(1)This section applies for the purposes of this Chapter.
(2)Persons are associates if they are associated with each other.
(3)The following are associated with each other—
(a)an individual and the individual's spouse or civil partner or relative,
(b)an individual and a spouse or civil partner of a relative of the individual,
(c)an individual and a relative of the individual's spouse or civil partner,
(d)an individual and a spouse or civil partner of a relative of the individual's spouse or civil partner.
(4)The following are associated with each other—
(a)a person as trustee of a settlement and an individual who (in relation to the settlement) is a settlor,
(b)a person as trustee of a settlement and a person associated with an individual who (in relation to the settlement) is a settlor.
(5)The following are associated with each other—
(a)a person and a body of persons of which the person has control,
(b)a person and a body of persons of which persons associated with the person have control,
(c)a person and a body of persons of which the person and persons associated with the person have control,
(d)two or more bodies of persons associated with the same person under paragraphs (a) to (c).
(6)In relation to a disposal by joint owners, the joint owners and any person associated with any of them are associated with each other.
(7)For the purposes of this section—
(a)a relative is a brother, sister, ancestor or lineal descendant,
(b)a body of persons includes a partnership, and
(c)“settlement” and “settlor” have the meanings given by section 620 of ITTOIA 2005.