S. 1(1) explained by S.I. 1972/1613, art. 6 (as inserted by S.I. 1982/1649, art. 3)

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1981/61/section/1/1995-11-01British Nationality Act 1981An Act to make fresh provision about citizenship and nationality, and to amend the Immigration Act 1971 as regards the right of abode in the United Kingdom.1982-01-01texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2024-05-171995-11-01Part I British Citizenship Acquisition after commencement
1 Acquisition by birth or adoption.1

A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement shall be a British citizen if at the time of the birth his father or mother is—

a

a British citizen; or

b

settled in the United Kingdom.

2

A new-born infant who, after commencement, is found abandoned in the United Kingdom shall, unless the contrary is shown, be deemed for the purposes of subsection (1)—

a

to have been born in the United Kingdom after commencement; and

b

to have been born to a parent who at the time of the birth was a British citizen or settled in the United Kingdom.

3

A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement who is not a British citizen by virtue of subsection (1) or (2) shall be entitled to be registered as a British citizen if, while he is a minor—

a

his father or mother becomes a British citizen or becomes settled in the United Kingdom; and

b

an application is made for his registration as a British citizen.

4

A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement who is not a British citizen by virtue of subsection (1) or (2) shall be entitled, on an application for his registration as a British citizen made at any time after he has attained the age of ten years, to be registered as such a citizen if, as regards each of the first ten years of that person’s life, the number of days on which he was absent from the United Kingdom in that year does not exceed 90.

5

Where after commencement an order authorising the adoption of a minor who is not a British citizen is made by any court in the United Kingdom, he shall be a British citizen as from the date on which the order is made if the adopter or, in the case of a joint adoption, one of the adopters is a British citizen on that date.

6

Where an order in consequence of which any person became a British citizen by virtue of subsection (5) ceases to have effect, whether on annulment or otherwise, the cesser shall not affect the status of that person as a British citizen.

7

If in the special circumstances of any particular case the Secretary of State thinks fit, he may for the purposes of subsection (4) treat the person to whom the application relates as fulfilling the requirement specified in that subsection although, as regards any one or more of the first ten years of that person’s life, the number of days on which he was absent from the United Kingdom in that year or each of the years in question exceeds 90.

8

In this section and elsewhere in this Act “settled” has the meaning given by section 50.

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<note class="commentary C" eId="c8126041">
<p>
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/section/1/1">S. 1(1)</ref>
explained by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1972/1613">S.I. 1972/1613</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1972/1613/article/6">art. 6</ref>
(as inserted by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1982/1649">S.I. 1982/1649</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/1982/1649/article/3">art. 3</ref>
)
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<ukm:UnappliedEffect Row="227" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" AffectedNumber="61" AffectedExtent="E+W+S+N.I." Type="substituted" Comments="This amendment is itelf amended by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2)" AffectingNumber="11" AffectingEffectsExtent="S+A+M+E+A+S+A+F+F+E+C+T+E+D" AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Notes="Amending provision prospectively repealed by 2022 c. 36, s. 9(3)(a)" AffectingProvisions="s. 39(4)" AppendedCommentary="(as amended (13.5.2014) by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2))" EffectId="key-374cdc98bb9cf0c2ec3ee0e614b2e43c" RequiresApplied="true" Modified="2023-07-12T09:54:57Z" AffectedYear="1981" AffectedProvisions="Sch. 1 para. 2(1)(a)" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/key-374cdc98bb9cf0c2ec3ee0e614b2e43c" AffectingYear="2009">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
<ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-a" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/a" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(1)(a)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-4" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/4">s. 39(4)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
</ukm:UnappliedEffect>
<ukm:UnappliedEffect Comments="This amendment is itelf amended by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2)" AffectedProvisions="Sch. 1 para. 2(1)(ba)(bb)" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/key-1977dfb613032f80379f90ab9cbf20d1" EffectId="key-1977dfb613032f80379f90ab9cbf20d1" AffectingNumber="11" AffectingEffectsExtent="S+A+M+E+A+S+A+F+F+E+C+T+E+D" AppendedCommentary="(as amended (13.5.2014) by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2))" AffectedNumber="61" RequiresApplied="true" AffectingProvisions="s. 39(5)" Modified="2023-07-12T09:54:57Z" AffectedYear="1981" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Type="inserted" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" Notes="Amending provision prospectively repealed by 2022 c. 36, s. 9(3)(a)" AffectedExtent="E+W+S+N.I." AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11" AffectingYear="2009" Row="229">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-ba" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/ba" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(1)(ba)</ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-bb" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/bb" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">(bb)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-5" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/5">s. 39(5)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
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<ukm:UnappliedEffect Row="230" Comments="This amendment is itelf amended by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2)" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" RequiresApplied="true" AffectedNumber="61" AppendedCommentary="(as amended (13.5.2014) by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2))" AffectedExtent="E+W+S+N.I." Type="repealed" AffectingYear="2009" AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11" AffectingEffectsExtent="S+A+M+E+A+S+A+F+F+E+C+T+E+D" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/key-c82a8311c6ea802f2b25b82e24f1f8b6" AffectingNumber="11" AffectingProvisions="s. 39(6) Sch. Pt. 2" Modified="2023-07-12T09:54:57Z" EffectId="key-c82a8311c6ea802f2b25b82e24f1f8b6" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Notes="Amending provision prospectively repealed by 2022 c. 36, s. 9(3)(a)" AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectedYear="1981" AffectedProvisions="Sch. 1 para. 2(1)(c)">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-c" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/c" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(1)(c)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-6" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/6">s. 39(6)</ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/schedule">Sch. </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-part-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/schedule/part/2">Pt. 2</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
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<ukm:UnappliedEffect AffectingNumber="11" Modified="2023-07-12T09:54:57Z" AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" AffectedYear="1981" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/key-82e67ba85ce6697f33380df0808423df" RequiresApplied="true" EffectId="key-82e67ba85ce6697f33380df0808423df" AffectedNumber="61" AffectingYear="2009" AffectingProvisions="s. 39(7)" AffectedExtent="E+W+S+N.I." AppendedCommentary="(as amended (13.5.2014) by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2))" AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Notes="Amending provision prospectively repealed by 2022 c. 36, s. 9(3)(a)" AffectingEffectsExtent="S+A+M+E+A+S+A+F+F+E+C+T+E+D" Type="inserted" Comments="This amendment is itelf amended by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(a), 2(2)" AffectedProvisions="Sch. 1 para. 2(1)(ca)" Row="231">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-ca" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/ca" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(1)(ca)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-7" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/7">s. 39(7)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
</ukm:UnappliedEffect>
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<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-d" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/d" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(1)(d)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-8-a" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/8/a">s. 39(8)(a)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
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<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-1-d" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/1/d" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(1)(d)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-8-b" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/8/b">s. 39(8)(b)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
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<ukm:UnappliedEffect EffectId="key-f497a25f4a76dbbf39856742ba923ba4" RequiresApplied="true" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" Comments="This amendment is itelf amended by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(b), 2(2)" AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11" AffectingNumber="11" AppendedCommentary="(as amended (13.5.2014) by 2014 c. 8, ss. 1(4)(b), 2(2))" Modified="2023-07-12T09:54:57Z" AffectedProvisions="Sch. 1 para. 2(2)-(4)" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/key-f497a25f4a76dbbf39856742ba923ba4" AffectedYear="1981" AffectedNumber="61" AffectingProvisions="s. 39(9)" AffectedExtent="E+W+S+N.I." Notes="Amending provision prospectively repealed by 2022 c. 36, s. 9(3)(a)" Type="substituted for Sch. 1 para. 2(2)(3)" Row="237" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" AffectingYear="2009" AffectingEffectsExtent="S+A+M+E+A+S+A+F+F+E+C+T+E+D">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
<ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:SectionRange Start="schedule-1-paragraph-2-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/2" End="schedule-1-paragraph-2-4" UpTo="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/4" FoundEnd="schedule-1-paragraph-2" MissingEnd="true">
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/2">para. 2(2)</ukm:Section>
-
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-4" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/4" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">(4)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:SectionRange>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-9" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/9">s. 39(9)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
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<ukm:UnappliedEffect AffectedExtent="E+W+S+N.I." Type="inserted" AffectingYear="2009" Modified="2023-07-12T09:54:57Z" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" Notes="Amending provision prospectively repealed by 2022 c. 36, s. 9(3)(a)" EffectId="key-e3bb2766072749cc7eea1edfb8c36287" AffectingProvisions="s. 39(10)" RequiresApplied="true" AffectingNumber="11" AffectingEffectsExtent="S+A+M+E+A+S+A+F+F+E+C+T+E+D" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectedNumber="61" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/key-e3bb2766072749cc7eea1edfb8c36287" AffectedYear="1981" Row="240" AffectedProvisions="Sch. 1 para. 2(5)" AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1">Sch. 1 </ukm:Section>
<ukm:Section Ref="schedule-1-paragraph-2-5" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/schedule/1/paragraph/2/5" FoundRef="schedule-1-paragraph-2">para. 2(5)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-39-10" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/39/10">s. 39(10)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-58-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2009/11/section/58/2">s. 58(2)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
</ukm:UnappliedEffect>
<ukm:UnappliedEffect AffectedYear="1981" RequiresApplied="true" Created="2024-06-05T07:09:45Z" Type="inserted" AffectingProvisions="s. 1(2)" AffectedURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61" AffectingClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectingYear="2024" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/effect/ukpga-2024-19-ev7f9075-5" AffectingEffectsExtent="E+W+S+N.I." AffectingURI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2024/19" AffectedClass="UnitedKingdomPublicGeneralAct" AffectedNumber="61" EffectId="key-e0f9bfc39a7a3ce51a38bc064c6f30e4" AffectingNumber="19" AffectedProvisions="s. 4AA" Row="5">
<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section xmlns:err="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/namespaces/error" Ref="section-4AA" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/section/4AA" err:Ref="Section missing in legislation" Missing="true">s. 4AA</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>British Nationality (Irish Citizens) Act 2024</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-1-2" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2024/19/section/1/2">s. 1(2)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:Section Ref="section-2-3" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2024/19/section/2/3">s. 2(3)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
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<ukm:AffectedTitle>British Nationality Act 1981</ukm:AffectedTitle>
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<ukm:Section Ref="section-50A-1-aa" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/1981/61/section/50A/1/aa" FoundRef="section-50A">s. 50A(1)(aa)</ukm:Section>
</ukm:AffectedProvisions>
<ukm:AffectingTitle>British Nationality (Irish Citizens) Act 2024</ukm:AffectingTitle>
<ukm:AffectingProvisions>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-1-4-a" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2024/19/section/1/4/a">s. 1(4)(a)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:CommencementAuthority>
<ukm:Section Ref="section-2-3" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2024/19/section/2/3">s. 2(3)</ukm:Section>
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<ukm:InForceDates>
<ukm:InForce Applied="false" Prospective="true" Qualification=""/>
</ukm:InForceDates>
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<ukm:Alternatives>
<ukm:Alternative Date="2009-07-06" URI="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1981/61/pdfs/ukpga_19810061_en.pdf" Title="Print Version"/>
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<portionBody period="#period2">
<part eId="part-I" period="#period2">
<num>Part I</num>
<heading> British Citizenship</heading>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" eId="part-I-crossheading-acquisition-after-commencement" period="#period1">
<heading> Acquisition after commencement</heading>
<section eId="section-1" period="#period1">
<num>1</num>
<heading> Acquisition by birth or adoption.</heading>
<subsection eId="section-1-1">
<num>
<noteRef href="#c8126041" marker="C1" class="commentary C"/>
1
</num>
<intro>
<p>A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement shall be a British citizen if at the time of the birth his father or mother is—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-1-1-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>a British citizen; or</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-1-1-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>settled in the United Kingdom.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-2">
<num>2</num>
<intro>
<p>A new-born infant who, after commencement, is found abandoned in the United Kingdom shall, unless the contrary is shown, be deemed for the purposes of subsection (1)—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-1-2-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>to have been born in the United Kingdom after commencement; and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-1-2-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>to have been born to a parent who at the time of the birth was a British citizen or settled in the United Kingdom.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-3">
<num>3</num>
<intro>
<p>A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement who is not a British citizen by virtue of subsection (1) or (2) shall be entitled to be registered as a British citizen if, while he is a minor—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-1-3-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>his father or mother becomes a British citizen or becomes settled in the United Kingdom; and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-1-3-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>an application is made for his registration as a British citizen.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-4">
<num>4</num>
<content>
<p>A person born in the United Kingdom after commencement who is not a British citizen by virtue of subsection (1) or (2) shall be entitled, on an application for his registration as a British citizen made at any time after he has attained the age of ten years, to be registered as such a citizen if, as regards each of the first ten years of that person’s life, the number of days on which he was absent from the United Kingdom in that year does not exceed 90.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-5" period="#period2">
<num>5</num>
<content>
<p>Where after commencement an order authorising the adoption of a minor who is not a British citizen is made by any court in the United Kingdom, he shall be a British citizen as from the date on which the order is made if the adopter or, in the case of a joint adoption, one of the adopters is a British citizen on that date.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-6">
<num>6</num>
<content>
<p>Where an order in consequence of which any person became a British citizen by virtue of subsection (5) ceases to have effect, whether on annulment or otherwise, the cesser shall not affect the status of that person as a British citizen.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-7">
<num>7</num>
<content>
<p>If in the special circumstances of any particular case the Secretary of State thinks fit, he may for the purposes of subsection (4) treat the person to whom the application relates as fulfilling the requirement specified in that subsection although, as regards any one or more of the first ten years of that person’s life, the number of days on which he was absent from the United Kingdom in that year or each of the years in question exceeds 90.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-1-8">
<num>8</num>
<content>
<p>
In this section and elsewhere in this Act “
<term refersTo="#term-settled">settled</term>
” has the meaning given by section 50.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
</section>
</hcontainer>
</part>
</portionBody>
</portion>
</akomaNtoso>