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Part 4U.K.Pension schemes etc

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C7Pt. 4 modified (1.7.2008) (N.I.) (with effect in accordance with reg. 1 of the amending Rule) by The Health and Social Care (Pension Scheme) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2008 (S.R. 2008/256), regs. 1, 124(1) (with regs. 134, 258)

C9Pt. 4 applied (21.7.2009) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 35 para. 18

C10Pt. 4 modified (19.7.2011) by Finance Act 2011 (c. 11), Sch. 18 para. 14(3)

C11Pt. 4 applied (with modifications) (with application in accordance with Sch. 22 para. 1 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 22 para. 1(2)

C12Pt. 4 modified (17.7.2014) by Finance Act 2014 (c. 26), Sch. 6 para. 1(2)(3)

C13Pt. 4: power to amend conferred (17.12.2014) by Taxation of Pensions Act 2014 (c. 30), s. 4(3)

C14Pt. 4 modified (15.9.2016) by Finance Act 2016 (c. 24), Sch. 4 para. 1

C15Pt. 4 modified (15.9.2016) by Finance Act 2016 (c. 24), Sch. 4 para. 9(2)

Chapter 5U.K.Registered pension schemes: tax charges

Unauthorised payments chargeU.K.

208Unauthorised payments chargeU.K.

(1)A charge to income tax, to be known as the unauthorised payments charge, arises where an unauthorised payment is made by a registered pension scheme.

(2)The person liable to the charge—

(a)in the case of an unauthorised member payment [F1made to or in respect of a person before the person's death, is the person,]

(b)in the case of an unauthorised member payment made [F2in respect of a person after the person's] death, is the recipient, and

(c)in the case of an unauthorised employer payment, is the [F3person] to or in respect of whom the payment is made.

(3)If more than one person is liable to the unauthorised payments charge in respect of an unauthorised payment, those persons are jointly and severally liable to the charge in respect of the payment.

(4)A person is liable to the unauthorised payments charge whether or not—

(a)that person,

(b)any other person who is liable to the unauthorised payments charge, and

(c)the scheme administrator,

are residentF4... or domiciled in the United Kingdom.

(5)The rate of the charge is 40% in respect of the unauthorised payment.

[F5(6)The Treasury may by order amend subsection (5) so as to vary the rate of the unauthorised payments charge.

(6A)An order under subsection (6) may make provision for there to be different rates in different circumstances.]

(7)An unauthorised payment may also be subject to—

(a)the unauthorised payments surcharge under section 209, and

(b)the scheme sanction charge under section 239.

(8)An unauthorised payment is not to be treated as income for any purpose of the Tax Acts.

Textual Amendments

F1Words in s. 208(2)(a) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 14(a)

F2Words in s. 208(2)(b) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 14(b)

F3Word in s. 208(2)(c) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 14(c)

F4Words in s. 208(4) omitted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 46 para. 132 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 46 para. 125

F5S. 208(6)(6A) substituted for s. 208(6) (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 12

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I1Ss. 160-274, 281, Schs. 30-35 in force at 6.4.2006 but any power to make an order or regulations under those provisions may be exercised at any time after Royal Assent, see s. 284

209Unauthorised payments surchargeU.K.

(1)A charge to income tax, to be known as the unauthorised payments surcharge, arises where a surchargeable unauthorised payment is made by a registered pension scheme.

(2)“Surchargeable unauthorised payments” means—

(a)surchargeable unauthorised member payments (see section 210), and

(b)surchargeable unauthorised employer payments (see section 213).

(3)The person liable to the charge—

(a)in the case of a surchargeable unauthorised member payment [F6made to or in respect of a person before the person's death, is the person,]

(b)in the case of a surchargeable unauthorised member payment made [F7in respect of a person after the person's] death, is the recipient, and

(c)in the case of a surchargeable unauthorised employer payment, is the [F8person] to or in respect of whom the payment was made.

(4)If more than one person is liable to the unauthorised payments surcharge in respect of a surchargeable unauthorised payment, those persons are jointly and severally liable to the surcharge in respect of the payment.

(5)A person is liable to the unauthorised payments surcharge whether or not—

(a)that person,

(b)any other person who is liable to the unauthorised payments surcharge, F9...

(c)the scheme administrator, [F10and]

[F11(d)the sub-scheme administrator,]

are residentF12... or domiciled in the United Kingdom.

(6)The rate of the charge is 15% in respect of the surchargeable unauthorised payment.

[F13(7)The Treasury may by order amend subsection (6) so as to vary the rate of the unauthorised payments surcharge.

(8)An order under subsection (7) may make provision for there to be different rates in different circumstances.]

Textual Amendments

F6Words in s. 209(3)(a) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 15(a)

F7Words in s. 209(3)(b) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 15(b)

F8Word in s. 209(3)(c) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 15(c)

F12Words in s. 209(5) omitted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 46 para. 132 of the amending Act) by virtue of Finance Act 2013 (c. 29), Sch. 46 para. 126

F13S. 209(7)(8) substituted for s. 209(7) (with effect in accordance with Sch. 2 para. 25 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2009 (c. 10), Sch. 2 para. 13

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I2Ss. 160-274, 281, Schs. 30-35 in force at 6.4.2006 but any power to make an order or regulations under those provisions may be exercised at any time after Royal Assent, see s. 284

210Surchargeable unauthorised member paymentsU.K.

(1)This section identifies which unauthorised member payments made by a registered pension scheme [F14to or in respect of a person who is or has been a member of] the pension scheme are surchargeable.

(2)If the surcharge threshold is reached before the end of the period of 12 months beginning with a reference date, each unauthorised member payment made [F15to or in respect of the person] in the surcharge period is surchargeable.

(3)The surcharge period is the period—

(a)beginning with the reference date, and

(b)ending with the day on which the surcharge threshold is reached.

(4)The first reference date is the date on which the pension scheme first makes an unauthorised member payment [F16to or in respect of the person].

(5)Each subsequent reference date is the date, after the end of the previous reference period, on which the pension scheme next makes an unauthorised member payment [F17to or in respect of the person].

(6)The previous reference period is the period of 12 months beginning with the previous reference date or, if the surcharge threshold is reached in that period, is the surcharge period ending with the date on which it was reached.

(7)The surcharge threshold is reached if the unauthorised payments percentage reaches 25%.

(8)The unauthorised payments percentage is the aggregate of the percentages of the pension fund used up by each unauthorised member payment made by the pension scheme [F18to or in respect of the person] on or after the reference date.

(9)The percentage of the pension fund used up on the occasion of an unauthorised member payment is—

where—

UMP is the amount of the unauthorised member payment, and

VR is an amount equal to the [F19aggregate of the value of the member's rights under arrangements relating to the member under the pension scheme when the unauthorised payment is made (or, if the unauthorised member payment is made after the member has died or has otherwise ceased to be a member of the pension scheme, at the date when the member died or otherwise ceased to be a member).]

(10)The value of the member’s rights under [F20an arrangement on any] date is the aggregate of—

(a)the value of the member’s crystallised rights under the arrangement on that date, calculated in accordance with section 211, and

(b)the value of the member’s uncrystallised rights under the arrangement on that date, calculated in accordance with section 212.

Textual Amendments

F14Words in s. 210(1) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(2)

F15Words in s. 210(2) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(3)

F16Words in s. 210(4) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(3)

F17Words in s. 210(5) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(3)

F18Words in s. 210(8) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(3)

F19Words in s. 210(9) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(4)

F20Words in s. 210(10) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 16(5)

Commencement Information

I3Ss. 160-274, 281, Schs. 30-35 in force at 6.4.2006 but any power to make an order or regulations under those provisions may be exercised at any time after Royal Assent, see s. 284

211Valuation of crystallised rights for purposes of section 210U.K.

(1)The value of the member’s crystallised rights under [F21an arrangement] on any date is the aggregate of—

(a)the value of each scheme pension or lifetime annuity to which the member has an actual (rather than a prospective) entitlement under the arrangement on that date, F22...

(b)the aggregate of the amount of the sums, and the market value of the assets, representing the [F23member's drawdown pension fund] in respect of the arrangement on that date (if any)[F24, and

(c)the aggregate of the amount of the sums, and the market value of the assets, representing the member's flexi-access drawdown fund in respect of the arrangement on that date (if any).]

(2)The value of a scheme pension or lifetime annuity is—

where—

RVF is the relevant valuation factor (see section 276), and

ARP is an amount equal to the annual rate of the pension or annuity on the date.

Textual Amendments

F21Words in s. 211(1) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 17

F22Word in s. 211(1)(a) omitted (17.12.2014) by virtue of Taxation of Pensions Act 2014 (c. 30), Sch. 1 para. 14(a)

F23Words in s. 211(1)(b) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 16 para. 85 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2011 (c. 11), Sch. 16 para. 71

F24S. 211(1)(c) and preceding word inserted (17.12.2014) by Taxation of Pensions Act 2014 (c. 30), Sch. 1 para. 14(b)

Commencement Information

I4Ss. 160-274, 281, Schs. 30-35 in force at 6.4.2006 but any power to make an order or regulations under those provisions may be exercised at any time after Royal Assent, see s. 284

212Valuation of uncrystallised rights for purposes of section 210U.K.

(1)Rights are uncrystallised if the member is not entitled to the present payment of benefits in respect of the rights.

(2)The member is to be treated as entitled to the present payment of benefits in respect of the sums and assets representing the [F25member's drawdown pension fund] [F26or the member's flexi-access drawdown fund].

(3)The value of the member’s uncrystallised rights under [F27an arrangement] on any date is to be calculated—

(a)in accordance with subsection (4) if the arrangement is a cash balance arrangement,

(b)in accordance with subsection (5) if the arrangement is a money purchase arrangement [F28that is neither a cash balance arrangement nor a collective money purchase arrangement],

(c)in accordance with subsection (6) if the arrangement is a defined benefits arrangement [F29or a collective money purchase arrangement], and

(d)in accordance with subsection (7) if the arrangement is a hybrid arrangement.

(4)If this subsection applies, the value of the member’s uncrystallised rights under the arrangement on the date is the amount which would, on the valuation assumptions (see section 277), be available for the provision of benefits in respect of those rights if the member became entitled to benefits in respect of those rights on the date.

(5)If this subsection applies, the value of the member’s uncrystallised rights under the arrangement on the date is the aggregate of—

(a)the amount of such of the sums held for the purposes of the arrangement on the date as represent those rights, and

(b)the market value of such of the assets held for the purposes of the arrangement on the date as represent those rights.

(6)If this subsection applies, the value of the member’s uncrystallised rights under the arrangement on the date is—

where—

RVF is the relevant valuation factor (see section 276),

ARP is the annual rate of pension to which the member would, on the valuation assumptions, be entitled under the arrangement on the date if, on the date, the member acquired an actual (rather than a prospective) right to receive a pension in respect of the rights, and

LS is the amount of any lump sum to which the member would, on the valuation assumptions, be entitled under the arrangement on the date (otherwise than by way of commutation of pension) if, on the date, the member acquired an actual (rather than a prospective) right to payment of a lump sum in respect of the rights.

[F30(7)If this subsection applies, the value of the member's uncrystallised rights under the arrangement on the date (“the hybrid value”) is to be calculated by taking the following steps—

(8)For the purposes of this section a variety of benefits is “relevant” in relation to a hybrid arrangement if, in any circumstances, benefits of that variety may be provided under the arrangement.

(9)In this section “variety of benefits” means a variety of benefits specified in section 152(10).]

Textual Amendments

F25Words in s. 212(2) substituted (with effect in accordance with Sch. 16 para. 85 of the amending Act) by Finance Act 2011 (c. 11), Sch. 16 para. 72

F26Words in s. 212(2) inserted (17.12.2014) by Taxation of Pensions Act 2014 (c. 30), Sch. 1 para. 15

F27Words in s. 212(3) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 18

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I5Ss. 160-274, 281, Schs. 30-35 in force at 6.4.2006 but any power to make an order or regulations under those provisions may be exercised at any time after Royal Assent, see s. 284

213Surchargeable unauthorised employer paymentsU.K.

(1)This section identifies which unauthorised employer payments made by a registered pension scheme to or in respect of a [F31person who is or has been a] sponsoring employer are surchargeable.

(2)If the surcharge threshold is reached before the end of the period of 12 months beginning with a reference date, each unauthorised employer payment made to or in respect of the [F32person] in the surcharge period is surchargeable.

(3)The surcharge period is the period—

(a)beginning with the reference date, and

(b)ending with the day on which the surcharge threshold is reached.

(4)The first reference date is the date on which the pension scheme first makes an unauthorised employer payment to or in respect of the [F33person].

(5)Each subsequent reference date is the date, after the end of the previous reference period, on which the pension scheme next makes an unauthorised employer payment to or in respect of the [F34person].

(6)The previous reference period is the period of 12 months beginning with the previous reference date or, if the surcharge threshold is reached in that period, is the surcharge period ending with the date on which it was reached.

(7)The surcharge threshold is reached if the unauthorised payments percentage reaches 25%.

(8)The unauthorised payments percentage is the aggregate of the percentages of the pension fund used up by each unauthorised employer payment made by the pension scheme to or in respect of the [F35person] on or after the reference date.

(9)The percentage of the pension fund used up on the occasion of an unauthorised employer payment is—

where—

UEP is the amount of the unauthorised employer payment, and

AA is an amount equal to the aggregate of the amount of the sums and the market value of the assets held for the purposes of the pension scheme at the time when the unauthorised employer payment is made.

Textual Amendments

F31Words in s. 213(1) inserted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 19(2)

F32Word in s. 213(2) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 19(3)

F33Word in s. 213(4) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 19(3)

F34Word in s. 213(5) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 19(3)

F35Word in s. 213(8) substituted (retrospective to 6.4.2006) by Finance Act 2006 (c. 25), s. 161(2), Sch. 23 para. 19(3)

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

Commencement Information

I6Ss. 160-274, 281, Schs. 30-35 in force at 6.4.2006 but any power to make an order or regulations under those provisions may be exercised at any time after Royal Assent, see s. 284