Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988

General U.K.

[F1 21 Persons chargeable and computation of amounts chargeable. U.K.

(1) Income tax under Schedule A shall be charged on and paid by the persons receiving or entitled to the income in respect of which the tax is directed by the Income Tax Acts to be charged.

(2) Income tax under Schedule A shall be computed on the full amount of the profits or gains arising in the year of assessment.

(3) Except in so far as express provision to the contrary is made by the Income Tax Acts, the profits or gains of a Schedule A business and the amount of any loss incurred in such a business shall be computed as if Chapter V of Part IV applied in relation to the business as it applies in relation to a trade the profits or gains of which are chargeable to tax under Case I of Schedule D.

(4) All the businesses and transactions carried on or entered into by any particular person or partnership, so far as they are businesses or transactions the profits or gains of which are chargeable to tax under Schedule A, shall be treated for the purposes of that Schedule as, or as entered into in the course of carrying on, the one business.

(5) Sections 103 to 106, 108, 109A and 110 shall apply in the case of the permanent discontinuance of a business the profits or gains of which are chargeable to income tax under Schedule A as they apply in the case of the permanent discontinuance of a trade.

(6) Section 111 shall apply in relation to a Schedule A business carried on in partnership as it applies in the case of a partnership whose business was set up and commenced on or after 6th April 1995.

(7) Subsections (1) and (2) of section 113 shall apply in relation to a change in the persons engaged in carrying on a Schedule A business as they apply in relation to a change in the persons carrying on a trade set up and commenced on or after 6th April 1995.

(8) The preceding provisions of this section do not apply for the purposes of the Corporation Tax Acts.]

Textual Amendments

F1 S. 21 substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 39(4)(5) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 1995 (c. 4), s. 39(2)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1 S. 21(4) excluded (for the years 1995-96 and 1996-97) by Finance Act 1995 (c. 4), s. 41(6)

Valid from 31/07/1998

[F2 21A Computation of amount chargeable. U.K.

(1) Except as otherwise expressly provided, the profits of a Schedule A business are computed in the same way as the profits of a trade are computed for the purposes of Case I of Schedule D.

(2) The following provisions apply in accordance with subsection (1)—

• section 72 (apportionment);

• the provisions of Chapter V of Part IV (computational provisions relating to the Schedule D charge), except as mentioned in subsection (4) below;

• section 577 (business entertainment expenses);

• section 577A (expenditure involving crime);

• sections 579 and 580 (redundancy payments);

• sections 588 and 589 (training courses for employees);

• sections 589A and 589B (counselling services for employees);

• section 73(2) of the M1 Finance Act 1988 (consideration for restrictive undertakings);

• section 43 of the M2 Finance Act 1989 (deductions in respect of certain emoluments);

• section 76 of that Act (expenses in connection with non-approved retirement benefit schemes);

• sections 112 and 113 of that Act (expenditure in connection with provision of security asset or service);

• sections 42 and 46(1) and (2) of the Finance Act 1998 (provisions as to computation of profits and losses).

(3) Section 74(1)(d) of this Act (disallowance of provisions for future repairs) applies in relation to a Schedule A business as if the reference to premises occupied for the purposes of the trade were to premises held for the purposes of the Schedule A business.

(4) The following provisions in Chapter V of Part IV of this Act do not apply, or are excepted from applying, in accordance with subsection (1)—

• section 82 (interest paid to non-residents),

• section 87 (treatment of premiums taxed as rent),

• section 96 (farming and market gardening: relief for fluctuating profits), and

• section 98 (tied premises: receipts and expenses treated as those of trade).]

Textual Amendments

F2 Ss. 21-21B substituted (with effect as mentioned in s. 38(2)(3) of the amending Act) for s. 21 by Finance Act 1998 (c. 36), s. 38(1), Sch. 5 para. 4 (with Sch. 5 paras. 73, 76)

Marginal Citations

M1 1988 c. 39.

M2 1989 c. 26.

Valid from 31/07/1998

[F2 21B Application of other rules applicable to Case I of Schedule D. U.K.

The following provisions apply for the purposes of Schedule A in relation to a Schedule A business as they apply for the purposes of Case I of Schedule D in relation to a trade—

• sections 103 to 106, 108, 109A and 110 (post-cessation receipts and expenses, etc.);

• section 113 (effect for income tax purposes of change in the persons engaged in carrying on trade);

• section 337(1) (effect of company beginning or ceasing to carry on trade);

• section 401(1) (pre-trading expenditure);

• section 44 of and Schedule 6 to the Finance Act 1998 (change of accounting basis).]

Textual Amendments

F2 Ss. 21-21B substituted (with effect as mentioned in s. 38(2)(3) of the amending Act) for s. 21 by Finance Act 1998 (c. 36), s. 38(1), Sch. 5 para. 4 (with Sch. 5 paras. 73, 76)

Valid from 31/07/1998

[F3 21C The Schedule A charge and mutual business. U.K.

(1) The following provisions have effect for the purpose of applying the charge to tax under Schedule A in relation to mutual business.

(2) The transactions or relationships involved in mutual business are treated as if they were transactions or relationships between persons between whom no relationship of mutuality existed.

(3) Any surplus arising from the business is regarded as a profit (and any deficit as a loss) if it would be so regarded if the business were not mutual.

(4) The person—

(a) to whom the profit arises for corporation tax purposes, or

(b) who is regarded as receiving or entitled to the profit for income tax purposes,

is the person who would satisfy that description if the business were not mutual business.

(5) Nothing in this section affects the operation of section 488 (co-operative housing associations).]

Textual Amendments

F3 S. 21C inserted (with effect as mentioned in s. 38(2)(3) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 1998 (c. 36), s. 38(1), Sch. 5 para. 5 (with Sch. 5 paras. 73, 76)

22 Assessments. U.K.

F4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F4 S. 22 repealed (with effect in accordance with s. 39(4)(5) and Sch. 29 Pt. 8(1) Note of the repealing Act) by Finance Act 1995 (c. 4), ss. 39(3), 162, Sch. 6 para. 3, Sch. 29 Pt. 8(1), Note

23 Collection from lessees and agents. U.K.

F5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Textual Amendments

F5 S. 23 repealed (with effect in accordance with s. 39(4)(5) and Sch. 29 Pt. 8(1) Note of the repealing Act) by Finance Act 1995 (c. 4), ss. 39(3), 162, Sch. 6 para. 3, Sch. 29 Pt. 8(1), Note

24 Construction of Part II. U.K.

(1) M3 In this Part, except where the context otherwise requires—

• “lease” includes an agreement for a lease, and any tenancy, but does not include a mortgage or heritable security, and “lessee”, “lessor” and “letting” shall be construed accordingly;

• “lessee” and “lessor” include respectively the successors in title of a lessee or a lessor;

• “premises” includes any land; and

• “premium” includes any like sum, whether payable to the immediate or a superior landlord or to a person connected (within the meaning of section 839) with the immediate or a superior landlord.

(2) M4 For the purposes of this Part, any sum (other than rent) paid on or in connection with the granting of a tenancy shall be presumed to have been paid by way of premium except in so far as other sufficient consideration for the payment [F6 can be] shown to have been given.

(3) M5 Where paragraph (c) of section 38(1) applies, the premium, or an appropriate part of the premium, payable for or in connection with either lease mentioned in that paragraph may be treated as having been required under the other.

(4) References in this section to a sum shall be construed as including the value of any consideration, and references to a sum paid or payable or to the payment of a sum shall be construed accordingly.

(5) M6 In the application of this Part to Scotland—

• “assignment” means an assignation;

• “intermediate landlord” means, where an occupying lessee is a sub-lessee, any person for the time being holding the interest of landlord under a sub-lease which comprises the property of which the occupying lessee is sub-lessee, but does not include the immediate landlord;

• “premium” includes in particular a grassum payable to any landlord or intermediate landlord on the creation of a sub-lease; and

• “reversion” means the interest of the landlord in the property subject to the lease.

(6) M7 In Schedule A and in sections 25 to 31—

(a) references to a lease extend only to a lease conferring a right, as against the person whose interest is subject to the lease, to the possession of the premises;

(b) “rent” includes a payment by the tenant to defray the cost of work of maintenance of, or repairs to, the demised premises, not being work required by the lease to be carried out by the tenant; and

(c) “tenant’s repairing lease” means a lease where the tenant is under an obligation to maintain and repair the whole or substantially the whole of the premises comprised in the lease.

(7) For the purposes of Schedule A and sections 25 to 31, a lease shall be taken to be at a full rent if the rent reserved under the lease (including an appropriate sum in respect of any premium under the lease) is sufficient, taking one year with another, to defray the cost to the lessor of fulfilling his obligations under the lease and of meeting any expenses of maintenance, repairs, insurance and management of the premises subject to the lease which fall to be borne by him.

Textual Amendments

F6 Words in s. 24(2) substituted (with effect in accordance with s. 134(2) of the amending Act) by Finance Act 1996 (c. 8), s. 134(1), Sch. 20 Para. 1

Marginal Citations

M3 SOURCE-1970 s. 90(1); 1972 s. 81(3)

M4 SOURCE-1970 s. 90(2)

M5 SOURCE-1970 s. 90(2A), (2B); 1972 s. 81(4)

M6 SOURCE-1970 s. 90(3)

M7 SOURCE-1970 s. 71(2)