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Financial Services and Markets Act 2000
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Changes over time for: Section 168
Version Superseded: 03/07/2016
Alternative versions:
- 25/02/2001- Amendment
- 01/04/2007- Amendment
- 27/11/2008- Amendment
- 08/04/2010- Amendment
- 08/06/2010- Amendment
- 20/07/2012- Amendment
- 01/11/2012- Amendment
- 24/01/2013- Amendment
- 01/04/2013- Amendment
- 22/07/2013- Amendment
- 26/07/2013- Amendment
- 01/04/2014- Amendment
- 03/03/2015- Amendment
- 20/04/2015- Amendment
- 21/12/2015- Amendment
- 18/03/2016- Amendment
- 21/03/2016- Amendment
- 21/03/2016
Point in time - 03/07/2016- Amendment
- 03/01/2018- Amendment
- 29/11/2018- Amendment
- 01/01/2019- Amendment
- 01/04/2019- Amendment
- 31/12/2020- Amendment
- 31/05/2021- Amendment
- 01/07/2021- Amendment
- 08/06/2023- Amendment
- 29/06/2023- Amendment
- 29/08/2023- Amendment
- 07/10/2023- Amendment
- 01/01/2024- Amendment
- 30/01/2024- Amendment
- 01/11/2024- Amendment
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Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, Section 168 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 21 November 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
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168 Appointment of persons to carry out investigations in particular cases.U.K.
This section has no associated Explanatory Notes
(1)Subsection (3) applies if it appears to an investigating authority that there are circumstances suggesting that—
F1(a). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(b)a person may be guilty of an offence under section 177, [F2191F], 346 or 398(1) or under Schedule 4.
(2)Subsection (3) also applies if it appears to an investigating authority that there are circumstances suggesting that—
(a)an offence under section 24(1) [F3or 333G] [F4or under Part 7 of the Financial Services Act 2012] or under Part V of the M1Criminal Justice Act 1993 may have been committed;
(b)there may have been a breach of the general prohibition;
[F5(ba)an authorised person may have contravened section 20 in relation to a credit-related regulated activity;]
(c)there may have been a contravention of section 21 or 238; or
(d)market abuse may have taken place.
(3)The investigating authority may appoint one or more competent persons to conduct an investigation on its behalf.
(4)Subsection (5) applies if it appears to [F6an investigating authority] that there are circumstances suggesting that—
(a)a person may have contravened section 20;
(b)a person may be guilty of an offence under prescribed regulations relating to money laundering;
[F7(ba)a person may be guilty of an offence under Schedule 7 to the Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (terrorist financing or money laundering);]
(c)[F8a person] may have contravened a rule made by the [F9investigating authority];
[F10(ca)a recognised investment exchange may have contravened the recognition requirements (within the meaning of Part 18);]
(d)an individual may not be a fit and proper person to perform functions in relation to a regulated activity carried on by an authorised or exempt person;
(e)an individual may have performed or agreed to perform a function in breach of a prohibition order;
(f)[F11a person] may have failed to comply with section 56(6);
(g)an authorised person may have failed to comply with section 59(1) or (2);
(h)a person in relation to whom [F12a regulator] has given its approval under section 59 may not be a fit and proper person to perform the function to which that approval relates; F13. . .
[F14(ha)a person may have performed a controlled function without approval for the purposes of section 63A;]
(i)a person may be guilty of misconduct for the purposes of section 66 [F15; F16...
(j)a person may have contravened any provision made by or under this Act for the purpose of implementing the markets in financial instruments directive F17...]
[F18(ja)a person may have contravened—
(i)any provision made by or under this Act for the purpose of implementing the alternative investment fund managers directive; F19...
(ii)any provision made by the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Regulations 2013; F20...
[F21(iii)any provision made by or under this Act for the purpose of implementing the UCITS Directive; or
(iv)any provision made by the Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Regulations 2011; or.]]
[F22(k)a person may have contravened a qualifying EU provision that is specified, or of a description specified, for the purposes of this subsection by the Treasury by order.]
(5)The [F23investigating authority] may appoint one or more competent persons to conduct an investigation on its behalf.
[F24(6)Investigating authority” means—
(a)in subsections (1) to (3), the FCA, the PRA or the Secretary of State;
(b)in subsections (4) and (5), the FCA or the PRA.]
Textual Amendments
F1S. 168(1)(a) omitted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(2)(a) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F2Word in s. 168(1)(b) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(2)(b) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F3Words in s. 168(2)(a) inserted (3.3.2015) by Pension Schemes Act 2015 (c. 8), s. 89(1)(a), Sch. 3 para. 11 (with s. 87)
F4Words in s. 168(2)(a) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(3)(a) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F5S. 168(2)(ba) inserted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(3)(b) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F6Words in s. 168(4) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(a) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F7S. 168(4)(ba) inserted (27.11.2008) by Counter-Terrorism Act 2008 (c. 28), ss. 62, 100(2), Sch. 7 para. 33(3) (with s. 101(2), Sch. 7 para. 43)
F8Words in s. 168(4)(c) substituted (8.4.2010) by Financial Services Act 2010 (c. 28), ss. 24(1), 26(1), Sch. 2 para. 16(2)
F9Words in s. 168(4)(c) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(b) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F10S. 168(4)(ca) inserted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(c) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F11Words in s. 168(4)(f) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(d) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F12Words in s. 168(4)(h) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(e) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F13Word in s. 168(4) omitted (1.4.2007 for certain purposes and 1.11.2007 otherwise) by virtue of The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Markets in Financial Instruments) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/126), regs. 1(2), 3(5), Sch. 5 para. 8(a)
F14S. 168(4)(ha) inserted (8.6.2010) by Financial Services Act 2010 (c. 28), ss. 24(1), 26(2)(d)(e), Sch. 2 para. 16(3)
F15S. 168(4)(j) and preceding word inserted (1.4.2007 for certain purposes and 1.11.2007 otherwise) by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Markets in Financial Instruments) Regulations 2007 (S.I. 2007/126), regs. 1(2), 3(5), Sch. 5 para. 8(b)
F16Word in s. 168(4)(i) omitted (1.11.2012) by virtue of The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Short Selling) Regulations 2012 (S.I. 2012/2554), regs. 1(1), 2(11)(a)
F17Words in s. 168(4)(j) omitted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(f) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F18S. 168(4)(ja) inserted (22.7.2013) by The Alternative Investment Fund Managers Regulations 2013 (S.I. 2013/1773), reg. 1, Sch. 1 para. 10
F19Word in s. 168(4)(ja)(i) omitted (18.3.2016) by virtue of The Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/225), regs. 1, 2(4)(a)
F20Word in s. 168(4)(ja)(ii) omitted (18.3.2016) by virtue of The Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/225), regs. 1, 2(4)(a)
F21S. 168(4)(ja)(iii)(iv) inserted (18.3.2016) by The Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/225), regs. 1, 2(4)(b)
F22S. 168(4)(k) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(4)(g) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F23Words in s. 168(5) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(5) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
F24S. 168(6) substituted (24.1.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2013 in so far as not already in force) by Financial Services Act 2012 (c. 21), s. 122(3), Sch. 12 para. 8(6) (with Sch. 20); S.I. 2013/113, art. 2(1)(b), Sch. Pt. 2; S.I. 2013/423, art. 3, Sch.
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1Pt. 11 applied (with modifications) (26.7.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2014 in so far as not already in force) by The Financial Services Act 2012 (Consumer Credit) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/1882), arts. 1(1), 3(5)
C2S. 168 amended (18.7.2002 for certain purposes and 21.8.2002 otherwise) by The Electronic Commerce Directive (Financial Services and Markets) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/1775), regs. 1, 12(3)
C3S. 168 applied (22.7.2013) by The Alternative Investment Fund Managers Regulations 2013 (S.I. 2013/1773), regs. 1, 52(4), 53(3)
C4S. 168 applied (with modifications) (26.7.2013 for specified purposes, 1.4.2014 in so far as not already in force) by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) (Amendment) (No. 2) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/1881), arts. 1(2)(6), 50(2)
C5S. 168 modified (20.4.2015 for specified purposes, 21.12.2015 for specified purposes, 21.3.2016 in so far as not already in force) by The Mortgage Credit Directive Order 2015 (S.I. 2015/910), arts. 1(5), 23(3) (with Pt. 4)
C6S. 168(3)(5) applied (1.12.2001) by S.I. 2001/2657, arts. 1(1), 18(1)(3) (which was revoked 8.10.2001) by S.I. 2001/3083, arts. 1(2), 23); S.I. 2001/3538, art. 2(1)
S. 168(3)(5) applied (1.12.2001) by S.I. 2001/3083, arts. 1(2), 18(1)(3); S.I. 2001/3538, art. 2(1)
C7S. 168(4) applied (with modifications) (11.4.2002 for certain purposes and 27.4.2002 otherwise) by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) Order 2001 (S.I. 2001/544), art. 9G(8) (as inserted by The Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Regulated Activities) (Amendment) Order 2002 (S.I. 2002/682), arts. 1(2), 4)
C8S. 168(4)-(6) applied (20.4.2015 for specified purposes, 21.12.2015 for specified purposes, 21.3.2016 in so far as not already in force) by The Mortgage Credit Directive Order 2015 (S.I. 2015/910), arts. 1(5), 23(2)(d) (with Pt. 4)
C9S. 168(4)(c) amended (18.7.2002 for certain purposes and 21.8.2002 otherwise) by The Electronic Commerce Directive (Financial Services and Markets) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/1775), regs. 1, 12(5)
C10S. 168(4)(c) applied (with modifications) (1.4.2013) by The Financial Services Act 2012 (Transitional Provisions) (Miscellaneous Provisions) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/442), arts. 1(3), 19(10)
Commencement Information
I1S. 168 wholly in force at 3.9.2001; s. 168 not in force at Royal Assent see s. 431(2); s. 168(4)(b) in force for certain purposes at 25.2.2001 by S.I. 2001/516, art. 2(b), Sch. Pt. 2; s. 168 in force in so far as not already in force at 3.9.2001 by S.I. 2001/2632, art. 2(2), Sch. Pt. 2
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