Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1970

169 Extension of right of set-off, to capital allowances

(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, any claim made under section 168 above for relief in respect of a loss sustained by the claimant in any trade in any year of assessment (hereafter referred to as " the year of loss ") may require the amount of that loss to be determined as if an amount equal to the capital allowances for the year of assessment for which the year of loss is the basis year were to be deducted in computing the profits or gains or losses of the trade in the year of loss; and a claim may be so made notwithstanding that, apart from those allowances, the claimant has not sustained a loss in the trade in the year of loss.

(2) Capital allowances for any year of assessment shall be taken into account by virtue of this section only if and so far as they are not required to offset balancing charges for the year; and, for the purposes of this subsection, the capital allowances for a year of assessment shall be treated as required to offset balancing charges for the year up to the amount on which the balancing charges fall to be made after deducting from that amount the amount (if any) of capital allowances for earlier years which is carried forward to that year and would, without the balancing charges, be non-effective in that year.

(3) Where the capital allowances taken into account by virtue of this section are those for the year of assessment for which the claim is made or for the preceding year (the year of loss being the basis year for that year itself, or the claim being made by way of carry-forward of the loss by virtue of section 168(2) above), relief shall not be given by reference to those allowances in respect of an amount greater than the amount non-effective in the year for which the claim is made, or, in the case of allowances for the preceding year, the amount non-effective in both years.

(4) For the purposes of this section—

(a) where the end of the basis period for a year of assessment (as defined in section 72 of the [1968 c. 3.] Capital Allowances Act 1968) falls in, or coincides with the end of, any year of assessment, that year is the basis year for the first-mentioned year of assessment, but so that, if a year of assessment would under the foregoing provision be the basis year both for that year itself and for another year of assessment, it shall be the basis year for the year itself and not for the other year,

(b) any reference to the capital allowances or balancing charges for a year of assessment shall be construed as a reference to those falling to be made in taxing the trade for that year (but not including, in the case of allowances, any part of the allowances for an earlier year carried forward under section 70(4) of the said Act of 1968),

(c) any reference to an amount of capital allowances non effective in a year shall be construed as referring to the amount to which, by reason of an insufficiency of profits or gains, effect cannot be given in taxing the trade for the year, and

(d) effect shall be deemed to be given in taxing the trade to allowances carried forward from an earlier year before it is given to allowances arising in a later year.

(5) Where, on a claim made by virtue of this section, relief is not given under section 168 above for the full amount of the loss determined as mentioned in subsection (1) of this section, the relief shall be referred as far as may be to the loss sustained by the claimant in the trade rather than to the capital allowances in respect of the trade.

(6) Subject to subsection (7) below, where for any year of assessment relief is given under section 168 above by reference to any capital allowances, then, for all the purposes of the Income Tax Acts, effect shall be deemed to have been given to those allowances up to the amount in respect of which relief is so given, as if (in accordance with section 70(2) of the [1968 c. 3.] Capital Allowances Act 1968) a deduction in respect thereof had been allowed in taxing the trade for that year, or, in the case of allowances for the following year, in taxing the trade for that following year; and any relief previously given for a subsequent year on the basis that effect had not been given to the allowances as aforesaid shall be adjusted where necessary by an assessment.

(7) Where, in any year of assessment, a trade is permanently discontinued, or is treated for the purposes of section 154 above as permanently discontinued, and, immediately before the discontinuance, the trade was being carried on in partnership, then, notwithstanding subsection (6) above, for the purposes of any claim for relief made by virtue of section 171(4)(c) or 174 below and relating to that discontinuance, effect shall not be deemed to have been given either—

(a) to any part of the capital allowances falling to be made in taxing the trade for that year by reason of relief given under section 168 above by reference to those allowances, or

(b) to any part of the capital allowances falling to be made in taxing the trade for the preceding year by reason of relief so given by reference to them, in so far as that relief must be referred to the part of the allowances apportionable to the part of the year within twelve months of the discontinuance on an apportionment made by reference to the comparative lengths of the two parts of the year,

but where the same partner claims relief both under section 168 above and under one or other of sections 171(4) and 174 below in respect of the same allowances, the total amount for which relief is to be given to him by reference thereto shall not exceed the greater of the amounts for which, apart from any deficiency of income, relief might have been given under either section separately, and the total amount for which relief is to be given to all the partners under those sections in respect of any allowances shall not in any event exceed the amount of the allowances to which effect has not been given apart from those sections.

(8) Where a person claiming relief under section 168 above has, since the end of the year for which the claim is made, carried on the trade in question in partnership, effect shall not be given to this section in relation to that claim except with the written consent of, or of the personal representatives of, every other person who has been engaged in carrying on the trade between the end of that year and the making of the claim:

Provided that, where the claim is for a loss sustained before an event treated as the permanent discontinuance of the trade, this subsection shall not require the consent of any person as having been so engaged since that discontinuance, or as the personal representative of such a person.

(9) Relief from tax may be given by virtue of this section by reference to capital allowances for a year of assessment before the passing of any Act granting income tax for that year, as if income tax had been granted for the year without alteration; but if relief given to a person by virtue of this section for any year of assessment is affected by a subsequent alteration of the law, or by any discontinuance of the trade or other event occurring after the end of the year, any necessary adjustment may be made, and so much of any repayment of tax as exceeded the amount repayable in the events that happened may, if not otherwise made good, be assessed under Case VI of Schedule D and recovered from that person accordingly.

(10) This section applies (with any necessary adaptations) in relation to a profession, employment or vocation, and in relation to the occupation of woodlands the profits or gains of which are assessable under Schedule D by virtue of an election under section 111 of this Act, as it applies in relation to a trade.