(1)Except as provided by this Act, no proceedings, whether criminal or civil, may be brought against a person on the grounds that an act is unlawful by virtue of this Part.
(2)But subsection (1) does not prevent—
(a)an application for judicial review,
(b)proceedings under the Immigration Acts,
(c)proceedings under the Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997 (c. 68), or
(d)in Scotland, the exercise of the jurisdiction of the Court of Session to entertain an application for reduction or suspension of an order or determination or otherwise to consider the validity of an order or determination, or to require reasons for an order or determination to be stated.