given in Section 5.1 of Chapter 5 of schedule 1,]

“existing medium combustion plant” means a medium combustion plant put into operation before 20th December 2018 or for which a permit was granted before 19th December 2017 provided that the plant is put into operation no later than 20th December 2018,

[F13incineration plant” has the meaning given in Section 5.1 of Chapter 5 of schedule 1,]

“medium combustion plant” means a combustion plant with a rated thermal input equal to or greater than 1 megawatt and less than 50 megawatts but does not include—

(a)

[F14a Chapter III combustion plant,]

(aa)

[F15a Chapter IV plant,]

(c)

combustion plants covered by Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council on requirements relating to gaseous and particulate pollutant emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery,

(d)

on-farm combustion plants with a total rated thermal input less than or equal to 5 megawatts, that exclusively use unprocessed poultry manure, as referred to in Article 9(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1069/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consumption and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002, as a fuel,

(e)

combustion plants in which the gaseous products of combustion are used for the direct heating, drying or any other treatment of objects or materials,

(f)

combustion plants in which the gaseous products of combustion are used for direct gas-fired heating used to heat indoor spaces for the purpose of improving workplace conditions,

(g)

post-combustion plants designed to purify the waste gases from industrial processes by combustion, and which are not operated as independent combustion plants,

(h)

any technical apparatus used in the propulsion of a vehicle, ship or aircraft,

(i)

gas turbines and gas and diesel engines, when used on offshore platforms,

(j)

facilities for the regeneration of catalytic cracking catalysts,

(k)

facilities for the conversion of hydrogen sulphide into sulphur,

(l)

reactors used in the chemical industry,

(m)

coke battery furnaces,

(n)

cowpers,

(o)

crematoria,

(p)

combustion plants firing refinery fuels alone or with other fuels for the production of energy within mineral oil and gas refineries,

(q)

recovery boilers within installations for the production of pulp, and

“new medium combustion plant” means a medium combustion plant which is not an existing medium combustion plant.

(2) For the purposes of regulation 26A, a combination formed by two or more new medium combustion plants is to be treated as a single new medium combustion plant and their rated thermal input is added together for the purpose of calculating the total rated thermal input of the plant where—

(a)the waste gases of the plant are discharged through a common stack, or

(b)the waste gases of the plant could be discharged through a common stack in the opinion of SEPA, taking into account technical and economic factors.]

Interpretation: best available techniques, etc.S

4.  In these Regulations—

available techniques” means those techniques which have been developed on a scale which allows implementation in the relevant industrial sector, under economically and technically viable conditions, taking into consideration the cost and advantages, whether or not the techniques are used or produced inside the United Kingdom, as long as they are reasonably accessible to the operator,

[F16BAT conclusions” means a document annexed to a Decision establishing best available techniques which has been amended by the Air Quality (Miscellaneous Amendment and Revocation of Retained Direct EU Legislation) (EU Exit) Regulations 2018 or included in regulations made in exercise of the power in regulation 9 of the Environment and Wildlife (Legislative Functions) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 laying down the conclusions on best available techniques, their description, information to assess their applicability, the emission levels associated with the best available techniques, associated monitoring, associated consumption levels and, where appropriate, relevant site remediation measures,]

BAT reference document” means a document, resulting from the exchange of information organised for the purposes of Article 13 of the Industrial Emissions Directive, drawn up for defined activities and describing, in particular applied techniques, present emissions and consumption levels, techniques considered for the determination of best available techniques as well as BAT conclusions and any emerging techniques, giving special consideration to the matters listed in Schedule 3,

best” means, in relation to techniques, most effective in achieving a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole,

“best available techniques” mean the most effective and advanced stage in the development of activities and their methods of operation which indicates the practical suitability of particular techniques for providing the basis for emission limit values and other permit conditions designed to prevent and, where that is not practicable, to reduce emissions and the impact on the environment as a whole,

emerging technique” means a novel technique for an industrial activity that, if commercially developed, could when compared to existing best available techniques provide—

(a)

a higher level of protection of the environment, or

(b)

at least the same level of protection of the environment and higher cost savings,

emission levels associated with the best available techniques” means the range of emission levels obtained under normal operating conditions using a best available technique, or combination of best available techniques, as described in BAT conclusions, expressed as an average over a given period of time, under specified reference conditions, and

techniques” includes both the technology used and the way in which an installation is designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned.

SEPA: duties relating to best available techniquesS

5.—(1) SEPA must ensure that it follows or is informed of—

(a)developments in best available techniques, and

(b)the publication of any new or updated BAT conclusions.

(2) SEPA must where appropriate exercise its functions so as to encourage the development and application of emerging techniques, in particular for any technique identified in a BAT reference document.

(3) SEPA must have regard to any guidance by the Commission under Article 27 of the Industrial Emissions Directive relating to the development and application of emerging techniques.

SEPA: application formsS

6.  SEPA may require any application made to it under any provision of these Regulations to be made in writing on a form made available by SEPA.

SEPA: information relating to right of appealS

7.  SEPA must, when issuing any decision or determination in respect of which there exists a right of appeal to the Scottish Ministers under these Regulations, inform all persons who have such a right of the existence of the right.

The Scottish Minsters and SEPA: service of noticesS

8.—(1) A notice served or given by the Scottish Ministers or by SEPA under these Regulations or the Landfill Regulations must be in writing.

(2) A notice may be served on or given to a person by leaving it at the proper address of the person or by sending it by post to that person at that address.

(3) A notice may—

(a)in the case of a body corporate, be served on the secretary or clerk of the body,

(b)in the case of a partnership, be served on or given to a partner or person having the control or management of the partnership business.

(4) For the purposes of this regulation, and of section 7 of the 1978 Act in its application to this regulation, the proper address of any person on or to whom any such notice is to be served or given is the last known address of that person, except that—

(a)in the case of a body corporate or their secretary or clerk, it is the address of the registered or principal office of that body,

(b)in the case of a partnership or person having the control or management of the partnership business, it is the principal office of the partnership.

(5) The principal office of a company registered outside of the United Kingdom, or of a partnership carrying on business outside the United Kingdom, is their principal office within the United Kingdom.

(6) If the person to be served with or given any such notice has specified an address in the United Kingdom other than the proper address within the meaning of paragraph (4) as the address at which that person (or someone on behalf of that person) will accept notices of the same description as that notice, the specified address is also be treated for the purposes of this regulation and section 7 of the 1978 Act as the proper address of that person.

(7) In this regulation, “1978 Act” means the Interpretation Act 1978 M14.

Marginal Citations

Electronic communicationsS

9.—(1) In these Regulations—

(a)writing” includes electronic communications within the meaning of section 15 (general interpretation) of the Electronic Communications Act 2000 M15, and

(b)a reference to a form includes an electronic form.

(2) Where an application is sent electronically—

(a)any fee, map or plan that is required to accompany the application may be sent to SEPA separately, and

(b)the application is not be treated as having being received by SEPA until the last thing so required has also been received.

Marginal Citations

M152000 c.7; section 15 was amended by paragraph 158 of Schedule 17 to the Communications Act 2003 (c.21).