Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1980

32 Evidence by letter of request or on commission. S

(1) In any criminal proceedings in the High Court or the sheriff court the prosecutor or the defence may, at an appropriate time, apply to a judge of the court in which the trial is to take place (or, if that is not yet known, to a judge of the High Court) for—

(a) the issue of a letter of request to a court, or tribunal, exercising jurisdiction in a country or territory outside the United Kingdom, Channel Islands and Isle of Man for the examination of a witness resident in the said country or territory; or

(b) the appointment of a commissioner to examine, at any place in the United Kingdom, Channel Islands, or Isle of Man, a witness who

[F1 (i)] by reason of being ill or infirm is unable to attend the trial diet

[F2 or]

(ii)

[F2 is not ordinarily resident in, and is, at the time of the trial diet, unlikely to be present in, the United Kingdom, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.]

(2) A hearing, as regards any application under subsection (1) above by a party, shall be conducted in chambers but may be dispensed with if the application is not opposed. The application may be granted only if the judge is satisfied that—

(a) the evidence which it is averred the witness is able to give is necessary for the proper adjudication of the trial; and

(b) there would be no unfairness to the other party were such evidence to be received in the form of the record of an examination conducted by virtue of that subsection.

(3) Any such record as is mentioned in paragraph (b) of subsection (2) above shall, without being sworn to by witnesses, be received in evidence in so far as it either accords with the averment mentioned in paragraph (a) of that subsection or can be so received without unfairness to either party.

[F3 (3A) Where any such record as is mentioned in paragraph (b) of subsection (2) above, or any part of such record, is not a document in writing, that record or part shall not be received in evidence under subsection (3) above unless it is accompanied by a transcript of its contents.]

(4) The procedure as regards the foregoing provisions of this section shall be prescribed by Act of Adjournal under the 1975 Act [F4 ; and without prejudice to the generality of the power to make it, such an Act of Adjournal may provide for the appointment of a person before whom evidence may be taken for the purposes of this section.]

(5) In subsection (1) above, “appropriate time” means as regards—

(a) solemn proceedings, any time before the oath is administered to the jury;

(b) summary proceedings, in any time before the first witness is sworn,

or (but only in relation to an application under paragraph (b) of that subsection) any time during the course of the trial if the circumstances on which the application is based had not arisen, or would not have merited such application, within the period mentioned in paragraph (a), or as the case may be (b), of this subsection.

[F5 (5A) In subsections (2) and (3) above, “record” includes, in addition to a document in writing—

(a) any disc, tape, soundtrack or other device in which sounds or other data (not being visual images) are recorded so as to be capable (with or without the aid of some other equipment) of being reproduced therefrom; and

(b) any film (including microfilm), negative, tape, disc or other device in which one or more visual images are recorded so as to be capable (as aforesaid) of being reproduced therefrom.]

(6) This section is without prejudice to any existing power at common law to adjourn a trial diet to the place where a witness is.

Textual Amendments

F1 “(i)” inserted by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1987 (c. 41, SIF 39:1), ss. 47(4)(a), 61(2)

F2 S. 32(1)(b)(ii) and word “or” inserted by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1987 (c. 41, SIF 39:1), ss. 47(4)(a), 61(2)

F3 S. 32(3A) inserted (1.1.1994) by 1993 c. 9, s. 30(2) (with Sch. 6 paras. 1, 2); S.I. 1993/2050, art. 3(5) (with art. 4(1)).

F4 Words added by Criminal Justice (Scotland) Act 1987 (c. 41, SIF 39:1), ss. 47(4)(a), 61(3)

F5 S. 32(5A) inserted (1.1.1994) by 1993 c. 9, s. 30(3) (with Sch. 6 paras. 1, 2); S.I. 1993/2050, art. 3(5) (with art. 4(1)).

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 S. 32(2)(3)(4)(5A)(6) applied (31.3.1996) by 1993 c. 9, s. 33(4)(as inserted by 1995 c. 20, s. 117(1) Sch. 6 Pt. 1 para. 179(6)(b); S.I. 1996/517, art. 3(2))