PART XVII TAX AVOIDANCE

CHAPTER II TRANSFERS OF SECURITIES

Transfers with or without accrued interest: introductory

710 Meaning of “securities”, “transfer” etc. for purposes of sections 711 to 728.

F1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

711 Meaning of “interest”, “transfers with or without accrued interest” etc.

F2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

712 Meaning of “settlement day” for purposes of sections 711 to 728.

F3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transfers with or without accrued interest: charge to tax and reliefs

713 Deemed sums and reliefs.

F4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

714 Treatment of deemed sums and reliefs.

F5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

715 Exceptions from sections 713 and 714

F6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

716 Transfer of unrealised interest.

F7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

717 Variable interest rate.

F8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

718 Interest in default.

F9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

719 Unrealised interest in default

F10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Transfers with or without accrued interest: supplemental

720 Nominees, trustees etc.

F11. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

721 Death.

F12. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

722 Trading stock.

F13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

722AF23 Gilt strips: deemed transfer.

F14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

723 Foreign securities: delayed remittances

F15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

724 Insurance companies.

F16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F17725. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F18726. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F19726A New issues of securities.

F20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

727 Stock lending.

F21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

727AF24 Exception for sale and repurchase of securities.

F22. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C1C2C3728 Information.

M11

In order to obtain for the purposes of F56Part 12 of ITA 2007 (accrued income profits) particulars relating to securities, an inspector may by notice require a return under subsection (2) or (3) below.

2

A member of the Stock Exchange, other than a market maker, may be required to make a return giving, in relation to any transactions effected by him in the course of his business in the period specified in the notice, such particulars as may be so specified.

F57. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

A person (other than a member of the Stock Exchange), who acts as an agent or broker in the United Kingdom in transactions in securities, may be required to make a return giving, in relation to any such transactions effected by him in the period specified in the notice, such particulars as may be so specified.

4

No person shall be required under subsection (2) or (3) above to include in a return particulars of any transaction effected more than three years before the service of the notice requiring him to make the return.

5

In order to obtain for the purposes of F58Part 12 of ITA 2007 (accrued income profits) particulars relating to securities, the Board or an inspector may by notice require any person in whose name any securities are registered to state whether or not he is the beneficial owner of those securities and, if he is not the beneficial owner of them or any of them, to furnish the name and address of the person or persons on whose behalf the securities are registered in his name.

6

In this section “market maker”, in relation to securities, means a person who—

a

holds himself out at all normal times in compliance with the rules of the Stock Exchange as willing to buy and sell securities of the kind concerned at a price specified by him; and

b

is recognised as doing so by the Council of the Stock Exchange.

7

The Board may by regulations provide that—

a

subsections (2), (3) and (6)(a) above shall have effect as if references to the Stock Exchange were to any recognised investment exchange (within the meaning of the F55Financial Services and Markets Act 2000) or to any of those exchanges specified in the regulations; and

b

subsection (6)(b) shall have effect as if the reference to the Council of the Stock Exchange were to the investment exchange concerned.

8

Regulations under subsection (7) above shall apply in relation to transactions effected on or after such day as may be specified in the regulations.

F599

In this section “securities” has the meaning given by section 619 of ITA 2007.

Other transfers of securities

729 Sale and repurchase of securities.

F25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

730F26Transfers of rights to receive distributions in respect of shares

M21

Where in any chargeable period the owner of any F66shares (“the owner”) sells or transfers the right to receive any F67distribution payable (whether before or after the sale or transfer) in respect of the F66shares without selling or transferring the F66shares, then, for all the purposes of the Tax Acts, that F67distribution, whether it would or would not be chargeable to tax apart from the provisions of this section—

a

shall be F68treated as the income of the owner or, in a case where the owner is not the beneficial owner of the F66shares and some other person (“a beneficiary”) is beneficially entitled to the income arising from the F66shares, the income of the beneficiary, and

b

shall be F69treated as the income of the owner or beneficiary for that chargeable period, F70. . .

c

F70. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F712

This section does not have effect in relation to a sale or transfer if the proceeds of the sale or transfer are chargeable to tax.

F602A

F72. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F733

F80. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

Where—

a

the F66shares are of such a character that the F67distribution payable in respect thereof may be paid without deduction of income tax, and

b

the owner or beneficiary does not show that the proceeds of any sale or other realisation of the right to receive the F67distribution which is deemed to be his income by virtue of this section have been charged to F61income tax under Chapter 13 of Part 4 of ITTOIA 2005 (sales of foreign dividend coupons),

F62then that F74distribution shall be charged to income tax.

4A

The income tax chargeable by virtue of subsection (4) above shall, subject to subsection (5) below, be charged on the full amount of the F75distribution in the year of assessment.

4B

The person liable for any tax chargeable by virtue of subsection (4) above is the owner or beneficiary, but he shall be entitled to credit for any tax which the F76distribution is shown to have borne.

5

F63But, in any case where, if the F67distribution had been F64relevant foreign income, the computation of tax would have been made by reference to the amount received in the United Kingdom, F65the income tax chargeable by virtue of subsection (4) above shall be computed on the full amount of the sums which have been or will be received in the United Kingdom in the year of assessment or any subsequent year in which the owner remains the owner of the F66shares.

6

In relation to corporation tax, subsections (4) and (5) above shall not apply but, subject to the provisions of the Tax Acts about distributions, the owner or beneficiary shall F81be chargeable, under the charge to corporation tax on income, in respect of any distribution which is deemed to be his income by virtue of this section, unless he shows that the proceeds of any sale or other realisation of the right to receive that F67distribution have been charged to tax F77by virtue of F82Chapter 6 of Part 10 of CTA 2009 (sale of foreign dividend coupons).

F787

In this section—

  • distribution”, in relation to shares in a company,—

    1. a

      has the same meaning as it has in the Corporation Tax Acts (see section 209), but

    2. b

      also includes any amount that would be a distribution if the company paying it were resident in the United Kingdom;

  • shares” means shares in a company.

8

The Board may by notice require any person to furnish them within such time as they may direct (not being less than 28 days), in respect of all F66shares of which he was the owner at any time during the period specified in the notice, with such particulars as they consider necessary for the purposes of this section F79. . . .

730AF31 Treatment of price differential on sale and repurchase of securities.

F27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

730B Interpretation of section 730A.

F28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

730BBF32Exchange gains and losses on sale and repurchase of securities

F29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

730CF33 Exchanges of gilts: traders etc.

F30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Purchase and sale of securities

731 Application and interpretation of sections 732 to 734.

F34. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

732 Dealers in securities.

F35. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

733 Persons entitled to exemptions.

F36. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

734 Persons other than dealers in securities.

F37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

735 Meaning of “appropriate amount in respect of” interest.

F38. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Miscellaneous provisions relating to securities

736 Company dealing in securities: distribution materially reducing value of holding.

F39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

F40736A Manufactured dividends and interest.

Schedule 23A to this Act shall have effect in relation to certain cases where under a contract or other arrangements for the transfer of shares or other securities a person is required to pay to the other party an amount representative of a dividend or payment of interest on the securities.

F45C4736B Deemed manufactured payments in the case of stock lending arrangements.

1

This section applies where—

a

any interest on securities transferred by the lender under a stock lending arrangement is paid, as a consequence of the arrangement, to a person other than the lender; and

b

no provision is made for securing that the lender receives payments representative of that interest.

2

Where this section applies, Schedule 23A and the provisions for the time being contained in any regulations under that Schedule F86, and F90Chapter 9 of Part 6 of CTA 2009 (loan relationships: manufactured interest), shall apply F87for corporation tax purposesF83, subject to subsection (2A) below, as if—

a

the borrower were required under the stock lending arrangement to pay the lender an amount representative of the interest mentioned in subsection (1)(a) above;

b

a payment were made by the borrower in discharge of that requirement; and

c

that payment were made on the same date as the payment of the interest of which it is representative.

F84C52A

The borrower is not entitled, by virtue of anything in Schedule 23A or any provision of regulations under that Schedule, or otherwise—

a

to any deduction in computing profits or gains for the purposes of F88. . . corporation tax, or

b

to any deduction against F89. . . total profits,

in respect of any such deemed requirement or payment as is provided for by subsection (2) above.

Where the borrower is a company, an amount may not be surrendered by way of group relief if a deduction in respect of it is prohibited by this subsection.

3

In this section—

  • interest” includes dividends; and

  • stock lending arrangement” and “securities” have the same meanings as in section 263B of the 1992 Act.

F854

See section 736D for provision treating certain arrangements as stock lending arrangements for the purposes of this section.

F46736CDeemed interest: cash collateral under stock lending arrangements

1

This section applies where—

a

the borrower under a stock lending arrangement is treated under section 736B(2) as paying under that arrangement an amount representative of interest on any securities (“the relevant securities”),

b

an amount of money (“cash collateral”) is payable to or for the benefit of the lender for the purpose of securing the discharge of the requirement to transfer the relevant securities back to the lender,

c

the stock lending arrangement is designed to produce a return to the borrower which equates, in substance, to the return on an investment of money at interest, and

d

the main purpose, or one of the main purposes, of the stock lending arrangement is the obtaining of a tax advantage.

2

Where this section applies—

a

the F92Corporation Tax Acts are to apply as if the borrower receives an amount of interest payable in respect of the cash collateral, and

b

the amount of the interest is calculated in accordance with the following provisions of this section (see, in particular, subsections (3) to (7)).

3

The interest is treated for the purposes of the F92Corporation Tax Acts as if it were received on the date (“the return date”) on which the borrower transfers the relevant securities back to the lender.

4

The interest is treated for the purposes of the F92Corporation Tax Acts as if it were payable in respect of the period (“the interest period”)—

a

beginning with the date on which the lender transfers the relevant securities to the borrower, and

b

ending with the return date.

5

The rate of interest payable in respect of the cash collateral is a rate that is reasonably comparable to the rate that the borrower could obtain by placing the cash collateral on deposit for the interest period.

6

For the purposes of this section, the amount of the cash collateral on which the interest is payable is taken to be—

a

in any case where the amount of the cash collateral varies at any time on or before the return date, the highest amount of the cash collateral at any time on or before the return date, and

b

in any other case, the amount of the cash collateral as at the return date.

7

The amount of the interest which the borrower is treated as receiving in respect of the cash collateral for the interest period is reduced (but not below nil) by any interest which the borrower actually receives in respect of that collateral for that period.

8

F93. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

If the borrower is a company within the charge to corporation tax—

a

the interest which the borrower is treated as receiving is treated for the purposes of F95Part 5 of CTA 2009 (loan relationships) as payable to it on a money debt,

b

that money debt is treated for those purposes as a relationship to which F96Chapter 2 of Part 6 of that Act applies (relevant non-lending relationships), and

c

the credits to be brought into account for those purposes in respect of the interest must be determined using an amortised cost basis of accounting.

10

The fact that the borrower is treated as receiving an amount of interest is not to be taken as implying that the interest is payable by the lender or any other person.

11

For the purposes of this section—

  • money” includes money expressed in a currency other than sterling,

  • stock lending arrangement” and “securities” have the same meanings as in section 263B of the 1992 Act,

  • tax advantage” has the meaning given by F94section 840ZA.

12

For the purposes of this section—

a

any reference to the transfer of securities back has the same meaning as in section 263B of the 1992 Act (see, in particular, sections 263B(5) and 263C(1) of that Act), but

b

if it becomes apparent that the borrower will not comply with the requirement to transfer any securities back, the borrower is treated as if he transfers them back on the date on which it becomes so apparent.

13

For the purposes of this section it does not matter—

a

whether the cash collateral is payable by the borrower or by any other person,

b

whether the cash collateral is payable under the stock lending arrangement or under any other arrangement,

c

whether collateral in another form is also provided in connection with the stock lending arrangement.

F9114

See section 736D—

a

for provision treating certain arrangements as stock lending arrangements for the purposes of this section, and

b

for provision treating certain amounts as cash collateral for those purposes.

F47736DQuasi-stock lending arrangements and quasi-cash collateral

1

In this section “quasi-stock lending arrangement” means so much of any arrangements between two or more persons as are not stock lending arrangements, but are arrangements under which—

a

a person (“the lender”) transfers securities to another person (“the borrower”), and

b

a requirement is imposed on a person to transfer any or all of the securities, or any other property, back to the lender or any other person,

and it does not matter whether the person on whom that requirement is imposed is the borrower or any other person.

2

In this section “quasi-cash collateral”, in relation to any stock lending arrangement or quasi-stock lending arrangement, means—

a

any money which is payable for a relevant purpose, plus

b

any other property which is transferable for a relevant purpose.

3

Money or other property is payable or transferable for a relevant purpose if it is payable or transferable to or for the benefit of—

a

the lender under the stock lending arrangement or quasi-stock lending arrangement, or

b

a person connected with that lender,

for the purpose of securing the discharge of the requirement to transfer any or all of the securities, or any other property, back to that lender or any other person.

4

For the purposes of sections 736B and 736C, a quasi-stock lending arrangement is treated as if it were a stock lending arrangement.

5

For the purposes of section 736C, in relation to any stock lending arrangement or quasi-stock lending arrangement,—

a

quasi-cash collateral is treated as if it were cash collateral, and

b

the amount of the quasi-cash collateral in relation to the stock lending arrangement or quasi-stock lending arrangement is taken to be the amount of the cash collateral.

6

If any property other than money is transferable for a relevant purpose, the amount of the quasi-cash collateral so far as relating to that property is determined by reference to its market value.

7

In any case where—

a

section 736C applies in relation to a quasi-stock lending arrangement, and

b

the person for whom the tax advantage was designed to be obtained is a person (“the other person”) other than the borrower under that arrangement,

that section has effect as if the other person were the person who receives the amount of interest mentioned in that section.

8

In any case where section 736C applies in relation to a quasi-stock lending arrangement—

a

any reference in that section to cash collateral being payable to or for the benefit of the lender includes its being payable to or for the benefit of a person connected with the lender,

b

the reference in subsection (1)(c) of that section to a return to the borrower includes a return to any other person, and

c

any reference in that section to the transfer back of the relevant securities by the borrower to the lender includes the transfer back of any or all of the securities, or any other property, by any person to the lender or any other person.

9

Section 839 (connected persons) applies for the purposes of this section.

10

In this section—

  • money” includes money expressed in a currency other than sterling,

  • property” means property in any form,

  • stock lending arrangement” and “securities” have the same meaning as in section 263B of the 1992 Act,

  • transfer” means a transfer otherwise than by way of sale.

737 Manufactured dividends: treatment of tax deducted.

F41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

737AF48 Sale and repurchase of securities: deemed manufactured payments.

F42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

737B Interpretation of section 737A.

F43. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

737C Deemed manufactured payments: further provisions.

F44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Supplemental

737DF54 Power to provide for manufactured payments to be eligible for relief.

F49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

737EF50Power to modify sections F51. . . 730A, 730BB and 737A to 737C

F52. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

738 Power to amend sections 732, 735 and 737.

F53. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .