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- Original (As enacted)
Version Superseded: 28/06/2021
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Proceeds of Crime Act 2002, Section 378 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 11 September 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
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(1)In relation to a confiscation investigation these are appropriate officers—
[F1(a)a National Crime Agency officer;]
(b)an accredited financial investigator;
(c)a constable;
[F2(ca)an SFO officer;]
[F3(d)an officer of Revenue and Customs;]
[F4(e)an immigration officer.]
(2)In relation to a confiscation investigation these are senior appropriate officers—
[F5(a)a senior National Crime Agency officer;]
(b)a police officer who is not below the rank of superintendent;
[F6(ba)the Director of the Serious Fraud Office;]
(c)[F7an officer of Revenue and Customs] who is not below such grade as is designated by the Commissioners of Customs and Excise as equivalent to that rank;
[F8(ca)an immigration officer who is not below such grade as is designated by the Secretary of State as equivalent to that rank;]
(d)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F9or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453.
(3)[F10In relation to a civil recovery investigation
[F11—
(a)a [F12National Crime Agency officer] or the relevant Director is an appropriate officer;
(b)a [F13senior National Crime Agency officer] is a senior appropriate officer.]]
[F10In relation to a civil recovery investigation these are appropriate officers—
(a)a National Crime Agency officer;
(b)the relevant Director;
(c)an officer of Revenue and Customs.
[F14(d)a Financial Conduct Authority officer.]
(3ZA)In relation to a civil recovery investigation these are senior appropriate officers—
(a)a senior National Crime Agency officer;
(b)the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs or an officer of Revenue and Customs authorised by the Commissioners (whether generally or specifically) for this purpose.]
[F15(c)a senior Financial Conduct Authority officer.]
[F16(3A)In relation to a detained cash investigation these are appropriate officers—
(a)a constable;
[F17(aa)an SFO officer;]
[F18(ab)an accredited financial investigator;]
(b)an officer of Revenue and Customs.
[F19(c)an immigration officer.]]
[F20(3AA)In relation to a detained cash investigation these are senior appropriate officers—
(a)a police officer who is not below the rank of superintendent;
[F21(aa)the Director of the Serious Fraud Office;]
(b)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F22or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453;
(c)an officer of Revenue and Customs who is not below such grade as is designated by the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs as equivalent to that rank.
[F23(d)an immigration officer who is not below such grade as is designated by the Secretary of State as equivalent to that rank.]]
[F24(3B)The reference in paragraph (ab) of subsection (3A) to an accredited financial investigator is a reference to an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of that paragraph by the Secretary of State [F25or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453.]
[F26(3C)In relation to a detained property investigation these are appropriate officers—
(a)a constable;
(b)an SFO officer;
(c)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F27or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453;
(d)an officer of Revenue and Customs.
(3D)In relation to a detained property investigation these are senior appropriate officers—
(a)a police officer who is not below the rank of inspector;
(b)the Director of the Serious Fraud Office;
(c)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F28or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453;
(d)an officer of Revenue and Customs who is not below such grade as is designated by the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs as equivalent to the police rank of inspector.
(3E)In relation to a frozen funds investigation these are appropriate officers—
(a)a constable;
(b)an SFO officer;
(c)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F29or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453;
(d)an officer of Revenue and Customs.
(3F)In relation to a frozen funds investigation these are senior appropriate officers—
(a)a police officer who is not below the rank of inspector;
(b)the Director of the Serious Fraud Office;
(c)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F30or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453;
(d)an officer of Revenue and Customs who is not below such grade as is designated by the Commissioners for Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs as equivalent to the police rank of inspector.]
(4)In relation to a money laundering investigation these are appropriate officers—
(a)an accredited financial investigator;
(b)a constable;
[F31(ba)an SFO officer;]
[F32(c)an officer of Revenue and Customs;]
[F33(d)an immigration officer.]
(5)For the purposes of section 342, in relation to a money laundering investigation a person authorised for the purposes of money laundering investigations by [F34the [F35Director General of the National Crime Agency]] is also an appropriate officer.
(6)In relation to a money laundering investigation these are senior appropriate officers—
(a)a police officer who is not below the rank of superintendent;
[F36(aa)the Director of the Serious Fraud Office;]
(b)[F37an officer of Revenue and Customs] who is not below such grade as is designated by the Commissioners of Customs and Excise as equivalent to that rank;
[F38(ba)an immigration officer who is not below such grade as is designated by the Secretary of State as equivalent to that rank;]
(c)an accredited financial investigator who falls within a description specified in an order made for the purposes of this paragraph by the Secretary of State [F39or the Welsh Ministers] under section 453.
[F40(6A)In relation to an exploitation proceeds investigation [F41—
(a)], [F42a National Crime Agency officer] is an appropriate officer.]
[F43(b)a [F44senior National Crime Agency officer] is a senior appropriate officer.]
F45(7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
[F46(8)For the purposes of this Part a [F47senior National Crime Agency officer] is—
(a)the [F48Director General of the National Crime Agency]; or
(b)any [F49other National Crime Agency officer] authorised by the Director General (whether generally or specifically) for this purpose.]
[F50(9)For the purposes of this Part—
(a)“Financial Conduct Authority officer” means a member of staff of the Financial Conduct Authority;
(b)“senior Financial Conduct Authority officer” means a Financial Conduct Authority officer who is not below such grade as is designated by the Treasury for those purposes.]
Textual Amendments
F1S. 378(1)(a) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(2); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F2S. 378(1)(ca) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(1)(6), Sch. 1 para. 25(2); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(aa)
F3S. 378(1)(d) substituted (17.7.2013) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 48 para. 18(a)
F4S. 378(1)(e) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), ss. 55(5)(a), 61(2) (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(f)
F5S. 378(2)(a) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(3); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F6S. 378(2)(ba) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(1)(6), Sch. 1 para. 25(3); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(aa)
F7Words in s. 378(2)(c) substituted (17.7.2013) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 48 para. 18(b)
F8S. 378(2)(ca) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), ss. 55(5)(b), 61(2) (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(f)
F9Words in s. 378(2)(d) inserted (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Consequential and Supplemental Provisions) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/285), regs. 1(2), 5(h)
F10S. 378(3)(3ZA) substituted for s. 378(3) (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), ss. 19(3), 58(1)(6); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(f)
F11Words in s. 378(3) substituted (1.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 8 para. 116(4); S.I. 2008/755, art. 2(1)(a) (with arts. 3-14)
F12Words in s. 378(3)(a) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(4)(a); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F13Words in s. 378(3)(b) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(4)(b); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F14S. 378(3)(d) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), ss. 20(4), 58(1)(6); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(f)
F15S. 378(3ZA)(c) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), ss. 20(5), 58(1)(6); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(f)
F16S. 378(3A) inserted (6.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 10 para. 13; S.I. 2008/755, art. 17(1)(d)(ii)
F17S. 378(3A)(aa) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(1)(6), Sch. 1 para. 25(4); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(aa)
F18S. 378(3A)(ab) inserted (6.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), ss. 80(7), 94(1); S.I. 2008/755, art. 17(1)(g)
F19S. 378(3A)(c) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), ss. 55(5)(c), 61(2) (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(f)
F20S. 378(3AA) inserted (1.6.2015 for E.W., 1.2.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 19 para. 27(2); S.I. 2015/964, art. 2(e); S.I. 2017/4, art. 2
F21S. 378(3AA)(aa) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(1)(6), Sch. 1 para. 25(5); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(aa)
F22Words in s. 378(3AA)(b) inserted (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Consequential and Supplemental Provisions) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/285), regs. 1(2), 5(i)
F23S. 378(3AA)(d) inserted (1.6.2015 for E.W., 1.2.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 19 para. 29; S.I. 2015/964, art. 2(f); S.I. 2017/4, art. 2
F24S. 378(3B) inserted (6.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), ss. 80(8), 94(1); S.I. 2008/755, art. 17(1)(g)
F25Words in s. 378(3B) inserted (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Consequential and Supplemental Provisions) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/285), regs. 1(2), 5(j)
F26S. 378(3C)-(3F) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. for specified purposes, 16.4.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(5)(6), Sch. 5 para. 59; S.I. 2018/78, reg. 5(3)(a)(i)(ii)
F27Words in s. 378(3C)(c) inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Supplemental Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/768), regs. 1(2), 2(i)
F28Words in s. 378(3D)(c) inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Supplemental Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/768), regs. 1(2), 2(j)
F29Words in s. 378(3E)(c) inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Supplemental Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/768), regs. 1(2), 2(k)
F30Words in s. 378(3F)(c) inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Supplemental Provision) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/768), regs. 1(2), 2(l)
F31S. 378(4)(ba) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(1)(6), Sch. 1 para. 25(6); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(aa)
F32S. 378(4)(c) substituted (17.7.2013) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 48 para. 18(c)
F33S. 378(4)(d) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), ss. 55(5)(d), 61(2) (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(f)
F34Words in s. 378(5) substituted (1.4.2006) by Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (c. 15), s. 178(8), Sch. 4 para. 175; S.I. 2006/378, art. 4(1), Sch. para. 10
F35Words in s. 378(5) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(5); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F36S. 378(6)(aa) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), s. 58(1)(6), Sch. 1 para. 25(7); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(aa)
F37Words in s. 378(6)(b) substituted (17.7.2013) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 48 para. 18(b)
F38S. 378(6)(ba) inserted (25.6.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), ss. 55(5)(e), 61(2) (with Sch. 21 para. 40); S.I. 2013/1042, art. 4(f)
F39Words in s. 378(6)(c) inserted (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Tax Collection and Management (Wales) Act 2016 (Consequential and Supplemental Provisions) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/285), regs. 1(2), 5(k)
F40S. 378(6A) inserted (6.4.2010) by Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (c. 25), s. 182(5), Sch. 19 para. 18 (with s. 180); S.I. 2010/816, art. 2, Sch. para. 18
F41Word in s. 378(6A) inserted (1.6.2015 for E.W., 1.2.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 19 para. 27(3)(a); S.I. 2015/964, art. 2(e); S.I. 2017/4, art. 2
F42Words in s. 378(6A) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(6) ; S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F43S. 378(6A)(b) inserted (1.6.2015 for E.W., 1.2.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 19 para. 27(3)(b); S.I. 2015/964, art. 2(e); S.I. 2017/4, art. 2
F44Words in s. 378(6A)(b) substituted (1.6.2015 for E.W., 1.2.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 19 para. 30; S.I. 2015/964, art. 2(f); S.I. 2017/4, art. 2
F45S. 378(7) repealed (1.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 8 para. 116(6), Sch. 14; S.I. 2008/755, art. 2(1)(a)(d) (with arts. 3-14)
F46S. 378(8) inserted (1.4.2008) by Serious Crime Act 2007 (c. 27), s. 94(1), Sch. 8 para. 116(7); S.I. 2008/755, art. 2(1)(a) (with arts. 3-14)
F47Words in s. 378(8) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(7)(a); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F48Words in s. 378(8)(a) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(7)(b); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F49Words in s. 378(8)(b) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 144(7)(c); S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)
F50S. 378(9) inserted (27.4.2017 for specified purposes, 31.1.2018 for E.W. in so far as not already in force) by Criminal Finances Act 2017 (c. 22), ss. 20(6), 58(1)(6); S.I. 2018/78, reg. 3(f)
Modifications etc. (not altering text)
C1S. 378(1)(b) modified (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/196), arts. 1(2), 3, Sch. para. 6
C2S. 378(2)(d) modified (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/196), arts. 1(2), 4, Sch. para. 12
C3S. 378(3A)(ab) modified (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/196), arts. 1(2), 3, Sch. para. 7
C4S. 378(3AA)(b) modified (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/196), arts. 1(2), 4, Sch. para. 13
C5S. 378(3C)(c) modified by S.I. 2018/196, Sch. para. 7A (as inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) (Amendment) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/767), arts. 1(2), 2(2)(e))
C6S. 378(3D)(c) modified by S.I. 2018/196, Sch. para. 13A (as inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) (Amendment) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/767), arts. 1(2), 2(3)(b))
C7S. 378(3E)(c) modified by S.I. 2018/196, Sch. para. 7B (as inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) (Amendment) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/767), arts. 1(2), 2(2)(e))
C8S. 378(3F)(c) modified by S.I. 2018/196, Sch. para. 13B (as inserted (E.W.) (20.7.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) (Amendment) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/767), arts. 1(2), 2(3)(b))
C9S. 378(4)(a) modified (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/196), arts. 1(2), 3, Sch. para. 8
C10S. 378(6)(c) modified (E.W.) (1.4.2018) by The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (References to Welsh Revenue Authority Financial Investigators) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/196), arts. 1(2), 4, Sch. para. 14
Commencement Information
I1S. 378 in force at 24.2.2003 by S.I. 2003/120, art. 2, Sch. (with arts. 3, 4) (as amended (20.2.2003) by S.I. 2003/333, art. 14)
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