Broadcasting Act 1990

Part III U.K. Restrictions to Prevent Accumulations of Interests in Licensed Services

Valid from 01/11/1996

Power to impose additional limits in relation to licences to provide television or radio services U.K.

F1 16 (1) The Secretary of State may, in the case of—

(a) any category of relevant services specified in paragraph 1(2)(b), (c), (d) or (f), or

(b) any category of relevant services specified in paragraph 1(3)(c) or (e),

by order prescribe the maximum number of licences which may at any time be held by any one person to provide relevant services falling within that category.

(2) The Secretary of State may by order impose, in relation to any category of relevant services specified in paragraph 1(2)(a) or (b) or paragraph 1(3)(a), (b) or (f) or under sub-paragraph (1), limits on the holding of licences to provide relevant services falling within that category which are additional to the limits specified in paragraphs 2 to 15 or under that sub-paragraph and are framed—

(a) by reference to any specified circumstances relating to the holders of the licences in question or to the services to be provided under them, or

(b) (in the case of licences granted by the Commission) by reference to matters determined by them under the order.

(3) Without prejudice to the generality of sub-paragraph (2), an order made under that sub-paragraph may impose on the holder of a licence to provide any specified category of relevant services specified in paragraph 1(3) limits framed (directly or indirectly) by reference to either or both of the following matters, namely—

(a) the number of licences of any one or more specified descriptions which are held by him or by any body controlled by him; and

(b) his participation, to any specified extent, in any body corporate which is the holder of any licence or licences of any one or more such descriptions.

(4) Where a person holds—

(a) a licence to provide a domestic satellite service,

(b) a licence to provide a non-domestic satellite service, or

(c) a licence to provide a satellite radio service,

which, in accordance with section 44(2), 45(3) or 86(2), authorises the provision of a multichannel service, he shall be treated for the purposes of any order under sub-paragraph (1) as holding such number of licences to provide domestic satellite services, non-domestic satellite services or (as the case may be) satellite radio services as corresponds to the number of channels on which the service may be provided.

(5) In sub-paragraph (4)—

(a) “multichannel service” means a service which to any extent consists in the simultaneous transmission of different programmes on different frequencies; and

(b) any reference to the number of channels on which such a service may be provided is a reference to the number of different frequencies involved.

(6) Where a person who holds a licence to provide any of the services specified in sub-paragraph (4)(a), (b) or (c) provides that service by broadcasting two or more programmes simultaneously in digital form on a single frequency, he shall be treated for the purposes of any order under sub-paragraph (1) as holding such number of licences as corresponds to the number of programmes that are simultaneously transmitted.

Textual Amendments

F1 Sch. 2 Pt. III substituted (1.11.1996 except so far as relating to paras. 1(2)(b), 2(7) and otherwise 1.4.1997) by 1996 c. 55, s. 73, Sch. 2 Pt. III para. 10 (with s. 43(1)(6)); S.I. 1996/2120, art. 5, Sch. 2; S.I. 1997/1005, art. 4

Valid from 01/11/1996

Connected persons U.K.

F2 17 (1) Subject to sub-paragraph (2), for the purposes of— U.K.

(a) paragraphs 2 to 15, and

(b) any order under paragraph 13 or 16(1) or (2),

a person shall be treated as holding a licence if the licence is held by a person connected with him and shall be treated as providing a service if the service is provided by a person connected with him.

(2) For the purposes of paragraph 12 and any order under paragraph 13, a person shall not be treated as holding a licence to provide a local radio service merely because he is a director of a body corporate which holds the licence.

(3) Any provision of paragraphs 2 to 14 which refers to a person’s participation in a body corporate shall have effect as if he and every person connected with him were one person.

Textual Amendments

F2 Sch. 2 Pt. III substituted (1.11.1996 except so far as relating to paras. 1(2)(b), 2(7) and otherwise 1.4.1997) by 1996 c. 55, s. 73 Sch. 2 Pt. III para. 10 (with s. 43(1)(6)); S.I. 1996/2120, art. 5, Sch. 2; S.I. 1997/1005, art. 4

Preliminary U.K.

1 (1) In this Part of this Schedule “relevant services” means any such services as are mentioned in sub-paragraphs (2) and (3) and, for the purposes of this Part, relevant services shall (subject to paragraphs 2(1) and 5(1) below) be divided into the twelve categories specified in those sub-paragraphs.

(2) In the case of services licensed by the Commission, the categories are—

(a) regional and national Channel 3 services and Channel 5;

(b) domestic satellite services;

(c) non-domestic satellite services;

(d) licensable programme services;

(e) additional services (within the meaning of Part I of this Act); and

(f) local delivery services.

(3) In the case of services licensed by the Authority, the categories are—

(a) national radio services;

(b) local radio services;

(c) restricted radio services;

(d) satellite radio services;

(e) licensable sound programme services; and

(f) additional services (within the meaning of Part III of this Act).

(4) References in this Part to national, local, restricted or satellite radio services are references to national, local, restricted or satellite services within the meaning of Part III of this Act.

Limits on the holding of licences to provide particular categories of services U.K.

2 (1) Subject to sub-paragraph (3), the maximum number of licences which may at any time be held by any one person to provide relevant services falling within each of the following categories shall be—

(a) two in the case of regional Channel 3 services;

(b) one in the case of national Channel 3 services;

(c) one in the case of Channel 5;

(d) one in the case of national radio services;

(e) [F3 Thirty-five] in the case of local radio services; and

(f) six in the case of restricted radio services.

(2) The Secretary of State may, in the case of any category of relevant services not falling within sub-paragraph (1), by order prescribe the maximum number of licences which may at any time be held by any one person to provide relevant services falling within that category.

(3) The Secretary of State may by order—

(a) amend sub-paragraph (1) by substituting a different limit for any limit for the time being specified there;

(b) impose, in relation to any category of relevant services specified in or under sub-paragraph (1) or (2), limits on the holding of licences to provide relevant services falling within that category which are additional to any limits specified in or under that sub-paragraph and are framed—

(i) by reference to any specified circumstances relating to the holders of the licences in question or to the services to be provided under them, or

(ii) (in the case of licences granted by the Commission) by reference to matters determined by them under the order.

(4) Without prejudice to the generality of sub-paragraph (3)(b), an order made in pursuance of that provision may impose on the holder of a licence to provide any specified category of relevant services limits framed (directly or indirectly) by reference to either or both of the following matters, namely—

(a) the number of licences of any one or more specified descriptions which are held by him or by any body controlled by him; and

(b) his participation, to any specified extent, in any body corporate which is the holder of any licence or licences of any one or more such descriptions.

(5) Where a person holds a licence to provide a local radio service which, in accordance with section 86(2), authorises the provision of a multichannel service, he shall be treated for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1) as holding such number of licences to provide local radio services as corresponds to the number of channels on which the service may be provided.

(6) Where a person holds—

(a) a licence to provide a domestic satellite service,

(b) a licence to provide a non-domestic satellite service, or

(c) a licence to provide a satellite radio service,

which, in accordance with section 44(2), 45(3) or 86(2), authorises the provision of a multichannel service, he shall be treated for the purposes of any order under sub-paragraph (2) as holding such number of licences to provide domestic satellite services, non-domestic satellite services or (as the case may be) satellite radio services as corresponds to the number of channels on which the service may be provided.

(7) In this paragraph—

(a) “multichannel service” means a service which to any extent consists in the simultaneous transmission of different programmes on different frequencies; and

(b) any reference to the number of channels on which such a service may be provided is a reference to the number of different frequencies involved.

(8) For the purposes of—

(a) sub-paragraphs (1), (5) and (6), and

(b) any order under sub-paragraph (2),

a person shall be treated as holding a licence if the licence is held by a person connected with him.

Textual Amendments

F3 Word in Sch. 2 Pt. III para. 2(1)(e) substituted (21.7.1995) by S.I. 1995/1924, art. 2

Limits on the holding of licences to provide different categories of services U.K.

3 Where any restriction is imposed by or under paragraph 5 or 6 below on the holder of a particular kind of licence in relation to participation in a body corporate which is the holder of another kind of licence, any person who holds one of those kinds of licence shall not also hold the other kind of licence.

Limits on participation by holders of licences in bodies licensed to provide services of same category U.K.

4 The Secretary of State may by order prescribe restrictions on the extent to which the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within a particular category may be a participant—

(a) in a body corporate which is the holder of another licence to provide a relevant service falling within that category, or

(b) in two or more such bodies corporate.

Special rules relating to participation by holders of television broadcasting licences U.K.

5 (1) For the purposes of paragraph 4 above and this paragraph the services specified in paragraph 1(2)(a) above shall be divided into the following three categories—

(a) regional Channel 3 services;

(b) national Channel 3 services; and

(c) Channel 5.

(2) Where a person is the holder of a licence to provide a service falling within one of those categories, he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in any body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a service falling within either of the other two categories.

(3) The Secretary of State may by order—

(a) amend sub-paragraph (2) by substituting a different percentage for the percentage for the time being specified there;

(b) prescribe restrictions on the extent to which the holder of a licence to provide a service falling within one of the categories specified in sub-paragraph (1) may be a participant in two or more bodies corporate which are the holders of licences to provide services falling within either of the other two categories so specified.

Limits on participation by holders of licences in bodies licensed to provide services of different category U.K.

6 (1) Where a person is the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within one of the categories specified in sub-paragraph (2)(a) or (b) or (3)(a) of paragraph 1 above, he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within either of the other categories so specified.

(2) Subject to sub-paragraphs (3) and (4), where a person—

(a) is the holder of a licence to provide a non-domestic satellite service, or

(b) provides a satellite television service (other than a non-domestic satellite service) which is provided on a non-allocated frequency and appears to the Commission to be intended for general reception in the United Kingdom (whether or not it appears to them to be also intended for such reception elsewhere),

he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within one of the categories referred to in sub-paragraph (1); and, where a person is the holder of a licence to provide such a relevant service, he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of such a licence as is mentioned in paragraph (a) above or which provides such a service as is mentioned in paragraph (b) above.

(3) In sub-paragraph (2)—

• “non-allocated frequency” means a frequency other than one allocated to the United Kingdom for broadcasting by satellite, and

• “satellite television service” means a service consisting in the transmission of television programmes by satellite;

and a service shall be disregarded for the purposes of paragraph (a) or (b) of that sub-paragraph if the programmes included in the service are at all times the same as those which are for the time being broadcast in a Channel 3 service or on Channel 5.

(4) Nothing in sub-paragraph (2) shall impose any restriction—

(a) on the extent to which an excluded licensee may be a participant in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a domestic satellite service, or

(b) on the extent to which the holder of such a licence may be a participant in a body corporate which is an excluded licensee;

and for this purpose “excluded licensee” means a person who is the holder of a licence to provide a non-domestic satellite service and—

(i) is licensed under section 7 of the M1 Telecommunications Act 1984 to provide a specialised satellite service, and

(ii) is so licensed (or, as the case may be, was first so licensed) by virtue of a licence granted under that section before the commencement of sub-paragraph (2), and

(iii) is not connected with any other person who is the holder of a licence to provide a non-domestic satellite service.

(5) Where a person is the holder of a licence to provide a satellite radio service, he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within sub-paragraph (2)(a) or (3)(a) of paragraph 1 above; and, where a person is the holder of a licence to provide such a relevant service, he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a satellite radio service.

(6) Where a person is the holder of a licence to provide a satellite radio service which is provided on any frequency allocated to the United Kingdom for broadcasting by satellite (“a domestic licence”), he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a satellite radio service which is not provided on any such frequency (“a non-domestic licence”); and, where a person is the holder of a non-domestic licence, he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a domestic licence.

(7) Where a person is the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within one of the categories specified—

(a) in sub-paragraph (2)(f) or (3)(b) of paragraph 1 above, or

(b) in paragraph 5(1)(a) above,

he shall not be a participant with more than a 20 per cent. interest in a body corporate which is the holder of a licence to provide a relevant service falling within either of the other categories so specified if each of the services in question is provided for an area which is to a significant extent the same as that for which the other is provided.

(8) The Secretary of State may by order prescribe restrictions—

(a) on the extent to which—

(i) the holder of a relevant national or satellite licence, or

(ii) a person providing such a service as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(b),

may be a participant in a body corporate which is the holder of a relevant local licence, or in two or more such bodies corporate, and

(b) on the extent to which the holder of a relevant local licence may be a participant in a body corporate which—

(i) is the holder of a relevant national or satellite licence, or

(ii) provides such a service as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(b),

or in two or more such bodies corporate.

(9) In sub-paragraph (8)—

• “relevant local licence” means a licence to provide a relevant service falling within either of the categories specified in paragraph 1(2)(f) or (3)(b) above; and

• “relevant national or satellite licence” means a licence to provide a relevant service falling within one of the categories specified—

(a) in paragraph 1(2)(b) or (c) or (3)(a) or (d) above, or

(b) in paragraph 5(1)(b) or (c) above.

(10) The Secretary of State may by order amend any of sub-paragraphs (1), (2) and (5) to (7) by substituting a different percentage for the percentage for the time being specified there.

Marginal Citations

M1 1984 c. 12.

Limits on participation in bodies holding licences to extend to participation in bodies controlling such bodies U.K.

7 (1) Any restriction imposed by or under paragraph 4, 5 or 6 above on participation—

(a) in a body corporate which is the holder of a particular kind of licence, or

(b) in two or more such bodies,

shall apply equally to participation—

(i) in a body corporate which controls the holder of such a licence, or

(ii) in two or more bodies corporate each of which controls the holder of such a licence,

as the case may be.

(2) Any restriction imposed under paragraph 6(8)(b) above on participation in a body corporate providing such a service as is mentioned in paragraph 6(2)(b) shall apply equally to participation in a body corporate which controls a body providing such a service.

Attribution of interests of connected persons U.K.

8 (1) Any restriction on participation imposed by or under paragraph 4, 5 or 6 above—

(a) on the holder of a licence, or

(b) on a person providing such a service as is mentioned in paragraph 6(2)(b),

shall apply to him as if he and every person connected with him were one person.

(2) For the purposes of this paragraph and paragraph 9 below the following persons shall be treated as connected with a person providing such a service as is mentioned in paragraph 6(2)(b), namely—

(a) a person who controls that person;

(b) an associate of that person or of a person falling within paragraph (a); and

(c) a body which is controlled by that person or by an associate of that person.

Restrictions imposed by orders U.K.

9 (1) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph 4 or 6(8) above, an order made in pursuance of that provision may impose restrictions framed by reference to the number of bodies corporate in which the holder of a licence, or any person connected with him, is a participant, and an order made in pursuance of paragraph 6(8)(a)(ii) may impose restrictions framed by reference to the number of bodies corporate in which a person providing such a service as is mentioned in paragraph 6(2)(b), or any person connected with him, is a participant.

(2) Paragraph 8(2) above applies for the purposes of this paragraph.

Power to impose restrictions on participation by persons other than licence holders U.K.

10 (1) Where, by virtue of any provision of this Part of this Schedule, any restriction applies in relation to participation in any body or bodies corporate of a particular description, the Secretary of State may by order provide for further restrictions to apply in relation to participation in any such body or bodies corporate, being restrictions which—

(a) are imposed on persons to whom the first-mentioned restriction does not apply, and

(b) are framed by reference to the number of bodies corporate in which such persons, or persons connected with them, are participants.

(2) For the purposes of this paragraph the following persons shall be treated as connected with a particular person, namely—

(a) a person who controls that person;

(b) an associate of that person or of a person falling within paragraph (a); and

(c) a body which is controlled by that person or by an associate of that person.