20(1)An “associated undertaking” means an undertaking in which an undertaking included in the consolidation has a participating interest and over whose operating and financial policy it exercises a significant influence, and which is not—
(a)a subsidiary undertaking of the parent company, or
(b)a joint venture dealt with in accordance with paragraph 19.
(2)Where an undertaking holds 20 per cent. or more of the voting rights in another undertaking, it shall be presumed to exercise such an influence over it unless the contrary is shown.
(3)The voting rights in an undertaking means the rights conferred on shareholders in respect of their shares or, in the case of an undertaking not having a share capital, on members, to vote at general meetings of the undertaking on all, or substantially all, matters.
(4)The provisions of paragraphs 5 to 11 of Schedule 10A (rights to be taken into account and attribution of rights) apply in determining for the purposes of this paragraph whether an undertaking holds 20 per cent. or more of the voting rights in another undertaking.
21(1)The formats set out in Schedule 4 have effect in relation to group accounts with the following modifications.
(2)In the Balance Sheet Formats the items headed “Participating interests”, that is—
(a)in Format 1, item B.III.3, and
(b)In Format 2, item B.III.3 under the heading “ASSETS”,
shall be replaced by two items, “Interests in associated undertakings” and “Other participating interests”.
(3)In the Profit and Loss Account Formats, the items headed “Income from participating interests”, that is—
(a)in Format 1, item 8,
(b)in Format 2, item 10,
(c)in Format 3, item B.4, and
(d)in Format 4, item B.6,
shall be replaced by two items, “Income from interests in associated undertakings” and “Income from other participating interests”.
22(1)The interest of an undertaking in an associated undertaking, and the amount of profit or loss attributable to such an interest, shall be shown by the equity method of accounting (including dealing with any goodwill arising in accordance with paragraphs 17 to 19 and 21 of Schedule 4).
(2)Where the associated undertaking is itself a parent undertaking, the net assets and profits or losses to be taken into account are those of the parent and its subsidiary undertakings (after making any consolidation adjustments).
(3)The equity method of accounting need not be applied if the amounts in question are not material for the purpose of giving a true and fair view.