S. 6 in force at 6.4.2013 by S.I. 2013/589, art. 2(1)-(3)

S. 6(9)(a) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(a) (with Sch. 4 paras. 7, 13) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1343, regs. 35-59); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

S. 6(10)(a) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(b) (with Sch. 4 paras. 7, 13) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1343, regs. 35-59); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

S. 6(11) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(d) (with Sch. 4 paras. 7, 13) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1343, regs. 35-59); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

Words in s. 6(10)(b) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(c) (with Sch. 4 paras. 7, 13) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1343, regs. 35-59); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/19/section/6Civil Aviation Act 2012An Act to make provision about the regulation of operators of dominant airports; to confer functions on the Civil Aviation Authority under competition legislation in relation to services provided at airports; to make provision about aviation security; to make provision about the regulation of provision of flight accommodation; to make further provision about the Civil Aviation Authority's membership, administration and functions in relation to enforcement, regulatory burdens and the provision of information relating to aviation; and for connected purposes.texttext/xmlenStatute Law Database2024-07-29Expert Participation2024-05-24PART 1AirportsCHAPTER 1Regulation of operators of dominant airportsDominant airports
6Market power test1

The market power test is met in relation to an airport area if tests A to C are met by or in relation to the relevant operator.

2

For the purposes of tests A to C “the relevant operator” means the person who is the operator of the airport area at the time the test is applied.

3

Test A is that the relevant operator has, or is likely to acquire, substantial market power in a market, either alone or taken with such other persons as the CAA considers appropriate (but see subsections (6) and (7)).

4

Test B is that competition law does not provide sufficient protection against the risk that the relevant operator may engage in conduct that amounts to an abuse of that substantial market power.

5

Test C is that, for users of air transport services, the benefits of regulating the relevant operator by means of a licence are likely to outweigh the adverse effects.

6

Test A is met only if—

a

the market is a market for one or more of the types of airport operation service provided in the airport area (or for services that include one or more of those types of service), and

b

geographically the market consists of or includes all or part of the airport area.

7

In relation to an airport area that includes all or part of the core area of an airport (as well as all or part of the rest of the airport), subsection (6) has effect as if the references to the airport area were references to the core area or, as appropriate, the part of the core area.

8

For the purposes of test B conduct may, in particular, amount to an abuse of substantial market power if it is conduct described in section 18(2)(a) to (d) of the Competition Act 1998.

9

In test B “competition law” means—

a

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

b

Part 1 of the Competition Act 1998, and

c

Part 4 of the Enterprise Act 2002 (market investigations).

10

In applying tests A to C, the CAA must have regard to—

a

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

b

relevant advice and information published under section 52 of the Competition Act 1998 (advice and information about the application and enforcement of the prohibitions in Part 1 of that Act ...);

c

relevant advice and information published under section 171 of the Enterprise Act 2002 (advice and information about the operation of Part 4 of that Act).

11

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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<note class="commentary I" eId="key-adc1a32a45c9acc4253e642b389030d0">
<p>
S. 6 in force at 6.4.2013 by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2013/589">S.I. 2013/589</ref>
,
<rref from="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2013/589/article/2/1" upTo="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2013/589/article/2/3">art. 2(1)-(3)</rref>
</p>
</note>
<note class="commentary F" eId="key-a12805311095042e2e78aec598df0325">
<p>
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/19/section/6/9/a">S. 6(9)(a)</ref>
omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93">The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/regulation/1/1">reg. 1(1)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/1/paragraph/14/2/a">Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(a)</ref>
(with
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/7">Sch. 4 paras. 7</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/13">13</ref>
) (as amended by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343">S.I. 2020/1343</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343/regulation/35">regs. 35-59</ref>
);
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1">2020 c. 1</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1/schedule/5/paragraph/1/1">Sch. 5 para. 1(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note class="commentary F" eId="key-04443a9dd2c55ca9e203d5f732b7b9aa">
<p>
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/19/section/6/10/a">S. 6(10)(a)</ref>
omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93">The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/regulation/1/1">reg. 1(1)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/1/paragraph/14/2/b">Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(b)</ref>
(with
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/7">Sch. 4 paras. 7</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/13">13</ref>
) (as amended by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343">S.I. 2020/1343</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343/regulation/35">regs. 35-59</ref>
);
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1">2020 c. 1</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1/schedule/5/paragraph/1/1">Sch. 5 para. 1(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note class="commentary F" eId="key-48743ed99a2c4e7623753365c1d2c5c1">
<p>
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/19/section/6/11">S. 6(11)</ref>
omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93">The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/regulation/1/1">reg. 1(1)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/1/paragraph/14/2/d">Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(d)</ref>
(with
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/7">Sch. 4 paras. 7</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/13">13</ref>
) (as amended by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343">S.I. 2020/1343</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343/regulation/35">regs. 35-59</ref>
);
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1">2020 c. 1</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1/schedule/5/paragraph/1/1">Sch. 5 para. 1(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
<note class="commentary F" eId="key-40b2ddb02b572dad56aab6e0e0b58263">
<p>
Words in
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2012/19/section/6/10/b">s. 6(10)(b)</ref>
omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93">The Competition (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/93)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/regulation/1/1">reg. 1(1)</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/1/paragraph/14/2/c">Sch. 1 para. 14(2)(c)</ref>
(with
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/7">Sch. 4 paras. 7</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2019/93/schedule/4/paragraph/13">13</ref>
) (as amended by
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343">S.I. 2020/1343</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/uksi/2020/1343/regulation/35">regs. 35-59</ref>
);
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1">2020 c. 1</ref>
,
<ref href="http://www.legislation.gov.uk/id/ukpga/2020/1/schedule/5/paragraph/1/1">Sch. 5 para. 1(1)</ref>
</p>
</note>
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<portionBody period="#period2">
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<num>
<strong>PART 1</strong>
</num>
<heading>Airports</heading>
<chapter eId="part-1-chapter-1" period="#period1">
<num>CHAPTER 1</num>
<heading>Regulation of operators of dominant airports</heading>
<hcontainer name="crossheading" eId="part-1-chapter-1-crossheading-dominant-airports" period="#period1">
<heading>
<em>Dominant airports</em>
</heading>
<section eId="section-6" period="#period1">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-adc1a32a45c9acc4253e642b389030d0" marker="I1" class="commentary I"/>
6
</num>
<heading>Market power test</heading>
<subsection eId="section-6-1">
<num>1</num>
<content>
<p>The market power test is met in relation to an airport area if tests A to C are met by or in relation to the relevant operator.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-2">
<num>2</num>
<content>
<p>
For the purposes of tests A to C “
<term refersTo="#term-the-relevant-operator">the relevant operator</term>
” means the person who is the operator of the airport area at the time the test is applied.
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-3">
<num>3</num>
<content>
<p>
Test A is that the relevant operator has, or is likely to acquire, substantial market power in a market, either alone or taken with such other persons as the
<abbr class="Acronym" title="Civil Aviation Authority">CAA</abbr>
considers appropriate (but see subsections (6) and (7)).
</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-4">
<num>4</num>
<content>
<p>Test B is that competition law does not provide sufficient protection against the risk that the relevant operator may engage in conduct that amounts to an abuse of that substantial market power.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-5">
<num>5</num>
<content>
<p>Test C is that, for users of air transport services, the benefits of regulating the relevant operator by means of a licence are likely to outweigh the adverse effects.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-6">
<num>6</num>
<intro>
<p>Test A is met only if—</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-6-6-a">
<num>a</num>
<content>
<p>the market is a market for one or more of the types of airport operation service provided in the airport area (or for services that include one or more of those types of service), and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-6-6-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>geographically the market consists of or includes all or part of the airport area.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-7">
<num>7</num>
<content>
<p>In relation to an airport area that includes all or part of the core area of an airport (as well as all or part of the rest of the airport), subsection (6) has effect as if the references to the airport area were references to the core area or, as appropriate, the part of the core area.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-8">
<num>8</num>
<content>
<p>For the purposes of test B conduct may, in particular, amount to an abuse of substantial market power if it is conduct described in section 18(2)(a) to (d) of the Competition Act 1998.</p>
</content>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-9">
<num>9</num>
<intro>
<p>
In test B “
<term refersTo="#term-competition-law">competition law</term>
” means—
</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-6-9-a">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-a12805311095042e2e78aec598df0325" marker="F1" class="commentary F"/>
a
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-6-9-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>Part 1 of the Competition Act 1998, and</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-6-9-c">
<num>c</num>
<content>
<p>Part 4 of the Enterprise Act 2002 (market investigations).</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-10">
<num>10</num>
<intro>
<p>
In applying tests A to C, the
<abbr class="Acronym" title="Civil Aviation Authority">CAA</abbr>
must have regard to—
</p>
</intro>
<paragraph eId="section-6-10-a">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-04443a9dd2c55ca9e203d5f732b7b9aa" marker="F2" class="commentary F"/>
a
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-6-10-b">
<num>b</num>
<content>
<p>
relevant advice and information published under section 52 of the Competition Act 1998 (advice and information about the application and enforcement of the prohibitions in Part 1 of that Act
<noteRef href="#key-40b2ddb02b572dad56aab6e0e0b58263" marker="F4" class="commentary F"/>
...);
</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph eId="section-6-10-c">
<num>c</num>
<content>
<p>relevant advice and information published under section 171 of the Enterprise Act 2002 (advice and information about the operation of Part 4 of that Act).</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection eId="section-6-11">
<num>
<noteRef href="#key-48743ed99a2c4e7623753365c1d2c5c1" marker="F3" class="commentary F"/>
11
</num>
<content>
<p>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .</p>
</content>
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