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Where any provisions of this Act are specified in an authority given under paragraph (f) of subsection (1) above, those provisions only shall extend to a society which has been registered as a specially authorised society by virtue of that authority.

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A society which is neither a benevolent society nor a working men’s club shall not be disentitled to registration by reason of any rule for, or practice of, dividing any part of the funds thereof, if the rules of the society contain distinct provision for meeting all claims upon the society existing at the time of the division before any such division takes place.

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A society having a fund under the control of a central body to which every branch is bound to contribute may be registered as a single society, F17. . ..

A society shall not be entitled to any of the privileges of this Act as a registered society with respect to a branch until the branch has been registered F19. . ..

A body which has been registered as a branch of a society shall not be registered as a society F20after the commencement of section 93 of the 1992 Act.

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On being satisfied that a branch has complied with the provisions of this Act as to registration, the F23Authority shall issue to that branch an acknowledgement of registration.

An acknowledgement under subsection (1) above shall be conclusive evidence that the branch in question is duly registered under this Act, unless it is proved that the registration of the society of which it is a branch has been suspended or cancelled.

An acknowledgement under subsection (1) above shall also constitute an acknowledgement, and be conclusive evidence, of the rules of the branch in force at the date of its registration.

If the Authority refuses to register a branch, the branch may appeal to the High Court or, in the case of a branch whose registered office is to be situated in Scotland, the Court of Session.

If a refusal to register a F25. . . branch is overruled on appeal, the F26Authority shall give an acknowledgment of registration under F27section 15A above to the F25. . . branch.

Subject to subsection (2) below, any amendment of the rules of a society or branch as for the time being registered under this Act shall not be valid until the amendment has been so registered, and for this purpose copies of the amendment, signed by three members and the secretary of the society or of the branch, as the case may be, shall be sent to the F29Authority.

If the Authority refuses to register an amendment of a rule of a registered society or branch, the society or branch may appeal to the High Court or, in the case of a society or branch whose registered office is situated in Scotland, the Court of Session.

If a refusal to register an amendment of a rule is over-ruled on appeal, the F33Authority shall give an acknowledgment of registration under section 19 above to the society or branch.

All sums of money payable by a member to a society or branch falling within subsection (1) above shall be deemed to be a debt due from the member to the society or branch and shall be recoverable as such in the county court for the district in which the member resides.

In the application of this section to Scotland, in subsection (1) the words “and affixed his seal” shall be omitted, and in subsection (2) for the words “in the county court for the district” there shall be substituted the words “ before the sheriff of the sheriffdom ”.

The rules of a registered society or branch may provide for the reinsurance, to such extent as may from time to time be approved by a qualified actuary, of risks of any class against which persons are, or are to be, insured by that society or branch.

The rules of a registered society which is a specially authorised society complying with the provisions of subsection (3) below may provide that it may receive deposits and borrow money at interest from its members or from other persons, and upon the registration of such a rule the same shall be valid.

Every registered society and branch shall have one or more trustees.

If a trustee is appointed under subsection (2)(a) above, the society or branch shall send to the F36Authority a copy of the resolution appointing him, signed by the trustee so appointed and by the secretary of the society or branch.

In the case of the appointment of a trustee of a branch, any document referred to in subsection (3) or (4) above shall be sent to the F36Authority through an officer appointed in that behalf by the society of which the branch forms part.

The same person may not be a secretary or treasurer of a registered society or branch and also a trustee of that society or branch.

For the purposes of subsection (1)(a) above, proper books of account shall not be taken to be kept with respect to the matters mentioned in that paragraph unless there are kept such books as are necessary to give a true and fair view of the state of the affairs of the society or branch and to explain its transactions.

Any book of account to be kept by a registered society or branch may be kept either by making entries in bound books or by recording the matters in question in any other manner.

Where any such book of account is not kept by making entries in a bound book but by some other means, the society or branch shall take adequate precautions for guarding against falsification and for facilitating its discovery.

In a case falling within subsection (2)(b) above, without prejudice to the application of subsection (1)(b) above to each revenue account dealing with a particular business conducted by a society or branch, the revenue accounts in question, when considered together, shall give a true and fair view of the income and expenditure of the society or branch as a whole for the year of account to which they relate.

Subject to subsection (5) below, every balance sheet of a registered society or branch shall give a true and fair view, as at the date of the balance sheet, of the state of the affairs of the society or branch.

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Without prejudice to the provisions of subsection (6) above, a registered society or branch falling within paragraph (a) or paragraph (b) of subsection (5) above shall not publish any balance sheet which does not include a statement containing the same particulars as the statement required to be included in the annual return of that society or branch by section 43(5) below.

A registered society or branch shall not publish any revenue account or balance sheet unless it has been signed by the secretary of the society or branch and by two members of its committee acting on the committee’s behalf.

Where a registered society’s or branch’s year of account is one in relation to which a direction under section 39C below has effect, the society or branch shall not publish any year end or interim revenue account or balance sheet, unless it incorporates a report by the auditor or auditors appointed in pursuance of the direction stating whether in their opinion it complies with subsection (1), (3) or, as the case may be, (5) of section 30 above.

Subsection (3) above shall cease to apply in relation to a year of account if a direction under section 39C below is made in relation to it.

Section 39B below shall apply in relation to a person appointed for the purposes of subsection (4) or (5) above as it applies in relation to a person appointed under section 39A(2) below.

In subsection (4) above, references to a disapplication under section 32A(1) below being in force in relation to a year of account shall, where the year of account has ended, be construed as references to a disapplication under that provision being in force at the end of the year.

In this section—

“interim balance sheet”, in relation to a year of account, means a balance sheet relating to the position at a time in the year other than the end;

“interim revenue account”, in relation to a year of account, means a revenue account for any period falling within the year of account, other than one ending at the end of the year;

“turnover” has the same meaning as in section 32A below;

“year end balance sheet”, in relation to a year of account, means a balance sheet relating to the position at the end of the year; and

“year end revenue account”, in relation to a year of account, means a revenue account for the year or for any period falling within the year of account and ending at the end of the year.

Subject to the following provisions of this section F45and section 32A(1) below, every registered society and branch shall, in each year of account, appoint a qualified auditor or qualified auditors to audit its accounts and balance sheet for that year.

A registered society or branch to which, by virtue of subsection (2) or subsection (3) above, subsection (1) above does not apply in respect of any year of account is in this Act referred to as an exempt society or, as the case may be, an exempt branch, in respect of that year of account.

The F48Authority may give a direction in the case of any particular society or branch which is an exempt society or branch in respect of the current year of account requiring it to appoint a qualified auditor to audit its accounts and balance sheet for that year.

A failure by a registered society or branch to comply with any direction given by the F48Authority under this section shall be an offence under this Act.

Subsection (1) above shall not apply to a society or branch which holds, or has, at any time since the end of the preceding year of account, held, a deposit F51 . . ..

The F53Authority may by notice to a society or branch disapply subsection (1) above in relation to the year of account of the society or branch in which the notice is given.

For a period which is a society’s or branch’s year of account, but not in fact a year, the maximum figure in subsection (1)(b) above (including that provision as it has effect by virtue of subsection(6) above) shall be proportionately adjusted.

Where notice is given of an intended resolution to appoint at a general meeting some person or persons in place of a retiring auditor and the resolution cannot be proceeded with at the meeting because of the death or incapacity of that person or persons, or because he or they are ineligible for appointment as auditor or auditors of the society or branch for the current year of account (as the case may be), the retiring auditor shall not be automatically reappointed by virtue of subsection (1) above.

Where notice of the intention to move any such resolution has been given under subsection (1) above to a society or branch which is required by its rules to give notice to its members of the meeting at which the resolution is to be moved, the society or branch shall, if it is practical to do so, give them notice of the resolution at the same time and in the same manner as it gives notice of the meeting.

Where notice of the intention to move any such resolution has been given to a registered society or branch under subsection (1) above, and that society or branch does not give notice of the resolution under subsection (2) above, it shall give notice of the resolution to its members not less than fourteen days before the meeting at which the resolution is to be moved either by advertisement in a newspaper having an appropriate circulation or in any other way allowed by the rules of the society or branch.

Any provision in this section which requires notice to be given to the members of a society or branch shall be construed, in the case of a meeting of delegates appointed by members, as requiring the notice to be given to the delegates so appointed.

On receipt by a registered society or branch of notice given under section 34(1) above, the society or branch shall forthwith send a copy of the notice to the retiring auditor.

Copies of any such representations need not be sent out, and the representations need not be read out at the meeting, if, on the application either of the society or branch or of any other person, the High Court is satisfied that the rights conferred by this section are being abused to secure needless publicity for defamatory matter; and the court may order the costs of the society or branch on an application under this section to be paid, in whole or in part, by the auditor, notwithstanding that he is not a party to the application.

In the application of subsection (4) above to a society or branch F57whose registered office is situated in Scotland, for the reference to the High Court there shall be substituted a reference to the Court of Session and for the reference to costs there shall be substituted a reference to expenses.

In the application of subsection (4) above to a society whose registered office is in Northern Ireland, the reference to the High Court shall be construed as a reference to the High Court in Northern Ireland.

Any provision in this section which requires notice to be given to the members of a society or branch or confers any right upon a member (as the case may be) shall be construed, in the case of a meeting of delegates appointed by members, as requiring a notice to be given to the delegates so appointed or as conferring the right upon a delegate (as the case may be).

Subject to subsection (2) below, no person shall be a qualified auditor for the purposes of this Act unless F59he is eligible for appointment as a F60statutory auditor under Part 42 of the Companies Act 2006.

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Any appointment made by a registered society or branch in contravention of this section shall not be an effective appointment for the purposes of this Act.

References in subsection (1) above to an officer or servant shall be construed as not including an auditor.

The auditors of a registered society or branch shall make a report to the society or branch on the accounts examined by them and on the revenue account or accounts and the balance sheet of the society or branch for the year of account in respect of which they are appointed.

Without prejudice to the provisions of subsection (2) above, where the report of the auditors relates to any accounts other than the revenue account or accounts for the year of account in respect of which they are appointed, that report shall state whether those accounts give a true and fair view of any matter to which they relate.

If the auditors fail to obtain all the information and explanations which, to the best of their knowledge and belief, are necessary for the purposes of their audit, they shall state that fact in their report.

A report for the purposes of subsection (2)(b) above shall state whether in the opinion of the person making the report the financial criteria for the exercise of the power conferred by section 32A(1) above were met in relation to the year.

In this section, “turnover” has the same meaning as in section 32A above.

If a person appointed under section 39A(2) above fails to obtain all the information and explanations which, to the best of that person’s knowledge and belief, are necessary for purposes of doing what he has been appointed to do, that fact shall be stated in his report.

In this section, references to the relevant society or branch, in relation to a person appointed under section 39A(2) above, are to the society or branch responsible for his appointment under that provision.

A failure by a registered society or branch to comply with any direction given by the F67Authority under subsection (1) above shall be an offence under this Act.

For the purposes of subsection (1) above, a year of account of a registered society or branch is relevant year of account if it is one at the end of which there is in force in relation to it a disapplication under section 32A(1) above.

Regulations made by the F68. . . Treasury under section 10 of the M1Friendly and Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1968 may prescribe the maximum rates of remuneration to be paid by registered societies and branches for the audit of their accounts and balance sheets by qualified auditors F69or for the making of a report for the purposes of section 30A(4)(a) or (5) or 39A(2)(a) or (b) above.

No auditor F70or reporting accountant of a registered society or branch shall ask for, receive, or be entitled to receive, remuneration in excess of the rate prescribed in respect of his services by regulations made by virtue of this section.

For the purposes of regulations made by virtue of this section, section 10 of the Friendly and Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1968 shall be taken to extend to Northern Ireland.

In this section, “reporting accountant” means a person appointed to make a report for the purposes of section 30A(4)(a) or (5) or 39A(2)(a) or (b) above

The F76Authority may dispense with the provisions of subsection (1) above in respect of societies or branches to whose purposes, or to the nature of whose operations, F77it may deem those provisions inapplicable.

The F82Treasury may by regulations provide that in relation to any registered society or branch of a class specified in the regulations, section 41 above shall have effect as if for the period of five years specified in subsection (1) of that section there were substituted a period of three years.

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The F85Authority may at any time revoke a direction given by F86itunder subsection (4) above.

Any power to make regulations under this section may be exercised so as to make different provision in relation to different cases or different circumstances to which the power is applicable.

Every registered society and branch shall once in every year, not later than F8731st July, send to the F88Authority a return (in this Act called an “annual return”) relating to its affairs for the year of account preceding that in which the return is required to be sent.

In the case of a branch, the annual return shall be sent to the F88Authority through an officer appointed in that behalf by the society of which the branch forms part.

Without prejudice to subsection (3) above, every annual or other return required for the purposes of this Act shall be made in such form and shall contain such particulars as the F91Authority may direct.

Together with every copy of an annual return supplied in accordance with paragraph (a) of subsection (1) above and together with every balance sheet or other document supplied in accordance with paragraph (b) of that subsection, a registered society or branch shall provide a copy of the report of the auditors on the accounts and balance sheet contained in the return or on the balance sheet or document supplied, as the case may require.

The rules of a society with branches and of any branch thereof may provide for the investment of funds of the society or of that branch by the trustees of any branch, or by the trustees of the society, and the consent required for any such investment shall be the consent of the committee, or of such a majority of the members as is mentioned in subsection (1) above, of the society or branch by whom the funds are invested.

Subsections (2) to (12) of section 14 of the 1992 Act shall apply in respect of the powers of investment of the trustees of a registered friendly society as they apply to the powers of investment of an incorporated friendly society; and the consent required for any such investment as is available to the trustees of a registered friendly society by virtue of this subsection shall be the same as that required under subsection (1) above.

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A registered society or branch may in accordance with its rules set up and administer a fund for the purchase, on behalf of members contributing thereto, of Defence Bonds or National Savings Certificates or such other securities of Her Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom as the F97Treasury may prescribe.

A registered society or branch may, in amending its rules for the purpose of this section, make provision for enabling persons to become members of the society for the purpose only of contributing to the said fund and without being entitled to any rights as members other than rights as contributors to the said fund.

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A registered society and, subject to the rules of the society of which it is a branch, a registered branch may advance to a member of at least one full year’s standing any sum not exceeding one-half of the amount of an assurance on his life, on the written security of himself and two satisfactory sureties or, in Scotland, cautioners for repayment.

The amount so advanced, with all interest thereon, may be deducted from the sum assured, without prejudice in the meantime to the operation of the security.

Subject to the provisions of this section and of section 51 below, a registered society or branch (other than a benevolent society or branch thereof) may, if its rules so provide, make advances by way of loan to a registered society or registered branch of a society which is not of the same description and may take such part in the government and control of the society or branch to which any such advance is made or agreed to be made as may be provided by the rules of that society or branch.

Subsection (2) above does not apply to advances made by a registered friendly society or a branch of such a society.

An advance under this section may be interest free.

Nothing in this section shall be taken to prejudice the power of a registered society or branch under section 52(2) below to contribute to the funds and take part in the management of another registered society or branch of the same description.

For the purposes of this section a society or branch shall be deemed to be of the same description as another society or branch if, but only if, they are both registered by virtue of the same paragraph of section 7(1) above and, where each of them is a specially authorised society or branch, they are both established for the same purpose or purposes.

Without prejudice to section 46 above, if the rules of a registered friendly society or branch thereof expressly so direct, the trustees thereof may, with the consent of the committee or of a majority of the members present and entitled to vote in general meeting, invest the funds of the society or branch or any part thereof, in subscribing up to any amount permitted by this section for any of the share or loan capital of a housing association, other than shares or debentures not fully paid up at the time of issue.

The power to make investments conferred by this section is subject to the same restrictions as are imposed by section 50(2) above on the power to make advances conferred by that section F101but those restrictions shall not apply to investments made by the trustees of a registered friendly society or of a branch of such a society;

For the purposes of subsection (2) of section 50 above any amounts for the time being invested by virtue of this section shall be taken into account in the same way as amounts outstanding in respect of advances made by virtue of that section, but so that, except in the case of investments made after the date to which the valuation or return relates, the amounts invested shall be taken to be amounts equal to the value of the investments according to the valuation or return referred to in the said subsection (2).

For the purposes of this section, “housing association”F102has the same meaning as in the Housing Associations Act 1985 F101or Part II of the Housing (Northern Ireland) Order 1981..

A registered society or branch may subscribe out of its funds to any hospital, infirmary, charitable or provident institution, any annual or other sum which may be necessary to secure to members of the society or branch and their families the benefits of the hospital, infirmary or other institution.

In accordance with its rules, a registered society or branch may contribute to the funds and take part by delegates or otherwise in the government of any other registered society or registered branch of a society without becoming a branch under this Act of that other society or branch.

A registered society or branch shall not withdraw from contributing to the funds of any medical society, that is to say, a society for the purpose of relief in sickness by providing medical attendance and medicine, except on three months’ notice to the society and on payment of all contributions accrued or accruing due to the date of expiry of the notice.

A branch of a registered society need not for the purposes of this section be separately registered.

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Subject to section 55 below, all property belonging to a registered society, whether acquired before or after the society is registered, shall vest in the trustees for the time being of the society, for the use and benefit of the society and the members thereof and all persons claiming through the members according to the rules of the society.

The property of a registered branch of a society shall vest wholly or partly in the trustees for the time being of that branch, or of any other branch of which that branch forms part (or, if the rules of the society so provide, in the trustees for the time being of the society), for the use and benefit either of the members of any such branch and persons claiming through those members or of the members of the society generally and persons claiming through them according to the rules of the society.

Notwithstanding anything in subsections (1) and (2) above, the trustees of a registered society or branch shall not be liable to make good any deficiencies in the funds of the society or branch, but each trustee shall be liable only for sums of money actually received by him on account of the society or branch.

The Public Trustee shall invest, in accordance with the rules, any funds so transferred to him and shall pay the interest on any stocks, shares or securities acquired by or transferred to him in pursuance of this section to the trustees of the society or branch, and shall, if and when the trustees so require, transfer the capital of the stocks, shares or securities to them, or realise the same and transfer the proceeds to them.

The Public Trustee shall be completely exonerated from any liability in relation to any stock, shares or securities held by him in pursuance of this section, and no action shall lie against the Public Trustee in respect of any such stock, shares or securities provided that he acts in accordance with the provisions of this section.

This section does not extend to Scotland F106or Northern Ireland.

This section extends to England and Wales only.

In this section “mortgage” includes a further charge and “mortgagor”, in relation to a mortgage, means the person for the time being entitled to the equity of redemption.

This section extends to Northern Ireland only.

Where this section applies, then, upon demand in writing of the trustees of the society or branch, or of any two of them, or of any person authorised by the society or branch or by the committee thereof to make the demand, the executors or administrators F108or trustee in bankruptcyor the sheriff or other person executing the process shall pay the money and deliver over the property to the trustees of the society or branch in preference to any other debt or claim against the estate of the officer.

In subsection (1) above “bankruptcy” includes liquidation of a debtor’s affairs by arrangement.

In the application of this section to Scotland, for the reference in subsection (1) above to the bankruptcy of any officer there shall be substituted a reference to an award of sequestration being made on any officer’s estate or his executing a trust deed for his creditors or his entering into a composition contract, and in subsection (2) above the expression “trustee in bankruptcy” includes a judicial factor.

The rules of a registered society or branch may provide for the admission of minors as members.

A member who is a minor may, if he is over sixteen by himself, and if he is under sixteen by his parent or guardian, execute all instruments and give all receipts necessary to be executed or given under the rules.

Subject to subsection (2) below, a member or person having an interest in the funds of a registered society or branch may inspect the books at all reasonable hours at the registered office of the society or branch or at any place where the books are kept.

Unless he is an officer of the society or branch or is specially authorised by resolution of the society or branch to do so, a member or person having an interest in the funds of a registered society or branch shall not have the right to inspect the loan account of any other member without the written consent of that member.

Every registered friendly society shall maintain a register of the names and addresses of the members of the society.

The register shall be kept at the registered office of the society or at such other place or places as the committee of management thinks fit.

A society need not enter in the register the address of a member who became a member before the commencement of this section while it has no address for him and his whereabouts are unknown.

Where it appears to a society that an electronic address shown on the register pursuant to subsection (1) is no longer current, the society may remove that address from the register.

If a society contravenes subsection (1) above, it shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 4 on the standard scale.

In this section, “electronic address” has the meaning it has in the 1992 Act.

If the rules of a registered friendly society expressly so direct, the society may carry on any group insurance business.

Group insurance business may be carried on by a registered friendly society whether or not members of the group scheme are, or are required by the society to be, members of the society.

Where a registered friendly society carries on any group insurance business and the rules of the society so provide, any qualifying person with whom the society contracts (or his nominee) may be accorded the rights of a member of the society (including any right to vote) for the purpose of participating in the affairs of the society in the interests of the members of the group scheme with which he is concerned.

The rules of an incorporated friendly society may not prevent a person from being a member of the society in his private capacity by reason only of the fact that he has been accorded the rights of a member by virtue of subsection (5) above.

A person who is accorded the rights of a member of a society by virtue of subsection (5) above shall, for the purposes of any power which is conferred on the F117Authority by this Act or the 1992 Act and is exercisable in the interests of members of the society, be treated as if he were a member of the society.

The F118Treasury may make regulations under section 11(7) of the 1992 Act which apply to group insurance business carried on by registered friendly societies.

If, on demand made of it under subsection (2) above, a society fails, in accordance with that subsection, to make available or, as the case may be within 7 days of the demand, to send to a person a copy of the terms on which a benefit is to be provided, the society shall be guilty of an offence and liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

Subject to the following provisions of this section, a member of a registered society or of a branch thereof who is not under the age of sixteen years may, by writing under his hand delivered at or sent to the registered office of the society or branch, or made in a book kept at that office, nominate a person or persons to whom any sum of money payable by the society or branch on the death of that member or any specified amount of money so payable shall be paid at his decease.

The total amount which may be nominated under this section shall not exceed F120£5,000but where a nomination under this section does not specify the maximum sum of money which is to be payable by virtue of the nomination, and the sum to which the nomination relates exceeds F120£5,000but would not exceed that amount if any such increase as is mentioned in section 64(2)(c) above were disregarded, the nomination shall not be invalidated by reason only of the excess.

The sum payable on the death of a member by a registered society or branch shall include sums of money contributed to or deposited in the separate loan fund and any sum of money accumulated for the use of the member under the provisions of this Act, together with interest thereon.

Any reference in subsections (1) to (3) above to a registered society does not include a benevolent society, a working men’s club or an old people’s home society.

a person nominated under this section must not at the date of the nomination be an officer or servant of the society or branch, unless that officer or servant is the F121spouse, civil partner, father, mother, child, brother, sister, nephew or niece of the nominator.

A nomination so made may be revoked or varied by any similar document under the hand of the nominator delivered, sent or made as mentioned in subsection (1) above.

The marriage of a member of the society or branch shall operate as a revocation of any nomination previously made by that member under this section.

The formation of a civil partnership by a member of the society or branch revokes any nomination previously made by that member under this section.

A nomination, or a variation or revocation of a nomination, by writing under the hand of a member of a registered branch and delivered at or sent to the registered office of that branch, or made in a book kept at that office, shall be effectual notwithstanding that the money to which the nomination relates, or some part thereof, is not payable by that branch but is payable by the society or some other branch.

Subject to subsection (2) below, on receiving satisfactory proof of the death of a nominator, the society or branch shall pay to his nominee or nominees the amount due to the deceased or, as the case may be, the amount specified in the nomination.

Subject to paragraph 12 of Schedule 10 to this Act, the total amount paid by a registered society or branch by virtue of a nomination (whether in favour of one nominee or more) shall not exceed F123£5,000except that, in the circumstances referred to in subsection (2) of section 66 above, the amount payable shall include the excess referred to in that subsection.

The receipt of a nominee over sixteen years of age for any amount paid in accordance with this section shall be valid.

If any member of a registered society or branch entitled from the funds thereof to a sum not exceeding F124£5,000dies without having made any nomination thereof then subsisting, the society or branch may, without letters of administration or probate of any will or, in Scotland, without any grant of confirmation, distribute the sum among such persons as appear to the committee, upon such evidence as they may deem satisfactory, to be entitled by law to receive that sum.

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Where at the time of his death a member of a registered friendly society or branch is entitled from the funds thereof to a sum which exceeds F124£5,000but would not exceed that amount if any such increase as is mentioned in section 64(2)(c) above were disregarded, subsection (1) above shall apply to the whole of that sum, notwithstanding that it exceeds F124£5,000, F126...

A payment made by a registered society or branch under section 68 above shall be valid and effectual against any demand made upon the trustees or the society or branch by any other person, but the next of kin or personal representatives of the deceased member shall have a remedy for recovery of the money paid under that section against the person who has received that money.

Where a society or branch has paid money to a nominee in ignorance of a marriage subsequent to the nomination, the receipt of the nominee shall be a valid discharge to the society or branch.

An application for the enforcement of such a decision as is referred to in subsection (1) above may be made to the county court.

The county court or, in Scotland, the sheriff may hear and determine a dispute falling within subsection (1) above if the parties agree that it shall be so determined instead of being determined under the rules.

If the rules contain directions by virtue of which a dispute would fall to be determined by the Authority, the dispute shall instead be referred to the county court or, in Scotland, to the sheriff for determination.

In the application of this section to Scotland, in subsection (1) the words “and may not” to the end of the subsection shall be omitted, in subsection (2) for the words “county court” there shall be substituted the word “ sheriff ”F140. . ..

Any arbitrator, arbiter or umpire to whom a dispute falling within section 76 above is referred under the rules of a registered society or branch may at the request of either party state a case on any question of law arising in the dispute for the opinion of the High Court or, as the case may be, the Court of Session.

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Where no decision is made on a dispute within forty days after application to the registered society or branch in question for a reference under its rules then, subject to subsection (2) below, any person, society or branch such as is mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (e) of section 76(1) above who is a party to the dispute may apply to the county court F144. . . or, in Scotland, to the sheriff, and the court to which application is so made may hear and determine the matter in dispute.

In the case of a society with branches, the period of forty days referred to in subsection (1) above shall not begin to run until application has been made in succession to all the bodies entitled to determine the dispute under the rules of the society or branch, but the rules of the society or branch shall not require a greater delay than three months between each successive determination of a dispute by the bodies entitled under the rules to determine the dispute.

The provisions of this section also apply where the rules of a registered society, or the rules of a registered branch, contain no direction as to disputes.

In this section “dispute” means a dispute falling within section 76 above.

F146Subject to subsection (1A) below,where a registered society or branch (in this section referred to as “the lender”) has made or agreed to make advances under section 50 above to another society or branch (in this section referred to as “the borrower”) and the lender is by reason thereof empowered by the rules of the borrower to take part in the government or control of the borrower, then, subject to subsection (2) below, sections 76 to 79 above shall apply in relation to the determination of any dispute between the lender and the borrower, being a dispute relating to any such advance or agreement or to the rights of the lender or an officer thereof under the rules of the borrower, as if the borrower were a branch of the lender.

Subsection (1) above does not apply in any case where the lender is a registered friendly society or a branch of such a society.

A registered society may change its name by an amendment of its rules and in no other manner, but no amendment of the rules of a registered society which purports to change the name of the society shall be registered under section 18 of this Act unless that change has the approval in writing of the F148Authority.

No such change of name shall affect any right or obligation of the society or of any member thereof, and any pending legal proceedings may be continued by or against the trustees of the society, or any other officer who may sue or be sued on behalf of the society, notwithstanding its new name.

Any two or more registered societies may, by special resolution of each of them, become amalgamated together as one society with or without any dissolution or division of the funds of those societies or any of them.

A registered society may, by special resolution, transfer F149to any extent its engagements to any other registered society which, by special resolution or in such other manner as may be authorised by its rules, undertakes to fulfil those engagements.

A registered society may by special resolution determine to transfer F149to any extent its engagements to a company F150registered under the Companies Act 2006 F149or to an industrial and provident society.

A registered society, in order to transfer some but not all of its engagements, must in addition to passing the special resolution required by subsection (2) or (3) above resolve to do so by an affected members’ resolution, that is, a resolution passed by the appropriate majority of the members whose engagements with the society are included in the transfer and who, under the rules of the society, would be entitled to vote on a special resolution.

In subsection (3A) above, “ appropriate majority ” means a majority consisting of not less than three quarters of those members who vote.

If a registered society transfers all its engagements F153to a company under the Companies Acts, the registration of that society under this Act shall thereupon become void and shall be cancelled by the F154Authority.

A registered society consisting wholly of members under twenty one and a registered society or branch or branches of a society having members above twenty-one may, by resolutions registered in the manner required for the registration of an amendment of rules, become amalgamated together as one society or branch, or provide for distributing among several branches the members of a society consisting wholly of members under twenty-one; and the preceding provisions of this section shall not apply to such an amalgamation.

An amalgamation or transfer of engagements in pursuance of any of the provisions of this section shall not prejudice any rights of a creditor of any registered society which is a party thereto.

This section does not apply to an amalgamation of or transfer of engagements by a registered friendly society.

In this section “ industrial and provident society ” means a society registered or deemed to be registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 or the Industrial and Provident Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1969.

A registered society may by special resolution determine to convert itself into a company under F157the Companies Act 2006.

If a special resolution for converting a registered society into a company contains the particulars F158required by subsection (1) of section 8 of the Companies Act 2006 to be contained in the memorandum of association of a company and a copy thereof has been registered F159by the Authority, a copy of that resolution under the seal and stamp of the F159Authority shall have the same effect as a memorandum of association duly F160authenticated as required by subsection (2) of that section.

Subject to subsection (4) below, if a registered society is registered as a company under F161the Companies Act 2006, the registration of that society under this Act shall thereupon become void and shall be cancelled by the F162Authority.

A registered society other than a registered friendly society may apply for registration under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 if the proposal to apply for registration has been submitted to the members of the society for their consent by the procedure required for a proposal to amend the rules of the society and consent has been obtained in accordance with that procedure.

On the registration under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 of a registered society all property held immediately before that registration by any person in trust for the society or any branch of the society (whether or not a registered branch) shall become by virtue of this subsection property of the industrial and provident society.

After its registration under that Act, the society shall continue to be entitled to all rights and subject to all liabilities to which it was entitled or subject immediately before registration.

If a registered society is registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965, the registration of that society under this Act shall thereupon become void and shall be cancelled by the F164Authority.

Schedule 6A to this Act shall have effect to supplement this section.

In the application of this section to Northern Ireland, references in this section and Schedule 6A to the Industrial and Provident Societies Act 1965 shall be construed as references to the Industrial and Provident Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1969.

By a resolution passed by a majority of the members or delegates present and entitled to vote at any general meeting, of which notice specifying the intention to propose any such resolution has been duly given according to the rules, a registered society may determine to become a branch of any other registered society and also, if thought fit, of any registered branch thereof.

If the rules of the society do not comply with all the provisions of this Act and of the Treasury regulations in respect of the registration of branches, the meeting at which any such resolution is passed as is referred to in subsection (1) above may amend the rules so as to bring the rules into compliance with this Act and with the Treasury regulations.

Notwithstanding anything in section 91(6) below, publication of a notice of any cancellation of registration under this section shall not be required.

The rules of a society which becomes a branch under this section shall, so far as they are not contrary to any express provision of this Act or of the Treasury regulations, and subject to any such amendment thereof as is referred to in the preceding provisions of this section, continue in force as the rules of the branch until amended.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the rules of a registered society, at any such general meeting as is referred to in subsection (1)(a) above, other than a meeting of delegates, proxy voting shall be permitted on any resolution which, if passed as mentioned in subsection (1)(b) above, would be a special resolution, and the procedure adopted by a registered society for proxy voting on any such resolution shall comply with any requirements imposed by the F168Treasury by regulations made under this section.

For the purposes of this Act “special resolution”, in relation to a registered friendly society, shall be construed in accordance with paragraph 7 of Schedule 12 to the 1992 Act.

A copy of every special resolution for any of the purposes mentioned in this Act, signed by the chairman of the meeting and countersigned by the secretary, shall be sent to the F170Authority and, subject to subsection (4) below, shall be F171registered by it; and until that copy is so registered the special resolution shall not take effect.

Where, in accordance with subsection (3) above, there is sent to the F170Authority a copy of a special resolution passed at a meeting of a registered friendly society for the puspose referred to in subsection (1), subsection (2) or subsection (3) of section 82 above, the resolution shall not be registered (and accordingly shall not take effect) before the expiry of the period of six weeks beginning with the date on which it is received F170by the Authority.

If, on receiving the report on the state and conduct of the activities of a registered friendly society from a person appointed under section 65 of the 1992 Act, it appears to the F174Authority that it is in the interests of the members of the society or of the public that the society should be wound up, then, unless the society is already being wound up by the court, the F174Authority may present a petition to the High Court or, in Scotland, to the Court of Session for the society to be wound up by the court in accordance with the Insolvency Act 1986 or, as the case may be, the Insolvency (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 if the court thinks it just and equitable that this should be done.

Subsection (1) above applies in relation to a registered branch of a registered friendly society as it applies in relation to such a society.

An application under this section shall be supported by such evidence for the purpose of showing that the applicants have good reason for requiring the inspection or meeting and are not actuated by malicious motives, and such notice of the application shall be given to the society, as the F177Authority may direct.

The F177Authority may, if F178it thinks fit, require the applicants to give security for the costs of the proposed inspection or meeting before appointing any inspector or calling the meeting.

All expenses of and incidental or preliminary to any such inspection or meeting shall be defrayed by the members applying for it, or out of the funds of the society, or by members or officers, or former members or officers, of the society in such proportions as the F177Authority may direct.

An inspector appointed under this section may require the production of all or any of the books and documents of the society, and may examine on oath its officers, members, agents and servants in relation to its business, and may for that purpose administer oaths.

The F177Authority may direct at what time and place a special meeting under this section is to be held, and what matters are to be discussed and determined at the meeting; and the meeting shall have all the powers of a meeting called according to the rules of the society, and shall have power to appoint its own chairman notwithstanding any rule of the society to the contrary.

The request mentioned in subsection (1)(a) must be evidenced in such way as the Authority may direct.

Subject to subsection (4) below, not less than two months’ previous notice in writing specifying briefly the ground of the proposed cancellation or suspension shall be given to a society by the F181Authority before the society’s registration is cancelled or suspended.

Subsection (3) above shall not apply where the registration of a society is cancelled at its own request or under section 82(5), section 84(3) or section 85(4) above F182or under any provision of the 1992 Act; and if before the expiry of the period of notice under subsection (3) above a society duly lodges an appeal under section 92 below, the society’s registration shall not be cancelled before the date of determination or abandonment of the appeal.

Where before the expiry of the period of notice under subsection (3) above of the proposed cancellation of a society’s registration the society duly lodges an appeal against the proposed cancellation under section 92 below, the F183Authority may by notice in writing suspend the society’s registration from the expiry of that period until the date of the determination or abandonment of the appeal.

Where the registration of a society has been cancelled or suspended, notice shall forthwith be published in the Gazette and in some newspaper in general circulation in the neighbourhood of the society’s registered office.

An appeal under this section shall lie F184to the High Court or, in the case of a society whose registered office is situated in Scotland, to the Court of Session.

A society which has branches shall not be dissolved except with the consent of the central body of the society.

If, in the event of a dissolution of a registered friendly society or branch, any approved annuity, as defined in section F190620(9) of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988, ceases to be paid or any contract for the payment of such an annuity fails in whole or in part, no payment shall be made in respect thereof out of the funds of the society or branch to the annuitant or other person entitled to the benefit of the contract, but any sum which, but for this provision, would have been paid to him shall be applied in purchasing for the benefit of the annuitant an annuity (for the like term and subject to the like conditions against surrender, commutation or assignment) from a person lawfully carrying on in the United Kingdom a business of granting annuities on human life.

The provisions of this section apply where a registered society or branch is dissolved as mentioned in paragraph (b) of section 93(1) above.

Alterations in the instrument of dissolution may be made with the like consents as are required by section 93(1)(b) above for the dissolution of the society or branch, testified in the same manner.

The instrument of dissolution shall be sent to the F191Authority accompanied by a statutory declaration made by one of the trustees or by three members and the secretary of the society or branch that the provisions of this Act have been complied with.

The instrument of dissolution shall not, in the case of a registered friendly society or branch, direct or contain any provision for a division or appropriation of the funds of the society or branch, or any part thereof, except for the purpose of carrying into effect the objects of the society or branch as declared in the rules thereof, unless the claim of every member or person claiming any relief, annuity or other benefit from the funds of the society or branch is first duly satisfied or adequate provisions are made for satisfying those claims.

The instrument of dissolution and any alterations thereto shall be registered in like manner as an amendment of the rules of the society or branch and shall be binding upon all the members of the society or branch.

On receipt of an application under this section relating to a registered society or branch and after giving not less than one month’s notice in writing to the society or branch, the F193Authority may appoint one or more competent persons to conduct an investigation on its behalf into the affairs of the society or branch.

Subject to subsection (4) below, if upon an investigation under this section it appears that the funds of the society or branch are insufficient to meet the existing claims thereon, or that the rates of contribution fixed in the rules of the society or branch are insufficient to cover the benefits assured to be given by the society or branch, the F194Authority may, if F195it considers it expedient to do so, award that the society or branch be dissolved and its affairs wound up, and where such an award is made the F194Authority shall direct in what manner the assets of the society or branch shall be divided or appropriated.

Where the F194Authority makes an award under subsection (3) above F195it may suspend the operation thereof for such period as F195it may deem necessary to enable the society or branch to make such alterations and adjustments of contributions and benefits as will in F195its judgment prevent the necessity of the award of dissolution coming into operation; and where within that period the society makes such alterations and adjustments the F194Authority may cancel the award.

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The expenses of every investigation and award under this section and of advertising every notice of dissolution shall be paid out of the funds of the society or branch before any other appropriation thereof is made.

Where an order is made setting aside the dissolution of a society or branch, the society or branch shall give notice of the order to the F201Authority within seven days after the order is made.

Nothing in subsection (1) above shall apply to any act, omission or contravention which constitutes an offence by virtue of any provision of this Act other than that subsection F206. . ..

A society or branch and any officer or member of a society or branch or other person guilty of an offence under this Act, other than an offence for which some other penalty is expressly provided by this Act, shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding F207level 3 on the standard scale.

If an officer of a friendly society or any other person aids or abets F208. . . in the dissolution of a friendly society otherwise than as provided in this Act, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding F207level 4 on the standard scale.

Where a registered society or branch is guilty of an offence under this Act, every officer of the society or branch who is bound by the rules thereof to fulfil any duty whereof the offence is a breach, or if there is no such officer then every member of the committee other than a member who is proved to have been ignorant of or to have attempted to prevent the commission of the offence, shall be liable to the same penalty as if he had committed the offence.

Every default under this Act which constitutes an offence shall, if it continues, constitute a new offence in every week during which the default continues.

Subject to subsection (8) below, notwithstanding any limitation on the time for the taking of proceedings contained in any enactment, summary proceedings for offences under this Act which are instituted by the F209Authority or by the Lord Advocate may be commenced at any time within one year of the first discovery thereof by the F210Authority (or the Lord Advocate, as the case may be), but not in any case after more than three years from the commission of the offence.

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If any person obtains possession by false representation or imposition of any property of a registered society or branch, or fraudulently withholds any such property in his possession or fraudulently applies any such property for purposes which are not authorised by the rules of the society or branch or which are not in accordance with this Act, he shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding F212level 5 on the standard scaleand to be ordered to deliver up that property or to repay all moneys improperly applied; and any person who fails to comply with such an order made by a court in Scotland shall be liable on summary conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two months.

If in any such proceedings as are referred to in subsection (3) above a magistrates’ court or sheriff is satisfied that any person has applied money belonging to a registered society or branch for purposes which are not authorised by the rules of the society or branch or which are not in accordance with this Act, the court or sheriff may order him to repay to the society or branch the money which he has so applied; and, whatever the nature of the proceedings in which any such order is made, the order shall be enforceable as an order for the payment of money recoverable, F213. . ., summarily as a civil debt.

In the application of subsection (4) above to Scotland, the word “summarily” is to be omitted.

Where a magistrates’ court or sheriff makes an order under subsection (3) or subsection (4) above, that order may be appealed against as if it were an order of that court made on the conviction of the person to whom the order is directed.

Nothing in this Act shall prevent any person guilty of an offence under this section from being proceeded against by way of indictment, if he has not previously been convicted of the same offence under the provisions of this Act.

Summary proceedings for an offence under this Act may be instituted by the F219Authority or by any person aggrieved.

In the application of subsection (1) to Scotland, the reference to the Authority is to be read as a reference to the Lord Advocate.

Any costs or expenses ordered or directed by the F219Authority to be paid by any person under this Act shall be recoverable summarily as a civil debt.

In the application of subsection (2) above to Scotland, the word “summarily” shall be omitted.

In Northern Ireland, a registered society or branch or any officer thereof may be prosecuted for any summary offence under this Act before a magistrates' court acting for the county court division in which the registered office of the society or branch is situated.

Subsection (1) is without prejudice to the provisions of the Magistrates' Courts (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 as to the jurisdiction of a magistrates' court.

The trustees of a registered society or branch, or any officers authorised by the rules thereof, may bring or defend, or cause to be brought or defended, any action or other legal proceedings in any court whatsoever, touching or concerning any property, right or claim of the society or branch, and may sue and be sued in their proper names, without any other description than the title of their office.

In legal proceedings brought under this Act by a member or person claiming through a member, a registered society or branch may also be sued in the name, as defendant or defender, of any officer or person who receives contributions or issues policies on behalf of the society or branch within the jurisdiction of the court in which the legal proceedings are brought, with the addition of the words “ on behalf of the society or branch ” (naming the same).

Legal proceedings shall not abate or be discontinued by the death, resignation or removal from office, of any officer, or by any act of any officer after the commencement of the proceedings.

The summons, writ, process or other proceeding to be issued to or against the officer or other person sued on behalf of a registered society or branch shall be sufficiently served by personally serving that officer or other person or by leaving a true copy thereof at the registered office of the society or branch, or at any place of business of the society or branch within the jurisdiction of the court in which the proceeding is brought, or if that office or place of business is closed, by posting the copy on the outer door of that office or place of business.

In any case where any such summons, writ, process or other proceeding as is mentioned in subsection (4) above is not served in one of the ways specified in that subsection, it shall be served by sending a copy thereof in a letter sent by registered post or by the recorded delivery service addressed to the committee at the registered office of the society or branch and posted at least six days before any further step is taken in the proceedings.

Where proceedings are taken against a society or branch for the recovery of any fine under this Act the summons or other process shall be sufficiently served by leaving a true copy thereof at the registered office of the society or branch or at any place of business of the society or branch which is within the jurisdiction of the court in which the proceedings are brought or, if that office or place of business is closed, by posting the copy on the outer door of that office or place of business.

Where the person against whom any proceedings are to be taken is himself a trustee of a society or branch, the proceedings may be brought by the other trustees or trustee of the society or branch.

The Treasury may make regulations determining a scale of fees to be paid for matters to be transacted or for the inspection of documents under this Act F223or the Friendly Societies (Long Term Insurance Business) Regulations 1987.

The Treasury may by order provide that on the registration of, or of any amendment of the rules of, a society of any description specified in paragraphs (a) to (e) of section 7(1) above, fees may be charged in accordance with a scale determined by the Treasury under subsection (1) above, but, except in so far as an order so provides, no fees shall be payable on the registration of, or of any amendment of the rules of, any such society.

The power to make an order under subsection (2) above includes power to vary or revoke such an order by a further order so made.

Any power to make an order under this section shall be exercisable by statutory instrument, and a statutory instrument made in the exercise of any such power shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

All fees received by the Chief or an assistant registrar under or by virtue of this Act shall be paid into the Consolidated Fund.

Relief under this section must be claimed in a land transaction return or an amendment of such a return.

Subject to any exceptions or conditions prescribed by regulations of the Secretary of State, the Secretary of State shall at the request of any person claiming benefit from a registered friendly society or branch provide the society or branch for the purposes of the claim with a copy or abstract of any medical certificate relating to that person and supplied by him to the Secretary of State for purposes of the enactment relating to F228. . . social security.

Where the Secretary of State furnishes a registered friendly society or branch, in connection with a claim for benefit from the society or branch, with information relating to a claim or award under those enactments, the expenses incurred in connection therewith by the Secretary of State or any other Government Department shall be treated as expenses in carrying those enactments into effect.

In the application of this section to Northern Ireland, references to the Secretary of State shall be construed as references to the Department of Health and Social Services for Northern Ireland.

Until the amendments of section 9 of the M4Friendly Societies Act 1955 made by section 100(2)(a) of and paragraph 17 of Schedule 27 to the M5Social Security Act 1973 come into force the foregoing provisions of this section shall have effect as set out in Schedule 7 to this Act.

Any power of the Treasury, F234or the Secretary of State to make regulations under this Act shall be exercisable by statutory instrument and a statutory instrument made in the exercise of any such power, other than an instrument containing only regulations under section F235. . . 42 above, shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

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Any document bearing the seal or stamp of the Authority shall be received in evidence without further proof.

Any document purporting to have been signed by a person authorised to do so on behalf of the Authority, and every document purporting to be signed by any inspector or public valuer under this Act, shall, in the absence of any evidence to the contrary, be received in evidence without proof of the signature.

In subsections (1) and (2), “ document ” means any document issued, received or created by the Authority (or, as the case may be, by any inspector or public valuer under this Act) for the purposes of or in connection with this Act.

All documents required by this Act to be sent to the F238Authority shall be deposited with the rules of the societies to which the documents respectively relate and shall be registered or recorded by the F238Authority, with such observations thereon, if any, as F239it considers appropriate.

Any reference in this Act to a particular type of society shall be construed in accordance with section 7(1) above.

Any reference in this Act to the seal of the Authority is a reference to the seal provided for in regulations made under section 109(1)(b) (and not to the Authority’s common seal).

In the application of this Act to Scotland “heritable security” means any security capable of being constituted over any interest in land by disposition or assignation of that interest in security of any debt, and of being recorded in the Register of Sasines.

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Except in so far as the context otherwise requires, any reference in this Act to any other enactment shall be taken as referring to that enactment as amended by or under any other enactment, including this Act.

Subject to any express provision of this Act with respect to the Isle of Man, this Act in its application to the Isle of Man shall have effect subject to such adaptations and modifications as Her Majesty may by Order in Council specify.

Any Order in Council under subsection (1) above may be varied or revoked by a subsequent Order in Council so made.

Subject to any express provision of this Act with respect to the Channel Islands, this Act in its application to those Islands shall have effect subject to such adaptations and modifications as Her Majesty may by Order in Council specify.

Any Order in Council under subsection (1) above may be varied or revoked by a subsequent Order in Council so made.

The enactments specified in Schedule 9 to this Act shall have effect subject to the amendments specified in that Schedule.

The transitory provisions in Schedule 10 to this Act shall haveeffect.

The inclusion in this Act of any express saving or amendment shall not be taken as prejudicing the operation of section 38 of the M6Interpretation Act 1889 (which relates to the effect of repeals).

Subject to subsection (2) above, the enactments specified in Schedule 11 to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule.

This Act may be cited as the Friendly Societies Act 1974.

This section, sections 112, 113 and 115 above and so much of section 109 above as relates to regulations under section 115 shall come into operation on the passing of this Act and the other provisions of this Act shall come into operation on such days as the Treasury may by order made by statutory instrument appoint.

Any reference in this Act to the commencement of this Act is a reference to the day appointed under this subsection.

This Act extends to F250Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands F251. . ..